Provides regulatory and methodological documents governing the design of drainage and cleaning systems for surface (rain, thawed, watering) Wastewater with residential areas and sites of enterprises, as well as comments on the provisions of SP 32.13330.2012 “Sewerage. External networks and structures "and" Recommendations for the calculation of collection, discharge and treatment systems surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises and the determination of the conditions for its release into water bodies ”(JSC“ NII VODGEO ”). These documents allow the diversion of the most polluted part of the surface runoff for treatment in an amount of at least 70% of the annual runoff for residential areas and sites of enterprises close to them in pollution, and the total runoff from the sites of enterprises, the territory of which may be contaminated with specific substances with toxic properties or significant content organic matter... Common design practice considered engineering structures separate and general-purpose sewerage systems that allow for a short-term discharge of part of the effluent in the event of intense (heavy) rains of rare recurrence through separation chambers (storm discharges) into a water body. Situations associated with the refusal of the territorial departments of the State Expertise and the Federal Agency for Fishery to coordinate the implementation of activities on the projected capital construction projects on the basis of Article 60 of the Water Code of the Russian Federation, which prohibits the discharge of wastewater into water bodies that have not been sanitized and neutralized, are considered.

Keywords

List of cited literature

1. Danilov O. L., Kostyuchenko P. A. Practical guide for the selection and development of energy-saving projects. - M., JSC Tekhnopromstroy, 2006. S. 407–420.
2. Recommendations for calculating systems for collecting, diverting and treating surface runoff from residential areas, sites of enterprises and determining the conditions for its release into water bodies. Supplement to SP 32.13330.2012 “Sewerage. External networks and structures "(updated edition of SNiP 2.04.03-85). - M., JSC "NII VODGEO", 2014. 89 p.
3. Vereshchagina L.M., Menshutin Yu.A., Shvetsov V.N.O regulatory framework design of systems for drainage and treatment of surface wastewater: IX scientific and technical conference "Yakovlevsky readings". - M., MGSU, 2014.S. 166-170.
4. Molokov MV, Shifrin VN Treatment of surface runoff from the territories of cities and industrial sites. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1977.104 p.
5. Alekseev M.I., Kurganov A.M. Organization of drainage of surface (rain and melt) runoff from urbanized territories. - M .: Publishing house ASV; SPb, SPbGASU, 2000.352 p.

Introduction
1 area of ​​use
2. Legislative and regulatory documents
3. Terms and definitions
4. General Provisions
5. Qualitative characteristic surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises
5.1. Selection of priority indicators of surface runoff pollution in the design of treatment facilities
5.2. Determination of the calculated concentrations of pollutants during the discharge of surface runoff for treatment and release into water bodies
6. Systems and structures for drainage of surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises
6.1. Surface wastewater disposal systems and schemes
6.2. Determination of the estimated costs of rain, melt and drainage water in rainwater sewers
6.3. Determination of the estimated wastewater costs of a semi-divided sewerage system
6.4. Regulation of wastewater consumption in the rainwater drainage network
6.5. Surface runoff pumping
7. Estimated volumes of surface wastewater from residential areas and sites of enterprises
7.1. Determination of the average annual volumes of surface wastewater
7.2. Determination of the estimated volume of rainwater discharged for treatment
7.3. Determination of the estimated daily volumes of melt water discharged for treatment
8. Determination of the estimated performance of surface runoff treatment facilities
8.1. Estimated performance of treatment facilities accumulative type
8.2. Estimated capacity of flow-through treatment facilities
9. Conditions for drainage of surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises
9.1. General Provisions
9.2. Determination of permissible discharge standards (VAT) of substances and microorganisms when discharging surface wastewater into water bodies
10. Treatment facilities for surface runoff
10.1. General Provisions
10.2. Selection of the type of treatment plant based on the principle of water flow control
10.3. Basic technological principles
10.4. Cleaning surface runoff from large mechanical impurities and debris
10.5. Separation and regulation of flow into treatment facilities
10.6. Purification of wastewater from heavy mineral impurities (sand collection)
10.7. Accumulation and preliminary clarification of effluent by static sedimentation
10.8. Reagent treatment of surface runoff
10.9. Treatment of surface runoff by reagent sedimentation
10.10. Treatment of surface runoff by reagent flotation
10.11. Surface runoff treatment by contact filtration
10.12. Post-treatment of surface runoff by filtration
10.13. Adsorption
10.14. Biological treatment
10.15. Ozonation
10.16. Ion exchange
10.17. Baromembrane processes
10.18. Disinfection of surface runoff
10.19. Waste management technological processes surface wastewater treatment
10.20. Basic requirements for the control and automation of technological processes for treating surface wastewater
Bibliography
Appendix 1. Significance of rainfall rates
Appendix 2. Values ​​of parameters for determining the estimated flow rates in rainwater drainage collectors
Appendix 3. Map of the zoning of the territory Russian Federation along the layer of melt runoff
Appendix 4. Map of the zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation by coefficient C
Appendix 5. Methodology for calculating the volume of the tank to regulate surface runoff in the rainwater drainage network
Appendix 6. Methods for calculating performance pumping stations for pumping surface runoff
Appendix 7. Methodology for determining the maximum daily rainfall runoff for residential areas and enterprises of the first group
Appendix 8. Methodology for calculating the daily precipitation layer with given probability excess (for enterprises of the second group)
Appendix 9. Normalized deviations from the mean of the ordinates of the log-normal distribution curve Ф at different meanings security and coefficient of asymmetry
Appendix 10. Normalized deviations of the ordinates of the binomial distribution curve Ф for different values ​​of security and the coefficient of asymmetry
Appendix 11. Average daily precipitation layers Нср, coefficients of variation and asymmetry for different territorial regions of the Russian Federation
Appendix 12. Methodology and an example of calculating the daily volume of melt water discharged for treatment

FEDERAL AGENCY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES
(ROSSTROY)

Introduction Section 3. General Provisions Section 4. Qualitative characteristics of surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises 4.1. Selection of priority indicators of surface runoff pollution in the design of treatment facilities 4.2. Determination of the calculated concentrations of pollutants during the discharge of surface runoff for treatment and release into water bodies Section 5. Quantitative characteristics of surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises 5.1. Determination of the average annual volumes of surface wastewater 5.2. Determination of the estimated volumes of surface wastewater when discharging them for treatment 5.3. Determination of the estimated costs of rain and melt water in rainwater sewers 5.4. Determination of the estimated flow rates of surface runoff when discharged for treatment and into water bodies Section 6. Conditions for drainage of surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises 6.1. General Provisions 6.2. Determination of MPD standards for pollutants when discharging surface wastewater into water bodies Section 7. Systems and structures for collection and disposal of surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises 7.1. Surface runoff collection and disposal schemes 7.2. Structures for regulating surface runoff during disposal for treatment and methods of their calculation 7.3. Surface runoff pumping 7.4. Determination of the estimated performance of treatment facilities Section 8. Treatment of surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises 8.1. General Provisions 8.2. Mechanical cleaning 8.3. Wastewater treatment by flotation 8.4. Filtration 8.5. Reagent treatment of surface runoff 8.6. Biological treatment 8.7. Ion exchange 8.8. Adsorption 8.9. Ozonation 8.10. Sludge treatment 8.11. Disinfection of surface runoff Legend: BIBLIOGRAPHY Appendix 1 Classification of regions of the Russian Federation depending on climatic conditions Appendix 2 Values ​​of rainfall rates q20 Appendix 3 Values ​​of parameters n, mr, γ to determine the estimated flow rates in rainwater drainage collectors Appendix 4 Average rainfall per day with precipitation Appendix 5 Methodology for constructing a graph of the probability distribution function of daily rain layers and an example of calculating a daily rain layer with a given period of one-time excess P< 1 года Appendix 6 Methodology for calculating the daily precipitation layer with a given probability of exceeding Appendix 7 Schemes for regulating surface runoff and methods for calculating the flow rate of wastewater discharged for treatment and into water bodies Appendix 8 Methodology for calculating the productivity of pumping stations for pumping surface runoff

Introduction

3. Rules for the use of municipal water supply and sewerage systems in the Russian Federation.

The recommendations were developed by a team of specialists from the State Research Center of the Russian Federation FSUE "NII VODGEO" under the supervision of a Doctor of Technical Sciences, consisting of: Candidates of Technical Sciences, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Engineer, Candidates of Technical Sciences, Doctor of Technical Sciences.

When developing the Recommendations, the data of field studies obtained by specialists of the LNII AKH named after V.I. , VNIIVO and a number of sectoral research organizations at enterprises of various industries, as well as data on the experience of operating treatment facilities for surface runoff from the territories of cities and industrial enterprises, designed and built over the past 30 years.

The recommended calculation of systems for collecting and discharging surface wastewater is based on the method of limiting intensities, developed and later developed by an engineer, doctor of technical sciences, candidate of technical sciences, doctors of technical sciences and A. M. Kurganov.

The authors express special gratitude to the chief specialist of the State Unitary Enterprise "Soyuzvodokanalproekt", Candidate of Technical Sciences for the assistance in the preparation of the Recommendations, as well as to the participants of the NII VODGEO seminar "Systems for collection, drainage and treatment of surface runoff from residential areas of cities and industrial enterprises" (April 6-7, 2005 Moscow), dedicated to the new version of the Recommendations, for the comments and suggestions made.

1 With the release of these recommendations "Temporary recommendations for the design of facilities for treating surface runoff from the territories of industrial enterprises and the calculation of the conditions for its release into water bodies", published by VNII VODGEO in 1983, become invalid.

Section 1. Legislative and Regulatory Documents

1. Water Code of the Russian Federation of November 16, 1995.

3. Security rules surface waters... - M., 1991.

4. SanPiN 2.1.5.980-00. Hygiene requirements to the protection of surface waters.

5. GOST 17.1.3.13-86. General requirements to the protection of surface waters from pollution.

6. Rules for the use of municipal water supply and sewerage systems in the Russian Federation. Approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 000 dated February 12, 1999.

7. SNiP 2.04.03-85. Sewerage. External networks and facilities.

8. SNiP 23-01-99. Construction climatology.

9.GOST 17.1.1.01-77. Protection of Nature. Hydrosphere. Use and protection of waters. Basic terms and definitions.

10. GOST 17.1.3.13-86. Protection of Nature. Hydrosphere. Classification of water bodies.

11. SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03. Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Regulations.

12. GOST 27065-86. Water quality. Terms and Definitions.

13. GOST 19179-73. Land hydrology. Terms and Definitions.

14. List of fishery standards: maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) and tentatively safe exposure levels (TSEL) harmful substances for water of water bodies with fishery purpose... Approved by order of Roskomrybolovstvo dated June 28, 1999 No. 96.

15. GN 2.1.5.1315-03. Maximum allowable concentration (MPC) chemical substances in the water of water bodies for household and drinking and cultural and household water use. Hygiene standards... Approved and put into effect by the Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of April 30, 2003 No. 78.

16. GN 2.1.5.1316-03. Tentatively permissible levels (TAC) of chemicals in water of water bodies of household, drinking and cultural and household water use. Hygienic standards. Approved and put into effect by the decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of 01.01.01, No. 78.

Section 2. Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:

STORAGE CAPACITY(surface runoff accumulator) - a structure for receiving, collecting and averaging the flow rate and composition of surface wastewater from residential areas and sites of enterprises for the purpose of their subsequent treatment.

After collecting the initial data, determining the heat losses of the house and the power of the radiators, it remains to perform the hydraulic calculation of the heating system. Correctly executed, it is a guarantee of correct, quiet, stable and reliable work heating systems. Moreover, it is a way to avoid unnecessary investment and energy costs.

Calculations and work to be done in advance

Hydraulic calculation is the most time consuming and complex design stage.

• First, the balance of heated rooms and premises is determined.
• Secondly, it is necessary to select the type of heat exchangers or heating appliances, and also carry out their arrangement on the plan of the house.
• Thirdly, the calculation of heating a private house assumes that a choice has already been made regarding the configuration of the system, the types of pipelines and fittings (regulating and shut-off).
• Fourth, a drawing must be made heating system... It is best if it is an axonometric diagram. It should indicate the numbers, the length of the calculated sections and the heat loads.
• Fifth, the main circulation ring is installed. it closed loop, including successive sections of the pipeline directed to the device riser (when considering a one-pipe system) or to the most remote heating device (if there is a two-pipe system) and back to the heat source.

Heating calculation in wooden house performed in the same way as in a brick or in any other country cottage.

Calculation procedure

Hydraulic calculation of the heating system involves the solution of the following tasks:

• determination of the diameters of the pipeline at various sections (this takes into account the economically feasible and recommended speeds of the coolant movement);
• calculation of hydraulic pressure losses at various sites;
• hydraulic balancing of all branches of the system (hydraulic instrumentation and others). It involves the use of control valves that allow dynamic balancing under non-stationary hydraulic and thermal modes of operation of the heating system;
• coolant flow rate and calculation of pressure losses.

Are there free software for calculations?

To simplify the calculation of the heating system of a private house, you can use special programs. Of course, there are not so many of them as graphic editors, but there is still a choice. Some are distributed free of charge, others in demo versions. In any case, it will be possible to make the necessary calculations one or two times without material investments.

Oventrop CO software

Free software"Oventrop CO" is designed to perform the hydraulic calculation of the heating of a country house.

The Oventrop CO software is designed to provide graphical assistance during the heating design phase. It allows hydraulic calculations for both one-pipe and two-pipe systems. It is simple and convenient to work in it: there is already ready-made blocks, error control is carried out, a huge catalog of materials

Based on the preliminary settings and the selection of heating devices, piping and fittings, new systems can be designed. In addition, it is possible to adjust the existing circuit. It is carried out by selecting the capacity of the equipment already available in accordance with the needs of the heated rooms and premises.

Both of these options can be combined in this program, allowing you to adjust existing fragments and design new ones. For any variant of the calculation, Oventrop CO selects the settings for the reinforcement. In terms of performing hydraulic calculations for this program ample opportunities: from selection of pipeline diameters to analysis of water consumption in equipment. All results (tables, diagrams, figures) can be printed or transferred to the Windows environment.

Instal-Therm HCR software

The Instal-Therm HCR software allows you to calculate the radiator and radiant heating system.

It is supplied in the InstalSystem TECE kit, which includes three more programs: Instal-San T (for designing cold and hot water supply), Instal-Heat & Energy (for calculating heat losses) and Instal-Scan (for scanning drawings).

The Instal-Therm HCR program is supplied with extensive catalogs of materials (pipes, water consumers, fittings, radiators, thermal insulation and valves and fittings). The calculation results are issued in the form of a specification for the materials and products offered by the program. Only drawback trial version- it is impossible to print it

Computing capabilities of "Instal-Therm HCR": - selection by diameter of pipes and fittings, as well as tees, fittings, distributors, bushings and pipeline thermal insulation; - determination of the lifting height of the pumps located in the mixers of the system or on the site; - hydraulic and thermal calculations heating surfaces, automatic detection optimal temperature entrance (power supply); - selection of radiators, taking into account the cooling in the pipelines of the working agent.

The trial version is free to use, but it has a number of limitations. First, as with most shareware programs, the results cannot be printed or exported. Second, only three projects can be created in each of the package applications. True, you can change them as much as you like. Thirdly, the created project is saved in a modified format. Files with this extension will not be read by any other trial version or even the standard version.

HERZ C.O. software

The program "HERZ C.O." is freely distributed. With its help, you can make a hydraulic calculation for both one-pipe and two-pipe heating systems. An important difference from others is the ability to perform calculations in new or reconstructed buildings, where a glycolic mixture acts as a coolant. This software has a certificate of conformity from CSPS LLC.

"HERZ C.O." provides the user with the following options: selection of pipes by diameter, settings of pressure difference regulators (branching, base of drains); analysis of water consumption and determination of pressure losses in equipment; calculation of the hydraulic resistance of the circulating rings; taking into account the necessary authorities of thermostatic valves; decline in circulation rings overpressure by adjusting the valve settings. For the convenience of the user, graphical data entry is organized. The calculation results are displayed in the form of diagrams and floor plans.

Schematic representation of the results of calculations in "HERZ C.O." much more convenient specification for materials and products, in the form of which the results of calculations in other programs are displayed

The program has a developed context-sensitive help that provides information about individual commands or entered parameters. Multi-window operation allows you to view several types of data and totals at the same time. Working with a plotter and printer is very simple, you can preview the output pages before printing.

HERZ C.O. program equipped with a convenient function of automatic search and diagnosis of errors in tables and diagrams, as well as quick access to catalog data of fittings, heating devices and pipes

Modern control systems with constantly changing thermal conditions require equipment to monitor and control changes.

It is very difficult to make a choice of control valves without knowing the market situation. Therefore, in order to calculate the heating for the area of ​​the whole house, it is better to use a software application with a large library of materials and products. Not only the operation of the system itself depends on the correctness of the data obtained, but also the amount of capital investment that will be required to organize it.

Introduction
1 area of ​​use
2. Normative references
3. Basic terms and definitions
4. General provisions
5. Qualitative characteristics of surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises
5.1. Selection of priority indicators of surface runoff pollution in the design of treatment facilities
5.2. Determination of the calculated concentrations of pollutants during the discharge of surface runoff for treatment and release into water bodies
6. Systems and structures for drainage of surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises
6.1. Surface wastewater disposal systems and schemes
6.2. Determination of the estimated costs of rain, melt and drainage water in rainwater sewers
6.3. Determination of the estimated wastewater costs of a semi-divided sewerage system
6.4. Regulation of wastewater consumption in the rainwater drainage network
6.5. Surface runoff pumping
7. Estimated volumes of surface wastewater from residential areas and sites of enterprises
7.1. Determination of the average annual volumes of surface wastewater
7.2. Determination of the estimated volume of rainwater discharged for treatment
7.3. Determination of the estimated daily volumes of melt water discharged for treatment
8. Determination of the estimated performance of surface runoff treatment facilities
8.1. Estimated capacity of storage-type treatment facilities
8.2. Estimated capacity of flow-through treatment facilities
9. Conditions for drainage of surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises
9.1. General Provisions
9.2. Determination of permissible discharge standards (VAT) of substances and microorganisms when discharging surface wastewater into water bodies
10. Treatment facilities for surface runoff
10.1. General Provisions
10.2. Selection of the type of treatment plant based on the principle of water flow control
10.3. Basic technological principles
10.4. Cleaning surface runoff from large mechanical impurities and debris
10.5. Separation and regulation of effluent in wastewater treatment plants
10.6. Purification of wastewater from heavy mineral impurities (sand collection)
10.7. Accumulation and preliminary clarification of effluent by static sedimentation
10.8. Reagent treatment of surface runoff
10.9. Treatment of surface runoff by reagent sedimentation
10.10. Treatment of surface runoff by reagent flotation
10.11. Surface runoff treatment by contact filtration
10.12. Post-treatment of surface runoff by filtration
10.13. Adsorption
10.14. Biological treatment
10.15. Ozonation
10.16. Ion exchange
10.17. Baromembrane processes
10.18. Disinfection of surface runoff
10.19. Waste management of technological processes of surface wastewater treatment
10.20. Basic requirements for the control and automation of technological processes for treating surface wastewater
Bibliography
Appendix A. Terms and definitions
Appendix B. Meaning of rainfall rates
Appendix B. Values ​​of parameters for determining the estimated flow rates in rainwater drainage collectors
Appendix D. Map of the zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation by the layer of melt runoff
Appendix D. Map of the zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation by coefficient C
Appendix E. Methodology for calculating the volume of the tank for regulating surface runoff in the rainwater drainage network
Appendix G. Methods for calculating the productivity of pumping stations for pumping surface runoff
Appendix I. Methodology for determining the value of the maximum daily layer of rainfall for residential areas and enterprises of the first group
Appendix K. Methodology for calculating the maximum daily precipitation layer with a given probability of exceeding
Appendix L. Normalized deviations from the mean value of the ordinates of the logarithmically normal distribution curve Ф for different values ​​of security and the coefficient of asymmetry
Appendix M. Normalized deviations of the ordinates of the binomial distribution curve Ф for different values ​​of the security and the coefficient of asymmetry
Appendix H. Average daily precipitation layers Нср, coefficients of variation and asymmetry for different territorial regions of the Russian Federation
Appendix P. Methodology and an example of calculating the daily volume of melt water discharged for treatment