What is indefinite form. The indefinite form of the verb: rules and examples

Instruction

You can determine the infinitive by the question. Find a verb and ask a question to it. If this is a verb in an indefinite form, then it will answer the question “what to do?”, “what to do?”. For example, grow, bake, flood, breed, lie down.
At the end of such verbs always soft sign.

It is difficult to distinguish the infinitive from the personal form if the word is written in transcription. The record of the finals of these forms is the same: [tutor "itsa] (studies) - [tutor" ita] (studies). In this case, pay attention to , the vowel before [-ca] or the context where you can ask a question. If this work is not feasible, then both forms are appropriate.

indefinite form the verb is included in the compound nominal predicate. In this case, the sentence contains two heterogeneous verbs. To determine which one is the infinitive, you need to designate grammatical basis. The predicate will consist of two verbs. The one that contains lexical meaning, - infinitive, it needs a soft sign. So, in the sentence "Students will be able to work out additionally" the predicate "will be able to work out." And the indefinite form is "to work out."

The indefinite form of the verb can act as secondary members of the sentence. In such cases, it can be determined by following the logic of reasoning. Ask a question of the indirect case from the predicate to the infinitive. If possible, then in this case it is an addition. For example, in the sentence “The coach told us to do a warm-up”, the word “do” will be an object (said what?). In this case, reason like this: the action indicated in the verb “ordered” is performed, and others will perform it. So this is not a predicate, because it is simple.

Circumstances expressed in the indefinite form of the verb most often answer the questions “for what purpose?”, “For what reason?”. In the sentence “I came to the gym to train”, we ask the question “I came for what purpose?” to the infinitive.
By definition ask a question from . In the sentence “I am fluent in the ability to play the guitar”, the infinitive is -: the ability (what?) to play.

Infinitive, or indefinite form of the verb

A verb in its initial or indefinite form is called an infinitive. The infinitive always answers the question "what to do?" or "what to do?" It is never possible to ask questions in relation to the initial form: “what is she doing?”, “What will she do?”, “What will she do?”, “What did she do?”, “What did she do? " etc. That is, the infinitive, by definition, has a minimum number of morphological features.

Examples. The verb "go" answers the question "what to do?". Accordingly, it is a verb in an indefinite (initial) form, or an infinitive. However, the verbs “goes”, “will go”, “go” answer the questions “what is he doing?”, “what will he do?”, “?”. These verbs already have morphological features - persons, numbers and tenses - and are not infinitives.

Another example. The verb "write" answers the question "what to do?" and is an infinitive. From this initial form verbs are formed in the past and future tenses, first, second and third persons, singular and plural: “wrote”, “wrote”, “”, “”, “will write”.

In other words, the verb in the infinitive is always the zero (indefinite) form, from which one can always form different forms the same word in different persons and numbers. This process is called conjugation.

What features of the verb can be determined by the initial form

If the infinitive is the initial, zero, indefinite form of the verb, is it possible to determine any signs of this part of speech, or morphological signs, from it? Yes, you can define constants, signs of the verb.

Firstly, according to the indefinite form, it is possible to determine the types of the verb - perfect or. The imperfective verb in the initial form answers the question "what to do?" and denotes an unfinished action. For example, “walk”, “”, “sing”, “”, etc. The perfective verb in the infinitive answers the question "what to do?" and denotes a completed, finished action. For example, “walk”, “read”, “sing”, “compose”, “fly”, etc.

Secondly, by the infinitive you can determine. There are two conjugations - the first and the second. The first conjugation includes all verbs that in the infinitive end in -et, -at, -ut, -ot, -t, -yt, and a few exception verbs in -it. The second conjugation includes most of the verbs in -it, as well as some exception verbs in -at, -yat and -et.

The morphology of the Russian language is multifaceted and interesting. It studies the features of parts of speech, their constants and changeable features. The article discusses verbs-infinitives in detail.

Infinitive

Not everyone knows what an infinitive is. in its original form. It represents the verb in dictionaries. For example, in explanatory dictionary no verb dating, since this is a personal form, the dictionary entry is devoted to the same verb, but in the initial form - meet. You can put the verb in this form by asking the question what to do? or what to do?: dating - what to do? meet, draw - what to do? draw, call back - what to do? call back. The infinitive differs from other verb forms not only in a question. Suffixes of infinitives (verbs in the initial form) are special: -t, -ti, -ch. Therefore, the analyzed word is an infinitive if the verb has such morphemes.

The verb and its indefinite form

Pupils and students who are especially keen on learning the Russian language are concerned about the question of why the infinitive is called the indefinite form of the verb. Firstly, the very word "infinitive" goes back to the Latin word, which translates as "indefinite". Secondly, the form of the verb is not determined by the infinitive, more precisely, its personal form, the form of tense, mood, gender, number, and so on. The infinitive determines the constant features of the verb, such as aspect, conjugation, reflexivity and transitivity. They will be discussed below.

Invariable signs of the verb

When performing, it is required to designate its signs. Permanent signs are indicated by the indefinite form of the verb.

View is a part-time category that reflects the relation of an action to its internal limit: completed / happening. Infinitive verbs that answer a question what to do? look perfect: say, prepare, leave. Verbs in the initial form that answer the question what to do? are imperfect: talk, cook, go. Species pairs are distinguished, that is, words with the same meaning, but different kind: decide - decide, say - speak, sew up - sew up, bake - bake.

Traditionally defined by the initial form. The 2nd conjugation includes those that end in -it(exception shave, lay, build), and verbs hold, drive, see, watch, hear, breathe, hate, endure, offend, twirl, depend; to the first - all other verbs. The conjugation of not all verbs can be determined by the infinitive. A class is distinguished which, when changed, combine the endings of 1 and 2 conjugations. These are the words to give, eat, run, want.

Transitivity is the next constant feature. Infinitive verbs that can govern a noun in the accusative case are called transitive, and those that cannot are intransitive. For example, sew on (what?) a button, record (what?) a film, draw (who?) a child- transitional; be surprised, call, shoot not used with accusative, that is, intransitive.

Reflexive are those verbs that have the postfix -sya: build, wash, make a reservation. Irreversible - those who do not have this affix.

Question about the morpheme

Indicators of the initial form of the verb - morphemes -t, -ti, -ch - cause discussions among linguists. Many define them as endings, referring to their ability to change: say - said, indicate - indicated. However, the infinitive is considered an invariable form, so it should not have endings. An increasingly common version is that the morphemes denoting the infinitive are inflectional suffixes.

Impersonal form of the verb

Infinitives refer to the impersonal forms of the verb. This is due to the fact that this is an invariable form in which the person, gender, number are not determined. Infinitives do not carry nouns in the nominative case, unlike personal forms. They only name the action without its relation to the person. The infinitive is also not associated with the category of time, which is determined by personal forms. Their inclination is also indeterminate. That is, the infinitive is unreal, it is out of time, it only names the action. Some students ask the question of what is the dependence of the infinitive on the verb. An infinitive is, in a different way, a verb in its initial form.

In Russian grammar, other non-personal forms are also distinguished - these are participles and participles. They, like the infinitive, do not change in faces. A gerund is such an invariable form of a verb that combines the features of an adverb and a verb and answers the question having done what? doing what?: reading, publishing, pointing, humming. The participle is a form of the verb that denotes a sign by action, combines the signs of an adjective and a verb, answers the questions of adjectives: which? surrounded, acting, watching, forgotten.

The role of the infinitive in a sentence

The peculiarity of the indefinite form of the verb is that it can play the role of any member in the sentence. Quite often the subject is a verb-infinitive in Russian. Examples: Seeking the truth in everything was her goal in itself. To appreciate the work of others is worthy. It's useless to talk to him. Denoting an action, the infinitive plays the role of a predicate: You will not see rest! Don't understand him. She is unrecognizable. Often it comes in following the auxiliary verb: The family wanted to stay here for a month. Lena started working immediately after her appointment. He stopped joking after receiving the remark.

Minor members of the sentence can also be expressed in the indefinite form of the verb. So, the infinitive plays the role of an object in sentences: The captain gave the order to advance. They agreed to meet. She quickly got used to work. The definition can be expressed in the infinitive: She had a desire to change the world for the better. He took the opportunity to leave. The hope of leaving by morning reassured them. The circumstance represented by the initial form of the verb: Vera was going to go to the sea. Volunteers stopped by the lake to feed the birds. Children come to her from all over the city.

Infinitives in folklore and fiction

Infinitives have long been used by the people in oral folk art, more precisely in proverbs. The indefinite form of the verb in them is necessary to create a generalization of the content: Promise less, sin less. To indulge a thief is to steal yourself. Not hard to do, but hard to come up with. AT fiction infinitive verbs are widely used. Examples: "Dense stump - I will be able to live", "That's why I called you - to find out", "Let me come first", "and no one cared about his worries, and so - just to talk"(Shukshin V.M. "Stoves-benches"); "No one wants to change... equilibrium","the habit of smilinghow... slightly pulled to the side lower part his... face","you could ask not to sprinkle it with crushed peanuts"(Iskander F.A. "Summer Day").

Lesson topic: "Indefinite form of verbs."

It is called indefinite, because neither time, nor number, nor person, nor gender of the verb can be determined from it.

Listen to the poem, find the verbs.

It's good, friends, to walk

On the trail with a backpack.

It's great to jump across the field

Riding a horse.

It's also nice to take the express -

flashes in the window there is a meadow and a forest.

Slide good for the waves

On a sea ship.

But it's better to race in the sky

On a steel liner. (I. Kholin)

Walk, jump (what to do?),

sit down (what to do?),

slide (what to do), rush (what to do?).

Verbs in the indefinite form answer the question what to do? or what to do? This is the initial form of the verb. Its peculiarity is that neither time, nor number, nor person, nor gender are determined by it.

Verb flicker(what will he do?) is used in the form of the future tense, singular, 3rd person. You will learn to identify the face of verbs in grade 4.

Find out Pushkin's fairy tales, from which excerpts were taken, and find in them verbs that are in an indefinite form. How do you distinguish them?

Verbs in the indefinite form answer the question what to do? or what to do?

The mirror property had:

It speaks well...

“You, queen, are sweeter than all,

All blush and whiter.

And the queen laugh

And shrug your shoulders

And wink your eyes

And snap your fingers...

The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Bogatyrs.

Verbs in the indefinite form:

what to do?

talk

laugh

shake

wink

snap

Tsar Dadon in his old age wanted

Take a break from military affairs

And make yourself calm.

Here the neighbors disturb

Became an old king

Doing terrible harm to him.

So that the ends of their possessions

Protect from attacks

He should have kept

Numerous army.

"The Tale of the Golden Cockerel".

what to do?

bother

guard

what to do?

relax

arrange

If you want, remember.

Verbs that answer the question what to do? are imperfective verbs. Verbs that answer the question what to do? are perfective verbs.

Verbs that answer the questions what to do? and what to do?, are considered different words , even if they are the same root. They differ from each other in some parts of the basis and therefore are different in meaning.

What to do?

laugh

shake

talk

What to do?

for laughing

reap

before talking

laugh - laugh

The words are distinguished by the prefix za- (the prefix za- means "to start the action").

shake(root press -) - shake(root zha-)

The verb to shake refers to an action that is performed often (repeatedly), the verb to shake refers to an action that is performed once (once).

speak - agree

The words are distinguished by the prefix do- (the prefix do- means "finish the action").

In order not to switch from one verb to another, you need to follow the prefix in the question.

1. Put a question to the form of the verb and find out if there is a prefix C in the question - or not.

2. Ask a question of indefinite form with or without the prefix C-.

3. Name the indefinite form of the desired verb.

The indefinite form of the verb most often ends in -ty or -ty(go , get out , find , carry , crawl ). Scientists have not yet agreed on how to call this part of the word. Some consider it an ending, while others consider it a suffix.

Sometimes the indefinite form of the verb ends in -chi, but these letters are part of the root:

guard - guard(root guard-, guard-), lie down - lie down(root lie-, lie down-).

In the indefinite form of verbs, if it ends in something other than -ti, it is always written ь. It is also written after the letter h (-ch) - this is the spelling for the rule: ь in the indefinite form of the verb.

Determine the tense of the verbs and find the indefinite form.

flowed- what did you do?, prosh.v., what to do?, leak(root tech-flow)

shearing- what do I do ?, present in., what to do ?, cut(root cut-cut)

save save(root shore-protect)

I will carry away- what will I do ?, bud.v., what to do ?, captivate(root attract-attract)

Vowel letters in the indefinite form of verbs before -t are most often suffixes. They can be different: -a, -e, -i, -i, -o.

If they are unstressed, then there is always a spelling in their place. These suffix letters are determined by the rule can't, they can only be learned from a dictionary and memorized.

Suffix -a: hear, swim, jump, listen

Suffix -e: see, offend, depend

Suffix -i: build, iron, cook, glue, put, build

Suffix -i: bark, melt, winnow, sow

Let's find the verb in the indefinite form.

The wind is barely audible,

Linden sighs by the garden...

Sensitive music lives everywhere -

In the rustle of grass

In the noise of oak forests

You just need to listen.(V. Semernin)

What is he doing?, sings, sighs, lives- verbs in the present tense.

What to do?, listen - verb in the indefinite form.

Verbs often have a special suffix -sya or -s. It is special because it is after -Т. To distinguish it from other suffixes, scientists gave it its own name - postfix ("attached after").

Form indefinite verbs using the given suffixes and prefixes.

Prefixes VZ-, ON-, PRI-, FROM-.

Roots -DREM-, -CASHL-, -DANCE-.

Suffixes -IVA-, -NU-, -YVA-, -А-, -Я-, -СЯ.

Take a nap - prefix vz-, suffix -well-,

on drowsiness - prefix on-, suffix -a,

for coughing - prefix po-, suffix -i-,

from coughing - prefix from-, suffix -i-,

dance - prefix po-, suffix -a-,

when dancing - prefix at-, suffix -yva-,

from dancing - prefix from-, suffix -yva-.

Who is eating.

The proboscis fly can only suck up liquid food. Some butterflies have incisor-like teeth at the end of their proboscis, with which they can gnaw through fruit peels and drink their juice! Eight flexible tentacles with suction cups help the octopus grab and hold any prey very tightly. With a long neck, a giraffe is able to reach tree shoots. A snail living in a shell is able to cut and grind food with its tongue. The spider can produce sticky silk for a web in which insects must fall. There are cobwebs with lids, then the prey cannot escape from it.

Can (what to do?) suck,

can (what to do?) gnaw and drink,

help (what to do?) grab and hold,

able (what to do?) to get,

capable (what to do?) to cut and grind,

can (what to do?) develop,

should (what to do?) get caught,

what to do? don't slip away.

During holidays.

Well early in the summer….and…to the lake. Nice .... in the sun, ... in clear water, ... mushrooms, berries in the forest, ... birds singing. Interesting ....for the behavior of insects, ....with friends in football. It is useful ... in the garden and in the garden, ... for the elders in the household.

During holidays.

It's good in summer to get up early (what to do?) and (what to do?) go to the lake. It’s nice (what to do?) to sunbathe in the sun, (what to do?) to swim in clear water, (what to do?) to pick mushrooms, berries in the forest, (what to do?) to listen to birdsong. It is interesting (what to do?) to observe the behavior of insects, (what to do?) to play football with friends. It is useful (what to do?) to work in the garden and in the garden, (what to do?) to help the elders with the housework.

How to cook pancakes.

It is necessary (take) half a liter of kefir, (add) a little salt, sugar and soda, (beat) one egg and (pour) into this mass, (add) flour and everything (mix). You can (bake).

Let's put the verbs in the indefinite form.

take - what do we do ?, what to do ?, take

add - what do we do ?, what to do ?, add

whip - what do we do ?, what to do ?, beat

pour out - what shall we do?, what shall we do?, pour out

add - what do we do ?, what to do ?, add

mix - what do we do ?, what to do ?, mix

bake - what do we do ?, what to do ?, oven

How to cook pancakes.

You need to take half a liter of kefir, add a little salt, sugar and soda, beat one egg and pour into this mass, add flour and mix everything. You can bake.

(What to do?) Dress or wear? These two words are often confused.

The verbs put on and put on are similar, but they have different meanings.

You can dress someone, but only wear something for yourself.

So it's correct to say:

put on (something)

form

coat

shoes

dress

costume

dress (someone)

child

doll

girl

sick

baby

In the lesson, you learned that verbs in the indefinite form answer the question what to do? or what to do? This is the initial form of the verb. Its peculiarity is that neither time, nor number, nor person, nor gender are determined by it.

The indefinite form of the verb most often ends in -ty or -ty, sometimes in -ch. In the indefinite form of verbs, if it ends in something other than -ti, it is always written ь.

M.S.Soloveichik, N.S. Kuzmenko "To the secrets of our language" Russian language: Textbook. Grade 3: in 2 parts. Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
M.S. Soloveichik, N.S. Kuzmenko "To the secrets of our language" Russian language: Workbook. Grade 3: in 3 parts. Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
TV Koreshkova Test tasks in the Russian language. Grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
T. V. Koreshkova Practice! Notebook for independent work in Russian for grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
L.V. Mashevskaya, L.V. Danbitskaya Creative tasks in the Russian language. - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2003
G.T. Dyachkova Olympiad tasks in Russian. 3-4 classes. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2008

School-collection.edu.ru ().
Cdo.omrc.ru ().
Oldskola1.narod.ru ().

Read the poem. What is the main part of speech in it? Indicate in what form the words of this part of speech are used? Emphasize this form.

Don't stop me from dreaming!

I'd like a bag of candy

Expand, chew, suck,

Smack, smack, gobble,

Long, long do not swallow,

Enjoy, savor.

Put questions to these verbs. Form an indefinite form from them and emphasize the sign of the initial form.

I carried, I ran, I whistled, I drove, I cut, I searched, I drew.

Write out the verbs in the indefinite form from the poem in two columns.

What to do? What to do?

You don't have to go to your mom...

No need to beg your sister...

You don't have to call

No need to wait

Any verb can be put in such a form, which is called the initial. She is also called indefinite form of the verb or infinitive. The indefinite form of the verb received such a name due to the fact that it does not show either time, or number, or person, or gender, that is, these signs are not defined.

Verbs in an indefinite form answer the questions what to do? what to do? Verbs that answer the question what to do? are imperfective verbs. Verbs that answer the question what to do? are perfective verbs.

The indefinite form of the verb most often ends in - be or - ti(sing, dance, go, go out, find, carry, crawl). These are suffixes. The indefinite form can be obtained with the help of other inflectional suffixes: -st (steal), -sti (carry, row).

Sometimes the indefinite form of the verb ends in -ch, but these letters are part of the root: guard - guard (root guard-, guard-), lie down - lie down (root lie-, lie down-). In some elementary school textbooks -ch is considered a suffix, and in high school they teach that -ch is included in the root.

In the indefinite form of verbs, if it ends NOT in –ti, it is always written ь. It is also written after the letter h (-ch) - this is the spelling for the rule: ь in the indefinite form of the verb.

Vowel letters in the indefinite form of verbs before -т are most often suffixes. They can be different: -a, -e, -i, -i, -o.

If they are unstressed, then there is always a spelling in their place. These suffix letters cannot be determined by the rule, they can only be recognized from the dictionary and memorized.

Suffix -a: hear, swim, jump, listen
Suffix -e: see, offend, depend
Suffix -i: build, iron, cook, glue, put, build
Suffix -ya: bark, melt, winnow, sow

In verbs, there is often a special suffix -sya or -ss. It is special because it is located after -t. To distinguish it from other suffixes, scientists gave it its name - postfix("attached after"). Examples: swim, listen.

There is confusion with the indefinite form of the verb and verbs used in the complex future tense. Future difficult time it is formed just from imperfective verbs and answers the questions what will I do ?, what will they do ?, formed from the verb to be (I will write, will smile). Although the infinitive remains an infinitive, teachers in primary school teach that this is the future tense, not the initial form. In the future compound tense, only the verb "to be" changes in persons and numbers.

Morphological features of the infinitive

The infinitive or indefinite form of the verb is the invariable, non-conjugated form of the verb. It has only constant grammatical features of verbs:

View- perfect, denoting a completed action (rewrite, wash), imperfect (cook, give away).
recurrence- returnable (hear, wrap up), irrevocable (fold, close).
Transitivity- transitional (read a book, see a picture), intransitive (have fun, live).
Conjugation- I conjugation (to make, mix) and II conjugation (to love, draw).
Also the infinitive of the verb is inherent inflectional sign of pledge: active voice (Mom decided to cook lasagna); passive voice (Lasagna should be ready soon).

We train in the formation of indefinite verbs

Let's find verbs in the indefinite form in the text.

Let's put the verbs in the indefinite form.

Let's take - what shall we do?, what shall we do? take

Let's add - what shall we do?, what shall we do? add

Let's beat - what shall we do?, what shall we do? whip

Let's pour out - what shall we do?, what shall we do? pour out

Let's add - what shall we do?, what shall we do? add

Let's mix - what shall we do?, what shall we do? mix

We bake - what do we do ?, what to do? bake

Flowed - what did you do?, last century, what to do? flow (root flow-flow)

Shear - what do I do ?, current v., what to do ?, cut

I will save - what will I do?, bud.v., what to do?

I will captivate - what will I do ?, bud.v., what to do ?, captivate (root attract)

Form indefinite verbs using the given suffixes and prefixes.

Prefixes VZ-, ON-, PRI-, FROM-. Roots -DREM-, -CASHL-, -DANCE-. Suffixes -IVA-, -NU-, -YVA-, -А-, -Я-, -СЯ.

Take a nap - prefix vs-, suffix -well-,

take a nap - prefix po-, suffix -a,

cough - prefix po-, suffix -i-,

cough - prefix from-, suffix -i-,

dance - prefix po-, suffix -a-,

to dance - prefix at-, suffix -yva-,

dance - prefix from-, suffix -yva-.

The indefinite or initial form of the verb (and strictly the language of science - it is called the infinitive) linguists call its form, denoting the strictly action itself, regardless of such grammatical categories, as a person and a number, and answering the question "what to do?". The word "do" itself is one example of an infinitive, or indefinite form of a verb.

This gives an answer to the question, what is the peculiarity of the indefinite form of the verb.

In the Russian school, the topic of the infinitive is usually touched upon in the middle classes.

Formal signs of the infinitive

In Russian, the signs of the infinitive are the suffixes "t" or "ti": go, run, stand, crawl, find, determine, etc. After vowels, "t" is used, after consonants - "ti": run, but go.

It also matters that the infinitive always answers one question - what to do?

The group of verbs that ends with “ch” stands out in particular: lie down, bake, protect, burn, etc. Initially, in the Old Russian language, they also had the suffix “ti” after “g” at the end: lay down, pekti, protect, burn. Such an archaic form has survived to this day in the closest to Russian others. Slavic languages- Ukrainian and Belarusian. In Russian, "gti" gradually transformed into "ch".

In English, the indicator of the indefinite form is the particle to used before the verb: to go, to love, to run, etc. The infinitive has its formal features in every language, but it is not possible to consider them all within the framework of one publication, and it is not makes sense. Everyone who has studied English knows this, and it doesn't matter if it was taught in the first grade or in the older ones.

In Russian, a verb in an indefinite form is characterized by such constant features as transitivity, reflexivity, type of conjugation. All this is also studied in the middle classes, which can be easily remembered.

According to the indefinite form, the conjugation of those verbs is usually determined, the ending of which in other forms is unstressed. We all heard about it more than once in the school class at Russian lessons.

Features of the syntactic role of the infinitive

If a various options conjugated forms of the verb in the sentence most of all gravitate towards the role of the predicate, and the remaining cases of their use are rather an exception to the rule, then the infinitive can be used as any member of the sentence: subject, object, definition.

In a sentence, it is usually used together with a predicate, in the role of which a noun, an adverb, an indefinite form of another verb, or a full adjective in the instrumental case with a linking verb is used.

Watch to the world positively is an important skill.

Believe the deceiver is stupid (option: no sense).

Save- it means to earn.

come in the area became unsafe in the evenings.

Make no mistake means to do nothing.

Predicate

There are two cases of using the indefinite form of the verb as a predicate:

As part compound predicate two-part proposal.
In a one-part impersonal sentence.

Examples of two-part sentences:

I have to do it.
I really want you help.
worker finished grind detail.
He dreams go abroad.
He continued vigorously work over the project.
The new employee soon adapted to the team and stopped working. set extra questions.

Examples of impersonal one-part sentences:

Well, how not be in love this city!
Impossible pass the!
How would we meet.

Definition

As an inconsistent definition, the verb in the indefinite is used when explaining a noun.

Often we tend to desire (to what?) hug immensity.

Usually in such cases, the indefinite form of the verb is combined with abstract nouns expressing desire, aspiration, intention, habit, inclination, ability, readiness, etc.

Circumstance

Usually in this role, the indefinite form appears with the verb of movement or other action and explains why this action was taken. Between the predicate and such a circumstance, the goal can be put "to".

For example:

I went to drink water.
The major came out to check the posts.
They came to Sochi to relax by the sea.

Addition

The infinitive acts as a complement when it refers to the subject to which the action expressed by the predicate is directed. So, in the sentence "I want to help you," it is part of the compound verbal predicate. But if we say “I asked a colleague to help me”, “help” already acts as an addition. This nuance must be taken into account in order to determine the role of the infinitive in such sentences.

Here are some more examples in which the indefinite form acts as a complement:

We asked a friend meet us at the station.
The boss persuaded him take vacation later.
The boss asked me come in to him as soon as I get to work.

Stylistic nuances of using the indefinite form of the verb

Verbs in the indefinite form are often used in official instructions, orders, written and oral orders. Speeches addressed by officers to soldiers are especially often saturated with them.

Through the infinitive, an indication is conveyed of the rigidity of a particular order or requirement, the rigor of its observance. For example: "Ensure the result no later than July 20." It sounds even stricter than the form of the imperative mood - "provide". Although the imperative itself, especially if it is not accompanied by the word “please”, carries a considerable similar load.

It is not surprising why their use is so popular in the army, where great value attached to discipline, diligence and subordination, and in civil structures with a rigid administrative vertical, for example, government bodies.

Yes, and various prohibitions, designed in the form of a combination of the infinitive and the particle “not”, have the same function: do not smoke, do not litter, etc.

After all this, you are unlikely to have any doubts about what the indefinite form of the verb is.