Sunbathing and solar hardening. What are the benefits of sunbathing and how to prevent the development of melanoma

The sun's rays are vital to us. We all know that under their action, the body produces vitamin D, which is so necessary for strengthening bones and enhancing immunity. But, in addition, the sun gives us the hormone of happiness - serotonin, for its formation the sun is also needed. And the sun also helps to reduce blood pressure, prevents the formation of blood clots.

And at the same time, the sun can be our worst enemy: dry skin, premature wrinkles, sunburn, sunstroke and even skin cancer all cause solar radiation.

In order to get the maximum benefit from the sun and not harm your health, you need to know how to properly sunbathe.

How to sunbathe

Taking sun baths, you must adhere to some rules.

1. Sit in the shade for about 10 minutes before going out into the sun.
2. You should start with 5 minutes: 2.5 minutes for the back and chest. Increase your sun exposure by 5 minutes each day. The maximum time spent in the sun is 1 hour.
3. Lie with your feet facing the sun and be sure to roll over periodically.
4. Don't sleep or read in the sun. You may not notice how long you tan and get sunburn.
5. It is not necessary to sunbathe while lying down. If you are on the move - walking, boating or cycling - the sun's rays also affect you. At the same time, they fall at a smaller angle and their action is softer, which reduces the risk sunburn.
6. For sunbathing best time - morning, before 11 o'clock, and evening - after 4 pm. In the very sun, try not to go out into the sun.
7. Do not sunbathe immediately after eating, but on an empty stomach, being in the sun is harmful.
8. If you have fair skin, it is better to sunbathe not in direct sunlight, but under a canopy or umbrella.
9. Use a protective cream that matches your skin phototype. If you are swimming, apply cream every time you get out of the water.
10. Don't forget about the hat.
11. Take special care in sunbathing by the water and in windy weather. You can get burned easily and unnoticed.
12. After sun exposure, do not go straight into the water; sit in the shade for a few minutes.

Sunbathing for the elderly

For some reason, there is an opinion that it is harmful for the elderly to be in the sun. In fact, the opposite is true. Scientists have found that the more time older people spend outdoors in sunny weather, the lower their risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Only when exposed to the sun should the elderly be careful, especially if they have high blood pressure or they have coronary artery disease.

It is better to take sun baths for the elderly not in the open sun, but in its diffused rays: under an umbrella, in the shade of trees.

Sunbathing for children

It is necessary to understand that the baby's skin is very sensitive to solar radiation, and the younger the baby, the stronger the ultraviolet rays affect it.

Pediatricians do not recommend sunbathing in direct sunlight for infants up to a year. Air baths are suitable for them outdoors, but in the shade in calm weather. The temperature should be above 22 degrees. The duration of the first baths should be 1–2 minutes, then gradually the sessions are lengthened and brought to 30 minutes.

Sunbathing should be started in diffused sunlight: under a light canopy or in a lace shade from the trees, then you can go out into the open sun. Remember to keep your baby's head in the shade. Be sure to protect the child's head with a panama hat, a kerchief with a visor, a hat with brims so that the sun does not get into your eyes.

How long are the baths? First, take the child out in the sun for 1-2 minutes, after 2 days add a minute. The maximum time spent in the sun is 10 minutes. After this, the baby can be doused warm water... If you notice that the child is overheated: the skin turns red, he is naughty, or, conversely, has become lethargic, take him to the shade and give him a drink.

Sunbathing is best done in the morning, before 11:00. Do not sunbathe at temperatures above 30 degrees.

Who benefits from sunbathing

Due to the fact that the sun promotes the synthesis of vitamin D, sunbathing is beneficial for diseases and conditions such as:

• osteoporosis - vitamin D is essential for bone strength;
• caries - the sun is the prevention of caries. Scientists have found that children living in southern countriesare less likely to suffer from this disease;
• age-related decrease in vision - vitamin D slows down age-related macular degeneration of the retina;
• menopause - studies have shown that women who rarely go to the sun (less than 1 hour a week) have menopause 5 years earlier than those who constantly sunbathe. In addition, during menopause, osteoporosis begins to develop, so sunbathing is shown to women during this period.

The sun increases metabolism, and due to this it is beneficial for obese people.

Under the influence of sunlight, testosterone production is increased, so doctors recommend that childless couples take a vacation in warm lands.

The sun's rays dry and disinfect the skin, so sunbathing has a beneficial effect on skin diseases - neurodermatitis, psoriasis, acne.

The increased production of serotonin in the sun reduces the manifestations of depression. This is confirmed by the fact that people in the southern countries suffer from depressive disorders less often than in the north, where the sun is a rare guest.

To whom the sun is contraindicated

Contraindications to sunbathing are:

• cardiovascular diseases with impaired blood circulation;
• oncological diseases;
• organic lesions of the central nervous system;
• significant sclerotic vascular changes;
• increased sensitivity to solar radiation;
• pulmonary tuberculosis in active form.

SUNNY BATHS SUNNY BATHS - medical and hygienic procedure, in which the naked human body (or individual parts of the body) is exposed to more or less prolonged exposure to direct sunlight. Solar radiation contains visible and invisible (infrared and ultraviolet) rays. The influence of these rays on the human body is very great. Correct application sunbathing improves blood circulation and blood composition of a person, soothes nervous system, increases metabolism in the body, improves appetite, sleep, has a beneficial effect on the skin, helps to temper the body. Sunbaths are dosed in absolute units of solar radiation (in calories), the amount of which is determined by a special device - an actinometer. They usually start sunbathing from 5 - 6 feces (about 1.5 feces on each surface of the body: back, chest and sides) and bring up to 30 - 60 fecesadding daily 5 feces, less often more (under conditions temperate climate middle band Soviet Union in the summer, in the morning hours, the initial dose of solar radiation at 5 feces equals 5 minutes of exposure). It is better to take sunbathing in the morning: from 7 - 8 hours to 12 hours (1/2 hour after a light breakfast), when the air is cleaner and less heated (to avoid burns or general overheating, which is especially dangerous for the elderly and children under the age of 5 years, whose body reactions are unstable and imperfect). Before sunbathing, you should consult your doctor. As a preparatory procedure, it is recommended to take several air baths (cm.). When sunbathing, it is necessary to take into account air humidity and wind strength; overheating can be especially easy in calm weather. You can use sunbathing daily for 25 - 35 days, after which it is good to take a break for 1 - 2 weeks.
Sunbathing for therapeutic purposes can be started for a longer time if only that part of the body that is subject to irradiation (legs, arms, chest, lower back) is exposed; the dose is determined by the doctor.
They spend sunbathing on a special area (solarium) or on the beach, where couches are installed (with the foot end facing south) with a raised headboard and a shield or umbrella above it. On the sea or river bank, you can lie on dry sand, spreading a rug or towel. After sunbathing, douche, shower or bathing is recommended, before which it is necessary to cool down for 10 - 15 minutes in the shade.
Excessive sunbathing, especially for tanning (see), it is harmful, as it can cause sunburn, disorders of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, exacerbation of chronic tuberculosis processes, etc.
Persons who are weak, recovering from illness, are prescribed moderate sun treatment through a trellised awning. Sunbathing is absolutely contraindicated for patients with decompensated heart disease, hypertension, active forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, general arteriosclerosis, tumors, and persons with a tendency to bleeding.

Brief encyclopedia household... - M .: Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Ed. A. F. Akhabadze, A. L. Grekulova. 1976 .

See what "SUNNY BATH" is in other dictionaries:

Sunbathing - Dosed irradiation of the skin surface of the body with sunlight as a means of hardening and stimulating immunity in order to increase the overall resistance of the body to the effects of adverse factors environmentand also for warning ... ... Adaptive physical education. Concise encyclopedic dictionary

Baths - I Baths are procedures in which the body is exposed to water, air, sunlight for therapeutic, prophylactic or hygienic purposes. Most often, the term "bath" refers to water procedures; also emit air (see. Aerotherapy) and ... Medical encyclopedia

sun baths - see Solar irradiation ... Big Medical Dictionary

HELIOTHERAPY - (from the Greek. helios sun and therapeia treatment), treatment with sun rays. The beginning of G.'s use refers to the period many centuries before the Khr. e. This method was especially popular among the ancient Greeks and Romans, among whom the necessary part of the terms ... ...

PHOTOTHERAPY - (phototherapy, from the Greek. phos, photos light and therapeia care, treatment). Modern S. is based on acquaintance with the so-called. chem. by the action of light. First of all, the study was subjected to the effect of sowing on bacteria. In 1877 Downes and Blunt (Downes, ... ... Big medical encyclopedia

RESORTS - RESORTS. Contents: Classification ................. 144 History ..................... 145 Resorts of the USSR .... .............. 151 List of resorts in the USSR with a brief description of them ................. 177 Foreign resorts ........ ...... 196 Resorts for ... ... Big medical encyclopedia

Phototherapy - Treatment with bright light is one of the main treatments for seasonal affective disorder. Phototherapy, or light therapy, is a type of treatment in which the patient is exposed to sunlight, or light with certain ... Wikipedia

BABY CHILD - A BABY CHILD. general characteristics features of infancy. Breast age plays a particularly important role in modern pediatrics. Powerful development of knowledge about infant even made some authors talk about highlighting ... ... Big medical encyclopedia

SOLARIUM - (from lat. sol sun), a place for sunbathing; more correct aerosolarium, since every sun bath is one. timed and airy. When sunbathing, in addition to direct sunlight, diffused solar radiation is also used. ... ... Big medical encyclopedia

Preschool age - the period of development of the child from 3 to 6 7 years. During these years, further physical development and improvement of the child's intellectual capabilities take place. Height and body weight. The growth of children in D. in. increases unevenly at first up to 4 6 cm per year, and ... ... Medical encyclopedia

Air baths
Air baths are very useful, they temper the body, improve metabolism, have a beneficial effect on the nervous system, and calm the psyche. Good mood, vigor, sound sleep and excellent appetite - this will be the result of properly performed air therapy.
It would seem that it could be easier than taking air baths - undressed and walk or lie down. However, in order not to harm your body, you should observe simple rules... The greatest effect of air therapy is achieved in the summer between 8-11 and 17-19 hours. Air baths are taken once a day under awnings, on verandas, protected from direct sunlight, in the shade of trees. The time of the first procedures is 10-15 minutes, then it can be increased to 1-2 hours. If the air temperature is below 15 degrees, then taking air baths should be postponed until more auspicious days... "Goose bumps" warns of hypothermia of the body, rather get dressed.
Sunbathing (heliotherapy)
The fashion for skin color has changed at different times. The ancient Greeks white color the skin was considered a sign of ill health, and the father of medicine, Hippocrates, called the sun a medicine for everyone. In the 19th century, beauties hid from the sun's rays under wide margins hats to keep the skin the color of aspirin. But the famous fashion designer Coco Chanel at the beginning of the 20th century established fashion not only for small dresses, but also for tanning. Everyone went to the beach, the cut of the swimwear changed every year, more and more revealing new areas of the body. Finally, the most "advanced" vacationers began to sunbathe without clothes at all, so nudists appeared.
The sun's rays are undoubtedly useful, under their action, the pigment melanin is produced in the skin - the same tan, as well as vitamin D, which prevents rickets. However, it should be remembered that sunbathing should not be taken by people suffering from tuberculosis, vascular sclerosis, hypertension, diseases of the central nervous system, migraines.
It is best to take sunbathing in the summer in the morning hours from 8 to 11 and after the heat of the day has subsided, from 4 to 18 hours. During the first days of rest, you should not stay under open sun more than 5 minutes, otherwise serious burns may occur. Every day you can increase the time spent in the sun by 2-4 minutes. You should know that each person's susceptibility to sunlight is different: blondes react to radiation more strongly than brunettes, children are about a third more sensitive than adults (remember how solar power plants work). Remember that prolonged exposure to the sun in non-seasoned people can cause depletion of the body, along with a bronze tan, they get irritability, headache, sleep disturbance and weight loss.
Sunbaths are taken after air baths, but before swimming in the sea.
Not recommended: wash with soap before sunbathing, as soap degreases the skin and it is easily burned. Before going to the beach, use special cosmetics for sunburn and burns.
Sunbathe on an empty stomach or immediately after eating.
Be in the sun with your head uncovered.
Lie in the sun for a long time. A strong tan dries the skin, which can lead to wrinkles, weakens the nervous system, and has a negative effect on sleep.

BARIATRIA is the most effective method in the world today to Lose weight and maintain WEIGHT after Losing weight.

Summer is probably associated with everyone with the sea, warmth and, of course, the sun. From childhood, we are taught that sunbathing is harmful to the body. Of course, it is impossible to dispute this fact - too large doses of ultraviolet radiation can really do much harm. But in moderation, the sun not only does not harm, but can also provide the body with invaluable benefits!

In fact, the sun's rays have a lot of useful properties:

1. Under the influence of the sun, many pathogenic viruses and bacteria are destroyed. In addition, after a competently conducted course of solar procedures, a person develops.
2. An even moderate tan is also useful. Under a layer of pigment in the body accumulates internal energywhich helps to resist various diseases.
3. Sunbathing is the main source of extremely beneficial vitamin D, which is responsible for most metabolic processes and is involved in the formation of healthy bone tissue.
4. The sun promotes the production of serotonin - the so-called.
5. Even after a short exposure to the sun, a person develops a kind of enlightenment - the brain begins to work more actively, the efficiency increases noticeably, and memory improves.
6. Experts also note that sunbathing contributes to weight loss. Under the influence of sunlight, the gastrointestinal tract begins to function normally, respectively, while fats are broken down faster than usual and proteins are absorbed.

How and when is the best time to sunbathe?

Scientists have conducted many experiments, studying how the sun affects the body, and how to get the most out of contact with it. So, one of the experiments showed that people, sunburned in the morning hours (at 8.00 to 12.00), the body mass index is significantly lower than that of those who did not deny themselves the pleasure of soaking up the sun at any time of the day. True, these data are relevant for the summer. In autumn and spring, the sun is less active and aggressive, so you can safely sunbathe even at lunchtime.

The very first sunbathing procedure should last no longer than a quarter of an hour, after which you should spend a few minutes in the shade. Increase the duration of the procedures gradually - by five minutes a day. Sunbathe alternately on your stomach, then on your back. It is advisable to cover your head during the procedures.

"The sun, like a dear mother, will never offend" This proverb, put the sun and mother on the same level, and one cannot but agree with this. The sun, indeed, like mother, will both praise us and can scold us. Will beneficial features on our body, but also, with strong love - to bring harm. The sun always makes us happy, we miss it on winter days, we wait for spring to come, then summer. Vacations will come, and it will be possible to sunbathe a little under a bright and warm light.

Doctors do not advise spending a lot of time under the bright sun, especially in the afternoon. All these walks can result in burns or heatstroke. Such complications are more difficult for children. But this does not mean at all that you need to give up the sun's rays. So that our joy is not darkened, it is necessary to know what pluses and minuses we get from our love for this “hot” planet.

The benefits of the sun and sunbathing

Everyone's noticeable benefit from the sun is in regulating our daylight hours, or in scientific terms, the sleep cycle. Sunbathing gives us vitamin D. It is known that this component comes to us with food ( chicken eggs, butter, Cheddar cheese, cream, whole milk powder), but in order for it to transform, chemical transformations are needed.Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation on our skin, a group of vitamins - ferols is activated, as a result of which calciferol is produced, which is familiar to us under the name - vitamin D. This useful element regulates the absorption of many minerals, participates in the metabolism of phosphates and calcium.All these actions normalize the functioning of the kidneys, intestines, parathyroid glands, stabilize the skeletal system, skeleton, prevent osteoporosis, and have an antibacterial effect on us.

By itself, ultraviolet radiation also helps us and when used in small doses can be beneficial. It heals small wounds, dilates blood vessels, which leads to high-quality blood circulation. It has a beneficial effect on the condition of the skin - acne disappears, becomes elastic, healthy. Do not avoid the sun's rays, as each time you substitute your skin, you get ultraviolet light, thereby, the body produces pigment that can scatter and absorb these rays. And with the resulting tan, your skin shows that you are protected from radiation.

The radiation cannot be seen with an ordinary eye, it is outside the range of the spectrum visible to us. But science has proven that he has three divisions - A, B and C. Two of them act on us harshly and can harm us. These are rays B - they "work" in the middle of the day, so it is not advisable to walk from 12 noon to 15-16 hours; group C - mostly climbers are familiar with it - it acts high on the tops of mountains, it is considered very harmful; Ray A, which occurs in the evening, is considered the softest and most harmless. In this regard, it is best, and more useful, to sunbathe in the evening, after 18 hours, less problems and the skin color is beautiful, even.

In medicine, this ultraviolet is used in cosmetology (keep in mind that during frequent drying with a UV device, when extending nails, you can get skin cancer), dentistry (it is harmless for the patient, but doctors need to be careful), dermatology. A device created by physicists, with the help of light, treats severe forms of tuberculosis, psoriasis, and pustular diseases.

Excess sun damage

As a rule, the most common harm from sunlight that we encounter is burns on our body. They appear because we forget and for a long time we spend under the sun, and then there is pain and burning, we notice redness. Areas of skin begin to peel off. These are all signs of sunburn. Our skin is divided into five phototypes, and each of them has a different perception of ultraviolet radiation. Light people are at risk. They have phototypes 1 and 2 of the skin and the sun's rays are most dangerous for them, they dry out their skin, signs of premature aging appear, and they are destroyed useful material, proteins. Exposure to the sun threatens them with disease - melanoma, skin cancer. These are blondes, and red, light-eyed, often with freckles can also be attributed to them.

Also, the sun can harm the eyes and brain. In the first case, from exposure to sunlight on our vision, you can get a burn of the retina. The best defense - these are sunglasses, which are an important accessory in winter and summer. Heatstroke is caused by being under the scorching sun with your head uncovered. Symptoms are high fever (40-41 gr.), Nausea, headache, possibly loss of consciousness. Sometimes, heatstroke can lead to lethal outcome.

From all of the above, we see that vitamin D plays a significant role in many processes in our body. Avoiding exposure to the sun and hiding from ultraviolet rays, we may have a lack of this vitamin, which will lead to a decrease in immunity.

We all dream of summer, we plan trips to the sea ... In order for a walk on the beach to bring you a good mood, with the editors of the website www.site we advise you to consume more liquid, not stand in the sun, apply sunscreen on your skin, determine your skin phototype, use a headdress, umbrella. Do not forget that sunbathing is best taken in moderation, but we have just discussed the benefits and harms of the sun! Remember that during treatment and when taking medications, a drop can be a medicine, and a spoon can be poison? This is exactly what happens with sunbathing!