Studying the personality of a person, be it a woman, a man or a child, you can always identify a bad tendency to unseemly behavior due to, for example, mistakes in upbringing, psychological trauma. But even bad heredity can be protected. Consider the main negative traits of a human character.

Authoritarianism

Striving to dominate in everything, ignoring any needs of other people. Explicit or implicit demand for obedience and discipline from everyone with whom a person intersects. Someone else's opinion is not taken into account, any insubordination is suppressed without trying to find mutually profitable solution... It is believed that this is a typical negative trait of the Russian character.

Aggressiveness

The desire to conflict with others. In early childhood, this is a mandatory negative character trait of a child who studies ways to protect his interests. For an aggressive adult, provocative, sometimes deliberately false statements, raised tone, and insults are typical. Sometimes attempts are made to influence the opponent physically.

Gambling

Painful desire to achieve the set goal, regardless of the size of the risks, ignoring their own and others' logical arguments about the excess of the amount of spending over the value of the desired result. Often becomes the cause of situations that lead to lethal outcome loss of health or significant financial loss.

Greed

Pathological desire for personal material gain in any situation. Getting profit at any cost becomes the only source of positive emotions in life. At the same time, the duration of the pleasant sensations from the benefits received is extremely short-term - due to the uncontrollable constant desire to get enriched even more.

Apathy

Absence emotional reaction to most external stimuli due to the peculiarity of temperament or due to the body's defensive reaction to stress. It is one of the reasons for the impossibility of achieving even simple goals due to the inability or unwillingness to concentrate, to make volitional efforts.

Carelessness

Careless fulfillment of obligations due to unwillingness to act according to the rules already known to all or a lack of understanding of the algorithms necessary for the quick and least costly achievement of existing goals. Often this is a typical negative character trait of a woman who has just escaped from excessive parental care.

Indifference

Real or deliberately demonstrated lack of interest in a specific subject, object, event, duties due to innate emotional coldness, experienced severe stress or, instilled from infancy, a sense of superiority over people with a different social status, different faith, nationality, race.

Irresponsibility

Deliberately chosen, imposed during upbringing or due to moral immaturity, the position of refusal from real awareness of the consequences of their own actions, unwillingness to make decisions that affect their own and others' quality of life. In complex everyday situations no active action is taken due to the expectation that the problem will resolve on its own.

Facelessness

Lack of individual traits, which is why an individual subject is easily "lost" in the general mass of people like him. In the process of communication, the "gray man" does not arouse sympathy because of his obsession with uninteresting topics, in a team he is lacking in initiative, boring, fears innovations and opposes them in every possible way.

Ruthlessness

Emotional indifference to other people's troubles, inability or unwillingness to condole, sympathize with people in particular and living beings in general, experiencing physical or emotional pain. Sometimes it is intentional inhumanity in actions that lead to suffering and even death of the objects chosen as victims.

Unceremoniousness

Intentional or unconscious violation of norms, the sequence of actions taken in a given society in relation to a particular situation. The reason for intentional swagger may be the desire to provoke a conflict or draw attention to one's own person, unconscious - errors of upbringing, emotional immaturity.

Talkativeness

Painful need to constantly participate in a dialogue with one or more interlocutors, regardless of the meaningfulness of the conversation, the degree of enthusiasm for the rest of the participants, the relevance of the conversation. The main purpose of such an interlocutor is not to obtain new information, but to play the role of a storyteller in contact with someone. At the same time, he can spread the information that others would prefer to keep secret.

Windiness

The inability to keep any promises and take into account other people's interests, the lack of the ability to move for a long time in order to achieve one goal, the desire to constantly change the circle of friends, partners. Lack of principles and clear behavioral boundaries, rapid fading of interest in a particular occupation, person.

Lust for power

A passionate desire for control over everyone and the expectation of unquestioning obedience, the desire for unlimited power, especially over the more educated and skilled. Delight in their own superior position in situations when others are forced to seek help or seek protection, material support.

Suggestibility

In a pathological form, this is a subconscious tendency to perceive behavior imposed from the outside without one's own conscious comprehension and weighing the results from one's actions performed under the influence of someone else's authority. However, decreased suggestibility can cause learning difficulties.

Vulgarity

The inability to find a balance between originality and vulgarity in communication, when choosing clothes, social guidelines, and so on. For example, during a dialogue, the interlocutor communicates in a raised tone, manners, does not disdain greasy jokes. When choosing an outfit, he prefers catchy things, and constituent elements often do not go well with each other.

Stupidity

The inability or unwillingness to determine logically correct conclusions even from the simplest everyday tasks, the tendency to see a healthy grain in pseudoscientific and populist statements, the inability to subject information from sources that have independently been elevated to the status of authoritative in a reasonable critical analysis.

Pride

Confidence in the social, moral, mental insignificance of others, inability to forgive for personal and other people's mistakes, denial of the possibility of having worthy features in other subjects of society. It develops against the background of imbalances in education, personality degradation due to illness, immaturity of the personality, coupled with a high social status.

Coarseness

Unwillingness to adhere to the polite format of communication with interlocutors, accepted in a normal society, due to personality deformation due to illness, injury, stress, or the frequent need to take a defensive position when encroaching on territory and rights. Typical manifestations: communication in a raised voice, rudeness, obscene language.

Greed, stinginess

Striving to minimize costs even at the expense of health, basic hygiene and common sense. The pathological pursuit of material stability can manifest itself in the form of refusal to get rid of garbage, trash, ignoring justified requests loved one on the acquisition of essential items.

Cruelty

The desire to cause discomfort to living subjects for the sake of personal moral satisfaction. The impact on the victim can be both intangible - in the form of insults and refusal to satisfy some important emotional needs, and physical - through infliction of pain, torment, encroachment on life.

Forgetfulness

Failure to remember any data necessary in everyday life, a combination of actions to achieve a specific goal, an algorithm for starting or shutting down the device. It occurs due to age-related changes in the brain, information overload. May be a consequence stressful situation that you want to forget.

Addiction

The desire to enjoy the performance of actions or the use of a certain substance, even if the source of pleasant emotions is harmful to health, relationships with others, leads to large financial spending, pushes to a crime because of the desire to achieve a "high", in the absence of legal access to it.

Envy

Inability to enjoy any personal benefits, achievements, qualities. A tendency to constantly compare the values ​​of oneself and others. Moreover, the "crumbs" on the foreign side always seem larger, tastier and more desirable than their own "placers". In a pathological form, it deprives of cheerfulness, the ability to soberly assess one's own and other people's dignity.

Complexity

Constant belittling in their own eyes of their own natural talents, trained abilities, denial of the value of personal achievements, inability to force oneself to declare personal achievements in the circle of authoritative persons. Formed by overly strict parenting, trauma or illness nervous system.

Tediousness

The habit of lecturing everyone and everywhere, discussing the same topic repeatedly, despite the obvious lack of interest in it among people who are trying to draw into dialogue. The reason lies in the pathological love for attention and endless conversations on any topic, even if the instigator of the conversation is a complete layman in the topic under discussion.

Anger

An emotional manifestation of strong dissatisfaction with something, a landmark indicating the presence of clearly uncomfortable conditions for a person. In the absence of actions that eliminate the cause of the formation of feelings, over time it can push you to commit an offense, so you should not ignore the manifestations of anger.

Spoiledness

It is a bad habit to demand the fulfillment of one's desire as soon as possible, without taking into account the possibilities of the person to whom the claim is made. Refusal to control and restrain one's own needs, endure the slightest inconvenience, and personally make emotional and physical efforts to achieve what one wants.

Laziness

Lack of desire to strain for personal needs, a tendency to spend days idle. The behavior shows the desire to obtain comfort at the expense of the work of others, a deep aversion to useful activities, even in minimal volumes. When applying for a job, this negative character trait for a resume should not be indicated.

Deceit

Deliberate systematic statement to the interlocutors of inaccurate information with a defamatory purpose, for their own benefit or masking personal mistakes in some activity. The pathological form is inherent in insecure individuals trying to impress others with fictional stories about themselves.

Hypocrisy

Feigned assurances of love, sincere admiration and goodwill towards the interlocutor during a conversation with him. The purpose of such behavior is ingratiating themselves and the desire to flatter for their own benefit, while hiding the true, perhaps even spiteful, moods in relation to the participant in the dialogue or the object of the conversation.

Flattering

The tendency to excessive constant praise out loud of other people's real and imaginary virtues, virtues, for the sake of their own self-interest. The object of exaltation can be and knowingly negative actions, the actions of an influential person, specially whitewashed by the flatterer and voiced by him as the only the right decision in the situation under consideration.

Curiosity

In a pathological form, this is the desire to find out the information of interest, regardless of decency, personal feelings of the questioned and the situation of the situation in which communication takes place. The cause of unhealthy curiosity is a painful desire to be aware of even those events that are not related to the interested person.

Pettiness

The habit of attaching great importance to your insignificant statements and actions. The widespread protrusion of their imaginary achievements in contrast to the really important and heroic deeds surrounding people. Attention to ordinary details to the detriment of values, the desire to obtain reports on household expenses up to "one thousandth".

Vindictiveness

The tendency to focus personal attention on all small and large troubles, everyday conflicts, far-fetched grievances, so that over time it is imperative to pay back a hundredfold to each of the offenders. In this case, the duration of the time interval from the moment of receiving a real or imaginary insult does not matter.

Impudence

Impudent behavior in any situations, the desire to achieve what you want with minimal cost and "over the heads" of others. Such behavior is formed with the wrong upbringing, because of a difficult childhood, or, conversely, because of pampering, which has consolidated the habit of always getting what you want at any cost.

Arrogance

The perception of the majority of those around them as subjects of a deliberately lower category due to an invented difference in social status or a real discrepancy in material, national, racial or other grounds. The reason may be a defensive reaction to the wound of self-esteem in the past or distortions in upbringing.

Annoyance

Inability or unwillingness to independently deal with emerging problems, to have fun or rest. The reason may lie in emotional immaturity, fear of loneliness, a desire to increase self-esteem through active participation in the lives of other people, even if they experience obvious discomfort from this and openly declare it.

Narcissism

Unreasonable and baseless self-praise, self-admiration under any circumstances, the desire to embellish the results of one's actions and the actions taken, selfishness, indifference not only to strangers, but also to loved ones, interest only in personal comfort and benefit.

Negligence

Unwillingness to fulfill the obligations taken or assigned, disregard in behavior with people in everyday or professional relationships, insufficient attention to entrusted values, inability, due to poor education or personal deformation, to understand the importance of diligence when working on something.

Resentment

Increased negative reaction to everyday troubles due to hypertrophied selfishness. It is because of him that you want the world to spin at your feet, and those around you, forgetting about their own needs, meet expectations around the clock and all year round: they are polite, generous and caring, striving to ensure the comfort of others.

Limitation

The confidence that the true picture of the world is available only to you, and other explanations for the structure of the universe and the principles of human interaction with environment- a solid invention of narrow-minded dorks. It arises from insufficient education, a congenital developmental defect that prevents adequate assimilation of educational information.

Alarmism

The tendency to accept as reality the imagined catastrophic consequences of any, even insignificant, incidents in one's own life and the world as a whole. It is a manifestation of a bad upbringing by a reinsurer, an excessively violent fantasy or a disorder of the nervous system due to stress or illness.

Vulgarity

A penchant for pretentious outfits, demonstration of real or ostentatious material security through the acquisition of unnecessary luxury items. Or, and sometimes in combination, a fascination with greasy jokes, obscene anecdotes, often voiced in an absolutely inappropriate setting for the sake of arousing feelings of awkwardness in the bulk of the audience.

Irritability

A negative reaction to a stimulus, expressed in an excessive manifestation of emotions, the saturation of which does not correspond to the strength of the influence of an unpleasant factor for some reason. The cause of irritability can be external or internal, caused by an overload of the nervous system or exhaustion of the body by a disease.

Extravagance

Inability to rationally spend income, including the desire to systematically or constantly make acquisitions for the sake of the process itself, and not for the purpose of exploiting the purchased item or thing. It is based on the desire to feel like "the ruler of the world", to correspond to the status of a materially secured person.

Jealousy

Expression of dissatisfaction or distrust in a subject that has a certain value for the jealous. It is expressed by a suspicion of infidelity or a greater emotional predisposition to another person (in the place of the accused may be not only a spouse, but also a mother, sister, friend - the list can be endless).

Self-criticism

The habit of justifiably and unreasonably incriminating oneself in a multitude of sins of various sizes. For example, insufficient attention to the fulfillment of duties, although in reality, at work or in a relationship, a person gives all the best. Possible reasons: low self-esteem, actively supporting the concerned environment, perfectionism.

Overconfidence

Unreasonable exaltation of their abilities, supposedly allowing them to cope with a certain or any task. It is the cause of bragging and risky behavior, often committed in defiance of safety rules, the laws of physics and the arguments of logic. It is based on inexperience, dependence on the desire to live on the brink of a foul.

Weakness

Lack of the ability to perform a volitional effort for the sake of a desired goal or to resist dangerous, illegal temptations, morally degraded individuals. The tendency to submit to other people's decisions, even when they require serious sacrifices. Such a negative trait of a man's character can make him the object of ridicule in the team.

Cowardice

The inability to resist the opponent due to insufficiently developed willpower, susceptibility to phobia. It can be expressed in flight from the scene of some events because of an imaginary or real danger to own health, life, despite leaving in danger other possible participants in the accident.

Vanity

Desire to receive praise for real and perceived merits. Striving to have a positive image in the first place, and not be complimentary. Indistinctness as voiced endorsements - flattery is also perceived favorably. Moreover, there is not always the ability to distinguish it from sincere statements.

Stubbornness

The desire to act only according to their own ideas about the fidelity of the chosen path, rejection of authorities, ignorance of well-known rules purely out of the habit of acting as he himself decided. Lack of the ability to be flexible when interests clash, unwillingness or inability to take into account the goals and capabilities of others.

Selfishness

Conscious self-love, the desire to live in comfort, regardless of the possible inconveniences that result from this for others. Their interests are always exalted above the desires of other people, the opinions of the latter on this and other reasons are never taken into account. All decisions are based only on their own benefit.

Each person has certain characteristics, which are expressed in emotional manifestations, the selection of specific actions and reactions. All this happens automatically and is defined by people as character traits. There are many types of personality traits to quickly determine which person is happening.

Everyone knows what character is. This is a set of qualities that are inherent in a particular person. Character is developed throughout life. As a child, he is flexible and rapidly changing. Over the years, it gains greater stability and at the end is fixed .. What is it and what features do this phenomenon, the article will tell.

What is personality traits?

Each person faces the character of another person. What it is? This is a characteristic of the psyche, which combines constant and stable qualities that determine the behavior and attitude of an individual. Translated from Greek, character means "devil", "omen". It is a stable characteristic that affects behavior, ways of responding, activities and individual manifestations of a person.

We can say that the character of a person determines the whole life of a person, his destiny. They say that fate is predetermined. In fact, a person who does not obey specific rules and strategies creates his own destiny, which he then lives through.

By changing character, you can change fate, since character determines the reaction, behavior, decisions of a person that he makes in specific situation... If you look closely, you can see that people who are similar in nature live the same life. Only the details differ, but their methods and behavior are the same.

The character is formed throughout a person's life. At any time it can be changed, which in adulthood is only possible under the influence own desire and willpower. If a person cannot change his character, then his life does not change and its development is predictable.

Personality traits

The character changes depending on the type of activity, society, social circle, attitude towards oneself and the world as a whole. If any of these aspects change, then this can affect the change in character quality. If everything in a person's life remains unchanged, then character traits remain unchanged.

Personality traits

The character of a person is also formed under the influence of the values ​​and moral convictions that a person uses. The more stable they are, the more a person is fixed in his behavior and manifestations. Main feature personal character is its certainty, where it is possible to note the leading features, which are always distinguished by several. Certainty of character disappears if there are no stable qualities.

Character is also based on the interests that a person has. The more stable and constant they are, the more a person becomes purposeful, persistent and whole in his manifestations.

It is possible to determine the character traits of another person by his actions and their direction. Both the actions and the results that he achieves at the end of their commission are important. It is they who manifest the character of a person.

Temperament and personality traits

The relationship and character of the personality is seen. Although these characteristics are determined by the human psyche, they are different values. Temperament is determined by the structure of the nervous system, which makes it an innate quality, the manifestations of which cannot be changed, but you can just do something.

Character is a flexible aspect that develops throughout life. A person can change it, which is determined by his life.

The character is formed on the basis of the temperament with which the person was born. Temperament can be called the basis on which the entire branch of his character traits is built. At the same time, the temperament does not change from external circumstances and the type of activity.

Temperament is characterized by three directions, each of which has its own complex structure:

1. Mobility (activity). It manifests itself in vigorous activity, self-expression, self-expression, which can be both sluggish and overly active.
2. Emotionality. A variety of moods and senses are noted here. Determined by:

• Lability - the rate at which one mood changes to another.
• Impressiveness - the depth of perception of external emotional stimuli.
• Impulsiveness - the speed of transition of emotion into a motivating force for performing actions without thinking it over and deciding to carry it out.

1. Motor skills.

Personality types

Psychologists of different times have tried to identify the types of personality characters to determine specific groups of people. E. Kretschmer identified 3 groups of people according to their body type:

1. Picnic people prone to recruiting excess weight, short in stature, with a large face, neck, plump. They are easily adaptable to the conditions of the world, sociable and emotional.
2. Athletic people, characterized by well-developed muscles, are tall and broad-shouldered, hardy and with a large chest. They are not impressionable, domineering, calm and practical, restrained in gestures and facial expressions, and do not adapt well.
3. Asthenic people, characterized by thinness and undeveloped muscles, a narrow face, long arms and legs, and a flat chest. They are stubborn and serious, withdrawn and difficult to adapt to change.

K. Jung proposed another typology that divides people by the type of thinking:

• Extroverts. Very sociable and active people who tend to make a lot of acquaintances. They are straight and open. They love to travel, have parties, be the soul of the company. They are guided by objective circumstances, and not by the subjective opinions of people.
• Introverts. People who are very withdrawn and isolated from the world. They have few friends, as it is difficult for them to establish contacts. They constantly analyze everything that happens. They are very anxious and prefer solitude.

Another classification divides people into 4 psychotypes, depending on their combination of character and temperament:

1. Choleric people are unbalanced, fast, impetuous, passionate people. They are quickly depleted due to the pointless expenditure of strength. They are prone to emotional outbursts and mood swings.
2. Phlegmatic people are stable in their manifestations, emotions and views, unhurried, unperturbed people. They tend to be calm and poised, perseverance in work. Outwardly, they do not show emotion.
3. Melancholic people are vulnerable people, prone to constant experience of emotions. They are very impressionable, react sharply to external manifestations.
4. Sanguine people are lively, mobile and active people. They react quickly to external circumstances and tend to get many impressions. They are productive at work. They easily endure failures and troubles.

The psychological nature of the personality

Changes that occur in the psychological character of a person are divided into regular (typical) and individual (atypical).

Natural changes occur as a person matures and goes through certain changes in his body. Childhood traits disappear, being replaced by adults. Childhood traits include moodiness, irresponsibility, fears, tearfulness. For adults - wisdom, life experience, tolerance, rationality, prudence, etc.

Much here is determined by the situations that a person often encounters. Communication with people, various circumstances, successes and failures, tragedies determine the change in views and values ​​in a person. This is why people of the same age group differ from each other, since they all had their own life experiences. Here, individual traits are formed, which depend on the life circumstances through which each person passes.

Traits quickly change to others if they are similar to the previous ones or include them.

Social character of personality

The social character of a person is understood as those qualities that should be inherent in absolutely all people of a particular society. Going out into society, a person should show not only individual traits, but also those qualities that are considered acceptable, approved, and normal. Such a set is formed by society, the media, culture, education, educational institutions, religion, etc. It should be noted that parents raise their children also depending on the framework and norms that are accepted in society.

According to E. Fromm, the social character of a person is a way of adapting a person to the society in which he is. This is an unpunished and free way of being in a particular society. He believed that no society allows a person to self-actualize in full force, since it always dictates its own rules and norms, which should be above individual characteristics and desires. That is why a person is always in conflict with society, when he must obey in order to be accepted, or tries to protest, which can be punishable.

Society will never allow a person to express himself in full force, which prevents him from realizing his inclinations and harms the individual himself. A distortion of character should occur when everyone adjusts himself to certain frameworks and norms adopted in society. Only through the development of a social character in a person does society make it safe for itself. It is not the personality that is important here, but its safe manifestations, which will be acceptable in society. Otherwise, there will be punishment for any individual self-expression that does not fit into the framework.

Accentuation of personality character

The accentuation of a personality's character is understood as a set of qualities that are clearly manifested by an individual within the normal range. It is divided into:

• Latent - traits that appear infrequently or never at all. However, under certain conditions, they can appear.
• Explicit - traits that manifest themselves in an extreme degree of the norm and are characterized by constancy.

K. Leongrad identified the types of accentuation:

1. Hysteroid - thirst for attention, egocentrism, the need for respect and approval, recognition of individual characteristics.
2. Hypertimate - sociability, mobility, a tendency to mischief, excessive independence.
3. Asthenoneurotic - anxiety, high fatigue.
4. Psychosthenic - indecision, a tendency to demagoguery, analysis and self-reflection, suspiciousness.
5. Schizoid - detachment, isolation, lack of communication.
6. Excitable - periodic melancholy moods, accumulation of irritation.
7. Sensitive - increased touchiness, sensitivity, shyness.
8. Infantile-dependent - a delay in childhood, when a person does not take responsibility.
9. Emotionally labile - mood variability.
10. Unstable - a tendency to idleness, pleasure, entertainment, idleness.

Outcome

The nature of the personality often helps in understanding the personality itself, since everything revolves around it. inner peace, which has manifestations in the form of reactions, emotions, behavior, actions and even achievements that are this moment are available. Consideration of different types of character can lead to the following result - quick and easy understanding of people.

Personality is a flexible characteristic that can be changed at any time. It can change both unconsciously and under the influence of the willpower of a person who controls the manifestation of a particular quality. How longer person shows a specific quality, the more it is fixed and becomes one of its characteristics that affect the future development of life.

Studying the characteristics of the character of a certain person, it is possible to identify what qualities characterize the personality. Their manifestation is based on the influence of individual experience, knowledge, abilities and capabilities of people. List biological features includes the innate characteristics of a person. The rest of the personality traits are acquired as a result of life:

• Sociality

It means irreducibility to individual, biological characteristics of people, saturation with socio-cultural content.

• Uniqueness

The uniqueness and originality of the inner world of an individual, his independence and the impossibility of attributing to one or another social or psychological type.

• Transcendence

Willingness to go beyond one's "limits", constant self-improvement as a way of being, belief in the possibility of development and overcoming external and internal obstacles on the way to one's goal and, as a result, incompleteness, inconsistency and problematicity.

• Integrity and subjectivity

Internal unity and identity (equality to oneself) in any life situations.

• Activity and subjectivity

The ability to change oneself and the conditions of one's existence, independence from the surrounding conditions, the ability to be a source of one's own activity, the reason for actions and the recognition of responsibility for the deeds committed.

• Moral

The basis of interaction with the outside world, the willingness to treat other people as the highest value, equal to their own, and not as a means of achieving goals.

List of qualities

Personality structure includes temperament, volitional qualities, abilities, character, emotions, social attitudes and motivation. And also separately the following qualities:

• Independence;
• Intellectual self-improvement;
• Communicativeness;
• Kindness;
• Hard work;
• Honesty;
• Purposefulness;
• A responsibility;
• Respect;
• Confidence;
• Discipline;
• Humanity;
• Mercy;
• Curiosity;
• Objectivity.

The personal qualities of a person are internal perception and external manifestations. External manifestation includes a list of indicators:

• congenital or acquired artistry;
• attractive appearance and sense of style;
• ability and clear pronunciation of speech;
• competent and sophisticated approach to.

The main qualities of a person (her inner world) can be classified according to a number of characteristics:

• a comprehensive assessment of the situation and the absence of conflicting perception of information;
• inherent love for people;
• unbiased thinking;
• positive form of perception;
• wise judgment.

The level of these indicators determines individual characteristics studied.

The structure of individual qualities

For more precise definition qualities of a person's personality, its biological structure should be highlighted. It consists of 4 levels:

1. Temperament, including characteristics of genetic predisposition (nervous system).
2. The degree of unique mental processes that allows you to determine the personal qualities of a person. The result is influenced by the level of individual perception, imagination, manifestation of volitional signs, feelings and attention.
3. Human experiences characterized by knowledge, ability, ability and habits.
4. Indicators of public orientation, including the attitude of the subject to external environment a habitat. Development personality traits acts as a guiding and regulating factor of behavior - interests and views, beliefs and attitudes (a state of consciousness based on previous experience, regulating attitude and), moral norms.

Traits of people that characterize their temperament

The innate qualities of a person shape him as a social being. Behavioral factors, type of activity and social circle are taken into account. The category is divided by 4 concepts: sanguine, melancholic, choleric and phlegmatic.

• Sanguine - easily adapting to a new habitat and overcoming obstacles. Sociability, responsiveness, openness, cheerfulness and leadership are the main personality traits.
• Melancholic is weak and inactive. Under the influence of strong stimuli, disturbances in behavior occur, which are manifested by a passive attitude towards any activity. Closure, pessimism, anxiety, a tendency to reason and resentment are characteristic features of melancholic people.
• Choleric people are strong, unbalanced, energetic personality traits. They are hot-tempered and unrestrained. Touchiness, impulsivity, emotionality and instability are clear indicators of a restless temperament.
• A phlegmatic person is a balanced, inert and sluggish personality, not prone to change. Personal indicators act in easy overcoming of negative factors. Reliability, benevolence, peacefulness and discretion - distinctive features calm people.

Individual character traits

Character acts as a set of individual traits, which are manifested in different types of activity, communication and relationships with people. The development of personal qualities is formed against the background of life processes and the type of activity of people. For a more accurate assessment of the character of people, it is necessary to study in detail the behavioral factors in specific circumstances.

Varieties of character:

• cycloid - mood variability;
• hyperthymic accentuation is high activity, not doing things to the end;
• asthenic - capricious and depressive personal qualities;
• sensitive - timid personality;
• hysterical - the makings of leadership and vanity;
• dysthymic - focused on negative side current events.

Individual abilities of people

Individual psychological qualities of a person contribute to the achievement of success and excellence in certain activities. They are determined by the social and historical practice of the individual, the results of interactions of biological and mental indicators.

Exists different levels abilities:

1. giftedness;
2. talent;
3. genius.

The development of the algorithm of personal qualities and abilities of people is characterized by the ability to learn new things in the mental sphere. Special features are manifested in a specific type of activity (musical, artistic, pedagogical, etc.).

Strong-willed traits of people

Adjustment of behavioral factors associated with overcoming internal and external discomfort allows you to determine personal qualities: the level of efforts and plans for taking action, concentration in a given direction. Will manifests itself in the following properties:

• - the level of effort to achieve the desired result;
• persistence - the ability to mobilize to overcome adversity;
• endurance - the ability to limit feelings, thinking and actions.

Courage, self-control, commitment are the personal qualities of strong-willed people. They are classified into simple and complex acts. In the simple case, motivation for action flows into action automatically. Complex acts are carried out on the basis, planning and accounting for the consequences.

Human feelings

Persistent attitudes of people towards real or imaginary objects arise and are formed on the basis of the cultural and historical level. Only the ways of their manifestation change, based on historical epochs. are individual.

Personality motivation

Motives and impulses, contributing to the activation of actions, are formed from. Stimulating personality traits are conscious and unconscious.

They appear as:

• striving for success;
• avoiding trouble;
• gaining power, etc.

How they manifest themselves and how to recognize personality traits

The personal qualities of an individual are determined by analyzing behavioral factors:

• self-esteem. manifest themselves in relation to themselves: modest or confident, arrogant and self-critical, decisive and courageous, people with high level self-control or lack of will;
• assessment of the individual's attitude to society. There are different degrees of the subject's relationship with representatives of society: honest and fair, sociable and polite, tactful, rude, etc.;
• a unique personality is determined by the level of interests in the labor, educational, sports or creative field;
• elucidation of the position of a person in society occurs in close interconnection of opinions about her;
• when studying psychological factors, Special attention is given to memory, thinking and attention, which characterize the development of personal qualities;
• observation of the emotional perception of situations allows you to assess the individual's response to solving problems or lack thereof;
• measuring the level of responsibility. The main qualities of a serious personality are manifested in labor activity in the form of creativity, enterprise, initiative and bringing the matter to the desired result.

A survey of the individual characteristics of people helps to create a general picture of behavior in the professional and social sphere. Under the concept of "personality" is a person with individual properties determined by the social environment. These include personality traits: intelligence, emotions, and will.

Grouping of signs that contribute to personality recognition:

• subjects who are aware of the presence of their inherent social traits;
• people who take part in the social and cultural life of society;
• personal qualities and character of a person are easy to determine in social interconnection through communication and the labor sphere;
• individuals who are clearly aware of their peculiarity and significance in the public.

Personal and professional qualities of a person are manifested in the formation of a worldview and internal perception. The individual always asks philosophical questions about life, his significance in society. He has his own ideas, views and attitudes that affect

Good qualities of a person - a list of them is often needed for writing a resume. Indeed, in the resume, one of the points is the personal qualities of the job seeker.

List of positive moral qualities human

What are the most significant positive qualities of a person's character for work and a comfortable life in society? What is the best way to characterize yourself and what to include in your resume? Let's figure it out. To know your virtues in person, we have prepared a list positive qualities to characterize a person.

Thrift

This is a caring attitude towards the available goods, no matter their own or someone else's. It is not only about material things, but even about mental strength and vital energy person. This quality allows you to optimize the consumption of any resources, to achieve more by keeping small.

Unselfishness

This is the lack of desire for profit. Selfish people are driven only by personal gain. For honest and unselfish people, their own benefit is not important, they will help and demand nothing in return, so they are trusted much more.

Politeness

Respectful attitude towards others. Is always. Even in cases where the situation is not conducive to courteous and tactful treatment. By the way, this quality annoys boors. They want to swear, but polite person does not go into conflict with them. Politeness stops the one who scolds for the belt, and conquers the city!

Loyalty

This is devotion, but not only in relation to loved ones, but also to your own worldview, ideas and views. This is an important aspect of the relationship between a man and a woman, because such a negative trait as jealousy is associated with it. Loyalty speaks of the reliability and constancy of a person with this quality.

Good breeding

It is good manners and good behavior in society. A well-bred person is polite to others, regardless of their social status. This is knowledge and implementation of the rules of behavior in society, respect for other people's property, nature, society. Per educated person there is never a shame.

Discipline

This is the ability to follow the rules and regulations. A disciplined person not only strictly observes the established rules, but also knows how to manage his own time in such a way that there is enough of it for all important matters.

Kindness

This is an affectionate and caring attitude towards people. Responsiveness and attentiveness towards others, the desire to help and help out of difficult situations, without expecting anything in return. This quality does not bring immediate benefit, but those around him appreciate it, and the kindness shown is often answered with the same kindness and care.

Friendliness

This is a friendly attitude towards others. This is not only an opportunity to build friendly relations with any person, but also the ability to behave openly and sympathetically towards people. A friendly person strives for mutual pleasant communication, therefore he has not only true friends, but also a lot of useful acquaintances.

Sociability

It is the ability to make contacts. A person who does not have communication barriers easily enters a team and makes friends. We live in a society, so the ability to communicate with others is useful in any area of ​​life. A person with such a quality will never be left alone.

A responsibility

This is the ability of a person to be responsible for what is entrusted to him, the ability to make difficult decisions and evaluate their consequences. Husbands are responsible for wives, mothers for children, employees for professional tasks. A person who is not afraid to take responsibility for something manifests himself as an independent and mature person.

Responsiveness

This is the willingness to help, the ability to disinterestedly respond to a request, help in difficult situation... The advantage of this quality is not only in the good attitude of others, but also in the self-awareness of oneself as a kind person.

Punctuality

This is compliance with rules and regulations. In life, this quality is more associated with the absence of delays, the ability to carry out assignments on time, to comply with agreements. Especially prized in industries where "time is money". But do not neglect punctuality in other areas of life - its absence can be perceived as disrespect.

Determination

This is the readiness to make decisions, the ability to carry out what was conceived, not shy and not succumbing to fears. Determination is the absence of the so-called paralysis of will, when doubts interfere with activity. Closely associated with fortitude and courage. They say about decisive people: "He has an inner core."

Self-criticism

This is a sober self-esteem, an adequate perception of one's own views and activities. A self-critical person does not consider his own opinion to be the only correct one, has a sound attitude to views from the outside. But you need to remember about the golden mean, because excessive self-criticism indicates low self-esteem.

Modesty

It is a lack of intention to exalt oneself. It's nice to deal with people who have achieved a lot, and at the same time do not extol themselves at every turn. Modesty is not only a lack of bragging, but also tact in relation to others. This quality can be manifested both because of respect for other people, and because of shyness.

Courage

It is the ability to resist fear. They say that a brave person is not afraid of anything, but the complete absence of fear is not only recklessness, but also a syndrome of certain mental disorders. Courage, on the other hand, is the ability to act against fear. For example, firefighters may also be afraid of fire, but carry out their professional duties without giving in to fear.

Justice

This is correctness and impartiality. This concept is based on the concept of good and evil, the laws of retribution for good and bad deeds. Evaluating events, a just person excludes predispositions and sympathy for someone. A person is just when he is objective.

Tolerance

This is tolerance for people. Tolerance does not allow people to be divided into representatives of other nations, ethnic groups and religions. A tolerant person does not reject someone else's point of view, and is unlikely to allow himself to rudely answer someone. Tolerance is a necessity in the modern world.

Hard work

It is the ability to be positive about one's own work. Hard work is not only the willingness to devote one's strength and personal time to the labor process, but also the ability to do it with pleasure. A person who systematically shirks away from work and is not able to perceive his work with interest is the burden of the entire team.

Respect for others

This is a recognition of the value of other people's views. Respect for others suggests that you see personality in every person. In labor processes, this quality is mandatory, manifests itself in distance and subordination.

Confidence

This is a positive assessment of your own qualities. Confidence is closely related to a person's ability to manage himself in ambiguous situations. A confident person knows his own worth, is not afraid of public speaking, in a stressful situation he knows how to control himself. Looking at such a person, one might think: "He knows what he is doing."

Tenacity

This is the ability to go towards the goal. This quality is inherent strong people who do not give in to difficulties and failures. Persistence in achieving goals and implementing plans shows firmness of character and steadfastness of spirit. Persistent individuals achieve heights on their own.

Honesty

This is openness, the inadmissibility of deception in relation to others. This quality speaks of decency, morality and a strong character. An honest person always respects the interlocutor, therefore, sometimes even unpleasant, but necessary, he tells him the truth.

Self-esteem

This is self-respect and a high assessment of one's qualities, an understanding of value and significance. A person who possesses this quality is unlikely to decide on a low deed, deception, or even ordinary abuse in public place... This is beneath his dignity. For such a person, it is not even the opinion of others that is important, but his own assessment of his actions.

Sense of humor

This is the ability to perceive the situation from the comic side. Better yet, find that comical side in everything. So it is more fun to live, and it is pleasant for people to communicate with such a person. A sense of humor is an indicator of a person's mental health. It is not known whether laughter increases life expectancy, but it can definitely save you from unnecessary sorrows.

Generosity

It is a willingness to share with others, absolutely not wanting to receive something in return. Generous people, for example, can do charity work - help those in need, donate funds to special funds. Even the most selfless people appreciate this quality, because it shows the breadth of the soul.

Person's character is the most common term in psychology Everyday life... "What a character!" - even a person who is far from psychology speaks of a difficult child. For him, character is a synonym for the word "property", "feature". And this definition of character is not far from the truth.

Translated from Greek, this term means "line", "sign", "omen". For us, character is a set of more or less permanent mental characteristics of a person that determine his behavior and relations in society. That is, it is a way of life and behavior.

Human traits.

Any character can be described according to its main features, that is, determinants that will help explain the behavior of a particular person in a particular situation. Psychologists distinguish four defining character traits:

1. Attitude towards other people(politeness, sociability, rudeness, rudeness, contempt, etc.).
2. Attitude to work(perseverance, conscientiousness, hard work, perseverance, responsibility, passivity, laziness, etc.).
3. Attitude to yourself(pride, modesty, self-criticism, shyness, arrogance, selfishness, pride, selfishness, etc.).
4. Attitude to things(thrift, accuracy, negligence, slovenliness, etc.).

The main features of character in its study are the first two types of traits, that is, attitude towards people and attitude towards work. These character traits are called pivotal or central. Here you can give a simple explanation: your boss, first of all, is important about how you do your job and get along with colleagues, and whether you love yourself and hang your pants in the closet when you come home from work, he does not care. The example is, of course, crude, but the first two types of traits are most important for social psychology and social studies.

Character and temperament.

Temperament- this is the basis for the formation of the character of a person. Unlike temperament, character can change over time, but it will still rely on temperament as a base. Simply put, temperament is the foundation on which to build Various types character, and then something to demolish and rebuild.

Dynamic character traits directly depend on temperament. For example, sanguine and choleric people will always be more sociable than phlegmatic and melancholic. Some properties of temperament favor the development of certain character traits, and some suppress.

When raising a child and shaping his character, you need to read the properties of his temperament, because with improper upbringing, negative features of temperament can creep out in the character. For more details, see the chapter Temperament.

Accentuation of character.

Accentuation of character- a term that cannot be ignored when considering character traits. This concept in psychology means the effort (emphasis) of certain features to the extreme. In the most negative scenario, accentuation can turn into mental disorder(not to be confused with personality disorder, which is exactly what accentuation is).

Most often, accentuation as a personality disorder is temporary or intermittent. An example is a teenage crisis, or premenstrual syndrome when irritability is accentuated and comes to the fore. You should not take accentuation seriously, you just need to minimize the unfavorable factors that caused it.

Unlike temperament, a character has no clearly defined species or types. There are concepts with which we can characterize someone, but this will be a characteristic only for one particular trait: a workaholic, lazy person, altruist, greedy person, sociopath, merry fellow, etc. Therefore, in order to more or less accurately describe a person's character, you will need at least four such definitions, each according to a certain type of character traits.