Basic rules for processing peach in the fall. Spraying peach in early spring: the best purchased and folk remedies

Planting and growing a peach tree can be equated to a real art, because this activity requires a careful study of one's own and others' mistakes. The peach tree is prone to disease if it is not properly cared for, but when peach care is sufficient in the spring, it can reward you with tasty and large fruits.

Spring peach pruning

In most cases, peach pruning should be started already in the first half of March, when there is no longer any risk of damage to the tree by low air temperature.

But it is worth considering here that if winter period the air temperature dropped below 18 degrees, then pruning the plant should be postponed until the vegetative period. This must be done in order to objectively assess the degree of damage to the tree, and apply the required effort to pruning than higher percentage damaged buds on a tree, the less active pruning should be, and vice versa. Peach care in the spring also depends on the degree of frostbite of the shoots (watch the video).

Feeding peach trees in spring

Like most other fertile trees, the peach needs mandatory feeding in spring season. Top dressing of a tree in the spring is done while digging the soil around the tree trunk. Fertilizers can greatly affect the final fruit quality and the overall health of the tree, for example, the leaves of a fertilized peach can be 3 times the size of leaves growing on an unfertilized ( on video).

Fertilizers that you are going to apply to the soil around the tree in the spring should contain the following components:

Nitrogen fertilizers (about 70 grams).
Ammonium nitrate (50 grams).

Also, peach care includes fertilizing with fertilizers of organic origin, but organics are allowed to be applied to the soil no more than 1 time in 3 years.

Watering the peach and caring for the near-stem circle

It is most preferable to irrigate peach in furrows, usually 1 furrow on each side is enough for young plants, for older plants about three furrows should be installed on each side or in a circle (in the figure). Peaches are always planted in well-filled soil, so the depth of the furrows should not exceed 10 cm, and the distance between them should be between 30 and 40 centimeters (watch the video).

With a clear lack of natural rainfall and insufficiency of melt water in spring, watering is done 10 days before the start of the flowering period, and continues periodically (with the calculation of rains). Watering must be necessarily suspended 2 weeks before the expected removal of fruits from the tree, since excess moisture in the soil can adversely affect the taste of the fruit.

A large mass of the roots of this plant is located at a depth of up to 60 cm, therefore, for the most part, not so much water is used in irrigation. The main thing is not to overdo it, and not turn the earth into a swamp, this can completely destroy root system peach.

To preserve moisture, caring for the near-trunk circle may include mulching the soil around the trunk on? crown diameter.

peach tree health

The health of a plant can depend not only on the climatic conditions in which it grows, but also on the many diseases that peaches are susceptible to.

Before planting, you should choose a place with uncontaminated soil, and if you plant an escape, then check it for any diseases. Peach care in spring and during the growing season, treatment and prevention of plant diseases should be carried out with the help of spraying measures with special chemicals mixed in certain proportions.

In addition to the usual diseases of the tree, fungal infections caused by fungi or living organisms in the tree or its shoots are also common. For example, peach moth, which, after wintering in the spring, bites into the shoots, which causes them to dry out ( on photo and video).

For the treatment of each specific disease, a separate Chemical substance or a combination of them, depending on the disease, purpose (treatment/prevention), time of year. Two weeks after the first spraying against diseases and pests, it is worth repeating the spraying with the same substances to consolidate the result.

Chemical protection

Unfortunately, to obtain marketable peach products without a permanent chemical protection almost impossible. On a fruit-bearing tree, the first spraying should be done not in spring, but in autumn, during leaf fall, when half of the leaves are still on the tree.

The Bordeaux mixture (Bordeaux liquid is medicine No. 1 for green patients) gives the best effect at a concentration of 3%, since it is not washed off by rain and snow, which means that copper, which will stick to branches and fallen leaves, will reliably protect the garden from fungal infections. In addition to spraying, it is also necessary to whitewash the trunk and large skeletal branches with Bordeaux mixture, which will also prevent burns on sunny winter days, from overheating and premature bud development.

First spring spraying carried out even before bud break - in the last decade of March. Again - the first spraying is best done with Bordeaux liquid. After 10-12 days, repeat the treatment, but with the use of cuprosate (40 ml per 10 liters of water).

These three treatments practically save the peach from curlyness and monilia, but, of course, they do not guarantee a 100% effect. If, nevertheless, signs of curliness on the leaves begin to appear, then just before flowering (but before the color opens), it is necessary to treat the foliage with Topaz (concentration 5-6 ml per 10 liters of water). This systemic fungicide gives excellent results in low temperatures. And since during the flowering of trees, bees carry spores of harmful fungi along with pollen, topaz will protect your peaches from the inside and prevent diseases from developing.

A complete schedule of treatments for peach trees from diseases

The most a big problem peach is leaf curl. It is caused by a fungus that is extremely difficult to fight.

To obtain good harvest peaches, it must be protected from the fungus, generously “feed” with fertilizers, cut correctly.

How to spray a peach in the spring from curly

Dissolve in a bucket of water 300 grams blue vitriol and a spoonful of washing powder for better adhesion. Generously treat all branches and trunk with a solution. You need to spray the peach several times at the beginning of the growing season.

First time processed with copper vitriol very early - in February-March.
Second time– in the pink cone phase with strobilurins Quadris or Strobe. It is one of the safest yet effective systemic fungicides.
Third time peach is sprayed with a weak infusion of mullein or extract from biohumus after fruit set. This will increase the resistance of the peach to disease. How to spray an apricot from diseases in the spring, read.

Cool folk remedy against peach curl - decoction yarrow. Boil a large harvest of dry grass for 5 minutes in 3 liters of water. Infuse for two hours and generously spray branches and leaves.

Before processing, curly leaves must be cut off. Repeat the procedure after a week or two. You can spray a peach with a decoction of yarrow at any time during the growing season.

Proper peach care in the spring will ensure a generous harvest.

How to trim a peach

The peach bears fruit on last year's growth. But the problem is that new growth branches terribly in the summer. From almost every kidney, new twigs-shoots make their way. Having given fruit, the branch becomes bare and will bear fruit already at the very tip - a new growth.

Therefore, in order to get a harvest of peaches, it is necessary cut off in the pink cone phase, when it is already clear which branches have already borne fruit and do not bloom, but only take on nutrients.

Peach is very photophilous. A dense crown plus fungus damage leads to a strong weakening of the tree and it dies. Therefore, the crown of a peach is formed into a cup-shaped one, and approximately the same volume of branches is maintained annually with the help of pruning.

Spring peach pruning

spring cut off everything that is weak and looks down. In a peach, flower buds can be located either on the branches of the branch, or closer to their base. This is a feature of the variety. If in spring the peach blooms mainly at the base, then the branches are made shorter. And if the flowers are located at the very tips, then only the top of the branch is cut off.

Summer cut off the upper half of the branches from the new growth, which are directed to the middle of the crown. All branches are also shortened, except for two strong outer shoots. Like this:

We cut the branches directed inside the crown over the 2nd sheet, and shorten those that look down

A couple of twigs untouched by a pruner will become skeletal. And the shortened lower branches will branch out over the summer, become fruitful. Highlighted in green on the diagram:

summer peach pruning

How to Grow a Strong and Healthy Peach

Step 1. Select quality seedling with a strong root system.

Step 2. Plant in a smart hole. A smart pit is a deep, generously filled with manure and mineral water planting pit with good drainage and a pipe brought up for spot deep watering of the root system.

Grow a seedling. The fact is that the peach inherits 60% of its maternal properties. Important: the seeds should be planted immediately where you plan to grow a peach, so that the seedling does not have to be dug up and thereby damage the tap root. And it is precisely the basis of a strong and healthy tree.

autumn bury 3-4 bones in a layer of sand in a prepared hole. Mulch on top. And in the spring, choose the strongest seedling, and remove the rest.

Step 3. Constantly pour in trunk circle manure, mulch the soil and water abundantly.

Step 4. Pick off excess fruit. Like no other crop, the peach does not tolerate overload. Do not spare the fruits, the load rate for a tree is 1 fruit per 15 cm of a branch. We wrote about how to increase the yield of apricots in.

The peach is a southern fruit tree that requires constant care when grown in our gardens. The fact is, if you do not take care of it, it begins to hurt and dry, the yield will noticeably decrease, and then fruiting will stop altogether. Peach care is especially important in the fall; how the tree survives the frosty winter and how quickly it “wakes up” in the spring will depend on the correctness of its implementation.

Preparing a peach for winter begins with tillage. It should be dug up under the trees as late as possible, just before the onset of cold weather. It is best to use a garden shovel for this and dig its earth very tightly and with a full bayonet. Pests that have left for wintering deep into the soil will die on the surface if you do not break the lumps of soil with a shovel when digging. The onset of frost itself will loosen the recently dug up area, due to which the moisture from melted snow will perfectly moisten even the deepest layers of the soil and nourish the roots of the tree with it.

The soil in the peach garden will need to be fertilized in the fall. Top dressing is done mineral fertilizers, which are poured into specially made near-stem holes for this purpose. Their depth should be at least 25 cm, and the length should be about 30 cm from the trunk. Fertilizers are applied in layers, sprinkling them with earth, first - phosphorus, and then - potassium. This will provide nourishment to the roots. In addition, young trees will additionally need to add another layer - compost. A tree at the age of 3-4 years can be additionally fed with manure and ammonium nitrate. And an adult peach will need nitrogen fertilizers, and the older the tree, the autumn feeding he will need more.

Foliar top dressing. Spraying the tree with a solution of urea

Preparation for winter begins with tillage. Dig up just before the onset of cold weather.

Foliar top dressing is another stage in how peach care is carried out in the autumn. It is a spraying of a tree with a solution of urea or zinc sulfate and potassium permanganate dissolved in water.

Separate words deserve the autumn loosening of the peach orchard. This agricultural procedure is designed to ensure the saturation of the soil with air and the destruction of all weeds. Moreover, the loosened earth will better absorb the moisture of autumn rains, melted snow or watering.

Alternatively, some gardeners prefer mulching to autumn soil loosening. An earth crust does not form under the mulch.

Podzimny watering is another milestone preparing the peach to the ground. It is performed either at the end of October or at the beginning of November. In a word, at the time when the growth of the tree will be guaranteed to be stopped. Watering the tree too late, right before frost, can cause the roots to freeze.

The peach loves abundant moisture, but does not tolerate stagnant water at all, therefore winter watering should be carried out only after loosening, in such an amount as to prevent waterlogging of the soil. In gardens located in the lowlands, as well as on heavy clay soils winter watering is not carried out.

Pruning of fruit trees is also carried out with the onset of autumn, usually from early September to mid-October. Autumn pruning of apple trees is carried out to obtain a rich harvest for next year. The same goes for peach trees, pruning is important element in their cultivation.

In the fall, the following types of pruning are performed:

sanitary;
forming;
rejuvenating;
regulatory;
restoring.

Types of tree pruning

Sanitary pruning is to remove dry, diseased and broken branches. Forming - removes strongly overgrown branches for easy removal of fruits and beautiful crown. Rejuvenating pruning is used only to renew old trees. Regulatory, in which part of the fruit-bearing branch is cut off, ensures a good harvest for next year. Restorative pruning, which involves removing all branches, prolongs the life of a tree.

Necessary protection

in winter peach trees in our latitudes they need additional protection, which also needs to be provided for in the fall. It should be not only from frost, but also from too bright rays of the spring sun, which can cause a tree sunburn. To protect against this in the fall, it will be necessary to whitewash the trunk and base of the skeletal fruit-bearing branches with slaked lime and spray the entire tree with lime milk.

The trunks of young trees can additionally be wrapped with spruce branches, sunflower stems or thick paper.

Before winter, there is a need for additional protection of trees, whitewashing the trunk

Additionally, you can wrap spruce spruce branches

tree trunk insulation

To protect its root system from frost around the tree trunk, you can make a mound of earth, 30 cm high, and wrap the tree itself with burlap. A young seedling can be covered even more original way – carton box filled with hay. This will protect its trunk and branches from damage and prevent freezing of fruit buds.

Another step in preparing the peach for winter will be the treatment of the tree with fungicides - copper sulfate or Bordeaux liquid. This will prevent the risk of his disease with powdery mildew, leaf curl or moniliosis. To prevent fungal infections, the trunk is directly washed out with them.

Treating the tree with fungicides will prevent the risk of fungal infections

So, the final preparation of a peach for winter consists in the following work:

digging and loosening the soil;
top dressing;
pre-winter watering;
mulching with sawdust;
pruning;
treatment for diseases and pests;
whitewashing and spraying
insulation of the trunk and roots.

Such careful peach care ensures that it will safely survive the winter cold and will delight you with the harvest of its juicy fruits next year.

We continue to publish materials on the protection of garden and garden plants from diseases and pests. Processing schemes are proposed by specialists of the plant protection station. Already considered quince, apple and pear processing, as well as tomato processing. It was the turn of another capricious crop - peach. But if it is properly processed and treated in time, it grows and bears fruit safely.

Peaches have always grown in our house. different varieties. And the great taste of homemade peaches, as a rule, surpasses the taste of those fruits that are brought from afar and sold in the market or in stores. In addition, the prices for peaches are very high.

So you can safely try to grow a peach in your garden. It should be noted that the peach loves a sunny place and is very afraid of severe frosts(Here you need to look for zoned varieties). The life of a peach is short - about 12 years.

Particular attention should be paid to the fight against peach leaf curl. It is better to even spray before this appears. dangerous disease for prevention. Otherwise, the life of your peach will be noticeably reduced.

Processing times are given for the Northern zone Krasnodar Territory and south of the Rostov region. So, make adjustments for your geographic location.

So, with what (what fungicides) and at what time to spray the peach:

March - before bud break:
pruning, treatment with 1% copper sulphate

April - on the green cone of trees:
when the first curly leaves(curly) cut them off and treat the tree with Delan or Horus

May - by buds:
spraying with Topsin M (from powdery mildew, scab, moniliosis)
After flowering: Delan or Horus (alternating)

June - fruit growth:
Abiga Peak, Delan or Skor

July - fruit growth:
do not process anything

August - growth and ripening of fruits:
edited by Abiga Peak. Watering with top dressing

September - fruit ripening:
Removing carrion and leaves. Loosening trunk circles

You can use another peach processing scheme, which was successfully used by the famous gardener Nikolai Kulish (Bataysk)

Protection of peaches from diseases and pests - 2nd processing scheme

1. In the spring, in February windows, at a temperature of +4, in order to prevent the development of fungal diseases, two sprays are carried out with an interval of 3-4 days on dormant buds with a 1% solution of copper sulphate. After that, the eradicating treatment of plants with preparation No. 30 or an emulsion of diesel fuel is applied (1.5-2 kg of ordinary clay, 600-700 g of diesel fuel, 2 tablespoons of domestic washing powder per 10 liters of water).

2. Swollen buds are sprayed against aphids and other pests with a solution of karbofos, Sherpa, Arrivo, Sumi-Alfa are effective.

3. In the "green cone" phase, a deep blue spray is carried out with 3% Bordeaux liquid (300 g of copper sulfate + 400-500 g of slaked lime per 10 liters of water) against fungal diseases.

4. In the rose bud phase, repeated treatment against pests and diseases (primarily against pathogens of leaf curl) is carried out with one of the drugs recommended for use in home gardens (summer cottages).

5. After flowering, peach treatments are effective with the same preparations that were used during the "rosebud" phase.

6. Against leaf curl and other fungal diseases during leaf fall, a solution of urea is used (500-700 g per 10 liters of water).

7. A combined solution helps against leaf curl and pests during the growing season (consumption rate in accordance with the instructions): Saprol (against diseases) plus INTA-VIR (against pests) plus colloidal sulfur (against ticks).

8. During the growing season against aphids, a combined solution of karbofos (or another drug of similar action) plus urea 30-40 g per 10 liters of water is used.

9. In autumn, during the period of leaf fall, with severe damage to peach trees with curl or powdery mildew, a suspension of diesel fuel is treated.

Processing peach in the spring from diseases and pests is an important event for every gardener who cares about the health of the peach tree and expects to get a rich harvest. The timing and stages of spring processing, the most effective drugs, the technology of their application are discussed in this article.

The peach tree is very capricious and requires the gardener to special attention and meticulous care. So that it does not hurt and bears excellent fruit, it is necessary to fertilize and water the soil, fight diseases and pests. Experienced gardeners know how important it is to process in the spring fruit trees. Thanks to timely spraying, the peach tree gets the opportunity to grow and develop qualitatively.

Peach is sprayed at least 3 times a year. Each processing is designed to solve a specific problem, the main objective which consists in the fight against a certain type of pest or disease.

Most important - spring processing peach, which is carried out before bud break and after flowering. One spraying is not able to solve the problem, so the peach is processed several times per season.

The first event is carried out before the buds open. The air temperature during this period should not fall below +4 degrees. Peach Processing Time in early spring depend on the region. In warm southern regions, it can be carried out as early as mid-March. As you move north, the timing of the procedure shifts closer to April.

The treatment is aimed at eliminating insects hibernating in the tree bark. It is better to carry out the procedure with interruptions of several days. It is best to use products based on copper-containing fungicides: copper sulfate and Bordeaux mixture. Suitable for processing and emulsion of diesel fuel.

It is undesirable to use preparations based on urea during this period, since they contain nitrogen, an active stimulator of vegetation. Applying such preparations before bud break, you can speed up the exit of the tree from dormancy. As a result, problems in the development of the plant may appear, the maximum of them can lead to the loss of the entire crop.

Spring processing is necessary for a tree with a luxurious dense crown, but the rest also need it. The culture must be processed in the spring, because the pests that wake up after the winter can cause great harm to peaches. So experienced gardeners and it is advised to spray before the first leaves appear, and ideally before the buds swell.

When in the spring for a number of reasons it is not possible to process a peach, you can do it before flowering. Excellent results are achieved by spraying peach in spring period Bordeaux liquid.

In the spring, each tree, in addition to being treated for scab and other unpleasant diseases and pests, is customarily sprayed for curly hair. It is good to use for this purpose 400 grams of lime and 300 grams of copper sulfate, diluted in 10 liters of water.

Spraying peach is also directed against other diseases: scab, powdery mildew, moniliosis. Rose bud treatment helps to fight various pests that emerge from hibernation and begin to destroy young foliage.

The last spraying, which is carried out after flowering, completes the spring processing stage and is a fixative. It is necessary to destroy the survivors after the previous stages of pests and saturate the trees with nitrogen.

Processing Schedule

How to process a peach?

Peach has enough enemies. The most dangerous among them are such diseases: leaf curl, coccomycosis, powdery mildew, clasterosporiosis, fruit rot (moniliosis). In addition to diseases, peach is affected by numerous pests: fruit moth, weevil, aphid, eastern codling moth, various mites.

The most effective drugs

To protect against diseases, many drugs have been developed, which are called fungicides. Insecticides are designed to control insects.

During the spring processing of peach trees, the most effective proven means are used:

urea (carbamide) - a drug that actively copes with many insect pests;
copper-based fungicides (Bordeaux liquid, blue vitriol) - are used to eliminate fungal infections;
fungicides Gaupsin, Skor, Horus, Trichodermin, Tattu, Planriz - are used against fungal infections;
insecticides Engio, Aktara, Aktellik - drugs used against various kinds insect pests;
diesel fuel emulsion effective remedy against insects, which, when sprayed, covers the plant with a film that blocks the access of oxygen to various insects hibernating in the bark, which is why they die;
folk remedies- tinctures of lavender, garlic or tobacco have been used against aphids for a long time, insects that cannot tolerate a sharp aroma leave the tree.

Processing technology

Many gardeners are interested in which preparations are best used for processing peach in the spring, because the effectiveness of spraying depends on their quality. Since various pests can take a fancy to the peach tree, you need to use a variety of means. Only in this way will it be possible to protect the peach.

You should carefully study the instructions for the drug in order to know the proportions in which it must be diluted. It is advisable to spray on a calm day, in the morning or evening, to avoid the chemicals being carried by the wind throughout the garden.

Also, it is recommended to study the weather forecast for the next few days. If rain is expected, it is advisable to move the work to another time so that it does not wash away the chemicals. If this still happens, the processing procedure must be repeated.

To maximize the efficiency of their work, many gardeners use complex measures, simultaneously spraying peach trees with insecticides and fungicides. Such a mixture will ensure the destruction of both fungi and insects. It is not recommended to use the same products for a long time, as pests quickly get used to them.

How to deal with pests and diseases of peach?

In the spring, when the peach enters the growing season, it is recommended to use a solution prepared from 100 grams of vitriol and 150 grams of lime diluted in 10 liters of water. It is recommended to prepare the solution before spraying the trees with Bordeaux liquid in any dish, with the exception of iron.

Each drug should be dissolved separately from the others and slowly pour a solution of vitriol into the lime in a thin stream. Good help against leaf curl and ready-made preparations Kuproksat and Topaz.

Properly prepared Bordeaux mixture will turn out light blue in color. A special indicator allows you to check whether the indicator of its acidity is neutral. Litmus paper dipped into a liquid should not change its color.

The test can be carried out using an ordinary nail. If copper will not settle on a nail immersed in the solution, it can be used. This suggests that there is enough lime in it to carry out the processing of fruit crops.

In the spring, it is advisable to spray with a freshly prepared solution, since it will begin to lose its properties in a day. You can “refresh” it by adding 10 grams of sugar to every 10 liters of water.

Spring peach treatment with a solution of freshly slaked lime or colloidal sulfur will help well against perforated spotting.

Against caterpillars, sawflies, silkworms that appeared during the formation of buds, it is recommended to use Decis or Bi-58 preparations. These measures will be effective only if the trees have not previously been sprayed with the same substances during the appearance of buds.

If the cultures suffered from coccomycosis, scab, rust last season, the tree can be processed again after flowering has ended.

Take half a liter of the resulting liquid and mix with 10 liters of plain water. Ready-to-use solution in undiluted form can be stored for about 3 months.

Preventive measures

In the spring, in addition to regular processing, it is important to timely remove excess ovaries, fragments of unnecessary growth that did not have time to lignify. The peach, which has a high growth rate, quickly forms a crown. By cutting a semi-woody branch in the right place, by autumn you can get mature second-order shoots that will easily survive the winter.

In our area, the ovaries are thinned out not so often. The essence of this method is that the fruits should be located at a distance of at least 20 centimeters from each other. Many gardeners are sorry to remove them, but the remaining ones will be large and beautiful, much sweeter and tastier.

Thinning, in addition, has a healing effect. Single fruits are less likely to be affected by fruit rot and codling moth. Even if one peach dies, it will not be able to infect the rest. And this means that less chemicals will be needed for processing.

Do not forget about regular watering. This simple action helps to increase the tree's own protection against aphids and other pests that have managed to avoid spraying.