What do they do in the fall in the house garden and garden. What do people do in autumn?

Autumn work in the garden require no less attention and effort than in other seasons. This is especially important, because time flies quickly, the cold is coming inevitably, and there is still so much to do!

Now your garden, the garden is not as bright and elegant as in summer. But right now you must take care of the future of your garden, so that in the spring, warming up in the sun, you will be met by the first spring flowers - primroses.

The harvest is not over yet, but until what time unripe fruits you can stay on the branches and beds, you will have to decide based on weather conditions.

In autumn, many shrubs and trees require care, therefore, after deciduous trees and shrubs dropped almost all their leaves, you can do their transplants. If you haven't done this before, trim fruit bushes and cut off faded roses. In late September - early October - the time of the last cutting of hedges.

Take care of perennials: remove faded heads from late flowering ones to prolong flowering, and at the end of it, divide and replant overgrown plants, because most of them benefit from transplants or divisions every 2-3 years. Rhizomes of dahlias and cannes should be dug up after the first frost.

To make your garden bloom earlier next year, sow some annuals (calendula, poppies, cornflowers, cosmos and sweet pea) directly into the ground.

If you are planting daffodils, then experts recommend doing this in early autumn, but tulips and hyacinths - about three weeks before frost. Don't forget to plant the garlic.

Winter plantings always cause controversy: the obvious advantages of such sowing are saving time in the spring, the possibility of obtaining earlier and more abundant harvests, early flowering annuals. Well, the disadvantages are that it is impossible to exclude the germination and death of seeds and seedlings from frost, there is a great chance of obtaining uneven seedlings, etc.

Before winter, you can plant such annuals as: viola, lavatera, cornflower, calendula, iberis, Godetia and Clarkia, escholzia, poppy and kosmeya, Drummond's phlox, annual chrysanthemums and delphinium, mignonette, cochia, decorative quinoa. As well as herbaceous perennials: decorative bows, aquilegia, primroses, delphinium, swimsuit, hellebore, lupine, lychnis, eryngium, yarrow.

From shrubs and trees in autumn, hawthorn, barberry, clematis and other plants (requiring stratification) can be planted with seeds.

Carrots are sown from vegetables before winter (“Nantes 4” or “Cold-resistant 19”), black onions, common leaf parsley, leaf lettuce, head and watercress, spinach, parsnips, physalis, sorrel, beets (“Podzimnyaya”, “ A-474"), dill.

Autumn sowing will be relatively painless only if the soil on your site is quite light and cultivated - which means that it will not swim from autumn rains or from spring floods.

Land for planting should be filled with fertilizers. It must be carefully dug up, mixed with peat, humus and ash, loosened, broken into grooves and dry humus or peat is prepared to fill the grooves.

But the most important thing is to correctly determine the landing time. Your friend and number one adviser on this subject is the long-range weather forecast. Most importantly, after sowing, prolonged warming should not occur, otherwise the seeds may germinate or die from frost.

The best option is the end of October or the beginning of November, when the daytime air temperature drops to + 2-3 degrees, and there are frosts at night.

A place for a winter bed is chosen so that water does not stagnate in autumn and spring, and snow does not blow off in winter. On the day of sowing, grooves 3 cm deep are made in the garden. If they are covered with snow on the day of sowing, sweep it away. Take more seeds than you usually take - 20-25 percent. Sow, as usual, pour the prepared peat-humus mixture on top, cover the bed with spruce branches on top.

Autumn is the time for cuttings of heat-loving perennials and for transferring them to the house ( we are talking about fuchsia, pelargonium, etc.).

Engage in autumn time and soil improvement. In the poorest areas, you can sow rye - this will help keep the soil free of weeds and saturate it with micronutrients. If you planted green manure, dig the soil along with them, you can cover the dug up area with a film or mulch with peat (by the way, these measures will help the soil warm up earlier in the spring). Autumn cultivation allows the soil to better absorb potassium, phosphorus and other important trace elements by spring.

You have a big cleanup ahead of you. garden plot- it always happens in autumn. Cut off the withered greenery of perennials at the root, put things in order in flower beds, borders, on alpine slide. Remove rotten and diseased fruits and fruiting annuals from the site. horticultural crops(legume roots - peas, beans, beans - you can leave in the soil, they will enrich it with the accumulated over the season beneficial substances, cut off the upper part of the plants.

Rake fallen leaves regularly and carefully - you will get excellent leaf humus. But remember that diseased, as well as pest-affected plants should be removed from the site or burned.

When the greenhouse is free from planting, be sure to treat its walls and windows with a disinfectant to kill fungi and other pathogens.

Take care of the lawn. Be sure to remove rotten leaves from it - otherwise the lawn may “go bald” or yellow spots form on it. Autumn is the time for cleaning, aerating the lawn, darning it, fertilizing and leveling the surface.

A very important autumn event is mulching plantings with high-quality soil or garden compost. During the summer, the roots of plants for various reasons could become bare, and this is dangerous, because the cold is ahead. Mulching not only nourishes the plant, but also protects the roots from wind and cold, and helps to retain heat and moisture in the soil. Mulching should be done before the onset of frost, when the soil is warm after summer and saturated with moisture. Plants that painfully perceive the vagaries of our winter should be additionally mulched (on top of the “main” mulch) with bark, shavings, and dry leaves. True, you can do this a little later.

And further. Don't forget to prepare bird feeders. Feeding them in winter is not only pleasant, but also useful - the new season will come, and they will thank you a hundredfold, attacking garden pests.

For the formation of a successful personality from childhood, important concepts should be invested in the perception of the world of the child. Hard work is one of them. That is why in the lessons in the lower grades the question of how a person's work in the fall differs from work in other seasons is considered. It is also important to bring to the consciousness of the kids why it is so important to work actively not only in spring and summer.

And no frost will be terrible!

The work of a person in autumn is somewhat different from others. seasonal work. Children should already understand that all living things in Eurasia are beginning to prepare for the cold period. Therefore, the first important thing for people is the insulation of dwellings - their own home and buildings intended for the wintering of domestic animals.

In apartments, most people seal the cracks in the windows. This is done so that in winter they do not blow cold air. Although in many dwellings today are installed plastic windows that provide sealing. But they also require some preparation for the winter period.

At the same time, the housewives perform general cleaning in the premises: they sort out the stored things, throw out unnecessary trash, and wash the windows. After all, it will be more difficult to do this in winter than in autumn.

Caring for our little brothers

The dwellings of animals that spend the winter outside human homes also require special attention. These include cows, horses, sheep, goats, rabbits, chinchillas, ferrets, minks, poultry and bees.

The work of a person in the fall living in this is very different from the occupations of a city dweller. After all, the villager needs to caulk the cracks in the cowshed, in the poultry house, insulate the cages intended for small animals or bring them into covered premises, transfer the hives with bees to the omshanik.

And the most caring owners do not even forget to hang a piece of dense fabric or a rubber mat at the entrance and check whether it is convenient for the animal to go inside, whether it understands how to do it.

Caring for our smaller brothers, that is, for living beings that inhabit the planet, is an important and necessary work of a person in the fall. At school, children make bird feeders, hang them up and make sure that they always have food for birds in them in winter.

Forage harvesting

Everyone who keeps hay-eating cattle on the farm begins to take care of winter feeding in the summer. Hay season is a hot time.

Grass for hay is cut, dried, stacked in haystacks. But in the fall, you need to take care that the hay does not rot from precipitation. Therefore, herbivore food should be moved indoors or carefully covered.

on the fields

For many, the onset of autumn is associated with an abundance of vegetables and fruits. But as practice proves, it is difficult to grow a crop, but it is not easier to harvest it without loss.

Hot time is coming. Grain harvesters harvest wheat, rye, oats, buckwheat, peas and other crops in the fields all day long. It is very important to do all the work before the onset of the rainy season. Otherwise, the entire crop will rot in the bud.

However, machines are not always able to fully collect all the ears. A lot of them fall to the ground. Previously, children even took off from classes and went to the fields to help adults there - pick up fallen ears. Such was the feasible contribution to the work of man in the fall. Grade 2 has already coped with this task quite well.

Today, children are no longer attracted to such work, but in vain. The younger generation loses its connection with the land, respect for the work of grain growers. Hence the abundance of photos on the Internet with rolls put on their feet, imitating slippers ...

Harvest - do not yawn, do not fall behind!

Beets and potatoes, carrots and other root crops are also harvested. Large farms do this with the help of special machines. But private villagers sometimes dig their crops the old fashioned way, with a shovel and a rake. Most of the children have not only heard about it - they themselves are familiar with such a work of man.

In the fall, grade 1, together with the teacher, must dig up several bushes of potatoes, carrots, and beets on their own. Then the children will understand how hard it is for a person to get food and, perhaps, they will become more careful about them.

Steam, cook, roll up

But you really want to keep the fruits grown in summer cottages and vegetable gardens and enjoy them in the winter! Therefore, the work of a person in the fall is often associated precisely with conservation. During this period, many housewives cook jams, pickle and pickle vegetables, make compotes, dry mushrooms and herbs for seasonings.

Territory cleaning

How many fallen leaves on the ground in autumn! It is beautiful. But over time they will rot. Because of this, many harmful microorganisms will multiply rapidly in a favorable environment for this. Therefore, the labor of a person in the fall is associated with their cleaning. In the classroom around the world, children not only talk about it, but they themselves help adults in this lesson.

In gardens and dachas, people also clean up fallen leaves, tops from the harvest.

Planting plants in autumn

Although plant activity slows down in winter, many of them require planting. late autumn. For example, some varieties of garlic must be planted before winter.

Most seedlings of bushes and trees also take root best in the fall. Experienced gardeners with the onset of cold weather, vaccinate fruit and berry trees. So the plants are least injured and tolerate this procedure more easily.

So many people already in the fall are preparing the land for spring plantings. To do this, they bring fertilizer to the plots, dig up vegetable gardens.

It is very important to complete each activity on time. Only then can you expect excellent results.