Characterization of common hibiscus leaf diseases and proper treatment. Why hibiscus is sick and how to help it

What do the diseases look like in the photo and what to do?

Sticky drops

Sometimes, hibiscus can release drops on its own and this is not a pathology, but the localization of these secretions should be at the junction of the petiole with the leaf.

In other cases, the appearance of a sticky plaque indicates that the plant is damaged by pests: aphids or scale insects. And if aphids can be seen with the naked eye, then the scale insect betrays its presence only with sticky secretions.

To help the flower, you need to give it a shower. In this case, the soil must be covered with a waterproof film so that washed off pests do not get into it. Then the hibiscus must be dried and treated with an insecticidal preparation, according to the instructions.

Stains

The appearance of small, yellow, watery spots indicates the defeat of the hibiscus by bacterial spotting. The shape of the spots is irregularly angular, and along their edge there is a light green or yellow border. Bacteria cause this ailment and treatment should be carried out with the use of antifungal drugs.

Also, the manifestations of bacterial lesions can be the so-called bacterial burns. The spots in these cases are quite extensive, shapeless, and black. Treatment is also carried out with antifungal drugs, untimely assistance to the hibiscus will lead to its death.

The leaf plates have fallen

The reason for this symptom may be:

1. Insufficient, or, on the contrary, excessive watering.
2. Too high or low temperature air.
3. Lack of lighting.
4. Drafts.

The improvement of hibiscus, if the ailment arose due to the above reasons, consists in adjusting the conditions of detention.

Also hibiscus can shed leaves due to damage by a spider mite, or due to excess content nutrients in the ground. In the first case, insecticide treatment will be required, in the second it is necessary to adjust the composition of the soil.

White bloom

The plant is affected by mealybug or powdery mildew:

• In the first case, it is a pest.
• In the second, a fungal disease.

The waste products of the mealybug visually look like lumps of cotton wool on the leaves and stems, treatment consists in washing the plant and treating it with insecticidal preparations.

For treatment powdery mildew, creating the visual effect of sprinkling the leaves with flour, antifungal drugs are used.

Black spots

A disease with this symptom is called dropsy. Black dots appear from a combination of waterlogging and cold. This defect can be corrected by restoring conditions acceptable for hibiscus.

Leaf plates drooped

If the plant has dropped leaves, it either lacks moisture, or it is very waterlogged. Sometimes this symptom can appear at a high temperature. Adjustment of conditions of detention will help to save hibiscus from malaise.

Chlorosis

This is a disease in which the process of chlorophyll formation is disrupted in a plant and the activity of photosynthesis decreases. The main symptoms of the disease are yellowing and leaf fall.

Chlorosis can be of two types - infectious and non-infectious. The most common form is non-infectious. The reason for the occurrence lies in the wrong composition of the soil - excessive or insufficient quantity nitrogen, potassium, iron and magnesium.

The symptoms of the disease are as follows:

• with a lack of iron, the leaves turn yellow and fall;
• potassium deficiency causes thinning of branches, lack of flowering or pale color of flowers;
• lack of magnesium or nitrogen appears as yellow or white spots on the leaves.

The causative agents of infectious chlorosis are fungal microorganisms and viruses. Symptoms accompanying the disease:

• yellowing and falling leaves;
• general weakness of the plant;
• lack of flowering.

How to treat chlorosis? For the treatment of non-infectious chlorosis, it is necessary to bring the composition of the soil to an optimal state for hibiscus.

Infectious chlorosis is best prevented by keeping the flower out of contact with diseased plants.

As for the treatment, optimal solution there will be a transplant of a previously washed plant into a new, disinfected container with fresh soil. Also special drugs designed to treat infections will be effective.

Twisting

It is observed when hibiscus is affected by fungi of the genus Verticillus, or Fusarium. After the leaves curl, they die off and only the top remains of the plant. After the defeat of all leaves, a rapid drying of the trunk and death of the flower follow. For treatment, you must use antifungal drugs.

The timely noticed ailment of the pet, hibiscus, will help prevent critical conditions and prevent bitter disappointment from the death of the flower.

One of the reasons why the leaves of a houseplant begin to curl is pests. For example, a flower affected by a whitefly (whiteflies are one of the most dangerous pests), has yellow leaves covered sticky drops over their entire surface. In addition to whitefly, the plant is threatened by other pests of hibiscus: aphids, gall midges and spider mites.

Spider mite

Aphids are another attack familiar to people who are fond of floriculture. Aphids are usually attracted to the fleshy shoots of the plant, so they quickly attack it and drink juices from it. One of characteristic features the appearance of this pest is that the plant rolls the leaves, and subsequently sticky droplets quickly appear on the leaves.

To combat aphids, the following methods are used: first, they should be removed from the leaf and stem with a cotton pad, and then treated with soapy water or special preparations (Aktara, Iskra).

Gallica

Another reason why the leaf blade twists and falls off is the gall midge, which poses a threat to both the leaves and the root system of the plant. Usually, the eggs of the pest can be found in the buds of the plant - it is there that worms hatch from the eggs, gnaw the buds, and then fall into the soil, closer to the roots of the plant.

Diseases and their causes

In addition to insect infestations, your flowers can be exposed to diseases. Diseases of hibiscus, if left to chance, can cause the death of the plant. Rotten roots, leaves starting to dry out are all clear signs that the hibiscus needs help. It's not about different types rot, when the plant has rotted or its roots have dried up, and about diseases that affect the state of the foliage of the flower. So let's take a look at the main leaf diseases and their treatments.

Chlorosis

Chlorosis is nothing more than the loss of color by the leaves. The diseased leaves rapidly lose their color and become very pale, even slightly yellowish. The disease is most dangerous because the leaves can not only lose their color, but over time they can begin to fall off. Thus, if you do not take any measures, your hibiscus may soon be completely naked.

Sunburn

Another attack that poses a significant danger, but in essence is not a disease, is a sunburn. Everything is simple here: sunburn occurs as a result of a breach of conditions of detention. Hibiscus, like the vast majority of plants, cannot stand direct sunlight. Therefore, if you forget about it and place it in a place where it will be directly affected by them, be prepared to accept the consequences in the form of sunburn.

Also, this attack can appear if you kept your plant in the shade for a long time, and then sharply put it in a bright place. In this case, it is not even necessary that direct sunlight falls on it - a simple change of scenery will be enough. In addition, sunburn can occur even if the leaf seems to stick to the glass.

A sunburn looks like a small reddish or yellowish dry spot on the surface of the leaf plate. It is better to take measures to save hibiscus immediately, because the longer you delay, the more rehabilitation the flower will then need.

Treatment and prevention

In order to eliminate the problems, it will be necessary to cure the plant, saving it either from the invasion of insects or from diseases. If in the case of insects it will be enough to apply any effective insecticide or acaricide (and for those who like to use folk remedies - a soap solution), then with diseases you need to act a little differently.

In case of chlorosis, it is necessary to treat the hibiscus with iron chelate and apply the necessary fertilizers (since the disease itself is often caused by a lack of nutrients). Except for improving the living conditions, you will not help the plant in any way.

In order to eliminate the effects of sunburn, you need to remove all damaged hibiscus leaves, as well as optimize the conditions of detention - for example, put in a darker place.

Diseases of hibiscus occur when the care of the plant is disturbed, its improper cultivation or infection with pathogenic viruses, fungi, pests. The article describes in detail the problems of hibiscus cultivation, its diseases and methods of their treatment.

Major diseases of hibiscus

The plant is quite unpretentious, therefore even serious oversights, if they occur in a single quantity, cannot cause significant harm to it. But a systematic violation of the conditions of agricultural technology will definitely provoke trouble, the plant will begin to wither, feel bad, and get sick. All known hibiscus diseases can occur due to the following phenomena:

• Being in a hot, dry room.
• Lack of spraying, especially in the summer.
• Being in the wind, in a draft, in direct sunlight.
• Dustiness, contamination of hibiscus.
• Excessive watering, which caused root rot.
• Watering a Chinese rose bad water(not settled, containing a lot of harmful impurities).
• Pest infestation as a result of contact with diseased plants.
• Lack of transplants, fertilizing with fertilizers.
• Overfeeding hibiscus with nutritious fertilizers.
• Poor lighting, or the flip of the flower with the other side to the sun.

If the living conditions of the Chinese rose are favorable, then it grows for a very long time, and blooms from March to October and even longer. But the violations described above, subject to their regular influence, can provoke various diseases. Below are the most common ones.

Leaf diseases

Separately, I would like to dwell on the problems and symptoms that arise with violations of the vital activity and development of the flower. Leaf diseases are in most cases triggered by chlorosis - a decrease in chlorophyll production in the green part of the plant. Below are the main symptoms of hibiscus distress, as well as their possible causes:

1. Yellowing of leaves - pest infestation, plant root diseases, leaf chlorosis, poor indoor air humidification.
2. Falling leaves of hibiscus - low humidity, lack of spraying, sudden changes in lighting, drafts, other types of stress for the flower.
3. Yellowing, coupled with falling leaves - waterlogging of the root system in winter, stress, low humidity in the room.
4. Rolling the leaves into tubules is the defeat of aphids or some other pests.
5. Withering of the tips of the leaves - a lack of nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients, a complete lack of complementary foods for hibiscus.
6. The general wilting of the leaves and the entire flower is an excess of the temperature in the room above the norm, a decrease in humidity to low levels.
7. Plant shedding leaves and buds - no the right amount potassium in the soil, damage to the leaves by gall midges, high temperature in the room.

Treatment of diseases

Most of the plant's problems are solved by bringing its content back to normal. For this, it is important to provide the following conditions:

• Do not water the flower too often, but do not forget to do it regularly, without drying out the earthy coma
• Remove the flower from direct rays of the sun, put it in partial shade
• Feed the hibiscus with fertilizers once a week until about mid-August, then once a month
• The number of watering in autumn and winter should be reduced, and the plant itself should be placed at a temperature of up to 15 degrees
• Spraying the flower should be daily, regardless of the season.
• Provide good drainage, transplant chinese rose

Treatment of hibiscus diseases is carried out depending on the existing problems. To avoid sunburn, those plants that are grown in greenhouses must be exposed to the sun for an hour and a half a day, and only then begin to leave them for a longer period. Leaves that have already become covered with burn spots will disappear, new ones will grow to replace them.

Against non-infectious chlorosis, regular feeding of the plant with fertilizers, which can be found in any shop for flower growers, is excellent. Before watering, water with iron deficiency must be flavored with iron chelate. Timely transplantation, avoiding contact with diseased plants, cleaning from dirt and dust, and fertilizing will help prevent infectious chlorosis. Periodically, the flower must be washed under the shower, covering the ground with cellophane. Temporary quarantine is required for all new plants.

It is very difficult to treat the vascular wilting of hibiscus; it is far from always possible to cure it. Many plants die quickly, sometimes their leaves do not even have time to fall. You can try to get rid of the problem in the following ways:

• Cut off all dry areas, slightly capturing healthy parts of the flower
• Treat the entire plant with special antifungal drugs (Dezavid, Thunder-2, Domotsvet, Tsitovit, Alirin-B, etc.)
• Sprinkle a Chinese rose with Trichopolum solution (2 tablets per liter of water) - a folk method

Pests

Plant pests settle on it after contact with diseased flowers, or when transplanted into contaminated soil. Most often, the following pests are placed on a Chinese rose:

1. Aphid. Small insect settling on buds, young shoots. It multiplies quickly, creates colonies, destroying young leaves and unopened flowers, which initially become sticky.
2. Spider mite(red spider). It is invisible without a magnifying glass, it lives from the bottom of the leaf, enveloping it with a shell, similar to a cobweb. It reproduces best in warm, dry air.
3. Greenhouse whitefly. Causes yellowing of leaves, covering them with sticky secretions. The insects themselves or their yellow larvae can be seen from the bottom of the leaf.
4. Scorms. They manifest themselves as a waxy white discharge on cuttings, in the axils of the leaves.
5. Shields, false shields. After their settlement, brown tubercles are observed on the stems.
6. Gallica. This midge causes dropping, yellowing of leaves and buds, which do not have time to bloom. Inside the buds, small midge eggs can be found, from which worms emerge. They eat the buds from the inside, which together with them fall to the soil.

What to process

The question of how to treat hibiscus for diseases, in the presence of pests, is very relevant. If the prevention of diseases caused by pests turned out to be ineffective, then the following treatment methods are carried out:

• From aphids - treatment of the flower with Anabazine, Nicotine sulfate. It is recommended to change the drug more often - for Decis, Fitoverm, Intra-vir, Tobacco dust. With a single lesion of the leaves of aphids, treatment with a soap solution helps well.
• From scale insects - spraying with Actellik solution or other insecticides.
• From the worm - processing the leaves with mineral oil, which is done only when the plant is in the shade.
• From whitefly - treatment with Aktara, Karbofos, Iskra, Tanrek, Biotlin, Bison, applying potassium soap.
• From spider mite- washing the plant with soapy water, treatment with preparations Lightning, Vertimek, Akarin, Fitoverm.
• From gall midge - collection of affected buds, preventing them from falling to the soil. The soil itself must be treated with any medicine for soil pests.

Of the folk remedies that can be used to combat plant pests, the following are popular:

• Pour dry red pepper with water (1: 2), cook for an hour, strain. 10 gr. dilute the resulting solution in a liter of soapy water, process the plant. This method works well against ticks, aphids.
• Dry mustard (50 gr.) Boil in a liter of water for 15 minutes, let cool. Dilute the product in 20 liters of water, rinse the leaves of the flower from aphids, scale insects

If you follow all the conditions for growing a plant, then it is unlikely to have problems in the form of diseases and pest infestation. A healthy hibiscus will bloom for a long time and delight its owner.

There are several diseases that affect different parts of the flower:

Differences from pest damage

Possible consequences

The consequences of diseases for the Chinese rose directly depend on which disease struck and at what stage it was affected. If the disease was detected on time, then the plant can still be saved by taking urgent measures... The main consequences of diseases remain:

• loss of decorativeness;
• stunting;
• death.

When is resuscitation possible and when not?

Resuscitation for a plant is an emergency measure that will save the flower from death. It makes sense to hold such events if the state of the rose is not neglected. Then stressful situation will allow him to activate the processes of growth and development. If the disease is started, then it is useless to carry out resuscitation measures.

Instructions on what to do at home

If a Chinese rose dries up, then the first thing to do is to normalize its watering. From spring to autumn, the flower needs moisture. Use settled water for irrigation room temperature.

The next reason for the plant to dry out is mites.... To combat them, you can try these drugs:

These products are toxic, so be sure to open a window and wear gloves and a respirator before using them.

The processing looks like this:

1. First, thoroughly water the flower, and treat the stems and leaves with soapy water.
2. Now you can proceed to spraying, and use several drugs in turn.
3. Re-processing should be carried out in 7-10 days.

As for folk remedies, they are effective only at an early stage of infection. Popular recipes:

• Onion infusion... For 20 g of husk, 1 liter of water. Insist 5 days, spray the bush with infusion, wipe the leaves and branches.
• Infusion of garlic... Pour 2 large and chopped heads of garlic, pour 1 liter of water and leave for 5 days. Before use, dilute the infusion with water in equal proportions and spray the bush.

Hibiscus withers

If the plant begins to wither, then it can be very difficult to cure it. But you can try if you use the following recommendations:

1. Remove all dried parts of the plant, slightly touching its healthy parts.
2. Treat the rose with antifungal drugs: Fundazol, Topsin, Dezavid. You can use folk remedy- Trichopolum solution (2 tablets per 1 liter of water).
3. For additional stimulation of the rose, treat it with such preparations: Epin, Zircon, Domotsvet.

IMPORTANT: If at the initial stage it was not possible to cure the hibiscus, and it still withers, then you will have to get rid of it.

Twisting of azalea leaves occurs as a result of the activity of the whitefly... To combat it, drugs are used:

When working with drugs, use gloves and ventilate the room well!

Foliage falls

1. Shield... The leaves are mechanically cleaned with a soapy lip. Next, process 0.155 Actellik solution (1-2 ml per 1 liter of water).
2. Aphid... To combat it, spraying with Dirris, Fitoverm, Decis, Aktellik is used. If the lesion is strong, then repeat the treatment after 10 days.

Turns yellow

To prevent the appearance of yellowness on the leaves or get rid of it, you will need to comply with the following recommendations:

• Watering should be moderate, avoid the presence of standing water.
• No draft.
• Timely subcortex.
• Lack of direct sunlight.
• Leaf processing special means for prevention.

ADVICE: In case of a virus infection, it is pointless to carry out treatment, the diseased flower should be immediately removed so that the rest of the plants do not become infected.

Does not bloom

If hibiscus does not bloom in any way, it needs to be stimulated.:

1. To stimulate flowering, it is necessary to cut off old branches in a timely manner.
2. Change the old soil to a new one.
3. Place the plant in a sunny place.
4. Do not forget to apply fertilizers to stimulate new shoots and buds. But to reduce nitrogen-containing compositions.

Watch a video about the reasons for the lack of hibiscus flowering and how to fix it:

If the Chinese rose is on the verge of death, then an urgent resuscitation is needed. It includes the following procedure:

At high humidity and good lighting will awaken dormant buds and begin to develop root system. Zircon should be treated every day, as it restores turgor.

Prophylaxis

To prevent the development of a second disease, it is necessary to take following measures prevention:

• Temperature indicators should not go beyond the normal range - 18-22 degrees Celsius. Drying and waterlogging are unacceptable.
• Timely pest control. It is they that lead to deformation of the leaves and the development of diseases. For processing, use Peretrum, Aktofit.
• It is best to use mineral complex fertilizers to apply nutrient formulations on a regular basis.
• The air in the room should be moderately humid, but not dry.

Care

1. Temperature... The Chinese rose is a thermophilic plant. In spring and summer, the temperature will be 25 degrees Celsius, and in winter - 15-20 degrees. If the temperature is below 10 degrees in winter, the leaves will fall off. In the summertime, put the flower on the balcony, protecting it from rain and wind.
2. Lighting... Hibiscus is a light-loving culture. For him, diffused light is important. If in summer direct sunlight falls on the flower, then this is fraught with the development of a burn. Grow the plant on east or west windows.
3. Watering... In spring and summer, the Chinese rose needs abundant watering. Use separated water and room temperature. Avoid waterlogging. In winter, watering is moderate. Wait until the soil is completely dry before the next irrigation. It is imperative to provide for high-quality drainage.
4. Air humidity... In summer, hibiscus needs high humidity. It is useful for him to carry out frequent spraying. Only the water should not fall on the flowers, otherwise they may fall off. Less moisture is required in winter. But carried there central heating, then spraying is carried out every other day.
5. Top dressing... From spring to autumn, apply complex nutritional compositions intended for flowering indoor plants... Do this every 2 weeks. Beginning in August, reduce nitrogenous fertilizing.
6. Pruning... Prune the Chinese rose tightly every spring. This will allow the bush to acquire a compact form with big amount buds. If the plant begins to stretch strongly, then cut it off during the growth period. Thanks to pruning, the flower can take the form of a shrub or tree.

Conclusion

The Chinese rose, like other decorative crops, is affected by certain diseases. The main task of the grower is to detect the problem in time, understand the reason for its development and proceed to effective treatment at home. Only quick and well-coordinated actions will help save both the flower itself and its decorative appearance.

Hibiscus - beautiful and spectacular home plant having bright and big flowers... Without a doubt, many growers grow hibiscus in their home. However, hibiscus care should also be appropriate.

With proper care, hibiscus plants do not suffer from pests and diseases. But mistakes also happen with a grower with experience. Influence cannot be ruled out external factors: For example, purchasing an already diseased plant in a store.

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Why indoor hibiscus does not bloom and what to do in this case

One of the common problems with hibiscus is the lack of flowering.
This could be due to:

• with a lack of lighting - to lay buds, the plant must be in direct sunlight for at least 4 hours a day,
• lack of timely pruning - buds appear only on new shoots,
• damage by pests,
• lack of food
• lack of a dormant period in winter. From October to February, watering and feeding is reduced, the temperature is lowered to 15-18 degrees. It is believed that under these conditions flower buds are laid. But the plant can bloom in winter, with sufficient lighting.

In order for the hibiscus to bloom, it should be provided with a sunny location, timely pinching and pruning of shoots, rest in winter and abundant feeding in summer. It is also necessary to monitor the condition of the plant in order to notice the damage by pests in time.

Hibiscus pests

Spider mite

One of the main enemies indoor hibiscus-. Collectors of varietal hibiscus are constantly at war with him, coming up with more and more new ways of fighting. There are many drugs to kill this pest, but the problem is that with regular treatment, ticks get used to them very quickly. Spider mite on hibiscus: photo The most popular insecticides are Fitoverm, or Kleschevit, which are safe enough for humans. Florists often use Actellik, but its vapors are poisonous, therefore this remedy is not recommended for use in closed room... The drugs Sunmite and Neoron differ in that they destroy not only the ticks themselves, but also their eggs, but these funds are not sold in conventional flower shops and often do not show much effectiveness.

Oddly enough, it is precisely “ folk ways» ... For example, spraying plants with water works very effectively, with the addition of a few drops of any essential oil(5 drops per liter of water). This should be done regularly, every week. The method is safe for humans and destructive for the tick. But it is worth skipping one or two times of such treatment - and the pests return.

By the way, if you add growth stimulants (for example) or leaf fertilizers with each spraying, the result will be even better. Of course, the drugs need to be alternated. Regular bathing of plants in a hot shower works in much the same way. Some hibiscus collectors spray the plants several times each day. warm water and wipe the windowsills with soapy water.

These methods from the outside seem too energy-intensive, but when the collections of hibiscus are large and expensive, it is better to set aside one day a week for spraying or bathing in the shower than losing the plants due to a pest invasion.

Aphids on hibiscus

Such pests are attracted by soft juicy shoots, its appearance on the plant immediately becomes noticeable due to sticky secretions and foliage deformation. Remove insects mechanically with a cotton swab and soap. Then the hibiscus should be treated with special chemicals:, Biotlin, Iskra or any others. Can be used folk methods but they may not be effective enough. The processing is repeated several times, according to the instructions. Usually the plant is re-sprayed after 2 weeks.

Gall midge: why hibiscus buds fall

The fact that hibiscus sheds buds may indicate a gall midge infection. These pests lay their eggs in the buds, therefore, as a preventive measure, all yellowed buds must be removed before they themselves fall to the ground. The soil in a pot with hibiscus is treated with a preparation against soil pests.

The problem with buds can also be associated with a lack of lighting, uneven watering, lack of nutrition, drafts, and moving the hibiscus pot around the apartment.

Diseases of indoor hibiscus

Chlorosis or why hibiscus leaves turn yellow and fall off

One of the problems with hibiscus is leaf chlorosis, that is, loss of color. The leaf blade becomes pale green, almost yellow. Also, foliage may begin to fall off. This is a sign of a lack of iron. The easiest way to return the crown saturated color- spray the plant with iron chelate. You should also change the fertilizer if it does not contain enough trace elements necessary for hibiscus. Chlorosis in hibiscus: photo Pick up good feeding it is really difficult for these plants, therefore, you often have to sort out various options.

Lack of nutrients (potassium, magnesium, zinc, sulfur)

The appearance of yellow spots, for example, after a transplant in new soil, can be caused by lime content or lack of nutrients. Then you should replace the soil or use special preparations to make up for the lack of certain substances.

• With a lack of zinc, the leaves become smaller, specks appear on them.
• Lack of sulfur is expressed in the browning of the leaf edge.
• When there is little magnesium, chlorosis occurs between the veins - the so-called "marbling" of the leaf, sometimes with the appearance of dark spots.
• The lack of potassium is expressed in the death of the leaf edge, which looks like a burn.

If the above methods do not work, the chlorosis may have been caused by viruses. Infections are carried by various pests, if such symptoms occur, you need to get rid of insects, and treat the hibiscus with fungicides.

Sunburn

Hibiscus usually tolerates direct sunlight well. But if the plant stood in the shade for a long time, and it was placed in the sun without a period of adaptation, sunburn may appear. They look like dry yellowish or red spots. The burnt leaves will have to be removed, and the flower needs to be taught to the sun gradually. It happens that the foliage is pressed against the glass - then a burn may also occur on it.

Also, sunburn is the main reason why hibiscus leaves curl.
Sunburn on hibiscus: photo The pledge of health of hibiscus - proper care... Strong immunity allows the plant to cope even with pests and provides an attractive appearance and profuse flowering.

See also a useful video about caring for hibiscus in winter and summer: