Tree stitching. Brushing wood with your own hands: how to artificially age a tree

Brushing (or structuring) is a method of decorative wood finishing by artificial aging. The process of processing the material is not particularly difficult, so every home craftsman can brush wood with his own hands, using the step-by-step instructions of specialists and a tool suitable for the procedure.

Technology and Applications

The brushing procedure is used to give the wood a vintage look.

The main purpose of brushing is to give an ordinary tree the appearance of an old material by processing with tools. During surface treatment, soft fibers of a light shade are removed. After that, the surface becomes embossed, which is inherent in old wood.

During processing, the degree of soft tissue removal varies. Depending on the purpose, the depth of roughness can be from 0.5 to 2-3 millimeters. Deep processing is carried out when they want to give the effect of deep aging. The solid surface of the tree is exposed, it can be seen beautiful texture. Optimal is surface treatment to a depth of 0.5 to 1 millimeter.

The natural aging of wood reduces the strength of wood. Artificial brushing helps to increase the strength of lumber, prevents rotting and the formation of fungus. Such properties are given to the tree by treatment during the process with special antiseptic compounds.

To emphasize the relief, after removing the soft fibers, the surface is coated with color-imparting compounds. The tree is stained with shades of two tones so that the relief becomes as eye-catching as possible.

Brushing is a popular way of processing interior wood. Designers use it in the following cases:

in the manufacture of stairs;
in furniture production;
when processing floorboards;
in the manufacture of finishing lining.

Only wood species with a multilayer structure are subjected to such processing. An excellent result is obtained after brushing larch, spruce, oak. The structure of these rocks allows you to get unique rich drawings of a living tree.

Varieties with an implicit structure are unsuitable for brushing: cherry, maple, beech, alder, birch, teak. The fine-fiber structure of the wood of these tree species does not allow obtaining the effect of layering, therefore, decorativeness cannot be achieved by brushing.

Types of brushing

To obtain a more embossed surface, a mechanical brushing method is suitable.

There are two ways to process a tree to reveal its structure:

Mechanical. Wood is treated with a special tool that removes soft fibers and devices for polishing the surface.
Chemical. It consists in processing wood with special compounds (alkalis, acids, etc.), which corrode soft fibers.

The use of these types of brushing allows you to achieve different results. The mechanical method allows you to get a relief surface, the chemical one - smoother.

One of the techniques used by craftsmen is a combination of chemical and mechanical processing. Chemically, rough processing of wood is carried out, removing soft fibers. Further finishing and polishing is done mechanically.

Burning

Brushing by annealing gives the surface greater strength

One type of brushing is wood burning to remove soft tissue. The wood is burned with a blowtorch or gas burner, then washed and coated with oil polishing compounds.

With this brushing option, there is no need for subsequent tinting of the product, since the tree acquires a dark shade. If desired, burnt wood can be coated with colored stain.

A tree that has gone through fire and water becomes not only beautiful, but also more durable. It is practically not exposed to rotting or damage by insects, therefore it is often used for finishing facades and building fences. It is not necessary to paint such a fence, since the burnt boards do not change their quality for more than a dozen years.

Modern designers use fire-treated wood for interior decoration and furniture making. Not everyone likes things that look like after a fire, but they look stylish and very unusual.

DIY brushing tools

The process of artificially structuring wood is not difficult if you use the right tool to carry it out.

brushes

When choosing a mechanical brushing method, brushing brushes are indispensable

A brush-brush is a special tool for mechanical brushing by hand. These are coarse metal brushes with steel or brass bristles. It is preferable to choose a tool with a wide end part, close in shape to the roller. This shape will allow you to evenly treat the surface.

The thickness of the wire is chosen depending on the type of wood. The pile should be thinner than soft fibers by 7-10 times. Brushes with straight bristles are preferable to curly ones. If necessary, the ends of the wire are cut off - this technique allows you to make the brush more rigid.

Kratsovki remove the main part of the soft fibers from the tree. Surface roughness is removed with special nylon brushes with abrasive powder pressed into the bristles. Sanding with synthetic brushes removes the hairiness of the wood, preparing the surface for subsequent polishing and painting.

The cost of synthetic brushes for brushing is quite high, but it is advisable to purchase them. They allow you to carefully prepare the surface for finishing polishing and do the job efficiently.

For final polishing, brushes with woolen or sisal bristles are used. They give the surface maximum smoothness and a finished look.

After roughing, before finishing cleaning and polishing, the wood must be dried. Polishing a wet surface will cause the fine fibers to rise and break, ruining the appearance material.

Machine tools and machines

A brushing machine is needed if a large amount of wood is to be processed.

If it is necessary to process large volumes of material, it is advisable to use brushing machines. Specialists producing mass processing of wood use stationary brush machines. Round brushes are supplied with them for phased processing of the board:

from steel wire- for primary processing;
from synthetic pile - for intermediate stripping;
from sesal - for finishing polishing.

The most popular models of machines and special machines:

Router FESTOOL RUSTOFIX RAS 180 with a set of brushes.
Machine Makita 974, equipped with nylon and abrasive brushes. The disadvantage of this model is the difficulty of processing corners.
Grinding machine Felisatti AGF 110/1010E. A more advanced model for processing even and uneven surfaces. This model comes with a metal and nylon brush.

When choosing a specific model, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of purchasing additional brushes of a suitable design.

The purchase of a special machine for performing one-time work is impractical, since home craftsmen use grinders for smooth surfaces and angle grinders for processing joints to process wood. To equip grinders, special brush nozzles are purchased, similar to those intended for machine tools.

Brushing steps: step by step instructions

The sequence and correctness of actions during the structuring of wood is a guarantee of obtaining the desired result. Violation of the recommendations will lead to damage to the material. In general, the process consists of processing the board with a metal brush, grinding and polishing.

Scheme of work home master next:

Preparatory stage. Before starting work, the surface of the board is checked for moisture levels. If it is too wet, then you need to dry it. Too dry - moisturize.
Processing with a hard brush-kartsovka. At this stage, it is important to evaluate the selection of bristle stiffness. For the efficiency of processing, it is important to ensure that the brush removes only the soft tissues of the wood, without disturbing the structure of the hard ones. Having selected the optimal hard, depending on the type of wood, you can start roughing. The surface is treated along, in the direction of the fibers. If processing grinder, the rotation speed is adjusted on a separate sample.
Sanding with a synthetic brush. The abrasive brush is intended for high-quality processing of wood. With its help, all fibers and roughness remaining after roughing are removed. As a rule, one or two passes over the surface are sufficient. Movements, as in roughing, are performed along the fibers. At this stage, you can give the surface a more decorative effect by deepening some of the grooves with a chisel.
Wood polishing. The final stage of grinding is to make the surface smooth. Work with a sesal brush or fine-grained sandpaper. Careful polishing makes the surface perfectly smooth.

Video: Brushing a tree with your own hands

Staining - the final touch in the wood brushing process

Coating the surface of brushed wood with paint or tinting composition gives a special decorative effect. Staining is carried out with a brush or sponge. During the process, carefully monitor whether the fibers rise. If villi are noticed on the surface, it is additionally polished with fine-grained sandpaper.

The easiest coloring option is stain treatment. It quickly penetrates into the soft layers of wood remaining on the surface, without affecting the hard fibers. The result is a relief structure with a special decorative effect.

The original look has wood, covered with a golden or silver coloring matter. Pigment particles clog into depressions and microcracks, which subsequently glare in the sun.

An interesting coloring technique is the arrangement of tones, which repeats the play of light and shadow on the relief. The recesses are painted in a dark tone, the ridges in a light tone. Painting is carried out as follows:

A rich dark varnish or paint is applied to the entire surface.
The coated surface is wiped with a sponge or rag, removing paint from hard fibers where it has not had time to soak.
If large areas are painted, wait for the applied layer of varnish to dry, and then treat the surface with a petal disc with a grain size of 400 to 800. The bulges after this treatment are lightened, then they are covered with a colorless or light varnish.

Another option for coloring is to cover the upper tier with dark varnish, and the cavities with light lacquer. In this case, a dark varnish is applied to the surface and dried well. Then apply a light composition and remove its excess rubber spatula. As a result, a dark substrate appears on the ridges.

With some woodworking skills and the right tools, you can brush your own hands and get great results. Structured wood products have increased decorativeness and give the interior an exclusive, expensive look.

Artificially aged wood is a unique finishing material. Practical, inexpensive, fully retaining its strength characteristics, but at the same time possessing original beauty and the charm of antiquity. The scope of such a tree is wide: interior design, furniture manufacturing, facade decoration, arbors, stairs, even fences are made from it. The most important thing is that wood processing does not require special knowledge or experience, and anyone can handle it. Let us consider in more detail how to age a tree on your own, and what is needed for this.

There are three effective ways to age wood - mechanical, chemical and thermal. Depending on the chosen method, the final result has certain differences.

The mechanical method includes two types of processing - brushing and patination. Both types can be used together or separately, depending on the material and desired result:

brushing - the surface is treated with a metal brush to remove soft fibers and expose annual rings. As a result of this processing upper layer acquires a pronounced relief, which is additionally emphasized by the application of glazing compositions. This method is the most time-consuming and is used mainly for hardwoods - pine, larch, spruce, oak, walnut;

patination - surface treatment with coloring compositions, followed by polishing. It is used for soft woods, as well as wood with a slightly pronounced texture - maple, cherry, beech and others. Wood wax and stain can be used along with the paint to give a brighter pattern.

Chemical method consists in processing the top layer of the tree with various compounds that change the color of the fibers. Suitable for this ammonia and products containing alkali, such as stove or drain cleaner. This method can only be used for rocks containing tannins, that is, hardwoods. Chemical treatment of coniferous wood will not give the desired effect.

The thermal method is the firing of wood with a gas burner or blowtorch. The type of tree does not matter. They do not burn much, if only the texture of the fibers appears more clearly, and then the carbon deposits are removed with a metal brush. Next, cover the surface with a stain or varnish to give the wood more decorative look. In general, the process is not difficult, but requires caution and safety.

brushing technology

Tools and materials for processing

In the process of work you will need:

hand planer;
chisel or small hatchet;
steel brush;
angle grinder with brush attachments;
sandpaper, large and small;
paint brushes;
dense sponge;
tinting antiseptic for wood (for example, "Pinotex");
white azure;
brush with soft bristles.

Prices for cordless drill/driver

Cordless Drill

Rough cleaning should be done with a steel bristle bristle, but nylon and copper bristles are better for finishing. There is a special nozzle called "Piranha". It is a polymer-abrasive brush that can effectively remove soft fibers from the surface and leave hard ones. The grinder can be replaced with a drill, such nozzles are also produced for it. In extreme cases, you can get by with a hand tool, but this is long and tedious.

Piranha brush

The wood should be dense, strong, not damp. Resinous boards should also not be taken, as the resin makes processing difficult. The presence of knots is welcome, as they make the pattern more pronounced and decorative. In the absence of experience in such work, take a small piece of unplaned board or timber, up to half a meter long.

In the process of such work, a lot of fine dust is always formed, so it is best to do it on fresh air. If the weather does not allow, take care of the possibility of airing the room and be sure to prepare a protective mask or at least goggles.

Step 1. The workpiece is laid on a flat surface and processed with a manual planer. It is better not to use an electric tool, as it leaves small transverse stripes, which reduces the naturalness of the pattern.

Step 2 With the help of a chisel or a corner of an ax over the entire surface, you need to make chaotic chips, shallow and shapeless, to give the material a rougher look.

Step 3 Now with a metal brush you need to tear off the soft fibers. The brush should be driven only along the fibers, pressing the tool against the board with force.

Advice. To reduce dust generation, it is recommended to lightly dampen the surface of the workpiece with water. But before grinding and impregnation, the tree must be dried.

Step 4 When the relief begins to appear, the manual brush is replaced with a grinder with a metal brush, and work continues. The nozzle should be located perpendicular to the surface to be treated, movements should be performed strictly along the fibers. If you do not need too rough relief, take a Piranha brush or a nylon bristle brush right away and do not press hard on the tool during work. Wormholes and knots on the tree go around the perimeter to emphasize the contours.

Step 5 With a soft brush sweep the resulting dust, and then proceed to grinding. You can sand the tree by hand or with a grinder, the main thing is to remove protruding fibers and sharp protrusions. In conclusion, the workpiece is once again cleaned of dust.

Step 6 Now the material needs to be given color. To do this, the surface is first coated with a Pinotex primer, which is applied with a brush along the fibers. You can use both stain and dark azure - any coating with color that will not hide the texture.

Step 7 After applying the composition to the workpiece, give it a few minutes to soak, and then gently wipe the top layer with a sponge. It is not necessary to rub strongly, it is enough to gently rub 2-3 times along the fibers. After that, all the recesses will remain darker than the protruding edges, and the relief will appear more clearly.

A distinctive feature of good quality stains is that they show the texture of wood.

Then there are two options: leave this color and cover the wood with a transparent varnish or add another layer and give the material the look of an old bleached wood. The second option is suitable for processing elements in the Provence style. To do this, wait until the impregnation is completely dry, and apply white azure with a brush in a very thin layer. After it dries, the wood is lightly sanded with the finest sandpaper, cleaned of dust and covered with a colorless varnish.

This method is also used: after brushing, the workpiece is covered with a dense layer of white glaze, dried and brushed again with a metal brush, but now not so intensively. Finally, a layer of clear varnish is applied.

Applying white paint

To make a dark tree, and not bleached, instead of white azure, the surface is thickly covered with stain or Pinotex, and the layer is made uneven. Next, use a brush or sandpaper, depending on what kind of finish you want to get. Sanding gives light blurry scuffs, and after the brush, rough grooves remain and the tree looks more brutal.

Prices for various types of stains

How to make patination

Primary processing is carried out according to the technology described above: soft fibers are removed, a relief is given and the surface is polished. Only after that, the workpiece can be patinated.

Step 1. Take any wood primer and carefully apply it with a brush to the wood. The primer should penetrate well into all grooves and recesses. Allow the workpiece to dry.

Step 2 Apply the first coat of paint. Best fit acrylic paint, since it is not prone to peeling, fits well on the surface, does not leave streaks.

The choice of color depends only on your preferences, you can take any shades, the main thing is that they are saturated and contrast with the patina shade. The paint is applied with a brush, evenly distributing the composition in a thin layer. The base coat must dry completely, so they take a break from work for a day.

Step 3 Sand the workpiece with fine sandpaper. Wipe the dust and apply a layer of patina with a brush. Patina for wood is best chosen in the color of bronze or gold, with a metallic tint. Here it is not necessary to evenly distribute the paint, on the contrary, the difference in coating density will only emphasize the effect of aging.

Step 4 When the patina begins to set, you need to take a dry rag and wipe certain areas. After the paint has dried, the wood is covered with a transparent varnish.

Types of patina for wood

Composition type	Characteristics
	Water-soluble composition, characterized by slow drying, odorless and a wide variety of shades. Easy to apply and blend, perfectly emphasizes the surface relief
	Very thick composition with a pearly sheen. It is applied to protruding areas with a dry brush, in recesses - with a sponge. Easily rubbed and gives maximum effect antiquity
	The composition is dark brown, most often used for shading relief. Easy to apply with a brush, does not spread, rubs well with a soft cloth
	It has a paste-like consistency, applied with a dry brush or thick cloth. Considered the most the best option for wood patination

Thermal aging

First of all, take care of safety precautions. When firing wood, there should be no flammable objects and liquids nearby, and it is better to carry out such work in general in the fresh air. Be sure to check the condition of the burner or blowtorch.

Prices for various types of gas burners and blowtorches

Gas burners and blowtorches

Step 1. The workpiece is placed on a non-combustible surface or installed vertically, after which they proceed to firing with a burner. The material is treated as evenly as possible, the top layer should be charred by about 2-3 mm in thickness.

Step 2 After cooling, the charred soot is removed manually with a brush or with a grinder. The intensity and duration of this treatment depends on the desired texture.

Step 3. Having formed the desired relief, they take a grinding nozzle and process the workpiece again. Here it is important not to overdo it and not remove the excess, otherwise the aging effect will be insignificant.

Step 4 Since the color of the wood has changed during firing, dark and light areas have appeared, there is no need for painting. Now it remains only to cover the material with a colorless varnish or protective impregnation.

The use of chemically aggressive substances requires special care and accuracy in work. Be sure to use protective gloves, and the room should be well ventilated. The workpiece is pre-treated with coarse sandpaper and wiped from dust. Then applied with a brush alkaline agents or ammonia and leave for several hours. To slow down drying, you can cover everything with a film on top. Under the influence of ammonia and alkalis, the surface acquires a gray tint, characteristic of old weathered wood.

When the color of the workpiece has completely changed, it is rinsed with water, and then wiped with vinegar solution (a tablespoon in a glass of water) to remove the remaining alkali. If ammonia was used, the vinegar solution is not needed. After drying, the wood is brushed, sanded and a protective coating is applied. It is not necessary to paint such material, because then the meaning in chemical processing disappears, and it is easier to do everything mechanically.

Outdoor use of aged wood

Such a decorative material is great for decorating facades in a rustic style. First of all, this is the German half-timbered style: the original wall decoration involves the use wooden beams rough texture, giving the building a characteristic appearance.

Country-style decoration also allows the use of aged wood: this is the sheathing itself, and shutters, and front doors, as well as decorative elements.

Railings, steps, support pillars at the porch - all this can also be made using the described wood processing methods. Having practiced on small pieces, you will be able to special efforts cope with any surface. Of course, large-volume elements, such as cladding for a house, are not so easy to process manually, but there are special machines for sale for this. The most important thing is to have a desire, and then everything will definitely work out.

Video - How to age a tree

Video - Wood patination

Video - Wood aging by firing

Video - Chemical way of aging wood

Citizens who have lived all their lives in the metal dungeons of the stone jungle are gradually losing interest in faceless urban interiors, giving preference to classic, vintage and rustic styles characterized by emphasized individuality. An integral part of these interiors is wood - a popular finishing material, thanks to which they acquire uniqueness and original beauty. However, there are tricks here too - if country - and eco-styles are often complemented by wood in its original natural form, then within the vintage and even classic styles an aged tree that has a more attractive and noble appearance will be more appropriate. Almost any element of the interior can be made from it: it can be a vintage lamp, a wooden chest of drawers exuding comfort, or the classic use of wood in the interior - the manufacture of window sills and doors. Under natural conditions, the aging process of wood takes more than one year, intricate patterns on its surface are formed slowly and unevenly, which makes aged wood a rare and expensive material. However, technology does not stand still, and over time, a method of artificial aging of wood, called brushing, was developed. Interest in this method of processing wooden surfaces is shown not only by lovers of elite vintage furniture, but also by owners of suburban areas who have decided to diversify the interior decoration of country houses. Given the relevance of the problem, in this article we will consider the essence of the wood brushing process, the main varieties and tools necessary for its implementation, and also tell you how to brush wood with your own hands.

Wood aging: basic information

If you carefully consider the appearance of wood on the cut, you can see a peculiar pattern - annual rings, in which dark and dark colors alternate. bright hues. This pattern is based on the alternation of hard (dense) and light (loose) fibers, while the latter are more susceptible to time and aggressive climatic factors, which leads to their gradual wear. This is how the formation of annual rings occurs, which over time not only acquire density and contrasting shades, but also a visible volume. This is the basis of the natural aging of wood - a process that takes more than one decade. Thanks to the lightning-fast development of innovative technologies, there is now a unique opportunity to artificially accelerate the process of wood aging. You can put this into practice using the brushing method, which got its name from the English word brush - brush. In Russian there is a similar term, which is referred to as "wood structuring".

What is wood brushing: the essence of the method

Brushing is a method of artificial aging of wood, which involves the use of specialized tools and techniques. The brushing technique is based on mechanical restoration wood with special metal brushes, with which the softest upper fibers of the material are removed. Thanks to this technique, the solid surface of the wood is exposed, on which the texture of the material and the structure of growth rings are clearly visible, and a beautiful relief is formed, emphasizing aesthetic appearance finishing material. However, the brushing process does not end there. To emphasize the relief and make the structure of the wood even more distinct, it is highlighted with a color that gives saturation to natural shades. To do this, uneven coloring of the surface treated with a metal brush is carried out, while the cavities formed as a result of the removal of soft fibers are painted in darker shades, and the texture surface - in lighter ones. Thanks to this technique, the relief of wood becomes as noticeable as possible.

Important! In order for artificially aged wood to acquire the maximum resemblance to the material, the aging of which occurred in the natural environment, experts recommend painting the previously brushed material in grey colour. Without waiting for the paint to dry completely, it is smeared from the relief surface. Thanks to this technique, it will give the impression that products made of artificially aged lumber have stood in the open for at least 10 years.

Important! If natural aging adversely affects the performance of wood, weakening its structure, then due to artificial aging, carried out by brushing, the material acquires additional strength.

The artificial structuring method can be used in the processing of both hardwood and softwood. The main requirement that the wood to be brushed must meet is the presence of a clearly defined texture and clearly visible layers of varying hardness. These materials include oak, pine, walnut, larch, wenge and ash.

As for alder, cherry, birch, teak, maple and beech, brushing will prove to be ineffective for these species, since distinctive feature of these trees is a fine-fibered structure without pronounced layering.

Advantages of artificially aged wood

Wood that has undergone artificial structuring acquires an original appearance that meets the latest fashion trends;
Brushed wood acquires resistance to decay and the effects of various insects;
By brushing wood with your own hands (the video presented in the article will simplify this process), you can independently make a lot of exclusive things that will not only last a long time, but also emphasize the exclusivity of any interior;
By decorating common and fairly cheap lumber, you can create an artificial imitation of exotic woods, the cost of which far exceeds the original price of raw materials.

Wood brushing tools

At first glance, the process of artificial structuring of wood may seem complicated, but even an inexperienced craftsman can do it if he has a certain set of tools at his disposal to save time and effort spent on work. In addition, it should be noted that brushing wood can be done both manually and mechanized, which is largely determined by the tool used. Depending on the method by which wood is brushed, the tool is of the following types:

Tools for hand brushing wood

Manual metal brushes, characterized by different thickness and stiffness of the bristles, are used for the primary processing of wood. The stiffness of the bristles is determined by the length of the wire, the longer it is, the softer the bristles. When choosing a brush for brushing wood, try to give preference to tools with the most rigid metal bristles. If necessary, it can be trimmed with a grinder, so that the pile will become even more rigid. Using a brush for brushing wood, it is necessary to move its bristles along the fibers in exactly one direction. With this technique, you will be able to remove the soft fibers from the surface of the wood, leaving the hard fibers intact;

hand chisel- a tool with which you can apply deep longitudinal grooves of various curvatures in wood fiber. With skillful use with the help of a chisel, it is possible to achieve maximum realism of artificially structured wood by applying sufficiently deep cracks that create the effect of cracking the material;
Sandpaper with a coarse grain is also used in the process of brushing wood and allows you to emphasize the texture of the material, making the natural pattern more clear. The technique of using sandpaper is similar to the technique of using a manual brush - it is also moved along the fibers with pressure, as a result of which grooves are formed on the surface of the wood, the structure of which is similar to the structure of natural fibers. By choosing the right abrasive grit and using sandpaper with different grits, you can achieve different depths and degrees of severity of the furrows;
Bulgarian, equipped with special brush attachments for brushing wood - another tool that is used for brushing wood. At the same time, at the initial stage, nozzles with metal pile are used for rough surface treatment, and for the final stage - with copper and sisal pile. Currently, a special nozzle for brushing wood "Piranha", which is an abrasive-polymer brush, is widely in demand. By using this tool, you can selectively remove fibers, focusing only on the soft fibers and not on the hard fibers.

Important! When working with an abrasive-polymer brush, it is necessary to ensure that the treated wood surface does not burn when working at high speeds. To avoid this, you need to purchase a speed controller.

Important! After performing the primary surface treatment, experts recommend using a kerosene burner, with which the material is fired. Remember that a gas burner is not used for these purposes. Burning the wood surface with a kerosene burner contributes to:

removal of small wood fibers;

drying the top layer of wood;

highlighting and emphasizing the natural structure of wood.

Process automation: machines and machines for brushing

On the scale of production, the volume of work is many times higher, and therefore, it becomes necessary to automate the process, which involves the use of special machines. This helps to simplify the work on the manufacture of aged wood, and also reduces time costs, allowing you to perform large amounts of work in a short period of time.

If you want to purchase special machines for wood brushing at home, it only makes sense if you plan to do a lot of work. Consider the most common models of specialized equipment for brushing wood.

Cleaning mill or the so-called brush machine for brushing wood FESTOOL RUSTOFIX RAS 180. Three brushes are supplied with this device:

1. The first brush made of steel wire, which is used for the primary processing of wood;

2. Second synthetic bristle brush for intermediate sanding;

3. The third - from sisal is used for polishing the treated surface.

Grinding machine Makita 974 can also be used for brushing wood, however, in the process of working with it, difficulties may arise associated with the processing of corner areas. In this regard, at the joints between the walls and the floor, it is necessary to additionally use an angle grinder equipped with nozzles;

Grinding machine Felisatti AGF 110/1010E can be used for processing both relatively flat and uneven surfaces. Metal and nylon brushes are supplied with this device. It has an analogue - the Interskol grinder, brushing wood using which will be greatly simplified if you follow the instructions presented in our article.

Brushing Wood: A Step-by-Step Guide

If you are not a guru in the field of wood brushing, a master class and advice from our experts will help you learn more about this wood processing technique.

Let us consider in more detail the process of brushing wood.

Before proceeding with the primary processing of the material, slightly moisten the selected workpiece, which will prevent the formation of wood dust during work. Prepare a working tool - a manual brush. For effective implementation work, make sure that the tool meets the minimum requirements - the brush must qualitatively remove soft surface fibers without disturbing the structure of hard fibers. Choosing the hardness of a manual brush for brushing wood empirically, use it to rough the material. During operation, the hand brush should be moved along the direction of the fibers.

Important! If you decide to automate the process and carry out brushing with a grinder or grinder equipped with special brushes, remember that the movements of the tool fixed to the grind are also made along the fibers, and the rotation speed must be selected in advance on a small sample of material, since for different types of wood this technical parameter can vary significantly.

After you have made the primary hard processing of wood, replace the working tool with a polymer nozzle with an abrasive coating, using which you can grind the material, removing the remnants of soft fibers from its surface. After you have got rid of unnecessary roughness, evaluate the volume and quality of the work done, making sure that the quality of structuring meets your expectations. If the result does not suit you, experts advise to make the structuring more distinct by deepening the previously made grooves on the surface of the wood. At this stage, for the first time, you can think about the decorative design of the surface of the material and, using a chisel, add additional recesses and grooves, giving them the appearance of cracks that have appeared. naturally.

The next step is the final polishing, for which you will need a sisal brush. If you plan to do it by hand, prepare sandpaper with a fine grit abrasive surface, with which you will get a perfectly smooth surface of the workpiece. After that, the resulting workpiece must be dried and cleaned of dust, thereby preparing it for subsequent painting and varnishing.
For the decorative design of brushed wood, experts recommend using golden or silver paint, during the application of which the particles of the coloring pigment will clog into the microcracks of the wood, due to which glare will appear on its surface in sunny weather. If you want to give the material a unique luxury and a presentable appearance, patinate it (paint over the deepest cracks with darker paint).

Important! Stain can be used as a coloring composition. To do this, generously apply it to the surface of the material and quickly remove the excess. Thanks to this technique, the soft fibers will absorb the paint, acquiring a darker shade, while the hard ones will remain light.

After staining the wood, re-polish it, which will smooth out all the bumps that appeared after staining.
After thoroughly washing, cleaning and drying the workpiece, you can varnish it. To do this, you should use a specially designed parquet varnish, so that the material will retain its original appearance and performance for a long time.

Chemical brushing of wood

Unlike mechanical brushing of wood with the help of chemistry, it is considered the most rare type of artificial structuring. Despite the fact that the use of chemically active compounds facilitates the brushing process, their widespread use is limited by the need for special knowledge and skills of the master working with chemicals. In addition, there may be difficulties with the acquisition of chemistry.

For chemical brushing of wood, acids (sulphuric and hydrochloric), alkalis and other caustic chemicals (ammonia) are used. After they are applied to the surface of the material, they corrode the soft fibers, and it remains only to scrape off unnecessary wood.

The sequence of work for chemical brushing is as follows:

Produce grinding of the surface of the material and cleaning from contamination;
A thin layer of the chemical used for brushing is applied to the surface to be treated;
In the process of work, it is important to monitor the evaporation of the chemical and, if necessary, re-apply;
After Chemical substance will soften the outer fibers, the workpiece is washed under running water and use a soft brush to remove chemical residues;
Then the wood is thoroughly dried, after which they proceed to staining and applying varnish.

Wooden products, for the manufacture of which brushed wood was used, will become an original addition to classic and vintage interiors, perfectly fitting into the main stylistic concept. Aged wood in the form of wall panels, massive ceiling beams and columns will make any, even the most concise interior elegant and aristocratic.

Wood brushing video

Giving wood is rightfully considered one of the most sought-after ways in the exquisite design of furniture, as well as other interior details.

It is no secret that in the beaten-down stone-metal walls there is always a reliable and burnt-out wood under the persistent rays of the sun. artificial aging process wood material called - brushing, more about it in this material.

Proven leader in materials for purposes finishing works, experts consider wood. Knowing a lot about combining aged wood material with modern finish, you can achieve impressive results, and the dwelling itself will acquire a unique uniqueness and the desired result. The technique of artificial tree brushing can be mastered by a person without a specialized building education, just a desire and structured thinking are enough.

Wood brushing: method sequence

It must be understood that the natural aging of wood requires a long time, while some parts of the material become unusable due to wear. They are subject to gradual weathering, as well as the formation of deep pores. Pronounced annual rings, which can be traced on sections of a tree trunk, indicate the late or early age of wood, have certain tint differences, which is manifested through their density, color contrast, and recognizable volume.

Everyone has ever seen the surface of old wood, which is manifested by textural undulations, and similarity to the uneven waves of sand. A winning option with such a visualization is an ash, spruce and larch tree.

Brushing (in English, the word "brush" is translated as "brush") - this technique gained its popularity due to the mechanical processing of fresh wood with a brush, in order to eliminate its fibers, as well as display the essence of the natural attractiveness of this material and the visual volume of its pattern.

The tree trunk in its texture consists of layers of different hardness, which can be perfectly traced on the cut itself. The fibers of natural material have different physical characteristics and are responsible for the formation of individual patterns for a certain type of wood. Truly unique creations can be made from natural wood.

Destroying the soft layers of wood, the brush exposes its hardened fiber, highlighting their expressive relief, giving the final product a decorative aesthetic. A similar process occurs in the natural environment, only it lasts much longer than in a carpentry workshop, where it will take only a few hours to complete the process.

The artificial method of structuring wood is ideal for processing hard and soft woods, their array is distinguished by the clarity of the texture, as well as the outlined layers of different hardness and density. We are talking about oak, pine, walnut, larch, wenge and ash. This technique will have little effect on beech, teak, maple, alder, and birch, as these tree species are characterized by insufficiently bright structure, as well as fine grain without pronounced layers. Brushing these types of wood does not make sense.

Today, the brushing method is in high demand, since the use of structured wood material is ubiquitous. It is extremely popular in the manufacture of furniture and its elements, floors, as well as other interior items. Natural wood will be organic in any form and interior design.

Hand brushing, as well as suitable tools for this

To a beginner in woodworking, the brushing process may seem rather complicated, but this opinion is false, since mastering the technique of this process is available to anyone who has the appropriate equipment or a workshop at home.

For hand-made aging of wood, you must have the following:

Metal brushes for brushing wood different type rigidity. Their main task is to clean the wood surface from the layer of soft fibers covering the wood cut.
The uneven surface of the "sandpaper" paper. It is used as a draft version of grinding, for the purpose of high-quality polishing.
With the help of wood stain, wood material becomes the owner of pronounced decorative notes.
Varnishing finished product, applied at the final stage of brushing.

It is no secret that the mechanization of the production process in the industry of decorative processing of wood material will become more productive than other ways of working with this material. For such purposes, it will be appropriate to drill, with the ability to adjust the speed.

An analogue of a drill will be a special brushing machine with an assortment of wide and flat brushes. Often, a cleaning router is equipped with three main nozzles for the process of brushing wood. Each of the brushes is responsible for performing its individual functions, namely:

steel wire brush for brushing;
synthetic bristle brush designed for intermediate sanding;
for the final polishing you will need a sisal brush.

If the plans include independent brushing of a tree, namely its large planes (wood for the floor), then machines and machines for this work will become more appropriate than ever. By following a structured brushing step, you can achieve impressive results.

Instructions for brushing a tree with your own hands

First, it is necessary to wet the pre-prepared raw materials, which in turn will help to avoid unplanned scattering of cod, and other elements including dust. At the first stage, you should try for roughness - the surface of the sample using a metal brush with a pile of wire. Such a brush should have a hard pile, this is important for cutting off the upper fibrous layers from the product. It should not damage the elastic layers of the tree, because brushing was invented because of their beauty. The tool must be moved along the growth of the fibers with a steady and measured working pace in order to qualitatively finish the workpiece.

Losing the even rhythm with an increase in the number of revolutions of the brush can lead to negative consequences, such as undesirable browning of the wood. Experts recommend choosing an individual working pace for each working sample. When work is done with a simple hand tool, then you can easily determine the optimal speed for processing the workpiece. It's no secret that manual work will be quite time-consuming and hilarious.

Upon completion of the initial hard sanding, it is recommended to change the brush to a polymer-type brush with an abrasive coating and then proceed to a new sanding step to eliminate fibrous residues and other roughness from the surface of the workpiece. Upon completion of what has been started, when the wood material is completely polished, one can judge the quality of the work, as well as trace the entire depth of the structuring carried out.

In case of dissatisfaction with the end result, you can slightly deepen the grooves formed on the surface of the product, but you should be careful and carry out the deepening without annoying fanaticism. This stage will be appropriate for arranging additional decoration on the workpiece: with the help of a chisel, you can make recesses of natural shapes. Upon completion of the primary grinding, they need to be slightly corrected in order to make the newly formed cracks more realistic and similar to natural ones.

A handy sisal brush attachment will come in handy for the final polishing jobs on wood. She will take care of giving the material additional gloss, charm and uniqueness. If you have to process the workpiece manually, you should try your luck with fine-grained sandpaper, it will give the surface perfect smoothness. Further, the product is prepared for staining or varnishing, for this it is dried with high quality and dust is removed.
To obtain a special touch of luxury and nobility of wood material, patination is applied to it - painting deep cracks with the darkest possible tones. With abundant application of stain on work surface, areas with soft fibers will absorb the paint with lightning speed, while areas with hard fibers will remain intact. Excess paint must be removed. On the background natural wood gold paint looks great, so its flickering from microcracks will not be superfluous at all. Upon completion of staining with a pigment composition, the workpiece is polished to smooth out all the irregularities that arise in the process.
Lacquering of wood material is carried out after its thorough cleaning and drying. Brushed parquet elements are coated with a special varnish so that they retain their original appearance for as long as possible.

In the artificial aging of wood blanks, in order to facilitate work, special chemicals. With the help of special chemical solutions, soft fibers that interfere with a smooth surface can be easily removed. Active substances corrode the wood surface, softening it, and then deprive it of soft fiber. It remains only to scrape off the excess residue.

Alkaline, acid and other caustic agents can be used in the work. What is the level of concentration in chemical compounds higher, the more powerful it affects the decomposition of wood fibers. This indicates the irrelevance of metal brushes for processing the workpiece, since it is quite enough to just apply a chemically active mixture and then wash it off the product.

Do not forget that appropriate precautions should be taken when working with chemicals, since volatiles quickly spread in the air and are easily retained in the respiratory tract.

Chemical brushing is recommended to be carried out in open air, as well as in a mask. After getting rid of the soft fibrous layer, the rest of the work is carried out in the usual sequence, as with the mechanical type of aging.

The method of artificial aging of wood material is used in the development of status and representative interiors, as well as in the design of premises for a wide variety of purposes. Such popularity is easily explained by affordability, as well as a high degree decorativeness of this technique.

Brushing wood with your own hands is an interesting technology that allows you to artificially age a tree. The natural aging process takes decades. But now, with the help of special tools, this effect can be achieved at home quickly and without significant material costs. Aged material is ideal for decorating classic, vintage and rustic styles.

Brushing wood with your own hands: how the process is carried out

Residents of modern cities increasingly prefer styles with a pronounced individuality in the decor of the room: classic, vintage, rustic and country.

The main detail of such interiors is wood. Thanks to this material, the design of the room acquires a uniqueness and inimitable charm. But for a classic and vintage style, a tree in its original natural form is not suitable. In this case, an aged tree is best suited, which has a more attractive and noble appearance. This material is suitable for the manufacture of any element of decor: a vintage lamp, a wooden chest of drawers, stylish doors and window frames, fireplace cladding.

AT natural conditions the process of wood aging is delayed for decades, since the original patterns on the surface of the wood are formed slowly and unevenly. Therefore, this material is rare and expensive. But among modern technologies there is a simple and fast way to artificially age a tree. This process is called brushing. Interest in this method is shown not only by lovers of elite vintage furniture, but also by those who want to diversify interior country houses.

Do-it-yourself wood aging (brushing) - decorative technology processing of wooden products, during which an artificial effect of antiquity is created for an ordinary wooden surface. The method got its name from the English word brush - brush. The aging process is also called wood structuring.

The method of artificial brushing is based on the difference in hardness of the layers that make up the wood. In the process of work, the soft light layer is removed. As a result, the areas become embossed, which gives the material a special look that is inherent only in fairly old trees.

The depth of brushing the board depends on its purpose. If it is necessary to create the effect of deep aging, then the depth of irregularities and roughness can be up to 2-3 mm. It is not recommended for the floor to have a deep relief of wood, otherwise the coating will get very dirty and poorly washed. The optimal depth is 0.5-0.8 mm.

Tree aging methods: basic information

Used to structure wood special tools and techniques. It is based on the mechanical processing of wood with the help of special metal brushes that remove the upper soft fibers. Thanks to this, the hard surface is more clearly visible, forming a beautiful relief. But this is not the whole process of wood processing.

To emphasize the appearance and make the structure more distinct, the material is coated with special paints that have natural shades. Coloring is carried out unevenly: the depressions acquire a darker color, and the surface of the texture becomes light. This makes the relief more noticeable.

Useful advice! In order for the artificially aged material to be as similar as possible to the tree, the aging of which took place in a natural way, it is necessary to paint it gray. In this case, the paint, even before it is completely dry, must be lubricated from the relief surface. This will create the effect of a tree that has stood in the open for about 10 years.

A tree with a fine-grained and indistinct structure is better not to use, since the brushing method is ineffective for such species. The following trees are not suitable for aging:

maple;

alder;
cherry;
Birch;

Both soft and hard woods are suitable for aging wood. The main requirement is that the material has a clearly defined texture and layers with different hardness are visible. Wood brushing is best performed on the following species:

pine;
ash;
nut;
larch;
wenge.

It is preferable to use coniferous wood for artificial structuring. The most affordable is pine. But this tree is not distinguished by its beauty and unusual pattern. And, unfortunately, brushing the pine will not fix much this situation. If you use larch and spruce, then the result of applying the method will delight you with a unique pattern and rich texture.

Aging technology allows you to create unusual textures that are suitable for interiors different styles. Structured wood is used to create decorative elements, furniture, floors. Brushed furniture looks unique and very beautiful.

Do-it-yourself wood aging: the benefits of brushing

Unlike the natural aging process, wood structuring helps to increase the strength of the material and its longevity. Brushing also prevents the material from rotting and damaging it from fungi and insects. This is due to the use of special antiseptic agents to protect the wooden surface.

The result of brushing is an excellent appearance of the material that meets the latest fashion trends. Using a variety of tools for woodworking and technology, you can get a lot of exclusive things and interior details. This will create artificial imitation exotic types of wood, the cost of which is significantly higher than the initial price of the spent lumber.

Woodworking tools: brushes, machines and machines

At first glance, the process of artificial structuring may seem very complicated. But the do-it-yourself wood brushing method is the most affordable and easiest way to visually age natural material. This can be done even by an inexperienced master.

To complete this task, you will need a minimum of equipment. In addition, brushing technology allows you to achieve excellent results both manually and mechanized. Depending on the chosen method, the master will need different tools.

Brushing wood: a toolfor manual processing

During work, you will need certain tools for brushing wood.

Metal hand brushes are used to roughly remove soft fibers from the surface of the part, while leaving the hard ones intact. They are used for the primary processing of wood. The stiffness of the bristles depends on the length of the wire: the shorter it is, the stiffer the bristles. At the first stage of processing, it is better to give preference to a brush with the most rigid pile. It is desirable that the brush has a wide end part and is close in shape to a roller. This form guarantees a more uniform processing of wood.

Hand chisel - a tool with which you can apply deep longitudinal grooves of various curvatures in wood fiber. With the skillful use of this tool, you can get the material of maximum realism by applying deep cracks.

Coarse sanding paper for polishing is used to emphasize the texture of the material, making the natural pattern more clear. To achieve an optimal result in the process of work, it is necessary to move the emery along the fibers with pressure. Using paper with different grain sizes, you can get furrows of different depths and degrees of severity.

The grinder, equipped with special nozzles for brushing wood, is used at the initial stage for roughing and final processing of wood. At the beginning of work, a metal brush attachment is used on the grinder for brushing wood, at the final stage - with a copper or sisal bristle. Now very popular abrasive-polymer brushes. Such an instrument makes it possible to selectively remove soft fibers without affecting the hard ones.

Useful advice! If there is no brush of high rigidity, then with the help of a grinder you can cut the pile. This will make the bristles harder. When choosing the bristles of the brush, it is necessary to take into account that the bristles are 7-10 times thinner than soft wood fibers. It is better to use a brush with a straight bristle. When working with an abrasive-polymer brush, it is necessary to ensure that the surface of the wood does not burn when the robot is operated at high speeds.

After the first stage of processing, experts advise burning wood with a kerosene burner. A gas burner is not suitable for such work.

Roasting with a kerosene burner will help you complete the following steps:

remove small wood fibers;
dry the top layer of wood;
emphasize and highlight the natural structure of the tree.

Process automation: machines and machines for brushing wood

Mass production of artificially aged wood requires speed of work. Some stages of wood processing can be mechanized, which will simplify the work of obtaining aged wood. To do this, you will need drills with speed control and special machines for brushing.

Consider the most popular models of specialized techniques for structuring a tree.

Festool rustofix ras 180 wood trimmer or brush machine. Wood brushing brushes can be purchased with this tool. They are of three types:

steel wire brush for primary processing of boards;
brush with synthetic bristles for intermediate grinding;
sisal or hair brushes for polishing the back surface of the product.

The Makita 974 grinder is used for brushing wood. But during operation, difficulties may arise with the processing of areas at the corners of the part. Therefore, at the joints, it is recommended to use a special angle grinder with different nozzles or use a nylon brush dressed on the grinder for brushing. Such a brush is highly wear-resistant and allows you to process the ends, edges and contours of parts with complex shapes.

The Felisatti AGF 110/1010E grinder is suitable for processing both smooth and uneven surfaces. The tool comes with nylon and metal brushes.

Useful advice! It makes sense to buy a wood brushing machine only if large volumes of work are planned. Brushes for brushing wood can be bought both with a machine and purchased separately.

How to age a tree with your own hands: technology

The process of aging opens before the master the widest possibilities by changing the structure and color different breeds wood. Before proceeding directly to structuring, the wood must be prepared. The material for brushing should be free of defects, notches and irregularities, and the humidity should be 10-12%, but not more than 15%. If the tree does not meet these characteristics, then the wood fibers will tear during processing, and a beautiful result from structuring will not work.

Let us consider in more detail the process of how to age a tree at home. The work with the material can be divided into several stages.

Before starting work, it is necessary to perform the primary processing of the part, namely: to moisten the tree. This will prevent the spread of dust throughout the room during operation.

Next, you will need a manual brush for processing. Depending on the hardness of the wood, we choose the stiffness of the metal brush for roughing. The bristles of the tool must easily remove soft surface fibers, but must not damage hard ones. Move the brush in the direction of the fibers.

If you decide to automate the processing process with a brush for brushing wood on a grinder or grinder, then you should remember that the movements are carried out along the fibers. It is necessary to move the tool with such intensity that the fibers are effectively scraped out.

You need to carefully select the speed: too high a speed of the brush can cause the wood to bake. When using a hand tool, this problem does not arise, but more effort needs to be applied. Also, manual processing will be delayed in time.

Useful advice! It is better to select the speed on a separate small sample of the tree. The optimal number of revolutions is 1500-2200, but for different breeds it may differ.

Then we carry out the primary grinding of the part. To do this, we use a polymer brush with an abrasive applied to it. This stage will remove roughness and fiber fragments from the surface of the part. By removing all unnecessary, you can evaluate how deeply and efficiently the structuring of wood is performed. If necessary, the grooves can be further deepened, making the structuring more distinct.

At the next stage, you can think about the decorative design of the part. For this chisel in different places details are made recesses and grooves of arbitrary shape. In appearance, they will resemble cracks that appeared naturally.

Next comes the final polishing. To do this, you need a sisal or hair brush. This tool for wood will give the details a finished look, fully showing all the decorative texture. At manual processing instead of a brush, fine-grained sandpaper with an abrasive surface is used. It will allow you to make a perfectly polished surface of the workpiece.

Then the wood must be well dried. It must be completely cleaned of dust and thus prepared for further painting and varnishing.

The use of stain will make the product look old by creating contrasting textured patterns. A generous application of the compound with quick removal of excess will allow you to paint over parts with soft fibers and leave light areas with hard fibers. Soft fibers quickly absorb paint, which means they are dyed, while hard fibers do not have time to absorb the pigment during this time, so they remain light. A tree painted with gold or silver paint looks especially beautiful.

Against the background of the natural color of the tree, this pigment creates glare on the surface of the part in the sun. This gives the product an original decorative effect and luxury. The product will look especially presentable if the tree is patinated - painting over the deepest cracks with darker paint.

At the final stage, the product is polished again to remove the roughness and irregularities that appeared after staining.

Useful advice! Lacquering is carried out on completely dry and cleaned wood. To paint brushed parquet, it is necessary to use a special parquet varnish. This will allow the finished coating to maintain a presentable appearance and performance characteristics for a long time.

Wood brushing: features of wood chemical structuring

Brushing with the help of chemistry is rare, even though the use of chemically active compounds greatly facilitates the process of artificial aging of wood. To carry out chemical processing of wood, it is necessary to have special knowledge and skills to work with chemicals. In addition, the method has a drawback - it is not always easy to buy the necessary reagents.

For the chemical structuring of a tree, acids are needed: hydrochloric and sulfuric, alkali and ammonia. Reagents applied to the surface of the material corrode the soft fibers. The master can only scrape off unnecessary wood.

Stages of chemical brushing of wood:

Surface grinding and decontamination.
Apply a thin layer of chemicals to the surface of the part. During chemical structuring, the evaporation of reagents must be monitored. If necessary, it is recommended to reapply them.
When the chemical has taken effect, that is, it has softened the outer fibers, the part must be washed under running water and the remnants of the reagent removed with a soft bristle brush.
Next, the tree must be thoroughly dried, painted or varnished.

The availability and demand for brushing allows you to perform this method at home. When structuring wood, it is imperative to adhere to safety regulations. Work with tools and a machine for brushing wood should be carefully and carefully. All artificial structuring processes must be carried out in special protective clothing, goggles and gloves. If antiseptic solutions are used during work or too much dust accumulates in the air from wood, then you should work in a respirator.

Brushing a wooden surface is unusual way to make a wooden product more beautiful, unusual and attractive. This method is very popular among interior designers and ordinary people, since everyone can artificially age a tree. You need to spend a little time and effort to get luxurious furniture or a chic original ceiling, stylized antique. For a better effect, patination of furniture can be carried out.

Artificial brushing of wood: the price of work

The main task of wood brushing is to create and emphasize the unique texture of the surface of the board. The result is a material with a clearly defined natural material pattern. The procedure is suitable for many types of material. The cost of standard brushing is 350 rubles. per sq. m. When ordering additional painting, the cost increases. The price of the work depends on the chosen type of wood, as well as on the size of the board.

The cost of each stage of artificial aging is usually calculated separately. You can order separately grinding or just impregnation. The most profitable option - full service brushing from the beginning of work to the final coating with the purchase of material. It is possible to perform artificial structuring from your material.

Wood brushing workshops perform an individual calculation of the cost of processing, depending on the type of wood, the size of the product and the list of services.

Brushing is performed over any kind of wooden materials:

bar;
lining;

planks;
block house;
planks.

Scope of application of tree structuring technology

The structuring method is very popular in the manufacture of interior items and room elements. Such wooden products will be an original addition to classic and vintage interiors. In addition, the advantage of brushing technology is the ability to self-creation exclusive things. In addition, this method belongs to the category simple processes available to everyone.

Brushed board decorate fireplaces, shelves, columns, Wall panels, as well as aged wood is used as ceiling beams. This material creates a unique entourage for living rooms and halls, halls of cafes and restaurants. The interior design is filled with aristocracy and luxury, and aged wood creates warmth and comfort in the room.

Wooden furniture with brushed elements looks stylish and sophisticated. artificial aging and patination of wood with your own hands allows you to make absolutely any furniture: cabinets, chests of drawers, pegs, beds. The use of brushed elements in furniture and interior design has no restrictions and prohibitions - it all depends on your imagination and creativity.