Birds of Prey short description. Order: Falconiformes = Falconiformes

• Russians folk talesRussian folk tales The world of fairy tales is amazing. Is it possible to imagine our life without fairy tales? A fairy tale is not just entertainment. She tells us about the extremely important things in life, teaches us to be kind and fair, to protect the weak, to resist evil, to despise the cunning and flatterers. The fairy tale teaches to be faithful, honest, makes fun of our vices: boasting, greed, hypocrisy, laziness. For centuries, fairy tales have been passed down orally. One person came up with a fairy tale, told another, that person added something from himself, retold it to a third, and so on. Each time the story got better and better. It turns out that the fairy tale was invented not by one person, but by many. different people, people, that's why they began to call it - “folk”. Fairy tales originated in ancient times. They were the stories of hunters, trappers and fishermen. In fairy tales - animals, trees and herbs talk like people. And in a fairy tale, everything is possible. If you want to become young, eat rejuvenating apples. It is necessary to revive the princess - sprinkle her first with dead, and then with living water ... The fairy tale teaches us to distinguish good from bad, good from evil, ingenuity from stupidity. A fairy tale teaches not to despair in difficult moments and always overcome difficulties. The tale teaches how important it is for every person to have friends. And the fact that if you do not leave a friend in trouble, then he will help you ...
• Tales of Aksakov Sergei Timofeevich Tales of Aksakov S.T. Sergei Aksakov wrote very few fairy tales, but it was this author who wrote the wonderful fairy tale "The Scarlet Flower" and we immediately understand what talent this person had. Aksakov himself told how in childhood he fell ill and the housekeeper Pelageya was invited to him, who composed various stories and fairy tales. The boy liked the story about the Scarlet Flower so much that when he grew up, he wrote down the story of the housekeeper from memory, and as soon as it was published, the tale became a favorite among many boys and girls. This tale was first published in 1858, and then many cartoons were made based on this tale.
• Tales of the Brothers Grimm Tales of the Brothers Grimm Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm are the greatest German storytellers. The brothers published their first collection of fairy tales in 1812 on German. This collection includes 49 fairy tales. The Grimm brothers began recording fairy tales regularly in 1807. Fairy tales immediately gained immense popularity among the population. The wonderful fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm, obviously, have been read by each of us. Their interesting and informative stories awaken the imagination, and the simple language of the story is clear even to kids. Fairy tales are for readers different ages. In the collection of the Brothers Grimm there are stories that are understandable for kids, but there are also for older people. The Grimm brothers were fond of collecting and studying folk tales back in student years. The glory of the great storytellers brought them three collections of "Children's and family tales" (1812, 1815, 1822). Among them are "The Bremen Town Musicians", "The Pot of Porridge", "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs", "Hansel and Gretel", "Bob, Straw and Coal", "Mrs. Snowstorm" - about 200 fairy tales in total.
• Tales of Valentin Kataev Fairy tales by Valentin Kataev Writer Valentin Kataev lived a long and beautiful life. He left books by reading which we can learn to live with taste, without missing the interesting that surrounds us every day and every hour. There was a period in Kataev's life, about 10 years, when he wrote wonderful fairy tales for children. The main characters of fairy tales are the family. They show love, friendship, belief in magic, miracles, relationships between parents and children, relationships between children and people they meet on their way, which help them grow up and learn something new. After all, Valentin Petrovich himself was left without a mother very early. Valentin Kataev is the author of fairy tales: “A pipe and a jug” (1940), “A flower - a seven-flower” (1940), “Pearl” (1945), “Stump” (1945), “Dove” (1949).
• Tales of Wilhelm Hauff Tales of Wilhelm Hauff Wilhelm Hauf (11/29/1802 - 11/18/1827) was a German writer, best known as the author of fairy tales for children. It is considered a representative of the Biedermeier artistic literary style. Wilhelm Gauf is not so famous and popular world storyteller, but the tales of Gauf must be read to children. In his works, the author, with the subtlety and unobtrusiveness of a real psychologist, put a deep meaning that prompts reflection. Hauff wrote his Märchen for the children of Baron Hegel - fairy tales, they were first published in the Almanac of Tales of January 1826 for the Sons and Daughters of Noble Estates. There were such works by Gauf as "Kalif-Stork", "Little Muk", some others, which immediately gained popularity in German-speaking countries. Focusing at first on Eastern folklore, later he begins to use European legends in fairy tales.
• Tales of Vladimir Odoevsky Tales of Vladimir Odoevsky Vladimir Odoevsky entered the history of Russian culture as a literary and musical critic, prose writer, museum and library worker. He did a lot for Russian children's literature. During his lifetime, he published several books for children's reading: "The Town in a Snuffbox" (1834-1847), "Fairy Tales and Stories for Children of Grandpa Iriney" (1838-1840), "The Collection of Children's Songs of Grandpa Iriney" (1847), "Children's Book for Sundays" (1849). Creating fairy tales for children, VF Odoevsky often turned to folklore plots. And not only to the Russians. The most popular are two fairy tales by V. F. Odoevsky - “Moroz Ivanovich” and “The Town in a Snuffbox”.
• Tales of Vsevolod Garshin Tales of Vsevolod Garshin Garshin V.M. - Russian writer, poet, critic. Fame gained after the publication of his first work "4 days". The number of fairy tales written by Garshin is not at all large - only five. And almost all of them are school curriculum. Fairy tales “The Traveling Frog”, “The Tale of the Toad and the Rose”, “That which was not” are known to every child. All Garshin's tales are imbued with deep meaning, the designation of facts without unnecessary metaphors and the all-consuming sadness that passes through each of his tales, each story.
• Tales of Hans Christian Andersen Tales of Hans Christian Andersen Hans Christian Andersen (1805-1875) - Danish writer, storyteller, poet, playwright, essayist, author worldwide famous fairy tales for children and adults. Reading Andersen's fairy tales is fascinating at any age, and they give children and adults the freedom to fly dreams and fantasies. In every fairy tale of Hans Christian there are deep thoughts about the meaning of life, human morality, sin and virtues, often not noticeable at first glance. Andersen's most popular fairy tales: The Little Mermaid, Thumbelina, Nightingale, Swineherd, Chamomile, Flint, Wild Swans, Tin Soldier, Princess and the Pea, Ugly Duckling.
• Tales of Mikhail Plyatskovsky Tales of Mikhail Plyatskovsky Mikhail Spartakovich Plyatskovsky - Soviet songwriter, playwright. Even in his student years, he began to compose songs - both poems and melodies. The first professional song "March of Cosmonauts" was written in 1961 with S. Zaslavsky. There is hardly a person who has never heard such lines: "it's better to sing in unison", "friendship begins with a smile." Little raccoon from Soviet cartoon and the cat Leopold sing songs based on the verses of the popular songwriter Mikhail Spartakovich Plyatskovsky. Plyatskovsky's fairy tales teach children the rules and norms of behavior, simulate familiar situations and introduce them to the world. Some stories not only teach kindness, but also ridicule bad traits the nature of children.
• Tales of Samuil Marshak Tales of Samuil Marshak Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak (1887 - 1964) - Russian Soviet poet, translator, playwright, literary critic. Known as the author of fairy tales for children, satirical works, as well as "adult", serious lyrics. Among Marshak's dramatic works, fairy tale plays "Twelve Months", "Smart Things", "Cat's House" are especially popular. Marshak's poems and fairy tales begin to be read from the very first days in kindergartens, then they are put on matinees, in the lower grades they are taught by heart.
• Tales of Gennady Mikhailovich Tsyferov Tales of Gennady Mikhailovich Tsyferov Gennady Mikhailovich Tsyferov - Soviet storyteller, screenwriter, playwright. The greatest success of Gennady Mikhailovich brought animation. During the cooperation with the Soyuzmultfilm studio, in collaboration with Genrikh Sapgir, more than twenty-five cartoons were released, including "The Train from Romashkov", "My Green Crocodile", "Like a Frog Looking for Dad", "Losharik", "How to become big" . Cute and kind stories of Tsyferov are familiar to each of us. The heroes who live in the books of this wonderful children's writer will always come to the aid of each other. His famous fairy tales: “There was an elephant in the world”, “About a chicken, the sun and a bear cub”, “About an eccentric frog”, “About a steamboat”, “A story about a pig”, etc. Collections of fairy tales: “How a frog was looking for a dad”, “ Multi-colored giraffe”, “Engine from Romashkovo”, “How to become big and other stories”, “Bear cub diary”.
• Tales of Sergei Mikhalkov Tales of Sergei Mikhalkov Mikhalkov Sergei Vladimirovich (1913 - 2009) - writer, writer, poet, fabulist, playwright, war correspondent during the Great Patriotic War, lyricist of two hymns Soviet Union and anthem Russian Federation. They begin to read Mikhalkov's poems in the kindergarten, choosing "Uncle Styopa" or the equally famous rhyme "What do you have?". The author takes us back to the Soviet past, but over the years his works do not become obsolete, but only acquire charm. Mikhalkov's children's poems have long become classics.
• Tales of Suteev Vladimir Grigorievich Tales of Suteev Vladimir Grigorievich Suteev - Russian Soviet children's writer, illustrator and director-animator. One of the pioneers of Soviet animation. Born in the family of a doctor. The father was a gifted person, his passion for art was passed on to his son. Since his youth, Vladimir Suteev, as an illustrator, periodically published in the magazines Pioneer, Murzilka, Friendly Guys, Iskorka, and in the Pionerskaya Pravda newspaper. Studied at MVTU im. Bauman. Since 1923 - an illustrator of books for children. Suteev illustrated books by K. Chukovsky, S. Marshak, S. Mikhalkov, A. Barto, D. Rodari, as well as his own works. The tales that V. G. Suteev composed himself are written laconically. Yes, he does not need verbosity: everything that is not said will be drawn. The artist works as a multiplier, capturing every movement of the character to get a solid, logically clear action and a vivid, memorable image.
• Tales of Tolstoy Alexei Nikolaevich Tales of Tolstoy Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy A.N. - a Russian writer, an extremely versatile and prolific writer who wrote in all genres and genres (two collections of poems, more than forty plays, scripts, adaptations of fairy tales, journalistic and other articles, etc.), primarily a prose writer, a master of fascinating narration. Genres in creativity: prose, short story, story, play, libretto, satire, essay, journalism, historical novel, science fiction, fairy tale, poem. popular tale Tolstoy A. N .: "The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio", which is a successful reworking of the fairy tale by the Italian writer of the 19th century. Collodi "Pinocchio", entered the golden fund of world children's literature.
• Tales of Leo Tolstoy Tales of Tolstoy Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy Lev Nikolayevich (1828 - 1910) - one of the greatest Russian writers and thinkers. Thanks to him, not only works that are part of the treasury of world literature appeared, but also a whole religious and moral trend - Tolstoyism. Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy wrote many instructive, lively and interesting tales, fables, poems and stories. He also wrote many small but wonderful fairy tales for children: Three Bears, How Uncle Semyon told about what happened to him in the forest, The Lion and the Dog, The Tale of Ivan the Fool and His Two Brothers, Two Brothers, Worker Emelyan and empty drum and many others. Tolstoy was very serious about writing little fairy tales for children, he worked hard on them. Tales and stories of Lev Nikolaevich are still in books for reading in elementary school.
• Tales of Charles Perrault The Tales of Charles Perrault Charles Perrault (1628-1703) - French storyteller, critic and poet, was a member of French Academy. It is probably impossible to find a person who would not know the tale of Little Red Riding Hood and gray wolf, about a boy from a finger or other equally memorable characters, colorful and so close not only to a child, but also to an adult. But all of them owe their appearance to the wonderful writer Charles Perrault. Each of his fairy tales is a folk epic, its writer processed and developed the plot, obtaining such delightful works that are still read with great admiration today.
• Ukrainian folk tales Ukrainian folk tales Ukrainian folk tales have much in common in their style and content with Russian folk tales. IN Ukrainian fairy tale much attention is paid to everyday realities. Ukrainian folklore is very vividly described by a folk tale. All traditions, holidays and customs can be seen in the plots of folk tales. How Ukrainians lived, what they had and what they didn’t have, what they dreamed about and how they went towards their goals is just as clearly laid down in the meaning fairy tales. The most popular Ukrainian folk tales: Mitten, Goat Dereza, Pokatigoroshka, Serko, the tale about Ivasik, Kolosok and others.

Svetlana Sadovshchikova
"Wonderful Apple Tree" ecological tale for children

In living nature, everything is arranged surprisingly reasonably and correctly. Communities of plants and animals living together form ecological chains. Trees, grasses and shrubs from the water, carbon dioxide, mineral nutrients build on the light of their leaves. Here, lovers of green leaves are herbivores. These are hares and squirrels, and many birds. They all enjoy eating what the plants have made. But at every step, herbivores lie in wait for predators - wolves, foxes, lynxes. The hare hesitated a little - and write, it's gone! But after all, the wolf, and the fox, and the lynx will live their lives and die. And after death organic matter, of which they are composed, their bodies decompose under the action of bacteria and turn into just those mineral nutrients, which enter the soil and which are so necessary for plants. And the plants will again be engaged in the processing of minerals, turning them into their cells. This is what it is ecological chain, in which each animal or plant, as it were, complements all the others and cannot live without all the others.

But how to explain all this to a child intelligibly. That's what environmental stories are for.

My fairy tale is called "The Story of One Apple Tree"

In one distant country, in one wonderful clearing, beautiful apple trees grew. But among these trees, the most slender, most beautiful Apple tree stood out. All the animals and birds heard about her beauty and always came running to admire her, to eat her apples. The evil Rabbit heard that there is such an apple tree in the world and he decided to destroy it. The rabbit was envious that many birds and animals gathered in this clearing, which always had fun together. The Rabbit began to resort at night to the Apple tree and gnaw at the very bottom of the trunk. And no one could help the poor tree. The apple tree began to wither a little, the leaves turned yellow. One night, as usual, the evil Rabbit ran to the Apple tree, but it was not there ... The Wolf went hunting. Seeing that the Rabbit was nibbling on the bark of a tree, he decided to save the Apple Tree. The Wolf swallowed the Evil Rabbit... But because the Rabbit was evil, the Wolf's stomach got sick and he fell down dead. The grass hid the Wolf under itself and the wolf ended up in a dark kingdom where good worms and insects lived. They found out what happened to Yablonka and wanted to help her. They began to wear to her crown a lot useful substances. And Yablonka again became beautiful as never before. And all the birds and animals began to run again to the clearing to the Apple tree to play, have fun and eat the sweetest apples.