How to do with a regular magnet. How to make a magnet with your own hands

Surely every person is familiar with the magnet and its properties. The use of magnets is now quite widespread in various industries. Most of us have heard of neodymium magnets and their growing popularity. These are quite powerful magnets, including boron, iron, and the rare earth element neodymium. Also, the magnets are quite powerful for their small size, and their service life is much longer than usual. The price for them is quite high. In this article we will tell you where to get small copies of this magnet.

From the speakers of a broken cell phone

Neodymium magnets can be obtained from the speakers of an unnecessary phone, there are two such speakers: one is auditory, small and large, which plays a ringtone.

A larger magnet is easy to get from the speaker, for this we will need pliers. Carefully break the speaker housing so as not to damage the magnet. Inside we see a small magnet with a diaphragm and a coil.

The magnet from the speaker is almost 2 times smaller than from the main speaker. Although it is small, it holds pliers with ease. Such a magnet can, for example, be magnetized to a screwdriver so that the screws do not fall off it.

From cell phone camera

Tiny neodymium magnets can be removed from a cell phone camera, but only if the camera has optical autofocus or stabilization. Triangular magnets can be removed from the corners of the camera body.

Neodymium magnets can also be found in vibration motors. For example, in the iPhone 4s, the vibration motor resembles a puck, in the center of which is a small, strong neodymium. In micromotors with an armature, most often simple magnets.

From headphones

Almost everyone has old, broken headphones somewhere. Do not rush to throw them away, each earphone has a small Neodymium magnet. They are easy to take apart and take out.

From latches

Very often, neodymium magnets are used in all kinds of magnetic latches on mobile phone cases, handbags, curtain latches, and accessory boxes.

The magnets in the latches are hidden in an iron protection, this is done so that the magnet does not crumble when the latches are pulled.

Conclusion

Neodymium magnets have become very popular in our lives. If you look closely, they surround us everywhere: in mobile phones, computers, engines, various accessories. We tried to show a few places where you can get them. You can use magnets wherever there is enough imagination. We used neodymium magnets in the generator of an eternal flashlight for a dog, as well as as latches on VR glasses, as fasteners for notes on the refrigerator, stuck a magnet on a screwdriver and a screwdriver so that it was convenient to unscrew and tighten the screws.

The unique properties of certain substances have always surprised people with their unusualness. Special attention I was attracted by the ability of some metals and stones to repel or attract each other. Throughout all epochs, this aroused the interest of the sages and the great surprise of ordinary people.

Starting from the 12th - 13th centuries, it began to be actively used in the production of compasses and other innovative inventions. Today you can see the prevalence and diversity of magnets in all areas of our lives. Every time we see another magnet product, we often ask ourselves the question: “So how are magnets made?”

Types of magnets

There are several types of magnets:

Constant;
Temporary;
Electromagnet;

The difference between the first two magnets lies in their degree of magnetization and the time the field is held inside. Depending on the composition, the magnetic field will be weaker or stronger and more resistant to external fields. An electromagnet is not a real magnet, it's just the effect of electricity that creates a magnetic field around a metal core.

Interesting fact: for the first time, research on this substance was carried out by our domestic scientist Peter Peregrin. In 1269 he published The Book of the Magnet, which described unique properties matter and its interaction with the environment.

What are magnets made of?

For the production of permanent and temporary magnets, iron, neodymium, boron, cobalt, samarium, alnico and ferrites are used. They are crushed in several stages and melted, baked or pressed together to obtain a permanent or temporary magnetic field. Depending on the type of magnets and the required characteristics, the composition and proportions of the components change.

Related materials:

How and from what is cement made?

This production allows you to get three types of magnets:

Pressed;
cast;
sintered;

Making magnets

Electromagnets are made by winding wire around a metal core. By changing the size of the core and the length of the wire, the field power, the amount of electricity used and the size of the device change.

Component Selection

Permanent and temporary magnets are produced with different field strengths and resistance to environmental influences. Before starting production, the customer determines the composition and shape of future products, depending on the place of application and the high cost of production. Accurate to the gram, all components are selected and sent to the first stage of production.

Smelting

The operator loads all the components of the future magnet into the electric vacuum furnace. After checking the equipment and matching the amount of material, the furnace is closed. With the help of a pump, all the air is pumped out of the chamber and the melting process is started. Air is removed from the chamber in order to prevent oxidation of the iron and possible loss of field power. The molten mixture is poured into the mold on its own, and the operator waits for it to cool completely. The result is a briquette that already has magnetic properties.

The unique properties of certain substances have always surprised people with their unusualness. Particular attention was drawn to the ability of some metals and stones to repel or attract each other. Throughout all epochs, this aroused the interest of the sages and the great surprise of ordinary people.

Types of magnets

There are several types of magnets:

Constant;
Temporary;
Electromagnet;

Interesting fact: for the first time, research on this substance was carried out by our domestic scientist Peter Peregrin. In 1269, he published The Book of the Magnet, which described the unique properties of matter and its interaction with the outside world.

What are magnets made of?

For the production of permanent and temporary magnets, iron, neodymium, boron, cobalt, samarium, alnico and ferrites are used. They are crushed in several stages and melted together, baked or pressed together until a permanent or temporary magnetic field is obtained. Depending on the type of magnets and the required characteristics, the composition and proportions of the components change.

Related materials:

How and from what is cement made?

This production allows you to get three types of magnets:

Pressed;
cast;
sintered;

Making magnets

Component Selection

Smelting

For many people, the magnet is still a mystery, although people got acquainted with this metal and the phenomenon in principle a very long time ago. Even then, a whole system for the manufacture of various magnets was developed. Today, this is far from uncommon, and even powerful magnets can be made at home.

Creating a magnet from improvised means

Of course, for many, this will even seem like something supernatural and perhaps even a shock, but even now, sitting at home, most people can make a magnet with their own hands. Below are four ways that describe how to make a powerful magnet at home.

Method number 1

The first and probably therefore the easiest way: to implement it, you just need to take any object that can be magnetized (the object must be metal) and draw it several times along the permanent magnet, and this should only be done in one direction. But, unfortunately, such a magnet will be short-lived and will lose its magnetic properties very quickly.

Method number 2

This method of magnetization is performed using a battery or accumulator for 5 or 12 volts. Most often it is used to magnetize screwdrivers and is performed as follows:

A copper wire of a certain length is taken, which will be enough to wrap the screwdriver shaft 280 - 350 times. Best suited wire from transformers, or one that is intended for their production.
The object is isolated, in this case, with the help of electrical tape, the entire screwdriver shaft is wrapped.
The winding itself is performed and it is connected to the battery. One end is positive, the other is negative. The winding should be carried out turn to turn, evenly. The insulation must also be tight.

As a result of these manipulations, it will be much more pleasant to work with a screwdriver. With this operation, you can turn any old unnecessary screwdrivers into a really handy tool.

Method number 3

This option describes how to make a powerful magnet quite in a simple way. In fact, it has already been fully described above, but this particular method implies a different material. In this case, it will be used ordinary metal, or rather a small piece of it, preferably a cubic shape and a more powerful coil. Now the number of turns must be increased by 2-3 times in order for the magnetization to be successful.

Method number 4

This method is very dangerous and is strictly forbidden to be performed by people who are not professionals in the field of electrics. It is carried out strictly in compliance with safety regulations, the main thing to remember is that only you and no one else are responsible for life and health.

He talks about how to strong magnet at home, while spending a small amount of money. In this case, an even more powerful coil wound exclusively from copper will be used, as well as a fuse for a 220 volt network.

The fuse is needed so that the coil can be turned off in time. Immediately after connecting to the network, it will burn out, but at the same time, it will have time to go through the process of magnetization in such a period of time. The current strength in this case will be maximum for the network and the magnet will be powerful enough.

Powerful do-it-yourself electromagnet

First, you need to understand what it is. An electromagnet is a whole device that, when a certain current is applied to it, works like an ordinary magnet. Immediately after cessation, it loses these properties. How to make a powerful magnet from an ordinary coil and iron was described above. So, if you use a magnetic circuit instead of iron, then you will get the same electromagnet.

In order to figure out how to make a strong magnet at home that will work from the mains, you just need to remember a little information from the school physics course and understand that with an increase in the coil, as well as the magnetic circuit, the power of the magnet will increase. But this will require more current to unlock the full potential of the magnet.

But it is neodymium that remains the most powerful, they have all the most desirable properties and, with their strength, have small size and weight. How to make neodymium magnets with my own hands and whether it is possible at all and will be discussed further.

Making a neodymium magnet

Because of complex composition and a special production technique, the question of how to make a neodymium magnet with your own hands at home disappears by itself. But many are still interested in how to make neodymium magnets, because it would seem that if you can make an ordinary magnet, then it is also quite possible to make a neodymium one.

But everything is not as simple as it seems in reality. Serious companies are engaged in the production of such magnets; they use special technologies for very powerful magnetization of the material. And this is in addition to the fact that an alloy that is quite difficult to extract and manufacture is used. Therefore, this question can be clearly answered - no. If someone manages to do this, then he can easily open his own production, since necessary equipment he will already have.

Application of the created magnets

Application for industrial and economic purposes

Used in various electrical appliances. Especially common in devices equipped with speakers. Any dynamic head includes a magnet, ferrite or neodymium, in rare cases others are also used. Magnets are also used furniture production, toys. In production, when filtering bulk materials.

Application at home

Fridge magnets are one of the most common uses for magnets. Also, some use them to stop meters, in order to reduce the fee by public utilities, but doing so is strictly prohibited, and inappropriate.

Conclusion

Based on this article, you can understand how to make a powerful magnet at home, without spending any money on it. special efforts and material resources. But you should not experiment with a powerful network for people who do not understand electricity and generally have no idea how it works, because it is serious and very dangerous for human life.

To date, I have not heard about neodymium magnets, probably only a deaf person. They are made from an alloy - NdFeB, which has excellent magnetic properties (it is not only powerfully magnetized, but also very resistant to demagnetization). It is not difficult to buy neodymium magnets in Moscow, but they can bring a lot of benefits to the household. Consider several non-trivial ways to use such magnets in the household. So,

The simplest and most fun are toys and puzzles. For this, rather weak small magnets are used, usually in the form of balls. Of these, various complex shapes and sculptures. But do not forget that such magnets should NEVER be given to children under 4 years old! A swallowed pair of such magnets, having pinched the wall of the intestine or stomach, can easily cause its perforation with all the consequences.

Neodymium magnets are great for fixing. In principle, a pair of medium magnets are quite capable of replacing table vise. For all that, it is more convenient to use magnets, since they can be used to fix parts of complex shape.

Motorists will probably be interested in using neodymium magnets as an oil filter. If you hang it on the drain plug of the engine crankcase, then it will hold all metal inclusions in this place, which will then be easy to remove.

Due to their strength, such magnets can be successfully used in search activities. For example, to find a fallen needle in a carpet, or a machine gun from the time of the Great patriotic war(special search magnets with an eye for a rope are sold for this). Can also be used to find reinforcement in walls.

WITH long time ago magnets are used by magicians to create the illusion of levitation. With the advent of neodymium, such tricks have reached a new level.

You can also successfully magnetize various steel objects with such a magnet (screwdrivers, bits, needle tweezers, etc.). They can even re-magnetize a demagnetized ordinary magnet.

Fixing inventory and tools. Special holders with magnetic properties will help you in the competent planning of the workspace.

Repairing dents ranging from bodywork to wind instrument repairs.
To delete data from magnetic media (hard drives, audio and video cassettes, credit cards). A powerful magnetic field perfectly removes all information. Fast and without extra effort.

In general, neodymium magnets are simply indispensable assistant in the economy. Only when working with them, especially powerful ones, strictly observe safety precautions. If a finger or another part of the body gets between magnetic objects (I already wrote about children), this can end very badly.

Take care of yourself!
Based on materials: http://neo-magnets.ru/