Make a morphological analysis of the verb I perform. How to make a morphological analysis of a verb: scheme and examples

Part of speech, general grammatical meaning and a question.
Initial form (infinitive). Morphological features:
	Permanent morphological features:
		view(perfect, imperfect);
		recurrence(irrevocable, returnable);
		transitivity(transitive, intransitive);
	Variable morphological features:
		mood;
		time(in the indicative mood);
		number;
		face(in the present, future tense; in the imperative mood);
		genus(in the singular past tense and subjunctive mood).
Role in the proposal(which member of the sentence is the verb in this sentence).

Verb parsing patterns

Do you like to ride – love and carry sleds(proverb).

Do you love

what are you doing?

N. f. - be in love. Morphological features: A) Permanent morphological features: 1) imperfect appearance; 2) irrevocable; 3) transitional; 4) II conjugation. B) Variable morphological characters. Used in the form: 1) indicative mood; 2) present time; 3) singular; 4) 2nd person.

Ride

Verb; denotes an action; answers the question what to do?

N. f. - ride. Morphological features: A) Permanent morphological features: 1) imperfect appearance; 2) returnable; 3) intransitive; 4) I conjugation. B) Variable morphological characters. Used in the infinitive form (invariant form).

In a sentence, it is part of a compound verb predicate.

love

Verb; denotes an action; answers the question what do you do?

In a sentence, it is part of a compound verb predicate.

Describe the verb as a part of speech. Give the concept of conjugated and non-conjugated verb forms. From the highlighted sentences, select all the verb forms and determine which of them are conjugated and which are non-conjugated.

Verb- an independent part of speech that answers the questions what to do? what to do and means

action,

condition,

relation:

write - write, work - work, save - save, study, compete, unite, meet.

Verb classificationDepending on the type

perfect look,

imperfect kind.

By transitivity

transitional,

intransitive.

By return

returnable,

irrevocable.

By type of change

1st conjugation,

2nd conjugation,

dissimilar,

specially conjugated.

By the nature of the character

impersonal.

Change of verbs Verbs change by inclination, of which there are three:

indicative:We are watching a movie. The ship arrived yesterday. We will write an essay;

conditional (subjunctive):I would go to the pool if they offered me. If I had known the buyback, I would have lived in Sochi;

imperative:Measure seven times - cut one; Live and learn.

In the indicative mood verbs change at times, of which there are three:

the present:The moon shines, the clear one shines; Winter sings, calls out, shaggy snow cradles;

past:That year, autumn weather stood for a long time in the yard, winter was waiting, nature was waiting. Snow fell only in January on the third night;

future:We will recognize distant countries, we will study the structure of the earth, and we, captains, will grow up, we will lead ships in due time.

In present and future tense verbs change by persons and numbers (conjugate):

write - write - write - write - write - write;read - read - read - read - read - read;I will write - you will write - will write - we will write - you will write - they will write.

In the past time verbs change by numbers, and in the singular - by birth:

wrote - wrote - wrote - wrote;read - read - read - read.

The initial form of the verb - infinitive(infinitive):walk, walk, stand, grow, carry, bake. Among the forms of the verb are distinguished

conjugated(forms of inclinations),

non-conjugated(infinitive, participle, participle).

Perform a morphological analysis of the wordoccupied .

Verb; denotes an action; answers the question what did you do?

N. f. - occupy. Morphological features: A) Permanent morphological features: 1) imperfect appearance; 2) returnable; 3) intransitive; 4) I conjugation. B) Variable morphological characters. Used in the form: 1) indicative mood; 2) past tense; 3) singular.

Prepare a lesson fragment Russian language illustrating the methods of analyzing the phenomenon of transitivity in the system of parts of speech based on the use of psychological mechanisms and pedagogical patterns of learning by students. Describe the phenomenon of transitivity in the system of parts of speech as a way to replenish the lexical and grammatical categories of words. Develop creative tasks that demonstrate the text-forming role of the verb in narrative texts, show the methodology for conducting them at school based on psychological mechanisms and pedagogical patterns of learning by students. Determine the belonging of the selected words to a certain part of speech, make a morphological analysis of the word cute .

The purpose of the lesson:

1) to give a concept of the phenomena of transitivity in the system of parts of speech.

2) to teach to distinguish the transition of one part of speech to others.

3) development of the ability to find.

During the classes

1. Teacher:

On April 12, 1961, a grandiose event took place. On this day, our country successfully carried out a manned space flight. It was Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin, our compatriot. Today we will talk about the flight of Yuri Gagarin in the lesson. Write down the number in your notebooks, cool work. Let's start with a dictionary. Write down: vocabulary work.

The verb is one of the most important parts of the speech of the Russian language, the study of which in school curriculum takes a huge amount of time. And this is understandable, because the topic is actually quite voluminous. When studying it, children are explained how to determine the form, type and meaning of a particular word in a sentence, as well as how to parse verbs as parts of speech. The Russian language course assumes acquaintance with this section after all nominal parts. And this is not done by chance, because, unlike nouns, adjectives and numerals, the verb has the form of conjugation, which means that the morphological features of this part of speech are fundamentally different from other words and word forms.

Word as part of speech: verb

The definition of a verb given in school textbooks sounds something like this: it is a part of speech that answers questions denoting an action, and can be expressed in a state (to get sick), a property (to stutter), a sign (to get dark) and in relation (to be jealous). The initial one that answers the questions "what to do" and "what to do" is called the infinitive, or indefinite form, which in the proposal can be any of its members.

For example: to understand (subject) means to feel; be (predicate) rain; friends asked him to sing (addition); she went for a walk (a circumstance).

The topic of the section on how to parse verbs as parts of speech, children begin to study already in the 4th grade, and in subsequent years they return to it repeatedly. However, before proceeding directly to the analysis of the verb, one should study its features. This is what will be discussed next.

Permanent signs of the verb

One of important features This part of speech lies in the fact that all words related to it can have permanent and non-permanent features, the study of which is necessary in order to parse the verb as part of speech. The first ones include:

Species belonging. If the process or action described by the verb is completed on this moment, or it is indicated that it will be so - this is the perfect view. For instance: left, came, write, read, say. And if the word does not imply completeness, then this is an imperfect form of the verb. For instance: I live, draw, write.
Transitivity and intransitivity. The differences between these grammatical features lie in the presence of a preposition when using a verb with a pronoun or a noun. Transitive verbs can be used without prepositions with nominative parts of speech in the accusative, and with negation - in the genitive case. And with intransitive forms, the presence of a pretext for linking words is a prerequisite. For instance: read the letter, did not read the article; built a house; wean from home; sympathize with a friend; cherish time.
Recurrence. Determining this sign is quite simple, as a rule, all verbs of this type end in -sya or -s. It is worth noting that this characteristic indicates that the verb is intransitive. For instance: laughed at my sister, dissolved in water, stick to a diet.
Conjugation is one of the most important characteristics that is involved in the formation of words and consists in changing verbs in numbers and persons. A lot of time is devoted to studying and consolidating this topic in the school course of the Russian language, and the quality of spelling depends on the ability to correctly determine the conjugation of the verb. However, you can write the whole topic in one small abstract. So, the first conjugation includes all verbs with endings -eat, -eat, -et, -eat, -ut, -ut, and to the second - with endings on -ish, -im, -it, -ite, -at, -yat. To determine the conjugation, the verb should be changed according to the faces and follow the change in the ending.

Inconstant signs of the verb

The characteristic of these features is contained in their name, and it is also very important to study them before parsing verbs as parts of speech. These include the following factors that affect word formation:

Mood. The shape of this attribute indicates the relation of action to real time. There are three forms of mood: indicative (the action is happening now), conditional (the action is only desired) and imperative (the action is possible under certain events).
Time and number. In Russian there is a past, present and future tense of verbs. As a rule, there are no difficulties with the definition of this grammatical feature, as well as with the definition of the plural or singular.
Genus. Like all significant parts of speech, verbs can change by gender, depending on the word that defines the person with whom the action is associated.

How to parse verbs as parts of speech

It is the above features that should be indicated in the verb, the plan of which looks like this:

Specify the name of the part of speech.
Determine the initial form.
Specify as parts recurrence, transitivity, conjugation.
Indicate non-permanent signs: inclination, time, person and gender (if any), as well as number.
Parse the sentence in which the verb is used and determine its function, that is, indicate which member it is.

Examples of Parsing a Verb as a Part of Speech

To consolidate the studied material ( morphological features and signs of the verb) the school curriculum provides for numerous analyzes of this part of speech according to the scheme described above. With the help of this technique, children are taught to systematize knowledge and apply them correctly, repeating again and again in a specific analysis all the signs of a particular part of speech.

As an example, consider this phrase: "The sun is shining brightly in the sky."

Shine is a verb.
The initial form is to shine.
Imperfect verb, irrevocable, transitive, used in the second conjugation.
The sun is shining - the action takes place in the present tense, which means that this is the indicative form of the verb, which is used in the singular, in the third person and in the middle gender.
On - a preposition, the sky - a circumstance, brightly - a circumstance, shines - a predicate, the sun - a subject.

Parsing the verb by composition

Equally important is the theme: Morphemic parsing words. What does this mean and how to parse the word by composition? The verb, like all words, has a main part, on the basis of which other forms are formed. It is this part without an ending, which, when denoted, is enclosed in a rectangle, is called the basis in the definition of a lexical meaning, and when parsed, it is denoted by a square bracket below the word.

Following the stem, a suffix is distinguished - a morpheme that participates in the form and word formation of single-root words. On the letter it is designated by an angle with the top directed upwards.

For verbs in the indicative and conditional mood of the past tense, the zero suffix or -l- is characteristic. For instance: read - would read, carried - would carry.

The indefinite form is formed using the suffixes -t- and -ti-, however, in the school curriculum, these morphemes are considered as endings. For instance: slept - sleep and saved - save.

The prefix is one of the significant parts of the word, which stands at the beginning and participates in the formation of new word forms. Schematically denoted by the inverted letter G.

The root is an obligatory and fundamental part, it contains a lexical meaning and a component that unites all cognate words. There is not a single independent lexical unit that does not contain this morpheme, while without the other elements they are quite normally used. The root in the letter is indicated by an arc.

Morphemic parsing rules

The question of how to parse a verb by composition is of interest to many students. Much can be said about this, but it is better to show it in practice. But to begin with, it should be noted that the infinitive and the singular masculine verbs used in the past tense and the conditional mood have no ending. Also, these verbs do not have a suffix.

Morphemic analysis of verbs, as well as other words, is carried out according to the following scheme:

Definition of the part of speech.
Highlight the ending with an explanation of its meaning.
Selection of single-root words and definition of the root.
Separation of prefix and suffix.
Determining the basis of the word, which contains the lexical meaning.

Sort the verbs by composition

To consolidate the material, you should parse a few words according to the composition according to the following example: suffering- initial form to suffer. It's ending -et, which indicates the present tense, third person, singular. The base of the word suffering-, suffix - a-. One-word words: suffering, suffering, suffering. Root - suffering with the possible replacement of the letter "d" with "g". This word has no prefix.

Verb Parsing Plan

I	Part of speech, general grammatical meaning and question.
II	Initial form (infinitive). Morphological features:
	A	Permanent morphological features:
		1	view(perfect, imperfect);
		2	recurrence(irrevocable, returnable);
		3	transitivity(transitive, intransitive);
		4	conjugation;
	B	Variable morphological features:
		1	mood;
		2	time(in the indicative mood);
		3	number;
		4	face(in the present, future tense; in the imperative mood);
		5	genus(in the singular past tense and subjunctive mood).
III	Role in the proposal(which member of the sentence is the verb in this sentence).

Verb parsing patterns

Do you like to ride - love to carry sleds(proverb).

Do you love

what are you doing?
N. f. - be in love. Morphological features:
1) imperfect view;
2) irrevocable;
3) transitional;
4) II conjugation.

2) present time;
3) singular;
4) 2nd person.

Ride

Verb; denotes an action; answers the question what to do?
N. f. - ride. Morphological features:
A) Permanent morphological features:
1) imperfect view;
2) returnable;
3) intransitive;
4) I conjugation.
B) Variable morphological characters. Used in the infinitive form (invariant form).
In a sentence, it is part of a compound verb predicate.

love

Verb; denotes an action; answers the question what do you do?
N. f. - be in love. Morphological features:
A) Permanent morphological features:
1) imperfect view;
2) irrevocable;
3) transitional;
4) II conjugation.
B) Variable morphological characters. Used in the form:
1) imperative mood;
2) singular;
3) 2nd person.
In a sentence, it is part of a compound verb predicate.

Plowing has begun(Prishvin).

started

Verb; denotes an action; answers the question what did you do?
N. f. - start. Morphological features:
A) Permanent morphological features:
1) perfect appearance;
2) returnable;
3) intransitive;
4) I conjugation.
B) Variable morphological characters. Used in the form:
1) indicative mood;
2) past tense;
3) singular;
4) feminine.
In a sentence it is a predicate.

"(table)" ", return

Morphological analysis verb(parsing under the number 3)

Notes:

A transitive verb can be combined with a direct object in accusative without a preposition (make fun of whom? Losers; plant what? roses), but from an intransitive verb it is impossible to put the question like this (run what? Where? To school).

Intransitive verbs are combined with objects by means of a preposition.

Reflexive verbs have the suffix -sya (-s). All reflexive verbs are intransitive.
Perfective verbs (CB) answer the question what to do? (and NSV - what to do?)
I conjugation includes verbs in -et, -at(-yat), -sti, -zti, -ch; the second conjugation includes verbs in -it and 13 exception verbs.

Simpler determine the conjugation in the second person. Verbs of I conjugation always have the ending -eat (you raise - I ref., you look - II ref.)

The verbs want and run are conjugated

Conditional (subjunctive) mood - for verbs with a particle would. The imperative mood of the verb denotes a request, an order. If there is neither one nor the other - indicative mood.
Time. The future tense can be simple (for ST verbs: I will write, I will say ...) and complex (for NSV verbs: I will write, I will speak ...)
By persons, verbs change only in the present and future tenses (I, you, he ..), they also change in numbers.
Verbs of the past tense change by number (wrote - wrote), and in the singular also by gender (wrote - wrote).
Impersonal are called verbs that express actions and states that occur on their own, without their producer. With such verbs, the use of the subject is impossible: it is getting dark, it is dawning.

Examples of morphological parsing of a verb

(wanted) warn- verb, initial form caution;

constant signs: transition, non-return, NE, I ref.;

non-permanent signs: in the form of an infinitive;

syntactic role: the main part of the compound verbal predicate.

(I will) grow- verb, initial form to grow;

permanent signs: transition., non-return., NSV, I ref.;

non-permanent signs: vyav. incl., difficult future time, 1 person, singular;

let him know- verb, initial form to know;

permanent signs: transition, non-return, NSV, I ref.;

non-permanent signs: in command. incl., 3rd person, sing. number;

syntactic role: predicate.

Wait- verb, initial form wait;

constant signs: transition, non-return, NE, I ref.;

non-permanent signs: led. incl., 2nd person, pl. number;

syntactic role: predicate.

would come in- verb, initial login form;

constant signs: non-transitional, non-returning, CB, I ref.;

non-permanent signs: conditionally. incl., e.g., male kind, unit number;

syntactic role: predicate.

it's getting light- verb, initial form to grow light;

permanent signs: non-transitional, non-returning, NSV, I ref.;

non-permanent signs: vyav. inc., current time, impersonal (used in the form of 3 l., singular);

syntactic role: predicate.

washed up- verb, initial wash form;

constant signs: non-transition., return., SV, I ref.;

non-permanent signs: vyav. incl., last time, male, sing.;

syntactic role: predicate.

Syntactic functions of the infinitive:

The subject can be an independent infinitive. It usually stands before the predicate and is separated from it by a dash (pause). Reading this book is a pleasure.
The infinitive, which is part of the predicate, denotes the action of the person named by the subject. I will speak to him. We will not persuade you.
The infinitive adverb of purpose refers to verbal predicate denoting movement. I came (for what purpose?) to demand justice.
The infinitive is an addition that denotes the action of another person or not named at all. My brother asked me (about what?) to translate the text.
Infinitive - the definition comes after the noun being defined and answers the question which one? He had a desire (what?) To understand another person.

Enter a word without errors:

Enter any word, then click "parse". After that, you will receive an analysis in which the part of speech, case, gender, tense and everything else will be written. Because parsing is performed out of context, then several parsing options may be offered, among which you will need to choose the correct one. Parsing is done automatically by the computer, so sometimes there may be errors. Be careful, online parsing is meant to help, not mindless rewriting. Note about the letter Yo: do not replace it with E.

Press Ctrl+D to bookmark the service for future reference.

In order not to experience difficulties in the scheme morphological analysis words or in the order of parsing, you should not automatically memorize the sequence and principle of parsing. It is best to focus on selection common features parts of speech, and then move on to particular features of this form. At the same time, the general parsing logic should be preserved. Parts of speech will also help you.

The following examples of morphological parsing will allow you to understand the scheme of parsing the words of a sentence in Russian. However, it should be remembered that the presence of a text is a prerequisite for the correct analysis of parts of speech, because morphological analysis is a characteristic of a word (as a part of speech), taking into account the specifics of its use.

Consider examples morphological analysis.

Morphological analysis of a noun

initial form (in the nominative case, singular);
own or common noun;
animate or inanimate;
declination
number;
case;
role in the proposal.

Noun(parsing sample):
Text: Babies love to drink milk.
Milk is a noun, the initial form is milk, common noun, inanimate, neuter, 2nd declension, in the accusative case, singular (does not have a plural), direct object.

Adjective parsing plan

the initial form is the infinitive (nominative case, singular);
category (qualitative, relative or possessive);
short or complete (only about quality);
degree of comparison (only qualitative);
gender (only about the singular);
case;
number;
role in the proposal.

Adjective(parsing sample):
Text: Alyonushka collected a full basket of mushrooms.
Full - adjective, initial form - full; quality: complete; in a positive (zero) degree of comparison, in the neuter gender, accusative case, is an addition.

numeral(parsing order):

initial form (nominative for quantitative, nominative singular, masculine for ordinal);
category by value (quantitative, ordinal);
category by composition (simple, complex, composite);
case;
gender and number (for ordinal and some quantitative);
role in the proposal.

Numeral (parsing sample):
Text: Four days have passed.
Four is a numeral, the initial form is four, quantitative, simple, in the nominative case, has no number and gender, is the subject.

Pronoun(parsing order):

initial form (nominative case, singular, if it changes by number and gender);
rank by value;
gender (if any);
case
number (if any);
role in the proposal.

Pronoun (parsing sample):
Text: Crystal raindrops dripped from it.
Nee is a pronoun, the initial form is she, personal, 3rd person, feminine, genitive, singular, adverb of place.

Morphological analysis of the verb

infinitive (initial form);
returnable or irrevocable;
transitive or intransitive;
conjugation;
mood;
time (for the indicative mood);
person (for the present, future tense and imperative mood);
gender (for the past tense and conditional in the singular);
number;
role in the proposal.

Verb (parsing sample):
Text: They told the truth without fear of condemnation.
They said - a verb, the initial form - to say, irrevocable, intransitive, perfect form, 1st conjugation, in the indicative mood, past tense, plural, is a predicate.

Participle(parsing order):

initial form (nominative, singular, masculine);
infinitive;
time;
returnable or irrevocable (for valid);
transitive or intransitive (for valid);
complete or short (for the passive);
gender (for the singular);
case;
number;
role in the proposal.

Participle (parsing sample):
Text: I look at the falling leaves and feel sad.
Falling - participle, initial form - falling, from the verb fall, imperfective, present tense, irrevocable, intransitive, feminine, accusative, singular, agreed definition.

gerund(parsing order):

the verb from which it is formed;
returnable or irrevocable;
transitive or intransitive;
role in the proposal.

The participle (parsing sample):

Text: When you go abroad, you are sad about home.
Leaving - a gerund, from the verb "to leave", an imperfect form, irrevocable, intransitive, a circumstance of the mode of action.

Adverb(parsing order):

category by value (definitive or adverbial);
degree of comparison (if any).

Adverb (parsing sample):
Text: The sun rose higher and the clouds dissipated.
Above - an adverb, adverbial place, is a circumstance of place, a comparative degree.

Video

Something is not clear? There is good video on the topic for adjectives:

The order of debriefing in your class may differ from what is suggested, so we advise you to check with your teacher for debriefing requirements.

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