How to increase the efficiency of heat transfer of heating radiators. Increasing the heat transfer of cast iron radiators - working methods and tips Get additional heat from a heating radiator
From the author: hello dear readers! The problem of energy efficiency in recent times interested in everything more responsible homeowners. Many of them want to make their home as cozy, warm as possible and not waste money. Numerous articles on the Internet are devoted to the question of how to increase the heat transfer of heating batteries. In this material, we will analyze the most accessible methods that allow you to increase the heat transfer of the system. central heating in the apartment.
Experts say that the air temperature in the room does not always depend on the quality of the batteries. Before taking on the calculation of the heat transfer of the radiator, we advise you to check the thermal insulation of windows and doors. If everything is normal with these positions, then you can proceed with the modernization of the heating system.
Instructions for enhancing heat transfer
The main factors that can positively affect the quality of work heating system, the following:
- the color of the batteries and the cleanliness of their surface;
- correct reflection of heat;
- increase in the size of radiators;
- circulation of air emanating from a heat source.
Each of these theses should be taken into account by a prudent owner if his goal is to live in warmth without paying astronomical bills for additional heating of the home.
To improve the efficiency of the heating system in an apartment or a private house, home craftsmen will first have to remember a school physics course. As you know, the heat transfer of dark-colored objects is much higher than that of light-colored surfaces.
The conclusion suggests itself: if you need to increase the efficiency of heating a room, it is enough to start by repainting the radiators in dark color. It has been experimentally proven that a battery painted bronze or Brown color, gives 20-25% more heat than a similar white radiator.
However, before painting the entire heating system or part of it, it is recommended to carry out ... wet cleaning! The fact is that a layer of dust significantly reduces the heat transfer of the entire heating system, acting as thermal insulation. Thus, keeping the battery clean is not just a matter of hygiene and aesthetics of the home, but also a simple method to improve its efficiency.
Dust is not the only "enemy" of warm batteries in heating season. Numerous layers of paint on the radiators also serve as thermal insulation. If you have planned redecorating heating systems without replacing its components, then the craftsmen advise removing the previous layers of paint and only then re-painting the pipes and radiators.
Tip: for painting batteries, it is better to choose special enamels with minimal thermal insulation.
DIY heat reflective screen
The battery has one negative property - it heats the air equally in all directions. Thus, some of the heat goes into outer wall. This situation can be improved on your own. To do this, you need to fix a reflective screen on the wall behind the battery. Its role can be played by ordinary foil, which is glued directly to the wall or to the insulation layer.
It is secured with liquid nails. Some homeowners who do not want to spend too much time on this process simply place a piece of foil of the appropriate size behind the radiator, without fixing it with anything.
Instead of foil, you can use black metal surface with corrugated vertical ribs. It absorbs heat, acting as an additional convector.
More sections - more effect
Suppose you are in the process of installing in your house or apartment. Before proceeding with the process of installing radiators, it is very important to make detailed calculations of their power required for a particular room. In order to find out how many sections are needed, use the following data: the volume of the room and the rated power heater. The videos below have step-by-step instruction calculations of these parameters.
If the repair has already been completed, and an error was made in calculating the power of the heating system, the master can always eliminate this oversight by conducting a local reconstruction. Sectional-type batteries are “reinforced” by adding sections, and for panel structures, a different method applies - replacing panels with more powerful ones. Of course, all work of this kind is carried out only in the summer, when the central heating batteries are turned off.
You will not have to pay more for heating if the apartment does not have heat carrier flow meters installed. Regardless of the number of radiators or their size, during the heating season you will pay fixed bills, but at the same time the air temperature in the room will rise significantly.
Tip: in spacious rooms it is better to install multi-section batteries, because with an increase in the area of \u200b\u200bthe radiator, its efficiency also increases.
It should be noted that if the power of the entire system was initially calculated incorrectly, then an increase in the number of heat sources in the network is not the most The best way improve its heat dissipation. By applying this method, you can greatly increase the load on the network.
There are several simpler available ways increase the radiator area without purchasing additional sections. It's about about a screen made of aluminum or protective cover from steel elements that are heated directly from the battery, increasing its area and efficiency.
Additional devices
To solve problems with heating, you can use a fan heater. With it, the efficiency of even a small radiator will be significantly increased. To do this, the appliance is sent directly to the battery. A fan heater or even a simple computer cooler may well be a temporary measure to increase the heat dissipation of batteries, especially for bimetallic and aluminum radiators. This measure allows you to increase the air temperature in the room by an average of 4-5 degrees.
Using a more efficient model
In some situations, efficiency can be improved only by a radical method, replacing them with new ones. Note that even high-quality heating systems after two decades of operation need to be updated due to the fact that their resource is being depleted. Technology does not stand still, which means that older-style radiators use less efficient and energy-intensive materials.
Another important argument in favor of replacing old batteries with new ones is the improved design of the latter. AT modern models the heat transfer area is much larger, in addition, manufacturers have developed innovative radiator parts to increase their performance. We are talking about convection windows in the upper part of the device and vertical ribs.
Summing up, we note that advice experienced craftsmen given in this material will help raise the temperature in the apartment by 2-4 degrees. If you can’t cope with the problem of heating with your own hands, then you will have to resort to the services of professionals. How to calculate the power of the heating system and organize its installation, we will tell in one of following articles. Stay tuned for site updates and see you soon!
Consumption ecology. Homestead: Sometimes it turns out that the batteries do not heat up as they should. Of course, you can change them, but changing batteries in the cold is a dubious pleasure, and such problems arise mainly with the beginning of the heating season.
Sometimes it turns out that the batteries do not heat up as they should. Of course, you can change them, but changing batteries in the cold is a dubious pleasure, and such problems arise mainly with the beginning of the heating season.
It remains to either endure until the summer and freeze, or try, if not solve the problem, then at least reduce it. And this is even more than realistic, and the solution can be either purely technical or just a “cunning”.
What to do if the batteries do not heat up
Number of sections
The first thing to do is to calculate whether there are enough sections of radiators for your room. If there are not enough of them, then there is only one way out - to select the necessary heating radiators and add several sections to the battery.
The standard way to calculate the number of heating radiators:
16sq.m. x 100W / 200W = 8
where 16 is the area of the room,
100W - normative thermal power per 1m²,
200W - approximate power of one section of the radiator (you can see it on the passport),
8 - required amount heating radiator sections
Regulator check
If your battery is equipped with a power regulator, then it is worth checking at what temperature it is turned on. In the spring, there is no need to heat the room strongly and, perhaps, the regulator is at an insufficient temperature now.
Airlock
Check the surface temperature of the battery itself, if it is very hot in one place, and barely warm in another, then, most likely, an air lock interferes with good heating.
Another symptom air lock- incomprehensible noise, gurgling. Modern batteries have a special air release valve (Mayevsky's tap) located at the top of the battery and opened with a flat screwdriver. It is enough just to unscrew the faucet a little, until the sound of air escaping, wait until all the air has escaped and water has flowed, and then tighten the faucet.
Do not forget to substitute something to collect water. If you yourself do not risk or have not found a similar valve in your battery, then call a plumber.
Radiator cleaning
The quality of the battery is very much interfered with by dust and dirt. You can clean it from the outside yourself. It is better to remove the old layer of paint, if there are several of these layers, then the procedure is mandatory, and paint with a special heat-resistant paint, preferably dark (black) in color. Only a plumber using special equipment can clean the battery from the inside.
Decorative casing
A decorative screen (casing) will regulate and increase heat transfer. Moreover, on this moment the choice of screens is wide, they are not easy to fit, but they will decorate any interior. But you need to carefully consider the material from which it is made. A screen made of wood or plastic will not give the desired effect and, on the contrary, will not let some of the heat into the room. In order to make the room warmer, the screen must be chosen from aluminum, it will perfectly conduct heat.
Little tricks to increase the return temperature of heating batteries
The battery needs free air access, remove everything that blocks it, including curtains, you can simply lift them onto the windowsill. An ordinary fan can help the movement of air. Position it so that the flow goes past the battery. Thus, warm air will get deeper into the room faster, and cold - closer to the battery.
Part of the heat is absorbed by the wall behind the battery, to avoid this, you need to isolate this area. Can serve as insulation corrugated cardboard and aluminum foil. Attach this design with cardboard to the wall, and with foil to the battery. Heat reflection will be just fine.
It is not necessary to use improvised means, there are better ones, convenient solutions for thermal insulation. Modern materials, such as polyrex, penofol or isolon, are remarkably insulating, and on the one hand they have a self-adhesive surface, which, of course, will facilitate their installation.
Note. After gluing the insulation, the distance between the battery and the wall should not be less than two centimeters, otherwise the air will not circulate and it will not become warmer. If the distance is not enough, you can simply stick the foil, it is better to keep the distance and not risk sticking a thick layer of insulation.
Batteries can heat poorly if they are installed so that the gap between them and the wall is initially less than two centimeters, in which case it is worth considering their reconstruction, since half of the heat will go into the wall and will not be able to get inside the room.
Application technical solutions can in principle eliminate the need to install new batteries. Thanks to these little tricks, you can simply raise the temperature by a few degrees, if this is not enough for you, then of course you should think about replacing the batteries and external thermal insulation. published
Heat / Heating batteries
The real cold began and the temperature dropped in the apartment? A very common problem. The most popular way to combat the cold in an apartment is to purchase additional electric heaters. However, there are also cheaper options.
Cold in the apartment: what does the legislation say about this?
The regulated air temperature in residential premises in winter is actually not high: 18 degrees in ordinary rooms, 20 in the corner and 25 in the bathroom. The norm cannot be exceeded by more than 4 or underestimated by more than 3 degrees. Changes are allowed only at night: fluctuations in temperature during the day threaten public utilities with administrative penalties. The maximum allowable interruption in heating is 24 hours per month.
At the same time, the one-time pause cannot be more than 16 hours, for each additional cold hour, the payment for heating for residents must be reduced. Failure to comply with established standards is a reason for a complaint to the DEZ, HOA or management company. However, in this case, the penalty on the perpetrators, most likely, will not be imposed. The simplest and effective way: leave a complaint at the city department of the State Housing Inspectorate through hotline or online form.
It's cold in the apartment: how should radiators and risers work?
If the normative 18 degrees seem insufficient, the problem will have to be solved independently. To begin with, it is worth finding out how optimally the radiators work: the entire surface should be warmed up evenly, the overall temperature of the battery and the riser should not differ much.
There can be several reasons for the malfunction: general wear and tear of the heating system at home, a malfunction of a particular radiator, or hard limiters on the thermostat. However, replace the batteries or conduct them overhaul in any case, only summer period when the heating in the house is basically turned off. The standard temperature maximum for radiators is usually set at 35 degrees, but in some cases, a comfort temperature of 17-19 is considered the maximum. The device, as a rule, can be simply reconfigured.
Cold in the apartment: make the batteries work more efficiently
You can easily increase the temperature in the room by 3-5 degrees by installing a fan that will direct the air flow along the battery. Experts note that the operation of the fan in this case will be equivalent to using an additional heater with a capacity of 1 kW. It will be possible to win a few more degrees if you stick a piece of reflective foil or a special heat-reflecting material with shiny surface- penofol. The design will allow more efficient distribution of heated air, reflecting it from the wall. After installing the reflector, the gap between the wall and the battery should not be less than two centimeters, otherwise the disturbed air circulation will provide the opposite effect.
To keep it from being so cold, check the cracks in the windows and doors.
About 30% of the heat escapes through various cracks in windows and doors. At the same time, it makes sense to seal the frames only for owners of ordinary glasses; modern plastic bags are a priori protected from blowing. close gaps in doorways and on the balcony you can use polyurethane foam or woolen cord sealed with a special tape. The shelf life of temporary insulation is very small - only one season.
Cold in the apartment due to cracks in the corners and in the walls
It is more difficult to deal with simple cracks in the corners and walls. The best option- order a thermal imaging study, a picture of the apartment from a special device, which will reflect the warmest and coldest areas of housing. Problem areas can be eliminated based on the results of the study. average cost services in Moscow vary from 4 to 6 thousand rubles, in the regions a thermogram can be ordered for 3 thousand rubles.
Such an operation can prevent more serious expenses - for example, laying a warm floor all over or pasting all the walls with insulating material, because the overall temperature in the room can be reduced only because of one corner.
Sometimes it is difficult to find the optimal model. In most cases, several factors are taken into account - the complexity of installation, service life and heat transfer. The last indicator is the most important, since the efficiency of the device will depend on it.
With the advent of new materials for the manufacture of radiators (aluminum, bimetallic), cast iron receded into the background. But their unique performance characteristics again forced buyers to pay attention to themselves. First of all, these are good performance properties. Unlike aluminum and metal, cast iron can accumulate heat, and when the water temperature drops, the radiators will be warm for some more time.
But back to the issue of heat transfer. You can familiarize yourself with the detailed calculation methodology, which details the calculation methodology and indicates ways to increase this indicator.
Almost all manufacturers indicate the nominal value of thermal conductivity at ideal temperature conditions– 90°С. However, in fact, to achieve this from heat suppliers in apartment buildings problematic.
As a result, the room heating indicators differ significantly from the calculated ones. In this case, you can use a few small "tricks" that can increase the temperature in the room at the current performance of the heating system.
In order to thermal energy not absorbed by the wall, a reflective foil screen can be installed on it.
In this case, the effective heat transfer of the radiator will increase by 5-10%. But at the same time, it is worth remembering that if the wall is external, then without proper heating it can cause heat loss in the room.
Fan installation
Space heating from cast iron radiators takes place by natural convection. To increase the passage of air masses through the sections of the device, you can install a small fan on the wall behind the radiator. This will slightly increase the temperature in the room, but at the same time it will cause the coolant to cool. A similar method can be applied to a central heating system.
Installation of steel decorative casings
They will artificially increase the area of the radiator and will contribute to better heat transfer. At the same time, the heating time will increase, which will affect the inertia of heating the room from autonomous system heating.
These are just a few methods to artificially increase the heat transfer of cast iron radiators. But the most effective will be the observance of the temperature of the coolant. To do this, it is necessary either to improve the quality of services provided management company at central system heating, or make autonomous.
