instruction sewing machine Seagull can be used as an instruction manual for any models of sewing machines that perform a seagull zigzag stitch: Seagull 2, Seagull 3, Seagull 134.

This instruction for the Chaika sewing machine is also suitable for Malva and Podolsk brand sewing machines: Podolsk 142, Podolsk 142M, etc.

1. Sewing machines such as Chaika, Podolsk are arranged in the same way

This instruction manual for the Chaika sewing machine is given in abbreviated form, based on the manufacturer's instructions.
The operation and device of the Podolsk and Chaika sewing machine are almost the same, therefore this instruction manual is suitable for all models of these sewing machines, including the Malva sewing machine. They have the same device and differ only in the presence of additional types of zigzag stitches. Some Chaika and Podolskaya models have an additional device (copier) for this and, accordingly, a lever for switching its operating modes. The shuttle device, threading and adjustment parameters of the units and mechanisms of these sewing machines are almost the same, with the exception of setting some settings for the shuttle operation parameters (depending on the model of the machine).
For details on how to set up and perform minor repairs on sewing machines such as Chaika, see other articles in the section on repairing sewing machines.

2. Controls and components of the Chaika machine, Podolsk 142

1. Shuttle device. 2. Platform. 3. Needle plate. 4. Presser foot. 5. Needle bar. i6. Presser foot lifter. 7. Upper thread tension regulator. 8. Top and front covers. 9. Thread take-up lever. 10. Tension washers. 11. Index of the type of lines. 12. Zigzag width indicator. 13. Rod for the coil. 14. Winder. 15. Flywheel. 16. Needle shift lever. 17. Zigzag handle. 18. Reverse feed lever. 19. Stitch length knob. 20. Comb lift control knob. 21. Engine material. 22. Picture panel. 23. Handle for switching copier unit.

3. Types of fabrics for sewing, threads and needles for a sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk

Fine grades of silk, cambric - needle No. 70, thread - 65
Sheet, calico, chintz, satin, silk, linen fabrics - No. 80 needles, threads - 65
Heavy cotton fabrics, coarse calico, flannel, thin woolen fabrics, heavy silks - needle No. 90
Wool suits - No. 100 needles
Thick woolen coat fabrics, broadcloth - needle no. 110

Needle 1 must be installed in needle holder 2 (with the needle bar in the upper position) up to the stop and secured with screw 3.
The flat side of the flask 4 (flat) on the needle should be turned in the opposite direction from the working person (Fig. 4)

4. Top and bottom threading. Instructions for the sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk

Top threading
Pull the spool pin 13 up to the stop out of the sleeve cover.
Set the thread take-up eye to the highest position by turning the handwheel.
Raise the presser foot.
Install a spool of thread on the rod 13.
You need to thread the upper thread in this sequence. Into the holes 7 and 6 of the leaf thread guide, between the washers 8 of the tension regulator, then up into the eye 4 of the thread take-up spring, down under the thread take-up hook 3, up through the hole of the thread take-up lever 5, down into the wire thread guide 2, into the thread guide 1 on the needle bar and put into the eye needle 9 from the side of the worker.

Threading the lower thread
Before threading the lower thread, you need to pull out the bobbin case with the bobbin from the bobbin, for which you need to turn the handwheel to put the needle in the upper position. Pull out the sliding plate, grab the bobbin case latch lever with two fingers of your left hand and remove the bobbin case.

5. Thread winding. Instructions for the sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk

Wind the thread onto the bobbin using a winder. When winding the thread on the bobbin, the handwheel of the machine should rotate idly. To do this, release the friction screw 1 (Fig. 8).
Put the bobbin on the winder spindle 2 so that the spindle spring enters the bobbin slot. Spool 1 with threads put on the spool pin. Thread from the spool between the tension washers 4, as shown in fig. 9, and then wind a few turns on the bobbin by hand. Pull the winder up to the flywheel. Further winding by rotating the flywheel with the help of the drive.
After the bobbin is fully wound, the winder rubber ring will no longer come into contact with the handwheel, and winding will stop. Before removing the bobbin, the winder must be moved to the left from stop 3.
Thread the wound bobbin into the bobbin case and thread under the tension spring as shown in Fig. 10. Leave the free end of the thread 10-15 cm long.
Insert the bobbin case with the bobbin threaded into the hook. In this case, the needle should be in the up position.
Put the bobbin case with the bobbin on the rod 3 of the hook until it stops. In this case, the finger 1 of the bobbin case should enter the slot 2 (Fig. 11).

6. Machine control. Instructions for the sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk

With the bobbin case correctly inserted, the latch lever should be in a spring-loaded state and, when opened, tend to return to its original position.
Before sewing, the lower thread must be removed to the needle plate, for this, while holding the end of the needle thread, turn the handwheel so that the needle drops into the needle hole, grabs the lower bobbin thread and rises to the upper position. With the upper thread, pull the bobbin thread onto the needle plate (fig. 12) and place the ends of the upper and bobbin threads under the presser foot, as shown in fig. thirteen.
For sewing with a simple straight line, it is necessary to combine the number 0 on the handle 17 with the pointer 12 (Fig. 1). Handle 23 can be in any position.
The stitch length is set by turning the knob 19 (Fig. 1) until the number aligns with the pointer on the panel.
The reverse direction of the supply of material for backtacking is carried out by pressing the lever 18 (Fig. 1) down to the stop. The reverse feed pitch over 2.5 mm remains constant within 2.5 mm.
The rail lifting height is adjusted with regulator 1 (Fig. 14). The use of the regulator is carried out with the sliding plate removed. For thick materials, the regulator is set to the H mark (normal), for thin materials, to the W mark (silk), for embroidery and darning, to the H mark (embroidery). The letters should be visible from above.
To switch to zigzag, decorative and target stitches, you need to set knob 23 (fig. 1) by lightly pressing and turning to the desired stitch type. By turning the knob 17, combine the number 5 with the index 12.
The pattern for finishing products will be clearer with a smaller stitch pitch. The stitch shift is used when performing special operations, for example, when sewing buttonholes, sewing in zippers, etc. Knob 16 is used to shift the stitch. By turning it all the way without effort in the direction indicated by the arrows, the needle moves to the right or left of the middle position .
To check the quality of sewing, it is recommended to make a test stitch on a patch of the fabric you need and, if necessary, adjust the thread tension.
The tension of the upper thread is adjusted using the tension regulator. The interlacing of the upper and lower threads should occur in the middle of the materials to be sewn. If the thread weave is on top when the stitch is formed, loosen the upper thread tension. If the weave of the threads is at the bottom, you need to increase the tension of the upper thread.
When sewing through thick and hard places, sew slowly and turn the handwheel by hand.
When sewing thin fabrics such as silk, etc., we recommend pulling the fabric slightly behind the presser foot to avoid seam pulling.
For normal operation machine, it is necessary to start sewing in the following sequence: pull the threads tucked under the foot (lower and upper) and hold them, lower the needle into the material (turning the flywheel towards yourself by hand), lower the foot and make 2-3 stitches. After that, you can release the threads and continue sewing.
After sewing, raise the presser foot, pull the material to be sewn away from you and cut the threads on the edge of the thread cutter located on the presser foot bar (Fig. 12, position 1), leaving the end of the casting 8-10 centimeters long.

7. Care, lubrication. Instructions for the sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk

To ensure easy running of the machine and prevent wear, all places indicated by arrows should be lubricated with one or two drops of industrial oil I-20A GOST 20799-75.
Machine head lubrication points (Fig. 17)
Lubrication points for the zigzag mechanism (Fig. 19)
Cleaning and lubricating the hook (Fig. 20)
The heavy running of the machine, and sometimes jamming, can occur from contamination of the shuttle. The course is clogged with scraps of thread, tows of fabric, dust.
See also Sewing machine lubrication
To clean the shuttle stroke, the needle bar must be placed in the upper position. Pull out the bobbin case 1, remove the trim ring 2 by turning the spring lock towards you, remove the hook 3. Carefully clean the hook socket 4 with a brush-brush from dust, dirt, threads. In this case, it is not allowed to use metal objects for cleaning, so as not to damage the cleanliness working surface The direction for the shuttle in the travel housing and the winder spindle are also lubricated with 1-2 drops of oil.

Sewing machine Seagull. Repair and tuning

The Chaika sewing machine is perhaps the most popular model of a sewing machine for the home, despite the abundance of imported household sewing machines in stores. At one time, I had to buy Chaika for a lot of money, and she seems to sew well, only sometimes she winds, but otherwise everything is whole and unharmed. Indeed, it is almost impossible to break the Seagull sewing machine. The body is made of aluminum, the parts are all metal, the components are strong and reliable - everything is in the style of Soviet technology. But, unfortunately, the line winds
practically "from birth", gaps sometimes appear in the line, especially on a zigzag and knocks when sewing, like a machine gun.
The manufacturer includes instructions for the Seagull sewing machine, which details how to use the machine and perform various operations, there is even circuit diagram an electric motor, a pedal device, but not a word about how to set up and perform at least minor repairs on a Chaika sewing machine. We will try to fill this gap in the instructions and give some recommendations on how to repair the Chaika sewing machine with your own hands.

Modifications of Chaika brand sewing machines

The main malfunction of machines of the "Seagull" type, performing a zigzag stitch and several types of finishing stitches based on it, are skips, looping of the lower and upper threads, as well as breaking it from above and below. Sewing machine Chaika, Chaika M, Chaika 142, Chaika 132, Chaika 134, Chaika 132 m, Chaika 142 M, Chaika 143, Chaika 3, Chaika 2 and Podolsk 142, Podolsk 125-1; Malva and others - all these machines have the same device and instructions for use and setup, so their repair is almost the same, with the exception of repairing the copier (depending on the model of the machine) and setting the shuttle settings. But since our task is to learn how to tune only the line, we will omit the repair of many nodes. In addition, such repairs cannot be done with your own hands, without professional knowledge and experience at home.

Before proceeding with the repair and adjustment of the Chaika sewing machine on your own, it is advisable to do a routine inspection, cleaning, and lubrication. To do this, disconnect the electric motor from the mains, remove the top cover (it is fastened with two screws). Detach the presser foot, remove the needle and needle plate, bobbin cover. Disconnect the machine from wooden stand or table. Disassemble the shuttle: bobbin case, locking ring, shuttle. Now remove dust, dirt, lint from the machine (especially in the shuttle compartment) and lubricate all rubbing, accessible places well with machine oil. For cleaning, use a hard small brush for glue, and it is very convenient to use a medical disposable syringe to lubricate the sewing machine.

2. Use needles designed only for Chaika sewing machines

Thread breakage often occurs with Seagull-type sewing machines. The first reason leading to thread breakage is a bent needle point, which breaks the thread during its movement. With the help of a magnifying glass, the state of the needle point is very clearly visible. Use serviceable needles and designed only for household sewing machines, in accordance with See instructions for the sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk 142
Sewing machine needles must be in perfect condition. The condition of the needle can be determined by running a fingernail along the tip of the needle or using a magnifying glass. Often it is the needle that causes gaps in stitches, needle breakage and other stitching defects.
Choose the number of the needle depending on the thickness of the fabric and thread. Do not use industrial grade needles with a round head for household sewing machines. Needles for household sewing machines have a cut on the flask.
For sewing various fabrics and materials, use the appropriate type of needle, for example, for sewing leather, the needle has a square point, which makes it easier to pierce the material and contributes to the formation of a loop on the needle when it is caught by the hook nose.

3. When entering the needle hole, the needle should not touch it

A broken thread can be the result of many malfunctions, for example, if the needle touches it when entering the needle hole, then the thread will break periodically. When performing a straight stitch, the needle should be located in the center of the hole in the needle plate, evenly removed from its sides, and when performing a zigzag operation, the distance L should be the same with R.
The longitudinal installation of the needle in the center of the needle gap is carried out by shifting the needle bar frame, fixed with two screws on the rocker arm, in the upper part of the machine (turn the flywheel on the zigzag line and you will see this mount). Loosen these screws and set the needle exactly in the center on a straight stitch (offsetting the needle bar frame). Then check the position of the needle with the left and right injection. The needle entry (at the maximum zigzag width), right and left will be evenly removed from the center. If the needle touches the edge of the hole at the maximum width of the zigzag, contact the master, this case is already for him.

4. The transverse position of the needle at the Seagull can spontaneously go astray

The transverse position of the needle is regulated by a rod fixed to the plate with two screws and a plate pressing the needle bar frame to the bracket rod.
Adjusting this assembly is quite complicated and requires experience, but, unfortunately, it is this mechanism that can spontaneously go astray during operation, especially for electric sewing machines. Therefore, if you decide to repair the Chaika sewing machine yourself, you should learn how to adjust this position of the needle, since the displacement of the needle forward is the cause of its breakdown, and the displacement towards the seamstress is the cause of skips.
Adjusting the lateral position of the needle requires professional knowledge and experience. If you are not sure that you can do it yourself, contact the master, since the wrong position of the needle can cause misalignment of other nodes, the repair of which cannot be learned from a boring book stuffed with technical terms and diagrams.
Pay attention to the condition of the needle plate. Hole e should not be "broken" and have notches. It is better to replace such a plate.

5. The position of the shuttle at the Seagull is the cause of skips and loops

Incorrect position of the hook of Chaika sewing machines leads to thread breakage and the appearance of other stitching defects, including gaps. Passes usually appear due to the wrong position of the shuttle at the moment of meeting with the needle - the nose of the shuttle does not capture the loop formed, passes by and a gap is formed. The reasons for the appearance of skipped stitches on a sewing machine can be many other factors, for example, a “twisted” thread, a bent needle, the thickness of the fabric does not match the thickness of the needle, etc., but still the main one is too big gap between the blade of the needle and the nose of the hook.

In order to correctly set the position of the meeting of the hook nose and the needle, it is necessary to correctly adjust the position of the hook nose. To get started, turn the machine on its side and find the shuttle mount on the left side, tightened with two M10 bolts. You need to turn them box wrench, in the worst case, open-ended, but not with pliers.
Loosen these two bolts, and carefully, using a powerful screwdriver, move the shuttle mechanism so that the hook nose is almost flush with the needle blade. Previously, you must already remove the needle plate, bring the foot and needle to the nose of the shuttle. To accurately set this gap, use a magnifying glass. In the same way as you brought the nose closer to the needle, only in the opposite direction, you can move the stroke along with the shuttle in relation to the needle. The shuttle travel rotates on an axle rather than moving back and forth. This is very important point. No need to pull it out with a nail puller or hammer it in with a hammer, it easily turns on its axis. It is difficult for an inexperienced person to immediately understand what is at stake, but also to explain it too. All that can be added is to carefully understand before you twist something, and even more so unscrew it. There should be no remaining parts after the repair of the Seagull sewing machine.

6. Interaction of the shuttle and the needle of the Chaika sewing machine

Closer and closer we are getting to the most important secret of the Seagull sewing machine - why does it wind? But first, let's finish adjusting the gap between the needle and the nose of the shuttle, learn something else about the design of the Chaika sewing machine and its modifications.
At the time of the meeting of the nose of the shuttle and the blade of the needle, the following parameters must be observed: the gap between the nose and the blade is approximately 0.1 - 0.15 mm; when the needle leaves the lower position to a height of 1.8 - 2.0 mm, the nose should approach it above the eye of the needle by 1 mm, at least, but not more than 2 mm. By the way, this is a very important point - lifting the needle from the bottom position. This parameter affects the formation of the needle loop and should be addressed Special attention. In order for the spout to grab the thread from the needle, it is necessary that a loop is formed, where it passes, hooking it. That is why the needle must first go down, and then, having risen a little, already meet the looper nose, thus forming a loop for capture.
The position of the needle is adjusted by the needle bar. There is a special screw on the sleeve holding the needle bar. To roughly understand what is at stake, you can see how its position is regulated by an industrial sewing machine 1022, class 22.
All of the above parameters are suitable for all modifications of Chaika, Podolskaya sewing machines and are universal for almost all sewing household lockstitch machines. You can use these recommendations to repair sewing machines of other brands, except for those discussed below.

7. Models of sewing machines Seagull have differences in the setting of the shuttle

If you set these parameters, the Chaika sewing machine will work relatively normally. But, unfortunately, this repair is not over. There are still many other settings that are quite complex and necessary for the Chaika sewing machine - this is the repair of the shuttle. It is there that the reasons for the looping of the thread and such a rare phenomenon for sewing machines are hidden - the breakage of the lower thread. The complexity of the presentation of this material is that for almost any model of the Chaika sewing machine, engineers have provided their own settings for this unit and, moreover, it still requires a lot of experience from the performer. We will deliberately not give recommendations on how to configure it, since it is almost impossible to perform them on your own. The master adjuster usually selects one single position of the shuttle nose relative to the needle, varying between three defects: thread looping, bottom thread breakage and top thread breakage.

Briefly, we only note that the main position of the shuttle nose is regulated in relation to the needle when it is in the left position, with the left injection. Having passed the needle just above the eye, the nose should finish its movement and go further (to the left) beyond the needle by 1-3 mm. This parameter is 1-3 mm. for each model of the Seagull "its own" and it depends on him how the line will be formed. If the hook goes too far behind the needle, it pulls out the excess upper thread and loops appear, if the thread does not “reach”, the thread may break.
Adjust the machine so that with the left injection and the right injection, the shuttle nose confidently grabs the loop from the needle. If the machine still has stitching defects, then contact a sewing machine repairman.
In order to change the position of the shuttle (the entry of the nose behind the needle), find in the extreme right part of the shaft that drives the shuttle device, the sleeve-lever connected to the main (upper) shaft. Loosen the fastening of the bushing tightened with the M10 screw with a wrench and turn the shaft a little while holding it with pliers. With the other hand you need to hold the flywheel.

The Chaika sewing machine manual can be used as an instruction manual for any models of sewing machines that perform a zigzag stitch of the Chaika type: Chaika 2, Chaika 3, Chaika 134. This Chaika sewing machine instruction is also suitable for Malva sewing machines, as well as all models of sewing machines of the brand Podolsk, performing a zigzag line: Podolsk 142, Podolsk 142M, etc.

1. Sewing machines Chaika and Podolsk 142 are the same

This instruction manual for the Chaika sewing machine is given in abbreviated form, it is compiled on the basis of the manufacturer's instructions.
The operation and device of the Podolsk and Chaika sewing machine are almost the same, therefore this instruction manual is suitable for all models of these sewing brands, including the Malva sewing machine. They have the same device and differ only in the presence of additional types of stitches formed on the basis of the zigzag stitch. The first models of these sewing machines performed only a zigzag stitch. Subsequently, some models of Chaika and Podolsk were equipped with a device responsible for performing other, additional lines (copier) and, accordingly, a switch for its operation modes was also installed.

To clean the shuttle stroke, the needle bar must be placed in the upper position. Pull out the bobbin case 1, remove the trim ring 2 by turning the spring lock towards you, remove the hook 3. Carefully clean the hook socket 4 with a brush-brush from dust, dirt, threads. In this case, it is not allowed to use metal objects for cleaning, so as not to damage the cleanliness of the working surface. The direction for the shuttle in the travel housing and the winder spindle are also lubricated with 1-2 drops of oil.

How is the vertical shuttle. Possible malfunctions and ways to eliminate them. Shuttle of the sewing machine type Seagull.

Sewing machine instruction Seagull does not include a section on how to set up a sewing machine. However, often the Chaika or Podolskaya machine needs to be adjusted and adjusted. Sometimes the machine breaks the needle, gaps appear in the line or the thread breaks. Why this happens, and how to fix such malfunctions with your own hands, read in this article.

Although this article we are talking about an industrial machine of class 22, the material of this site article can be used to set up Chaika, Podolsk, Singer sewing machines of any models. Be sure to read if you are going to repair the machine yourself.

Instructions for the sewing machine Seagull has a number of tables that indicate the recommended thickness of needles and threads when sewing various fabrics. Unfortunately, few people pay attention to this section of the manual. As a result, the Chaika sewing machine starts skipping stitches, breaking the thread, looping and having to adjust it.

Repair of sewing machines Podolsk, Singer can be done independently, if it is not associated with the replacement of parts or complex adjustment of some nodes. Often the cause of "breakage" is carelessness or non-compliance with the operating rules according to the instructions for the Podolsk sewing machine. Sometimes it is enough to set the needle correctly and the machine will sew again without gaps and thread breaks.

Many models of sewing machines Chaika and Podolsk, Singer are equipped with a foot drive. The foot drive of these machines has the same device, despite the external difference. As a rule, the instructions for Chaika or Podolsk do not indicate how to adjust the drive. However, over many years of operation, this is required to be done. For detailed instructions on how the drive is arranged, read this article.

If loops appear in the stitching at the bottom, the upper thread tension may be the cause. How the thread tension regulator works.

Among the fierce competition from imported products, domestic goods still managed to defend their place. Many devices, equipment, even cars - mind you, are on the move even today, after so many years! Surprisingly, there is practically no wear and tear on Soviet things - they faithfully serve us even in the most difficult times, such as, for example, the Chaika sewing machine, and the instruction manual for which is given below.

Advantages and disadvantages of the Chaika sewing machine

In the past, a lot of money would have to be paid for this “unit” - in the time of our grandmothers, it was highly valued. And it was not for nothing that they asked for a high price for them: even today it is not easy to break or disable such a machine. Its main advantage is stamina and endurance. The aluminum case does not damage the internal mechanisms, all the details of which are made of real, durable metal. All knots and fastenings of the machine are made precisely and reliably.

But even with such “Spartan health”, the “Seagull” sewing machine can sometimes fail: it happens that the line “winds” (especially when performing the “zigzag” line). You can put up with this, because it does not happen so often. But when it really bothers, even the instruction supplied by the manufacturer does not become a huge help: unfortunately, there is almost no word about repairing the device in it. Perhaps because it should be carried out by a trained and experienced person - an expert in "sewing machines". But there are some problems that you can fix yourself.

The main components of the mechanism

Before the operation of the Chaika sewing machine is started, the unit must be properly configured. For this:

• Remove the top cover of the machine (using the two screws on the top). Use a few drops of oil to lubricate the main components and fasteners of the front. Pay attention to this compartment, it contains screws 1 and 2, which need to be tightened from time to time so that the tensioner does not “ride” in the socket.
• Next, work with the rail (especially if you notice that the fabric does not move well during work). The feed dog teeth can be raised, and it is best to set it to the H position, which stands for Normal (B stands for Embroidery).
• The tension of the drive belt will need to be adjusted. To do this, loosen the friction screw (it holds the flywheel). With these components, be extremely careful and pay attention to the position of the petals.
• Lubricate the bobbin winder at the same time.
• Select the right needle number

The Seagull sewing machine will not work well if you do not pick up the right needle. Too thin needle "wipes" the thread and breaks it. Too thick - can destroy the fiber, causing the seams to unravel (especially after washing). You also need a special needle for fabrics such as stretch, jeans, leather.

• silk, cambric - No. 70;
• chintz, satin, cambric, linen fabrics - No. 80;
• cotton, coarse calico, flannel, fine wool - № 90;
• wool, costume fabric - No. 100;
• thick wool, cloth - No. 110.

Installing the needle correctly

It is important that the needle does not dangle in the opening, therefore, when installing, make sure that it is installed up to the stop, and tighten the screw firmly (this way you can avoid the needle jumping off, which is especially dangerous during operation). The cut side of the needle should look away from you (needles with round flasks should not be used at all - they spoil the quality of work and make the machine less durable).

How to fill the sewing machine "Seagull?"

When threading the upper thread, it is only important to secure it firmly. The operation of the entire machine depends on whether the thread is threaded, how it stands through the compensation spring. Be careful about this - otherwise the thread will begin to "wag".

In order to properly arrange the lower thread, you must first remove the bobbin from the device. The thread should be tightened under the spring plate of the cap and create the desired tension (turning the screw to the left - weaker, to the right - vice versa). Note that the tension should not be strong, but noticeable. Often you will not have to change the thread tension, only in cases where the seam will have to be made on thin fabrics.

Sewing machine "Seagull": instruction manual

First, let's figure out how to make a straight stitch. There is such an element - the zigzag width lever, and so it needs to be set to zero. Next - set the required stitch length (3-4 cm), thread the threads. Carefully inspect the rack teeth: set the shift lever to the H (normal) position. For silk/delicate fabrics, set to W (silk).

For zigzag stitch, the zigzag width lever is “0-5” and the stitch length is 1-3mm. Attention! When performing a zigzag stitch, you need to additionally adjust the thread tension so that it is equal.

Lubrication of sewing machines "Seagull"

Lubrication in this type of sewing machine is carried out in most cases in order to at least slightly reduce the generated noise (unfortunately, this is an unpleasant detail of working with the Seagull machine). It is impossible to completely eliminate the sound emitted by the mechanism at home. But if the teeth of the gears are lubricated with thick graphite grease, then the knock will become quieter.

It is undesirable to perform ordinary lubrication (and cleaning) more often than once every six months. Basically, you should pay attention to the joints of several metal parts.
So, first, remove the top cover and vanerka (bottom protection) to get to the "insides". It is worth using only proven oil, which is specially produced for lubricating sewing machines. At the same time, even the highest quality oil will not protect against greasy spots on fabric if you overdo it. Remember, 1-3 drops of oil - and it's done.

The tools you will need for cleaning and lubrication are a regular glue brush (to clean the shuttle and shuttle compartment) and a regular medical syringe (for even lubrication).

The sewing machine "Seagull" can perform a straight stitch, "zigzag" and, based on it, several other types of finishing stitches. Nowadays, you can buy a machine only with a pedal (electric drive), foot models (with a belt) were produced in Soviet times.

A complete process of working on a sewing machine, regardless of experience with this device, is impossible without it. correct settings that are done manually. So, let's look at this article detailed diagrams how to properly thread a sewing machine.

General instructions for refueling a sewing machine

General instruction for refueling a sewing machine looks like this:

1. Wind the thread with which you will work on the bobbin and at the same stage put on the upper pin on the spool for the upper thread.
2. The next step is to thread the upper thread in the sewing machine. For this process, there is usually an instruction on the instrument case. The upper thread is the one that is pulled from the spool into the eye of the needle. Before threading through the eyelet, raise the presser foot and set the needle so that it is at the very top.
3. Check thread tension. V modern devices there are special tension regulators.
4. After threading the upper thread, you can thread the lower thread. To do this, turn off the drive (moss wheel) and insert the bobbin into place. After that, you need to turn on the wheel and turn it until there is enough thread on the bobbin.
5. Insert the bobbin case into the bobbin, making sure that the bobbin pin aligns with the bobbin slot. If everything is done correctly, a characteristic click will be heard.
6. The thread must be brought out through the valve plate, close it. The upper and lower threads must be connected and brought back by the shoulder blade.

To check the correctness of the work done, you should scroll the flywheel. After the needle rises and falls, a loop of the bottom thread should form from the hole in the plate on the upper thread.

To understand how to thread a bobbin into a standard type sewing machine, we recommend watching a video tutorial that tells not only about the sequence of actions, but also about where the bobbin is located and what nuances you should pay special attention to:

Correct threading order

This process will vary depending on the type of machine. Modern devices have detailed instructions how to properly thread a sewing machine, and the devices themselves are designed in such a way that you can intuitively guess how to do everything. But with rotary-type machines, difficulties arise, so we will present two instructions in detail:

Top threading

1. Pass the thread from the spool through the mount at the body of the device.
2. Thread the thread into the thread tension regulator and bring it into the compensation spring, which looks like a hook.
3. Pass the thread through the hole in the thread guide, bring it out through it and pass it into the existing fastening, then into the eye of the needle.

In some models of machines, instead of a thread guide, there is a fork. In this case, you just need to put the thread on this fork, and not thread it into the hole.

Threading the lower thread

1. Wind the lower thread not on the spool, but on the bobbin.
2. Insert the bobbin into the bobbin case, while the thread should be tucked under the spring plate.
3. Check thread tension. A certain tension is set for the model of the machine.

How to thread a twin needle?

If the machine sews a zigzag stitch, then a double needle can be installed in it. In this case, the threads will be threaded into the needles in the same way as if it were done with one needle, the only difference is that an additional - second - spool is required. In this case, both threads must pass through the same upper thread tensioner.

Instructions on how to thread two needles into the machine:

1. A double needle is installed in the same way as a regular needle. The cut of the needle should be directed away from you, and the round side of the needle bulb itself should be directed towards you.
2. The threads from both spools must be passed through all the thread guides, not forgetting the upper thread tensioner. It should turn out that the lowest thread guides will separate them.
3. The left thread must be threaded into the needle on the left, the right thread, respectively, into the needle on the right. If the device has one thread guide, then left thread it is necessary to pass through the thread guide, and the right one is nearby, tucking it under the eye of the needle.

It is not difficult to use a double needle, the main thing is to thread both upper threads correctly, as well as loosen their tension (in the bobbin itself). The lower thread will be used when sewing at the same time as the upper thread, thereby forming a zigzag, so it is imperative to loosen the tension.

The twin needle makes it easier to sew double stitches on the machine, as well as to sew decorative stitches with just one twin needle stitch.

Manual sewing machine: how to thread

When setting up a manual machine, it is important to choose the right needle and thread number for a particular type of fabric, as well as adjust the thread tension, otherwise the quality of the stitch will suffer. Otherwise, refueling a manual sewing machine should not cause difficulties, as can be seen from the instructions for refueling the Chaika machine:

1. Turn the handle so that the mechanism that attracts the threads is at the top.
2. Insert the needle into the holder until it stops. The flat side should be facing towards the pin that the foot is on.
3. Use the screw to secure the needle.
4. Install the spool of thread on the rod intended for this.
5. Pass the thread through the friction washer and thread guide.
6. Insert the thread into the thread guide, fix it in the needle holder.
7. Pass the thread through the eye of the needle (this will be the upper thread).

Threading the lower thread:

1. Wind the thread onto the bobbin.
2. Insert the bobbin into the cap. The thread should be outside.
3. Insert the cap back until a characteristic click sounds.
4. To tighten the thread, you need to turn the handle of the machine to tension.
5. Tuck both threads (top and bottom) under the foot.

How to properly adjust the thread tension:

• Use the screw that is on the bobbin case. The tighter the screw is tightened, the tighter the thread is.
• Adjust the tension using the adjuster, which is located at the lever that raises the foot.

Several useful rules on the use of the machine "Seagull":

• Without a pre-lowered needle under the foot, the line cannot be started.
• The handle of the machine turns strictly “towards itself”, it is impossible to change the direction of rotation.
• To work on this machine, you need to choose those fabrics that are suitable for all types of stitches, otherwise you can ruin not only the fabric, but also bring your machine into complete disrepair.

Video: How to fill the Podolsk manual sewing machine?

One more old typewriter, which the grandmothers had at home - this is a device of the Podolsk brand. Despite the fact that such a model is old and manual, it is pleasant to work with it if you understand all its mechanisms and learn how to refuel, which will help the following video:

In order to enjoy work, as well as avoid problems during work, it is worth thoroughly studying the instructions for refueling the sewing machine, because not only the quality of the sewn product, but also the life of the device will depend on this.

In contact with

Before us is a sewing machine of the late 20th century, manufactured by the Podolsk Plant named after. Kalinin. The machine, like previous models, is completely made of metal. Automation, as it was from 5 copiers, remained with the same number. True, almost 100% of the owners of the machine sewed in one position of the program selection knob.

Picture 1

Upper thread tension regulator(The thermometer) is made in a metal case, the compensation spring works from right to left, which is not particularly successful, see fig. 2

Figure 2

After removing the top cover, we can see that all parts of the machine are the same as in class 142, see fig. 3:

1. Sewing program selection knob;
2. Stitch width setting knob;
3. Needle bar position switch (left, center, right);
4. The body of the automation mechanism;
5. Copier pullers;
6. Copiers

Figure 3

On fig. 4 you can see the main difference from class 142 cars, namely the mechanism of the needle bar and the presser foot bar.
So, in order to correctly adjust the position of the needle bar, you first need to correctly install with presser foot bar. We loosen screws 1 and 2 and set the foot relative to the slot of the needle hole and tighten the screws.
After loosening screw 3, we set the position of the needle bar relative to sewing, do not forget that the tip of needle No. 100 should enter exactly into the center of the hole.
Adjusting washer remove the needle bar, to do this, release two screws 7, press the washer to the frame and tighten the screws. Screws 4 and 5 are used to fix and adjust the height of the presser foot and the position of the needle bar, respectively.
Screw 6 fix the position of the thermometer. This screw must be tightened periodically. Thread take-up mechanism the same as in the car 142 class.

Figure 4

Figure 5 shows correct installation gear sector and shuttle gear. The third gear tooth must fit between the first and second sector teeth.

Figure 5

The bottom of the car has not undergone any changes (see Fig. 6):

1. Guide;
2. Cam (lifting eccentric);
3. Stitch length regulator;
4. The lower end of the drawbar;
5. Crank;
6. Crank fastening screw (by loosening it, the stroke is adjusted);
7. Handle screw reverse;
8. Screw (advance setting);
9. Lower end of the fork;
10. Crank;
11. Fastening bolt (setting the position of the teeth of the fabric conveyor).

Figure 6

Figure 7 shows the bottom of the machine on the left:
1. Handle for selecting the height of the lifting of the teeth of the conveyor;
2. Fastening screw, with its help the height of the teeth is adjusted;
3. Guide;
4. Screws for fastening the lifting eccentric;
5. Eccentric lifting;
6. Fabric conveyor shaft;
7. Shuttle device;
8. Clamp clamp screw;
9. Toothed sector;
10. Shuttle gear;
11. Adjusting washer.

Figure 7

Adjustment of all nodes and parts, progress and advancement, elimination of backlash in the nodes is exactly the same as in class machines. 142, therefore, after watching the film, it will not be difficult for you to disassemble, assemble and adjust the sewing machine.