Yin Yan sign symbol and philosophy. Women's Beginning and Male Start: Symbols "Yin" and "Yang"

Theory Yin-Yang is one of the basic and oldest philosophical concepts in the Taoist tradition, and despite the fact that it is now difficult to find people who would not hear about it, in reality few people truly understand all its depth.

Apparent at first glance simplicity of this theory actually carries a secret meaning, which consists in understanding the relationship between the two initial opposite forces, of which is all the universe. Understanding Yin and Yang is very important for the adept, which has become the great way to comprehend its original nature, as this will allow him to build its practice most optimally and avoiding different extremes in any side.

Currently, the Yin-Yang diagram has widespread, which is also called the Circle of Taiji or a Great Limg Ball (see Fig. In the title of this article).

It consists of black and white "fish", absolutely symmetrical to each other, where black "fish" has a white "eye", and white is black. But, despite the great popularity of this sign, it should be noted that it is not entirely correct when it comes to the practice of "internal alchemy", and in the most ancient texts in such a form is not found, therefore they are talking about this diagram as "modern ( Popular) "Inscription.

Let's analyze the history of this diagram and, that in it "not quite so." It is reliably known that the creation of this symbol Yin-Yang was put on the hand of neoconfucian philosophers.

This process began with Zhou Duny (周敦颐) (1017-1073), which was the founder of neoconfucianism. It was he who and his followers began to actively preach the abstract-relative understanding of the theory of Yin and Yang. Usually Zhou Duny is attributed to the writing of the TIATI TU SHO ("Explanation of the Grand Drawing") in which it is said about the interconnections of such concepts as: Ji, Tai Chi, Yin-Yang and Sin. In fact, the text is a super-supered commentary of such ancient Taoist texts as: Ji Tu ("Plan of Infinite"), Tai Ji Siang Tian Ji Tu ("Prednebly Plan of the Great Limit"), "Shan Fan da Dong Zhen Yuan Miao Jing Tu" (" The plans of the wonderful canon of the highest and greatest entry into the true beginning ").

All this caused a number of questions, so even one of the famous contemporaries Zhou Duny Neokonfutsean Lou Tszyu-Yuan argued that the main Taoist ideas are too clearly expressed in the treatise "Tai Choi" and the primacy of Ji (boundless) in relation to Taiji (decorated ) Therefore, this text could not write Zhou Duny - a zealous and zealous preacher of neoconfucianism.

The prototype of modern drawing chart Taiji goes back to the Taoist Master Chen Tuan (陳摶), who was a teacher Zhang Sanfan (張三 丰), the creator of Tai Chi-Quyan. The Chen Tuan diagram is called "Xian Tian Tai Chi Tu" ("the plan of the prednesey great limit") and it was not only depicted as follows (see Fig. Right), but also understood something differently than modern inquiring. Here, the intersections of points means the principle of unification of Yin and Yang (and therefore they come into contact with each other), i.e. The result that must be achieved through the practice of internal alchemy.

When this diagram came to the philosopher neoconfucian Zhu SI (朱熹) (1130 - 1200), follower Zhou Duny, then he modified like her drawing (converting it to modern appearance), so and the philosophical understanding. And now he contributed widespread His new doctrine. Thus, we see that the well-known symbol of Tai Chi and his interpretation introduced into a wide use of not Taoi at all, namely neoconfucian philosophers. It was not very difficult to do it, because neoconfucianism itself contains various ideas Borrowed from Taoism and Buddhism, and therefore his ideas could easily penetrate these traditions and, to a certain extent, to change the initial meaning and explanation of certain concepts. Also, neoconfucianism at one time was appointed as the main ideology of the state, and therefore the possibility of its influence on other ideologies was very significant.

Now we turn to the features of Chart Tiji, which belongs to Zhu Si. The key point of this theory is that a rather abstract understanding of the concept of Yin and Yang is considered here and denies the existence of the "clean" forces Yin or Yang. This denial is expressed in a diagram in that in the "black fish" there is a "white eye" and vice versa. Those. We see only the philosophical view on the world forces Yin and Yang. This understanding, of course, has the right to exist and can be effectively used in many cases.

But, there is a big "but"! And this "But" occurs when, as part of the practice of internal alchemy, we start working with Yin and Yang energies. Here we just encounter the fact that the philosophy of philosophy, and the reality may be completely different than we could come up with. In this case, this is expressed in the fact that during the practice we discover the "clean" energy Yang without Yin and Yin's energy without Yang.

To better understand what this is speech, let's now consider the ancient Taoist figure Yin and Yang, which more accurately displays the relationship between the forces of Yin and Yang and which Zhou Duny used (see fig below). Looking at this diagram, we see a completely different picture and relationship between the two forces that it displays. And to understand what is drawn here, it may not be so simple.

And this diagram is already very ancient and was made in the Neolithic era, and this is more than 3 thousand years before AD. Now let's look at what the essence of the ancient theory Yin and Yang. In the diagram we see that black (yin) and white (yang) bands are symmetrical relative to each other, and it sets the balance of two opposite principles. All this is the natural law of nature - just as the day replaces the night, the breath should be exhaled, after the cold comes warm.

We also see that the forces of Yin and Yang exist in parallel and opposite to each other. An empty circle inside indicates a single initial one of which everything stems. It is also necessary to say that the energy of Yin and Yang themselves are not attracted as "+" and "-", but, on the contrary, repel. This is due primarily to the fact that their strength is multidirectional, i.e. The power of the Yang lies in motion from the center to the periphery, and the power of Yin - from the periphery to the center, so they cannot be connected in the usual states. And, nevertheless, in all living (material), Yin and Yang energy organisms are present at the same time, and each other is maintained, although they can be in different proportions, as well as gather in their pure form in separate parts of the body.

Most. simple example "Clean" energy yang outside our body is sunlight, and Yin's energy is the force of gravity. At the same time, the sun itself has both Yin's energy, and in the center of the earth (the core of the planet) is the energy of Yang. In widely popular literature, it is often said that Yang is "strong", and Yin is "weak." This statement is erroneous, and, for example, the same force of gravity can not be called "weak". It should be understood that both forces can be in different statesAs in the active (strong Yang and Yin) and passive (weak Yang and Yin), and it is this understanding that underlies the theory of Sin (five elements).

Based on the foregoing, we can draw the following conclusion: In practical Taoism, Yin and Yang energy are quite concrete forces, and not abstract concepts, according to philosophical circles.

Anyway, an ordinary person perceives the world in dlya, there is a subject (man himself) and objects that surround it. And this duality is nothing like all the same yin and yang. The goal of Taoist practice is to comprehend its original nature, which is possible through the achievements of one (single), which means the disappearance of duality and achieving a holistic unity with all the universe at all levels, from the most coarse to the finest.

In the Tao school, Zhen Dao (as in other traditional Taoi directions), the path to the acquisition of unity begins with "cleansing the mind from pollution" and "elimination of oversities". At the level of working with the energy, the base technique is that we comprehend its quality and the properties of Yin and Yang and carry out their splashes (匹配 阴阴). This is a very difficult task, based on the fact that the energy impulses of the strength of Yin and Yang are multidirectional, and therefore we can say that Yin and Yang in the body of an ordinary person never can be merged together, because For them it is not natural. Only thanks to the methods of internal alchemy (Nadean), a person can achieve their connections and use at the same time, and not in turn. When such a merger occurs, then the person gets completely new opportunities and new level Perception of reality. This result can be displayed in the following diagrams (see Figures below).

They displays an alchemical result of the fusion of Yin and Yang, and notice, despite the fact that in the first diagram we see the same "fish" as well as on the "modern" drawing, only they have no "glazics". Alchemical diagrams well reflect the dynamic processes of two opposite forces, so we can talk about the existence of a young, mature and old Yang and young, mature and old yin. In the usual man, Yin and Yang energy does not interact in such a combined manner, as indicated in the figures, it is characteristic only for practicing inner alchemy. Therefore, one of the most important goals of practical Taoism is the merger of Yin and Yang, which, in fact, is the first step towards finding immortality (enlightenment) and the comprehension of Tao.

"Bobruisk courier" returns to his "historical" heading "Yin-Yan", which has been for more than 20 years, and which last years It was undeservedly "Forgotten".

Relationship between a man and a woman; domestic powers, energy that allow us to live and develop; Ways to achieve harmony with themselves and others ... And much more, much more ... Watch out for our publications.

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Editorial

Yin and Yan - female and male start. This concept came to us from China. The ancient Chinese wise men interpreted the yin-yang as a symbol of the unity of the whole, opposite parts of which are moving into each other, constituting the strongest energy together.

The initial meaning of Yin and Yang is the shadow and sunny slope of the mountain. This value, it is impossible to better reflect the essence of these two. They represent only different sides One mountain. Their differences are determined internal nature The slope itself, and the third force (the Sun), which alternately illuminates the one, then the other side.

And now - more about each of the components of the Yin-Yan symbol.

Yin

Female energy in astrology corresponds to the moon. Therefore, the feminine start is the night, darkness, abyss, cold, passivity, intravert (focus on internal). It finds the principle of fluidity, flexibility. As a result, the predominance of women of such qualities as softness, tenderness, the ability to forgive and accept. The power of the female began is the power of intuition and emotions.

Yin's energy can be compared with water: water does not have a form, it takes the form of the surrounding world, fills in itself.

Also, the ENGY Yin is largely endowed with the land: it submits in itself all the seeds that came to it from outside. She is in idle waiting when it is used. She takes.

The energy of Yin is inert: Just is in space and expects something to give her a motion vector.

Yan.

Male energy in astrology corresponds to the sun. Male beginning is a day, fire, activity, purposefulness, dynamics, categoricality, leadership, extrovertivity (focus on external). The power of the male began is the power of mind.

Energy Yan gives motivation and desire to act. It has a vector and desire.

Male start is an idea, seed. He needs land that this seed will grow in himself. Energy Yan gives.

But this does not mean at all that the woman is filled exclusively to Yin's energy, and the man is Yan. In fact, in each of us, regardless of gender, there are both energies. But for the harmony of personality it is important that women have more female EnergyAnd men are men. In the opposite case there will be an imbalance of energies that can lead to unpleasant consequences. Let's talk about them in more detail.

In a woman too much energy yin

1. Loss of physical form. Appears excess weight Or muscles become sluggish and weak.

2. Flashes of uncontrollable emotions. Sadness, depressed state, hysterics, resentment, apathy becomes a constant satellite of a woman if Yan's energy is missing.

3. Laziness, reluctance to do something. Such women will always want to take a horizontal position: lie on the sofa and do nothing. After all, Yin is peace, land.

4. No goals in life. Since Yin's energy has no vector, then a woman in which this energy is too much, will become inert and misintermetative.

5. dissatisfaction with everyone and everyone. Yin has no purpose, therefore, no result can be achieved. Such a woman will not know what he wants, and everything that she has, it will seem for her not what she would like.

In a woman, too much energy Yan

1. Male physique. Large shoulders, narrow hips, dry muscles - such a type of figure is often caused by an overweight in the Yan energy woman. And if such a woman begins to fully fully, it happens, as a rule, on the male type: the hands in the shoulders will be full and the belly grows.

2. The habit of "all build". A woman with an overlapping energy Yan loves to command, does not tolerate disagreement with her opinion.

3. Tension. Yan is the energy of constant voltage. A woman who dominates this energy is very difficult to relax and "turn off the brain".

4. Inability to accept. Energy Yan - the energy giving, and not accepting. It is not surprising that a woman with an oppression of this energy, ready to give "the last shirt".

5. Sexual deviations. The desire of coarse sex with elements of violence is a way to harmonize yourself for women with an imbalance of energies.

In a man, too much energy Yan

1. Excessive passion for your body. The activity that is enclosed in Yan's energy will definitely find the exit in sports. And if the man has improved this energy, he will not get out of the gym days, bringing his body to ideal.

2. Dominacy. A man with an overlapping energy Yan wants to dominate always and above everyone. Large difficulties will arise in relationships with the bosses, because to obey for such a man - the judge torture.

3. Aggression and rudeness. ENERGY ENERGY YAN Such good qualitiesAs purposefulness and confidence converts to urgency and self-confidence. Attempts to disagree with a man who has increased the energy level of Yan, fraught with surges of aggression and rudeness from his side.

In a man, too much energy yin

1. Passivity. Nothing amazing that the man with the prevailing energy yin will be overweight and small income. After all, the activity and purposefulness, inherent energy of Yan, will be covered with passivity and inertness of Yin energy.

2. Softness. The principle of fluidity and flexibility inherent in Yin's energy will result in a man who has this energy dominates, will try to bypass sharp corners, not join conflicts, make compromises.

3. Give inability. Such a man does not feel like a getter. He completely lacks the desire to give something, but to get something, without applying efforts, he will not refuse.

Balance is a very fragile thing. It is not easy to achieve the balance of energy and gain harmony. But it is not easy - not it is impossible. We will tell you about the way to harmonize the personality in our next article in the "Yin-Yan" heading.

For the first time, two started entitled "Yin" and "Yang" are mentioned in the famous Ancient Chinese treatise "Book of Changes". Yin, according to this book, symbolizes a dark and soft substance, Yang - light and solid. In this work, the idea of \u200b\u200btheir interaction has not yet been expressed, it begins to develop a little later, as Chinese philosophy improves. Both beginnings acquire more and more pronounced and detailed features: Yin becomes a symbol of darkness, nights, moon, earth, cold, odd numbers, negative phenomena, yang - the complete opposite. Philosophers begin to think about how these concepts affect each other.

The ancient Chinese wise men came to the conclusion that the polar forces should constantly interact with each other in order to generate changes in nature, which give rise to life. Yin and Yang, they are closely connected with each other and are a single phenomenon. As a result of the development of this idea, a new teaching called Taoism was appeared: the two opposite parties of Being reveal the concept of Dao, explain the volatile nature of the world and complementing all existing phenomena. It can not be light without darkness, good without evil, white without black - both ideas are equal. Moreover, for harmonious development, they should balancing each other, otherwise disorders are possible. So, according to this teaching, an imbalance Yin and Yang may be the cause of diseases developing in the human body.

Meaning Yin and Yang

The interaction of both began well presented at the famous Taoist symbol - a circle, divided into two halves, black and white, with points of the opposite color on each of them. These points mean that each force carries the grain of another start. Symmetry symbolizes the stability and equilibrium of the two forces, and - variability, lack of staticness, constant motion in a circle.

Each of the concepts corresponds to a whole set opposing in meaning. Yang is a male beginning, it symbolizes activity, life, fiery element, dryness and warmth. Yang is the movement outward, it is space and expansion. With this start binding red and white colorsIt corresponds to sour and bitter tastes. Summer is the manifestation of Yang, all animals and cereals are the creation of this power.

Yin is a feminine start, corresponding to cold, passivity, softness and severity. Yin symbolizes compression, position inside, orientation to its state, and not on environment. Therefore, the side of Yin is strong in introverts, and in the extrovertes - Yang. Yin is described by purple and black flowers, it corresponds to sweet, acute and salty tastes, as well as all

In the ancient Chinese mythology and natural philosophy, Yin-Yang (Tai Tzi, the Great Limit) is a symbol of the creative unity of opposites in the Universe. It was depicted in the form of a circle, the image of infinity, separated by the wavy line on two halves - dark and light. Symmetrically located inside the circle two points - bright on a dark background and dark on light - they said that each of the two great forces of the universe carries the germ of the opposite start. Dark and bright fields denoted by yin and yang, symmetrical, but this symmetry is not static. It implies a permanent movement in a circle - when one of two began reaches his peak, it is already ready to retreat: "Yang, having reached the peak of his development, retreats in the face of Yin. Yin, having reached the peak of its development, retreats in the face of Yang. "

"The concept of Yin and Yang - two opposite and complementary began - permeates everything in the Chinese cultural tradition, from the state management system and relationships between people to the rules of nutrition and self-regulation. It also applies to a very difficult scheme of relationship between man and the spiritual world ... The concept of Yin and Yang, as it can not more accurately conveys the perception by the Chinese and the outside world, and the world inside itself. " (A. Maslov)

According to the ideas of the ancient Chinese, all manifestations are generated by dynamic alternation and the interaction of these opposite forces. The separation of the sky and the Earth was preceded by the state of the pristine integrity of the world. This source of all things was called chaos ("Hongldun") or infinite ("Chi"). To start creating peace, the chaos should have been differentiated. First of all, he broke up into two main elements - Yang and Yin. The interaction of these elements led to the formation of objects of the visible nature.

"Initially, Yin and Yan meant, respectively, the shadow and solar slopes of the mountain (such an understanding can, in particular, to meet in" and Jin ") - and this symbolism, as it should not better reflect the essence of these two. On the one hand, they represent only the different slopes of one mountain, not convergeous to each other, but not different from each other; On the other hand, their qualitative difference is determined by the internal nature of the slope itself, but some third force - the Sun, which alternately illuminates both slope. " (A. Maslov)

From the era of Zhou, the Chinese began to consider the sky as an embodiment of Yang, and the land is Yin. "Qi sky and land, gathering, forms unity, and divided, forms Yin and Yang," said the traditional formula. The sun and the moon, Tai Yang and Tai Yin, the Great Yang and the Great Yin form a couple of opposites giving rise to the forms of the sky.

Already in antiquity, Jan and Yin gave life a number of cosmological symbols. Yang's power corrected with heaven, sun, warmth, light, spirit, life, active and male start, left side, odd numbers. Yang symbolizes all the bright, dry and high: mountain, heaven, sunny animals and birds. Yin is the original waters, passive, feminine, moon, soul, depth, negative, soft and compliant, north, darkness, death, even numbers. In the field of human thinking yin is an intuitive female mind, Yang is a clear rational reason for a man. Yin is the immobility of the sages immersed in contemplation, Yang - the creative activity of the ruler. The contrast of Yin and Yang is not only the principle organizing the entire Chinese culture, but also reflected in the two main philosophical directions of China. Confucianism prefers all rational, male, active. Taoism, on the contrary, prefers intuitive, female, mystical.

Extreme Yang and extreme yin correlate with the elements of fire and water. The cycle of their mutual transformations includes two intermediate stages, symbolized by elements of metal and wood. The circle of transformations Yin and Yang is formed, having, like any circumference, its center. The emblem of the center is the element of the Earth. So the great limit unfolds in a five-piased structure, which combines the binary of Yin-Yang and the triad of creation, and therefore it is a capacious symbol of the universe.

One of the most important concepts of the traditional Chinese worldview is San Tsai - "Three Matters", "Three Dara", "Three Wealth": Heaven, Earth and the people connecting them. In the cycle of its development, the chaos breeds two starts of the universe - the sky and the land, and gets completion in man. In "Dae De Jing" it is said: "One creates two; Two give birth three; Three gives rise to all the darkness of things. " A man, in Chinese concepts, stands in the center of the Universe, it closes on it, they keep the global flow of being. "From a comprehensive nature of Dao, which enlists both Macrocosm, and a microcosm, in the" canon of change "it follows the idea of \u200b\u200ba person as the center of events: the personality that is aware of its responsibility may be equal to the forces of the cosmos - heaven and earth ... in that The extent in which personality, aware of their responsibility, is given to affect the course of things, the variability ceases to be a cunning unrecognized West, becoming an organic world order, which is in harmony with human nature. Therefore, a person is given a far from an insignificant role. " (Helmut Wilhelm, "Change")

Thus, everything that has nothing else, as the transformation of a single flow of being, the projection of the Great Path, ultimately - "transformed one". Both beginnings - Yin and Yang - are included in the circle of universal cyclic circulation and change.

A. A. Maslov

Yin and Yang: chaos and order

Maslov A.A. China: Dragon Taming. Spiritual searches and sacred ecstasy.

M.: Aletiaia, 2003, p. 29-36.

The concept of Yin and Yang - two opposite and complementary began - it struck everything in Chinese cultural tradition, from the system of management and relationships between people to the power rules and self-regulation. It also applies to a very complex system of relationship between man and the spiritual world. An image of the Yin-Yang symbol (not an ancient one and there was an ancient and late) like dark and light-tolkukrukov became hardly business card all East Asian culture, and it can be found on the covers of Western books on nutrition, healthy image Life, philosophy, religion of China.

Yin-Yang has become so closely associated with "Chinese themes", which are perceived as some prickly inherent start. The concept of Yin and Yang, as it can not more accurately conveys the perception by the Chinese as an external world and the world within themselves. However, it is not worth it to take primitive and simplistic.
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First of all, it is necessary to dispel the well-established myth about the essence of Yin and Yang: in Chinese culture they have never been "enshrined" for some couples of opposites, as is commonly considered in popular writings. This means that Yin-Yang was not equal to the dark-bright, male women, the Sun-Moon, etc., and this mistake was repeatedly criticized by experts. Nevertheless, such a primitive interpretation can be found in modern Chinese literature, and at the level of the resourceful ideas of the Chinese. Thus, the true essence of Yin-Yang - so seemingly many times outlined - remained hidden. It seems to us that the understanding of the "intimate" in Chinese culture is impossible without the right awareness of Yin-Yang,

The principle of Yin and Yang spreads far beyond such a simplified view, he lives at the level of the perception of the spiritual world, the relationship between man and society, the Chinese and "Barbara" -inostrans. Even in politics, China is one of the few countries that in all contracts invariably requires Duyden - parity relationships, measures and steps.

The concept of Yin-Yang meant the presence of the foreseement in general, which marks itself the deportation of the entire material and spiritual world. It is easy to understand that the creation of culture for China is, first of all, ordering entities, termination of chaos.

The world's perception by the Chinese is always situationally and never constantly, that is, the world is constantly transformed, and therefore nothing is truly and to the end, nothing is true in nature and initially. Actually the motive of truth, which can only be given as a permanent transformation, and there is the basis of the mystical representation of Yin-Yang.

The situability of perception itself gives rise to the idea of \u200b\u200bthe constant transition of opposites to each other, so Yin-Yang is not equal to the female-male, and male-female couples, empty-filled are only a consequence of such a binary type of thinking.

Initially, Yin and Yang meant, respectively, the shadow and solar slopes of the mountain (such an understanding can, in particular, to meet in "and Jin") - and this symbolism, as it should not better reflect the essence of these two. On the one hand, they represent only the different sides of one mountain, not convergeous to each other, but not different from each other, on the other hand, their qualitative difference is due not to the inner nature of the slope itself, but by some third force - the sun, which alternately illuminates Both slope.
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For the magical space, neither Yin nor Yang, as well as luck or misfortune, are not absolute - it is only part of one phenomenon, and the separation of them on the "good" and "evil" part of life occurs only in an ordinary level, in the consciousness of the uninitiated person. Dao, for example, aware of what "only in the subway found it was learned that the deformity was also beautifully understood. As soon as everyone learned that good was good, the evil immediately appeared. For the presence and absence generate each other. Complex and simple creating each other "(" Dae Jing ", § 2). The mystical law "Pair Birth" (Shuang Sheng) launches an infinite wheel of mutual parties, which can be stopped, only avoiding the forefront in general. The motive of an infinite "ring", where all parts are equal to each other, hesitated in "Dae De Jin", which says that "before" and "after" follow each other, that is, there is no separation on the "beginning" in the mystical world and "end". In essence, it is the absolute embodiment of Tao, which is equally "prostrated and left and right" ("Dae De Jing", § 34).

Separately, these qualities do not exist, because in this case the thing / phenomenon (y) is extended from the world stream and the consonance of the world is broken, it is assigned a certain "name" (min), while true Tao "Unnamed".

The sacred space of being in China is in the absolute binary balance of Yin-Yang, which is manifested even at the level of everyday believer. For example, if someone died in the house, it will soon happen some happy event, in the event of the child's birth, happiness and good luck can bypass the house some time. Moreover, it is believed that good luck will visit first of all those who helped to clothe or wash the deceased or actively prepared the funeral ceremony. This is considered remuneration from the soul of the deceased (Hyan) to all those who came to the funeral.

Formally, Yin and Yang are considered absolutely equal to each other, and that is how they are interpreted at a source level. But the realities of the Chinese occult show that absolute equality between yin and yang does not exist.

In the mystical closed tradition, Yin was considered more valuable and high. It was it that was a generalizing metaphor of all hidden, hidden, secret, which was so highly appreciated in China. It is the beginning of Yin, for example, "depicted" on Chinese landscapes for painted water-waters or orchids. It is Yin as dominant and comprehensive, but a constantly hidden began stood throughout the power of the imperial decor.

It is not difficult to understand so great importance to Yin - in fact, Puth-Tao itself was nothing more than the embodiment of Yin. Dao has all the features of Yin and Pi one line yang. First of all, it is "hidden", "unclear", "foggy." It possesses and purely female functions - generates all the phenomena and things of this world. It elderly eludes, it is impossible to feel nor to express. Tao in many ancient treatises turns out to be synonymously water - its advantage, the absence of a constant form:
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The female always overcomes the male to their peace.
Staying alone
It ranks lower position. (« Dae de Jing » , § 62)

Looking for men, keep and female,
Becoming a lumppiest.
Be a cutting miserable, -
Then constant grace will not leave you. (« Dae de Jing » , § 28)

The tradition of concealing and disorder, Yin neo-formability is present in the concept of fertile energy DE. It is the fullness of DE and distinguishes true masters and great rulers, emperors from other people. Nevertheless, everything carries part of grace-de. But grace is not divine as the manifestation of the Higher God, but absolutely self-sufficient and self-optical energy. It acts as the energy of infinitely "hidden" (Xuan) and "sophisticated" (Miao), because of which it is not noticed by the uninitudes. Moreover, every true fertile energy is hidden, and in another quality it can not even exist.

Nevertheless, "hidden grace" everywhere, like a life fluid, ishes and drinks the whole world. It is also manifested in the concept of fullness of souls or spirits (lin) of the whole world. The souls of the dead, for example, rushing in water streams and expect that moment when they can connect with the blood streams of living beings in order to later revive. They come to life in some yellow waters (Juan Shui) - streams formed in the spring with melting snow.

The beginning of Yin here acts as a striking way and as a hidden product of invisible and disordered spirits, representing the world of the dead, and at the same time as the beginning, giving life and existence in general, like the path-Dao.

We note that water in the Chinese tradition is obviously associated with fertility (as in most peoples), as well as a childbody function. Partially it was associated with the connotations between water and the way-Tao. Both of these beginnings did not have a constant shape and took the form of "that vessel in which was nalite." Here is also compliance, elusiveness, following changes. However, the most important thing - and the Dao gives the birth of the myriads of creatures, at the same time giving a momentum to life, but further does not ruin over them, leaving higher degree Freedom of development: "Give life and not to rule." Yes, as well as water, "occupies the lower position" by analogy with how all the waters from the tops tend to the valleys. "The female, also occupying the lower position, rules over the male," says Dao Dzzin. All of these hydraulic allusions about the Dao-Wheel, found in Lao Tzu, there are echoes, and sometimes quotes from ancient mystical cults recorded in the VI -V centuries. BC, but having significantly earlier origin.
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It would seem that the water must correspond only to the women's start to Yin as an as little and giving birth. In general, as we have already spoken, in the Old Town Mysteriology, Yin always prevails over Yang in terms of internal coal reality, since the Tao rather corresponds to the beginning of Yin, rather than equally symbolizing them both. However, the water most often was a wicked seed without a male or female start - it seems that this symbolism arose long before the Taoque concept of Dao-Water.

Water generally symbolizes a certain rhythm of life, there are spirits of the dead in it to be reborn again, it is filled, according to various legends, or Qi, or Semeny Jing. For example, the ancient treatise "Guan-Tzu" attributed to the author of the VII century. BC. (In reality, the text is written in a little later), the adviser to the ruler of the kingdom of qi, speaks of water as a childbearing and the symbol of a "true" person: "The man is like water. Only when a man and a woman turn out to be together, his seed-jing and its energy-qi are united, the water is caused, which give the form [new] to man. "

It is quite different in the secular tradition, to which, by the way, many things could also be treated, externally similar to some "secret". Here the beginning of Yang, on the contrary, was estimated above. Sometimes this is explained by the patriarchal orientation of society, where a man, that is, the expressant began to start the main role. Even rituals are known, thanks to which a woman (i.e. Yin) could go to the level of a man (i.e. Yang) and thereby improve their status. Basically, such rituals were associated with various "transformations" of menstrual blood, which at that moment was considered the embodied energy yin, in one of these rituals, in particular, the son symbolically drank the menstrual blood of the mother and thereby raised it to the status of a man. At the same time, he himself strengthened his energy through the reception of this "secret" beginning, that is, Yin. It is not by chance that the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties were specifically ordered to collect menstrual allocations of young girls - of them were made the pills of longevity, which were also noticeably increased
Male energy.

Heavenly perfume and the highest spirit of the antiquity of the Shan Di seemed as the highest moment of ordering, absolute harmony and order. It is the beginning of Yang, and it is they who help their soul after the death of a person to keep their
Individuality, at the expense of what descendants may increase to it.
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These features were transferred to the Shan-Di representative on Earth - Emperor, Son Sky. This harmonizing and ordering effect is opposed and at the same time it complements the world of the beginning of yin, presented by the spirit of the GUY type, marking the chaos, unstructured mass and entropy, harmfulness and destruction. Moreover, the spirits and Shan Di themselves may be not some mystical entities, but only the metaphor of the eternal collision of the unstructured mass (perfume GUi, including in purgatory) with a clear structure and a hierarchy represented by the Shen's kind heavenly spirits. Such a strange structure of the awareness of the world as chaos-order alternations even allowed some researchers to talk about the presence of a certain single metaphor of peace of perception, and it is difficult to disagree with it. The ideas about the spirits, about the complex celestial hierarchy, ultimately were not only facilities of faith, but the metaphor of imperial hierarchical unity: chaos and order in the esoteric world always have their exact reflection in the world after seeing.

Yin is an obvious pristine chaos, this is the appeal of a person to the very source (more precisely, before-source) of its own occurrence. Chaos in the Taoist thought, as well as in all mystical schools, is positive and creative, since it symbolizes the absentiance and unity of the world. He is a sign not so much born in the world, as potentially laid in it the possibility of birth of anything without a clear definition of its essence. This is the possibility of all and potency to everything in its absolute amorphy and uncertainty. His metaphor is the concepts of "initial com", "the busty emptiness of the cave", "infinite" (yu, and s), "predependent" (Syant Tian). This is the abode that does not have forms and borders, where they are merged together knowledge and ignorance, birth and death, being and non-existence.

All imperial culture - embodied Yang - confronts the symbolism of the "initial coma". It is designed to share and "distribute names", and almost paranoid traction of Chinese ancient wise men and modern politicians to ordering and creating clear value hierarchies There are no more than an attempt to embody the prevalence principle of Yang over Yin. At the same time, this is the principle of secular culture - here Yang is dominated by Yin, while in the Mystical Paradigm Yin is the only possible outcome of the opposition and complementance of Yin and Yang.

The mystical cults that were embodied in Taoism in some folk rituals, on the contrary gave the priority of Yin, given that the Tao itself acts as Yin - it is sufficient, invisible, his allegory is pushing water, which does not have a form, hollow, women's launo. Thus, mystical teachings did not put the sign of equality between Yin and Yang, but obviously with their concepts of "secretly hidden", "amazing-related" sought to turn a person to the beginning of Yin. Here just

cultivated the priority of chaos as an initial, undecided state over the order as something frozen, rigid, approaching death. The coming to the endless absentia is manifested, in particular, in the myth on a unborn baby. So, Lao Tzu compares himself with a baby, "who has not yet learned to smile," which "does not show signs of life." It is noteworthy that this is one of the rarest passages, where Lao Tzi in the treatise "Tao De Jing" speaks from the first person, here hear the speech of a dedicated preacher and mentor.

Ultimately, this is "Yin's grave » The apparent marginalism of the Taoist and the mystical culture underlying on its basis. She avoided the manifestations of Yang, practiced ecstatic cults, eliminating order and harmony, preached by imperial official. There were numerous sexual cults that are not recognized by the official authorities. In particular; The Duham-Gui that was worshiped with yin and harmfulness in general, the graves of the dead robbers and fallen women were worshiped, the rituals of the causing spirits were performed, conversations with them, traveling to the world of the dead.

The thesis about the mystical "transition of Yin in Yang" (Yin Yang Jiao) had a completely real, although very unusual refraction. He, first of all, affected the possibility of transformation of the person himself, more precisely, the most characteristic feature - gender change. In Chinese magical stories, the moments of the transition of a woman in a man and the opposite are often discussed. The seplace of the floor could be carried out by various magical methods, such as taking a wonderful pill or with the help of Taoirs or stray magicians.

This is partly due to the same exceptional occult magism, shamanist archetypes who lived in the consciousness of the Chinese and appealing in folklore. The change of the appearance is generally a common part of the occult rituals, since the entry into the coordinated world is characterized by the overall transformation of the appearance of the Adept, it emphasizes the fundamental difference in the world of spirits from the world of people. And it is precisely this implies in some cases the temporary rebirth of a person in another image and the appearance, including the transition of men to the women's deity.

So, one story from the Taoist collection talks about a woman who, after a long lack of a man, with the help of magical funds managed to reincarnate in a man, to centen himself, and then, again as a woman, give birth to a child.
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Moreover, in the Chinese tradition, such wonderful transformation had both didactic subtext: even the magic was used with the pragmatic purpose of serving the ancestors. The girl was regret for a long time that he was not born with young men, because only a young man can fully perform all the ritual rites on the departed ancestors, and above all by his father. Toving the fact that it is not able to fully realize the ideal of sons of respectfulness (Xiao), once at night in a dream she saw the spirit that opened her stomach and put something in him. When she woke up from sleep, it turned out that she turned into a man. In general, in such stories, I could well draw my inspiration 3. Freud, but in general, the motive of reincarnation, gender shifts here have not only a psychological, but also a religious-shamanist aspect. Of course, the Chinese folklore even reveals the most deep aspects of the human psyche and demonstrates that in Western tradition, consecrated by Christian standards, carefully disappeared.

Thus, the Yin-Yang composition turned out to be a universal scheme of alternating events, most often perceived as an absolute order and absolute chaos, and it was the chaos and the beginning of Yin turned out to be the attributes of the mystical culture of China. All the true associated with Yin, it was so damaged and hidden and presented in this world through symbols, numeric and color magic. And, as a result, the awareness of the existence of a certain magic scheme of being, equal to the absolute non-esteem, which and should be calculated.

B.L. Rifttin

Riftin B. L. Yin and Yang. Myths of the peoples of the world. T.1., M., 1991, p. 547.

In the Ancient Chinese mythology and natural philosophy, the dark start (yin) and the opposite of him the bright start (Yang) always performed in a double combination. Initially, Yin meant, apparently, the shadow (north) slope of the mountain. Subsequently, when distributing the binary classification, Yin became a symbol of the female start, the north, darkness, death, land, moon, even numbers, etc. And Yang, initially, apparently, meaning the light (southern) slope of the mountain, respectively began to symbolize the male beginning, south, light, life, sky, sun, odd numbers, etc.

Ancient-like pair symbols include Kauri (Women's Beginning - Yin) and Nephritis (Male Start -an). It is assumed that the basis of this symbolism is the archaic ideas about fertility, reproduction and foolic cult. This ancient symbolism, emphasizing the dualism of the male and femalehe began, received an iconographic expression on ancient bronze vessels in the form of phallos-like protrusions and vul-shaped ovals.

No later than from the head of Zhou, the Chinese began to consider the sky as an embodiment of Yang, and the earth - Yin. The whole process of the Universe and Being was considered by the Chinese as a result of interaction, but not the confrontation of Yin and Yang, who seek each other, and the culmination of this is considered the complete merger of the sky and land.

The Yin and Yang system was the basis of an ancient and medieval Chinese worldview, was widely used by Daus and in a folk religion for the classification of spirits, with fortune telling, etc.

A.I.Pigalv, D.V. Wedskimtsev

Pigal'ev A.I., Evdokimtsev D.V. Yang and Yin.

History of philosophy. Encyclopedia. Minsk, 2002, p. 1347-1348.

Yang and Yin - Mother-proof concepts of the Ancient Chinese Philosophical School of Taoism, as well as the Chinese symbol of the dual distribution of forces, including an active or male principle (Yang) and passive, or female, principle (Yin). It possesses a shape of a circle, separated by a line of a line resembling a sigma; Thus formed two parts acquire dynamic intent, which does not happen when the division is carried out using a diameter. (Light half represents the power of Yang, and the dark - means Yin; However, each of the half includes a circle - carved from the middle of the opposite half, thus symbolizing the fact that each of the modes should contain the germ of his opposite.) It was assumed that it was assumed that Nature and man are generated by land and sky. At the time of the beginning of being, transparent air, ether, in void separated from chaos, transform and generate the sky; Heavy and muddy air, precipitated, forms the earth. The compound, the adhesion of the smallest particles of the sky and the Earth is carried out with the help of Yang and Yin, interacting and mutually resolving each other, and also began evil and good, cold and heat, darkness and light. The interdependence and interdependence of Yang and Yin were described in the context of the increase in one in the other, the passage of the limit of the prevalence of one, then the other and back. The endless process of global movement, active being is built by concentric circles around the conventional center of the universe, associated for a person with a sense of harmony, confidence, peace. Yin (Earth) and Yang (heaven) give rise to four times of the year and all things of the world (and inanimate objects, and animated creatures), acting as a substance " vital energy"(" Qi "- Kit.," Ki "- Japanese). Interaction Yin andJan. it produces five major elements capable of moving into each other: wood, earth, water, fire and metal. Infinite sky, denoted by an endless line (circle); Earth, due to its limitity in the space described by the sign of the square to couple with a person, the symbol of which is the triangle - the phenomena of the sacrament of life passing a series of metamorphosis ("grabbed" Magic characters "Gua") - in the center of their classic image in the form of a circular diagram and The "Monad" is placed - Yin and Yang complementary by each other. They are the first priority of all sorts of change, basic structure "The Great Limit" ("Thaz-Ze") is an inescapable source. Yang acts as "inner" life, the coming, creating male start; Yin - as an outside world, retreating, destructive - Women's hypostasis of a dynamic basis of being. The internal organs of the person and their aggregate (complexes) are divided into Jan- and Yin- "subsystems." Yang organs are subject to the impact of states of consciousness and unconscious mental impulses, the health of the body is determined by the yin-organs. Fright, anxiety, excitement (and other Yang influences) are able to destructively influence the yin organs. Mutual, complementary, mutual enrichment, mutual absorption, interconnection of everything and all - Yang and Yin - everything that can be understood and comprehended by man, and what lies outside of his understanding, is the main law of Tao. Theory Yin and Yang originated in the middle of 1 millennium BC.

In the tradition of modern sexually erotic urban folklore european type The Yin and Yang symbol acquires a value that is significantly complementary by reference behavioral models. Not only inseparable unity, mutual responsibility and the need for harmony loving people- The high value of the readiness of lovers of individuals to self-conformations is proclaimed (not necessarily realized and rationally motivated) in order to achieve compliance with the initiated external medium spontaneous spiritual and physical metamorphosis of its loved one, as well as a truly human meaning and the sound of the phenomenon of the presence in Yin-Yang. Acquired and interioritious spiritual features of each other.