The business plan of the enterprise is ready. Business plan writing plan (example)

Hello, dear readers of the online magazine about money "RichPro.ru"! This article will focus on how how to draw up a business plan... This publication is a straightforward action guide that transforms a raw business idea into a confident step-by-step plan for achieving a clear goal.

We'll consider:

What is a business plan and what is it for;
How to draw up a business plan correctly;
How to structure it and write it yourself;
Ready-made business plans for small businesses - examples and samples with calculations.

At the end of the topic, we will show the main mistakes of aspiring entrepreneurs. There will be a lot of arguments in favor of creating quality and thoughtful a business plan that will bring your idea to life and success affairs in the future.

Also, this article will provide examples of ready-made works that you can simply use, or you can take as a basis for developing your project. Ready examples of the presented business plans can be free download.

In addition, we will answer the most frequently asked questions and clarify why not everyone writes a business plan, if it is so necessary.

So let's start in order!

The structure of a business plan and the content of its main sections - step by step guide on its compilation

7. Conclusion + related video 🎥

For every entrepreneur who wants to develop himself and develop his business, a business plan is very important. It performs many important functions that no other person can do otherwise.

With its help, you can enlist financial support and open, develop your business much earlier than you can collect a significant amount for the business.

The majority of investors react positively to a good, well-thought-out business plan written without errors, as they see this as a way of quietly earning money with all the invented and described troubles.

In addition, even before the opening of the establishment, you can see what awaits you. What risks are possible, what solution algorithms will be relevant in a given situation. This is not only favorable information for the investor, but also the necessary plan if you get into trouble on your own. In the end, if the calculation of risks turns out to be too daunting, you can redo a little, transform the general idea to reduce them.

Creation good business plan - this is perfect solution to search for investments and develop their own algorithms for action, even in the most difficult situations, of which there are more than enough in business.

That is why, in addition to their own efforts it is worth using "other people's brains"... A business plan implies many sections and calculations, research and knowledge, only with successful operation, with which you can achieve success.

The ideal would be to study all aspects on your own. For this, it is not enough to sit and read the relevant literature. It is worth changing the social circle, referring to courses and trainings, finding specialists for advice on certain issues... This is the only way really figure it out in the situation and dispel all your doubts and delusions.

A business plan is worth writing for many reasons, however home Is a clear algorithm of actions by which you can quickly get from point A(your current position full of hopes and fears) to point B(in which you will already be the owner of your own successful business consistently and regularly generating income). This is the first step towards realizing your dreams and confident status middle class.

If you still have questions, then perhaps you will find the answers to them in the video: "How to draw up a business plan (for yourself and investors)".

That's all for us. We wish you all good luck in your business! We will also be grateful for your comments on this article, share your opinions, ask questions on the topic of publication.

Business plan has many definitions, but in short, then this is step by step instruction to bring any business idea to life... Planning a future business or improving an existing enterprise is not only a basic requirement for investors, creditors and partners, but also a necessity for a businessman.
Drawing up a business plan implies a deep and accurate analysis of all aspects of the future of the enterprise, and this allows you to turn an idea into specific goals and numbers. And also, a business plan is always an unfinished book, as in the process of changes economic conditions, competitive environment, investment market, you can always make adjustments for successful business promotion.

Any business idea can become a successful business if the future entrepreneur clearly understands what he needs to implement his plans... It is the business plan that is Starting point to start a business, which makes it possible to assess the real state of affairs, study the market and competitors, give an adequate assessment of your capabilities, and think about how to make your business unique, and therefore in demand.

Basic principles of preparing a business plan

So what should be sure to be in the business plan .

1) Project summary. This is a concise description of a business idea, a vision for development and tools for achieving results. Also, the resume should display data on what advantages you see in your business in comparison with other players in the market. In one word, this section should give brief description your business idea.

2) Information about the company. Here it is necessary to indicate the name of the enterprise, the form of ownership, the legal and actual address of the company, and describe the structure of the enterprise.

It is also necessary to describe the goods or services with the production or sale of which you intend to enter the market.

Indicate the main goals of the enterprise.

3) Market analysis. This part involves considering the conditions in which you are going to enter the market - the competitive environment, demand, what price you are going to charge, and how much profit you will get over the next three years. It is also necessary to indicate exactly what benefits of your products or services will be especially attractive to consumers.

4) Product. This part should contain detailed description future goods or services that you offer to the consumer. You also need to indicate which target audience your activities will be focused on, indicate future suppliers, partners, contractors and other counterparties with whom you plan to cooperate.

5) Development strategy. This section assumes a description of the development tools for the future enterprise - growth rates, advertising, possible expansion.

6) Tools for the operation of the enterprise. In this chapter, you need to reflect information about what equipment you are going to use, how to pack goods, deliver, and if these are services, then where you will provide them and by what means.

It is also worth including information about your team in this section - from the management team to the auxiliary workers.

7) Financial analysis. This section is key in the business plan , which should be the rationale for your idea in numbers. Here it is necessary to analyze and calculate all the costs associated with the organization of the enterprise, its location, maintenance costs, payment for employees, settlements with suppliers, etc. You need to take into account everything, up to the purchase of a pack of paper.

Also in this section, include information on your actions in the event of arrears from partners, buyers or suppliers. What debt recovery schemes are you going to use, and how can you protect yourself from such situations.

8) Accompanying documents. This is certainly not a section, but an important component of a business plan. It is necessary to attach all documents relating directly to the enterprise as a legal entity, lease agreement, resume, job descriptions etc.

Common mistakes in business plans

Examples of business plans can be viewed endlessly, but a beginner may not always be the main disadvantages of a business plan. Often, a business idea does not come to life because it is absolutely impossible to see the main essence and advantages of the future enterprise in the business plan.

So let's consider major mistakes that inexperienced businessmen admit while working on a business plan:

Unnecessary information. Often business plans are written in such a way that, behind a description of the professional skills of employees, information about the business itself is lost, or the story about competitors turns into an essay “Who offers the same products as mine and what a fellow I am, what can I do better (or cheaper ) ". In fact, a list of competitors is enough, a few words about the pros and cons in their work, pricing policy and an indication of your advantages over them.

Unreasonable numbers . As mentioned earlier, financial analysis is decisive for a business plan, therefore all calculations should be made on the basis of real numbers. Of course, it is easier and faster to estimate "by eye", but if you seriously decided to do your business, then remember that any business loves accuracy.

In order for the investor to be able to become interested in you, take the trouble to work to ensure that all the numbers in the business plan were reasonable... Keep in mind that investors and lenders are prepared to negotiate, as it comes about their money. And, in the event of even a slight uncertainty in the reality of your calculations, you can forget about investing in your business.

Vague information about goals and tools to achieve them . This problem arises, as a rule, when there is an idea, but there is no vision of its implementation, or, this vision has an incomplete form. Roughly speaking, if the future businessman has not thought everything through to the end.

A business plan must disclose a list of specific goals and ways to achieve them, work with the target audience, assess its solvency, clearly define the place in the market that you plan to occupy, and who exactly will be your main competitor. Indicate what is the basis for such conclusions (analysis, market research, survey, etc.).

Overestimated expected result . Often, when calculating the potential profitability of a future business, the dreams of entrepreneurs prevail over the real numbers. You should not get carried away with what you want, but it is better to honestly look at reality. If adequate figures are taken into account in the financial analysis, then the expected financial result will also have a real form.

Don't try to impress lenders, partners and investors with profits of 500%. Believe me, they will calculate your result much faster and more accurately in their head, because their experience and knowledge will be greater than yours. And if the presented idea is worthwhile, even if not profitable from the first day, but promising in the future, it will not be overlooked.

Example of a business plan

So let's consider an example of a business plan for a cafe " Goodtime ».

Summary .

Title - Cafe "Goodtime".

Organizational and legal form - Limited Liability Company.

Location - Kiev

Provided services - Cafe, bar, karaoke, festive events, trainings, seminars.

Working hours - 8.00-23.00 without a break and days off.

Staff - 1 manager, 2 administrators, 1 bartender, 4 waiters, 2 cooks, 1 art director, 1 cleaner, 2 dishwashers.

The required start-up capital is UAH 500,000.00.

Expenses per month - UAH 197,000.00.

The planned investment return period is 18 months.

Competition is high

Demand is high

Planned income per month - UAH 180,000.00.

Planned expense - UAH 120,000.00.

Planned net profit - UAH 60,000.00.

Cafe services and goods .

Goodtime Cafe will provide the following services:

1) Services of a cafe, bar.

2) Conducting trainings, seminars.

3) Themed parties.

4) Karaoke services.

5) Providing Wi-Fi for visitors.

6) A separate playroom for children.

The goods that the Goodtime cafe will sell:

1) Confectionery of our own production.

2) Semi-finished products of our own production.

3) Lunch / dinner with home delivery or "take away".

4) Sale of coffee and tea by weight.

The target audience .

The work of the cafe is aimed at people aged 18-55 with average income and above average. They should be interested in spending time in cozy atmosphere, with the opportunity to participate in interesting programs, singing songs in karaoke. Each client must bring income in the amount of 50-250 UAH.

Also, the planned consumers of services are small firms that are interested in holding events for small groups of people 10-30 people.

Marketing methods .

1) Distribution of flyers-invitations to the opening.

Customer retention tools .

1) An interesting menu, the ability to prepare meals to order from customers.

2) Promotions, discounts for regular customers.

3) Carrying out interesting themed parties.

4) Gifts for regular customers in the form of desserts, drinks.

5) Service at the highest level.

Competitors .

The Goodtime cafe will be opened in the center of the sleeping area, where 4 cafes of a similar level are also operating. But, our cafe will have the following advantages:

1) Availability of karaoke;

2) The presence of a children's playground;

3) Possibility of ordering food at home;

4) Theme nights.

5) The location of the cafe has a convenient entrance and a parking place.

Café opening action plan .

1) Market analysis.

2) Selection of the team.

3) Renovation of the premises.

4) Purchase necessary equipment and equipment for work.

5) Elaboration of the menu and a plan of upcoming events.

6) Registration of activities and obtaining all necessary permits.

8) Checking the cafe for performance.

9) Opening.

The financial analysis .

One-time costs:

Purchase of equipment and inventory - UAH 350,000.00.
Renovation of the premises - UAH 150,000.00

Total: UAH 500,000.00

Recurring costs:

Rent - UAH 50,000.00
Salary - UAH 48,000.00
Utility bills, internet - UAH 8,000.00.
Purchase of products - UAH 70,000.00.
Taxes and fees - UAH 21,000.00

Total: UAH 197,000.00

Payback period:

Provided that the cafe will be visited by 50 people a day and the income from each will be 150 UAH, the payback period will come in 18 months.

50 people * UAH 150 * 30 days = UAH 225,000.00

UAH 225,000.00 - UAH 197,000.00 = UAH 28,000.00

UAH 500,000.00 / UAH 28,000.00 = 17.86 ≈18 months.

Conclusion

Subject to the correct implementation of the idea and effective work advertising company, cafe administration and art director, you can count on profit after the first month of work. Considering that the cafe opens in autumn, the attendance is expected to be high in the next 6-9 months. To keep clients in summer period, in the future it is possible to open a summer area.

So, it is possible to draw up a business plan yourself. Here is a simplified version, due to the fact that it deals with production issues. Also, keep in mind that this is just an example, so the figures shown are very approximate. If you decide to take it as a basis, conduct a thorough analysis of the financial side of the issue yourself.

And yet, if you are not sure about the issue of business planning, then you can always use the services of professionals who will work out your idea well and turn it into quality business plan.

But, most importantly, persistently move in the direction of your goal and not despair, because mistakes are always possible. The most important thing in business is not that you cannot make mistakes, but the ability to quickly navigate the situation and choose the right direction for solving problems.

Your future project. How to write a business plan? Step-by-step instruction this article will help in this matter.

Business plan objectives

Writing a business plan can be different depending on why you need it. One of the most common purposes is to present it for investment. Such a business plan for a project is the most difficult one. Often, third parties are involved in its writing - specialists in their field who will create a suitable business plan for the investor's approval.

It happens that the manager instructs to write a business plan for the company, for example, for opening a branch. In this case, too, they often refer to outside specialists to draw up such plans. Ultimately, the contractor may only need to make some adjustments for the needs of the company.

Well, when a business plan is necessary to start your own business, it is best to write it from cover to cover yourself. Although this is a difficult process, it is exciting and very interesting. After all, your own business is a real brainchild of an entrepreneur. And therefore, their creation is treated very carefully and thoroughly. The article provides instructions on how to draw up a business plan for your business.

Initial idea

Basically, those who decide to open their own enterprise have already chosen and are well aware of their field of activity. But there are entrepreneurs who want to have their own business, but do not yet clearly know what they will be doing. They are looking for a business idea. It is difficult to overestimate its importance. The idea should fit the interests and desires of the entrepreneur himself.

It can be a favorite business, which a person is ready to do even for free, or a business that already brings guaranteed income. In any case, having chosen a niche for yourself, it is important to no longer be distracted by anything else and not dream of unattainable peaks, but step by step to embody your real idea in life. A business plan will really help in this matter.

How to write a business plan? Step-by-step instruction

So, having imagined what the future business will be, you can proceed to writing a business plan. There are special planning standards. Therefore, if it will be submitted for investment, you should choose an appropriate standard and adhere to it when writing.

To help you figure out how to write a business plan, step-by-step instructions and generally accepted standards will serve you well, as they are validated by people who know these issues professionally. An entrepreneur will be able to sort through his, perhaps not yet fully formed, thoughts and bring his business to life.

A standard business plan consists of the following chapters:

General Provisions.
Market analysis.
Marketing and strategic plan.
Costs.
Production plan.
Investments.
Financial plan.

Summary

Here the essence of the matter, a description of a business idea, information about its objective necessity in the market, terms of implementation, and competitiveness should be briefly displayed.

Of course, this part in to a greater extent intended for potential investors. It is they who, after reading the resume, conclude whether it is worth reading this plan further or not. Therefore, if it is supposed to be presented to the investor, it is necessary to carefully describe this part, perhaps returning to it again and again, making adjustments after the compilation of the following chapters.

However, for their own needs, this part is also important, since it helps the entrepreneur to better see the whole process of organizing the business as a whole.

General Provisions

If the resume is written about one - maximum two pages, then this chapter can be written in more detail. That is, in fact, the chapter "General Provisions" contains the same information as the summary, but in a more detailed form invites the reader to get acquainted with the project as a whole.

It describes the characteristics and implementation of the project, its life cycle, the possibility of additional development and forecast of changes in the product with a possible change in the market trend.

The service business plan in this chapter should contain information about what the particular service is and how it will attract customers. For example, a business plan describes all the proposed services, their characteristics and distinctive features... An attractive feature here is the legend about how celebrities undergo procedures in the salon or how individual specialists provide them with these services, how specialists were trained directly with the brand of product with which they work.

Market analysis

In parallel with writing a business plan or before drawing it up, it is necessary to conduct a market analysis. This is an extremely important part, because the success of the future project directly depends on it.

Having chosen a market niche and target audience, they conduct a thorough analysis in order to identify how relevant the project's business plan, the initial proposal and its idea are. If the analysis reveals an excess of supply, then it is worth returning to the idea and trying to correct it in such a way that it corresponds to the state of affairs in the market. If there is an increased demand, then everything is in order, and you can safely proceed to further actions.

Market analysis is carried out different ways... But if there are problems with its implementation, there are companies where you can outsource market analysis.

Nevertheless, the entrepreneur is advised to sort out this issue himself, since any third-party organizations will give only an objective average result, not fully taking into account the business plans of small businesses and all the nuances of the business idea of the author of the project.

Marketing and strategic planning

This plan includes bringing the product to market, its development, pricing, sales and distribution system, and advertising. To display a product, it is advisable to build a Gantt chart, which will display the dates of the implementation of various activities. Based on the analysis of the market and competitiveness, a strategy is calculated, how the market will be conquered and what tactical actions will be required for implementation.

Pricing is based on economic calculations and the expected earnings of the company. Sales and distribution can be represented in the form of a diagram, where you will see the entire process in stages. For example, from the receipt of the goods at the warehouse and to the receipt of money for the goods and their sale.

Costs and production schedule

This chapter includes the purchase of the necessary equipment, repairs, rental of premises and other costs. In the production schedule, it is necessary to reflect how many people are required to implement the project, the schedule of their work, deductions of wages and related payments.

They will become much more attractive for the investor if there is a ready-made team that will work on the project, as this proves the entrepreneur's ability to implement his plans. Therefore, it would be appropriate to emphasize this fact in the business plan.

Production plan

If the company will be a manufacturing company, then here it is necessary to describe the production process, as well as partners and suppliers who will be involved in the case. For example, the farm business plan in this chapter should include equipment for milking, bottling, packaging milk and a mechanism for marketing it through specific suppliers.

Financial plan and investment

The most critical part of the entire business plan is, of course, the financial plan. Moreover, if the project is intended for the investor's acquaintance, then after reading the resume, a serious investor will most likely look at the financial plan. After all, it is here that the entrepreneur's real ability to implement business ideas will be visible. This is the essence of entrepreneurial activity.

The financial plan contains all the information about the possible costs and revenues of the project. Based on the marketing, strategic plan and costs, a table is compiled for several years, which displays the required investments and the schedule for their repayment, all costs and possible income.

The final part of the financial plan must necessarily be the calculation of the profitability of the future business.

The reader now knows how to write a business plan. The step-by-step guide provided in this article is a short tutorial demonstrating the importance of understanding goals and the need for business planning.

Business plan: sample and purpose of the document + reasons for drawing up + 5 stages of creation + writing features for investors and for personal purposes + structure + 15 tips + 7 illustrative examples.

Any actions must be planned and displayed on paper. This is especially true for entrepreneurship. No business planning, i.e. detailed optimization of resources and determination of further tasks, even an experienced entrepreneur will not be able to achieve their goals.

Therefore, it is so important to have at hand sample business plan and compose it correctly. This material will help you with this.

Why and who needs a business plan?

There are several definitions of a business plan on the Internet.

The most common ones are:

Those. a business plan is a document that describes in detail and ways to implement it. Thanks to him, you can fully justify your project, evaluate the effectiveness from all sides decisions taken, to understand the feasibility of financing in a particular activity.

The business plan shows:

business development prospects;
sales market volumes, potential consumers;
profitability of the project;
forthcoming expenses for the production and sale of products, the supply of its market, etc.

A business development plan is a tool that evaluates the final results of activities for a specific period of time. It can be used to attract investors and is necessary in the creation of a business concept, company strategy.

Drawing up a business plan is one of the important, crucial stages of planning. It is being developed both for those enterprises that produce goods and for those whose specialization is the provision of services.

Before writing a business plan, specialists or the owner of the company determine the tasks, the means for their implementation. The developed document can attract lenders to implement ideas. For this reason, it is impossible to exaggerate its importance.

Business development plan purpose:

analysis of aspects of entrepreneurship;
competent management of finances, operations;
justification of the need to obtain investments (bank loans, equity participation of companies in the implementation of the project, budget allocations, etc.);
taking into account the financial capabilities and threats (risks) of the enterprise;
selection of the optimal direction of development.

Entrepreneurs write business plans for the following reasons:

Features of drawing up a plan for personal purposes and creditors

It is important to see the difference between a business plan, which is written for internal use, and a document, so to speak "ceremonial", to be transferred to creditors.

1. Create a plan for personal purposes.

If you intend to use the sample business plan and compose it for yourself, please note that it will take the form practical guidance to further actions.

In this case, the business development plan should answer the following questions:

What kind of activity are you (will you be doing)?
What product / service does your company offer to the market?
Who are the consumers, clients?
What goals should you achieve?
What means are needed to achieve the goals?
Who is responsible for completing certain tasks?
How long does it take to get it done?
What investments will be required?
What results should the actions lead to?

You need to understand that when drawing up a working document, you need to reflect the real state of affairs in order to know in which direction to move, what to take, what to strive for.

2. Document for investors.

When developing a business plan for the purpose of providing lenders / investors, the methodology is different. The person or organization that will finance your venture should receive a document detailing the situation and the main objectives.

It is your responsibility to convince investors that their money will be used rationally, to identify benefits for them. A business plan must be drawn up logically, every action must be justified.

If you are in doubt in any area, study it more carefully, because according to the program you have outlined, lenders will most likely have "uncomfortable" questions. And how you answer them, the amount of the initial investment for opening / developing your own business will depend.

Confidence in delivery is also of particular importance. It is good if you can display statistics in the business plan, referring to the example of another firm. This will increase your chances of getting your investment.

When writing a business plan, it is worth sticking to business style and respect the structure.

Sample business plan: structure

Regardless of the purpose for which you draw up a plan, work with it takes place in 5 stages:

As a business builder, you have no problem making the first two points. But what should be the proper structure of a business plan?

Let's analyze the main sections, what information they contain and how to correctly compose them.

# 1. Title page.

He acts like this to himself business card... It indicates: the name of your company, contact information, address information, phone numbers of the founders.

In addition, the title should contain the content of the entire document (chapter - page number). When composing a title, be short, and present information concisely.

The total volume of the business plan is about 30-35 pages, taking into account the attachments.

* Business plan (sample title page)

# 2. An introductory part of a sample business development plan.

It takes approximately 2 A4 sheets. The introduction describes the main aspects of your business, its essence, what advantages it has.

It is necessary to write what is attractive to buyers for the product / service, what is the size of the expected profit. If attraction is supposed Money for a business, the introductory part indicates the amount of capital that you need.

Usually the introduction is devoted to the following points of the plan:

The introductory part is made up last, because it describes the general picture of the company's activities.
You can fully depict it only after studying all the nuances of the case.

You can study a sample of this and the rest of the plan at the end of this material - there are collected examples of this document for the main areas of business.

No. 3. The main body of the business plan.

The main section concerns the type of activity and all its key points, the cost of the project.

It consists of subsections:

production;
financial;
marketing;
organizational;
business efficiency calculation;
risks.

We'll look at them separately.

In the end follows final part... In it, you need to take stock of the work done, give a clear definition of the tasks.

Subsections of the main body of business plans

# 1. Development of the production subsection of the business plan.

The main section of the document is the most capacious. Its subsections represent each aspect of your case.

For example, industrial shows what equipment will be used, what premises you have, how much money will be needed to purchase and launch a business.

Also, this plan is intended so that you can calculate the production capacity, determine the likely prospects for growth in production volumes.

In addition, it contains information on the full provision of raw materials, components, illuminates questions about the need for labor, time and fixed costs of the business.

To ensure that the production subsection of the plan has a clear structure and contains all the necessary information, indicate:

how well the production process is established, are there innovative solutions;
methods of supplying resources, the degree of development of the transport system;
a complete description of the technologies, why they were chosen;
whether it is necessary to buy / rent premises for doing business;
the composition of the required personnel and all data about it, labor costs;
possible maximum volume of products;
information about suppliers, business subcontractors;
the cost of each product;
an estimate with a mention of running costs, etc.

# 2. Development of the financial subsection of the plan.

Financial plan summarizes all the stated data by economic indicators for business, i.e. in a cost option.

This includes business reports:

Balance sheet (confirming the company's ability to timely settle its monetary obligations).

Financial results, profit and loss.

It highlights the sources of profit, how losses appeared, estimates the changes in business income / expenses that occurred in the reporting period, etc.

About the movement of money.

This report allows you to see production results, long-term creditworthiness, short-term liquidity.

The financial subsection of a business plan is also characterized by the presence of:

charts of future financial activities,
descriptions of probable investments.

Thoroughly consider the investment opportunity, whether it will be profitable, about the target direction of the investment. Write how you will return the funds attracted to the business.

Try to include in the financial part of your business plan:

No. 3. Development of a marketing subsection of a business plan.

The marketing subsection concerns the analysis of the sales market for products manufactured by your company. You must indicate in the plan the size, dynamics and trends of the market, its segments, conjuncture.

In addition, the subsection informs about who are the consumers of the business products, what strategy will be used to promote the product.

It calculates consumption volumes, an estimated market share, describes the leverage used to influence demand ( advertising campaign, pricing, product improvement, etc.), business competitiveness.

It is necessary to evaluate your product from the point of view of the consumer, what makes it attractive, what is its consumer value, is it safe to use, and the service life.

When making your marketing plan, rely on the following points:

To draw up a marketing plan, information is taken from external environment, relevant studies and surveys are carried out, professional marketers are involved in order to study the market situation.

No. 4. Development of an organizational subsection of the plan.

In terms of doing business, it is considered equally important organizational issues... Therefore, in this subsection, you must describe all the steps that will be taken to implement the project.

For example, as shown in the sample in the picture:

It is better to present the information in the plan in a tabular form so that the sequence of your actions is clearly visible. It would not hurt to mention the normative and legislative acts that govern the chosen field of activity.

In organizational terms, it is worth describing the management side, the responsibilities of all employees, the system of subordination and reward (remuneration), and describe the company's internal regime.

Remember to follow a structure like this:

No. 5. How to draw up a calculation of efficiency and probable risks?

In the penultimate sections, you need to give an objective assessment of the company's performance, show the expected prospects based on estimates, balance sheets, profitability threshold, and planned sales.

The developer of the business plan must write the payback period, NPV (net present value).

The best option would be to arrange this in a table, as in the example below:

Business risks should also be considered. Be sure to indicate in the plan what measures you will take, if any, to minimize, which self-insurance program to resort to.

Experienced business plan authors devote Special attention risk, and consider the likelihood of the worst outcome. By taking notes on how to fix the perceived difficulties, you will make your future work easier. If losses and financial losses arise, you will already know how to compensate them.

When this section of the business plan causes difficulties, they turn to experts for help.

Business SWOT analysis is often used for this purpose:

This is a method for identifying external / internal factors that influence business development.

Thanks to him, you will be able to evaluate:

their weak sides(suppose the need to rent a building, unrecognizable brand),
advantages (low price, high service, professional staff),
designate opportunities (these include the availability of funds for the introduction of innovations, the use of modern equipment, coverage of a larger market segment, etc.).

And, ultimately, threats are considered that you cannot reverse, for example:

economic crisis,
deterioration of the demographic situation,
increase in customs duties,
growing political tension,
fierce competition, etc.

If you provide a clear and reasonable algorithm for resolving risks in the document, it is guaranteed that you can attract partners and creditors for your business.

15 tips for beginners to write a business plan competently

very painstaking and difficult. In the process of compiling it, many questions will arise. For this reason, most beginners make mistakes.

To avoid them and make your business plan worthwhile, follow these guidelines:

Before you start writing, it is better to look at more than one sample of drawing up a business plan.

It is easy to find on the Internet illustrative examples, and perhaps they will even relate to your line of business.

There is no need to "pour water", thinking that the document is supposed to be voluminous.

A business plan should contain only important, realistic information that is of interest to investors and is useful to you in doing business (as in the examples below).

Errors, corrections, misprints are strictly not allowed.
The business plan should reflect the possibility of your enterprise reaching more high level and the strengths of the management team.
When developing a business plan, one should not underestimate the competition and possible difficulties.
If the information you want to display is confidential, you must skip it.

Do not whip up the document.

Such a plan will not have the desired impression on lenders. If you compose it for yourself, all the same, it should not be in the form of a draft version.

Use more tables, graphs (as in the samples below).

Providing statistics in this way makes the material more descriptive.

Market analysis is often inaccurate.

Therefore, approach the marketing section responsibly, collect all the necessary data.

Be sure to provide competitive and distinctive characteristics in your business plan.

Throw out too abstruse expressions from the business plan, as well as those that are understood ambiguously and demonstrate your insolvency.

For example, “a product that has no analogues”, “at the stage of consideration”, “ease of sale”, etc.

Consider absolutely all business expenses.

Lenders consider this column to be particularly important. Therefore, they may have a lot of questions for you on such items as salary to personnel, taxes, purchase of raw materials, etc.

Don't ignore risk considerations.

As mentioned, this will serve as a shield against the problems encountered on the way to achieving your goals, and will also allow investors to see you as a serious, responsible entrepreneur.

Focus on the business plan not on the first profit, big earnings, but on a stable cash flow.

Remember to include time limits.

Any task has a deadline (quarter, year, several years).

If you are not sure that you can master a business plan on your own, even using the examples below, do not spare the money for a specialist.

He understands this issue more than you do, so he will draw up a document accurately, without technical, methodological and conceptual oversights that you can make without proper experience.

A detailed diagram of a high-quality business plan with explanations

you will find in this video:

Ready-made business plans (samples) for different areas of activity

The pharmaceutical business does not lose its relevance, because the need for medicines does not disappear. Moreover, most of the family budget is usually spent on medicines.

Because of this, opening a pharmacy is a very profitable business.

Therefore, it makes sense to take a closer look at the example of such a business plan in this sample:.

If you are looking to pursue a different field, consider opening a café.

There are quite a few such establishments and the competition is great. However, the demand for them is growing. If you take into account all the points of arrangement, you will offer healthy eating, you will definitely be successful.

To get the document right, check out the sample cafe business plan!

The male half of the population may be interested in the idea of organizing a car service.

The owner of the service station will not be left without income if the activities for the repair and maintenance of vehicles are described in detail with all the ensuing factors in the business plan.

You can sample it.

Let's give a simple example of a business plan. It should be borne in mind that this is only one of the possible options, and filed in a very compressed form.

Target: To produce confectionery, mainly cakes, for the residents of the city. Take a leading position in the upper price segment in this market.

Tasks:
1. Create a compact confectionery shop.
2. Provide the production process with the necessary raw materials and labor, some of which will be hired.
3. Initially occupy 30% of the market segment through the implementation of the developed marketing strategy, which implies squeezing out the main competitors with dumping prices and new recipes for the consumer.
4. Attract the missing investment funds in the bank secured by the available real estate.

An example of drawing up a business plan for an enterprise

Let's consider an example of a business plan for a production. It is planned to open a small tailoring atelier. Let's consider how promising this business is in a specific market.

1. Summary. Opening of a small production facility from January 1, 2014. Ownership - LLC. The planned term is 42 months.

2. General provisions. Purchase of equipment that will allow you to use a variety of fabrics and perform various finishes... It is planned to partially attract borrowed funds for the purchase of equipment and rental of premises. The sewing service will be provided to the population, as well as to legal entities in need of special clothing, as well as sewing curtains and bedding for subsequent sale.

3. Market analysis and marketing plan. V this moment 350 enterprises are represented on the market. Due to strict adherence to deadlines and quality, it is planned to create a positive image of the company, which will allow it to occupy a niche in the market.

4. Costs. Estimated direct and variable costs, including wages and lease of premises for 3 years will amount to 13.5 million rubles. Of these, own funds are 50 million rubles. The planned volume of sales will be 15 million rubles, which, after deducting tax deductions, will allow the project to reach recoupment by the end of the third year.

5. Production schedule. Release of 1000 units of goods.

6. Investments. Attracting partners on the terms of joint business.

A short example of a business plan

If you are about to open a shoe repair shop, then in the very general view developing a business plan for an example looks like this:

- Fixed costs (equipment) - 300 thousand rubles.
- Variable costs (threads, glue, rent) - 10 thousand rubles.
- Required investments - 100 thousand rubles in the form of a bank loan at 23% per annum for 10 years with - a progressive scale and a deferral of repayment for 1 year.
- Form of ownership - IP
- Tax deductions 24 thousand rubles.
- Planned revenue - 20 thousand rubles per month.
- Revenue in 1 year - 97 thousand rubles.
– Financial results- 73 thousand rubles.

As a result, the entrepreneur has a reason to invest in this project. The safety margin is large enough so that possible deviations from the forecasted values do not lead to financial ruin.

An example of a business plan with calculations

The opening of a small store that sells used children's items also requires a preliminary assessment. Enterprise business plan example:

The assessment of the goods purchased from the population will be made on the basis of the cost of 1 kg.
First, you need to make an assortment of 100 units.
The cost of 1 kg is 400 conventional units. One item weighs on average 1 kg. Thus, the cost of the product will be 100 * 100 = 40,000 USD. Replenishment costs working capital will be 100 units, which equals $ 10,000. per month
The lease of the premises will amount to $ 10,000.
Variable costs, including advertising and unforeseen expenses - $ 10

Sales volume in the first 6 months will be 130 items per month;
in the next - 280 items per month.
The unit price on average will be equal to 250 USD.
Revenue for 1 year = 130 * 250 * 12 + 280 * 250 * 12 = (10,000 * 12,000 + 40,000 + 10,000 * 12 + 10,000 * 12,000) = 420 195 - 361 240 = 58 955.
The tax will be $ 25,000.
Financial result - 33,955 c.u.

At first glance, the business seems attractive, given the low entry costs and quick payback, but after performing a simple calculation, the entrepreneur will come to the conclusion that the profitability is very low and, although the risk is low (the product is in stable demand), it is unprofitable to engage in this business without reaching a scale ...

View a sample business plan

Schematically, planning, for example, growing vegetables looks like this:

1. Summary. Reflected here summary remaining pages.
2. Marketing part. Who will be the buyer and how will it be possible to conquer the market? Estimated part - 5 tons of carrots at 100,000 USD
3. Costs. Rent land plot and inventory - $ 27,000
Remuneration for hired labor - USD 30,000
4. Revenue- 23 USD
5. Sources of funding. Bank loan for 50,000 USD at 18% per annum for 10 years.
6. Financial result- 9 USD

This activity in the execution of the pessimistic scenario in the first year will not bring income at all. In addition, an entrepreneur will be able to fully work and invest in development only in the field of repayment of the entire loan amount.

Download ready-made examples of business plans

On this resource you can download examples of business plans for free. Downloading the file makes it possible to get acquainted with more detailed calculation options, which will allow not only to understand the essence, but also to make, by analogy, your own calculation-justification of the expediency of investing funds.

If you have no experience at all, it is not at all necessary to order the development from a specialized company. It is enough to get acquainted with an example of planning for a similar activity, where you can study in detail the features of market analysis and the calculation of production costs of a particular business.