Love lyrics F.I. Tyutcheva and A.A.
Tyutchev and Fet, who determined the development of Russian poetry of the second half of XIX centuries, entered literature as poets of "pure art", expressing in their work a romantic understanding of the spiritual life of man and nature. Continuing the traditions of Russian romantic writers of the first half of the 19th century (Zhukovsky and early Pushkin) and German romantic culture, their lyrics were devoted to philosophical and psychological problems.
A distinctive feature of the lyrics of these two poets was that it was characterized by a depth of analysis of the emotional experiences of a person. So, the complex inner world of the lyrical heroes of Tyutchev and Fet is in many ways similar.
The lyrical hero is the image of that hero in lyrical work whose experiences, thoughts and feelings are reflected in it. It is by no means identical to the image of the author, although it reflects his personal experiences associated with certain events in his life, with his attitude to nature, social activities, and people. The peculiarity of the poet's worldview, worldview, his interests, character traits find a corresponding expression in the form, in the style of his works. The lyrical hero reflects certain character traits people of his time, his class, exerting a huge influence on the formation of the reader's spiritual world.
As in the poetry of Fet and Tyutchev, nature combines two planes: externally landscape and internally psychological. These parallels turn out to be interconnected: the description of the organic world smoothly turns into a description of the inner world lyrical hero.
Traditional for Russian literature is the identification of pictures of nature with certain moods. human soul. This technique of figurative parallelism was widely used by Zhukovsky, Pushkin, Lermontov. The same tradition was continued by Fet and Tyutchev.
So, Tyutchev uses the method of personifying nature, which the poet needs to show the inseparable connection between the organic world and human life. Often his poems about nature contain reflections on the fate of man. Tyutchev's landscape lyrics acquire a philosophical content.
For Tyutchev, nature is a mysterious interlocutor and constant companion in life, understanding him best of all. In the poem "What are you howling about, night wind?" (early 30s) the lyrical hero turns to the world of nature, talks with him, enters into a dialogue that outwardly takes the form of a monologue:
In a language understandable to the heart
You keep talking about incomprehensible flour -
And dig and explode in it
Sometimes violent sounds! ..
Tyutchev does not have a "dead nature" - it is always full of movement, imperceptible at first glance, but in fact continuous, eternal. The organic world of Tyutchev is always many-sided and varied. It is presented in 364
constant dynamics, in transitional states: from winter to spring, from summer to autumn, from day to night:
Shades of gray mixed,
The color faded, the sound fell asleep -
Life, movements resolved
In the unsteady dusk, in the distant rumble ...
(“Shadows of gray mixed”, 1835)
This time of day is experienced by the poet as "an hour of inexpressible longing." The desire of the lyrical hero to merge with the world of eternity is manifested: "Everything is in me and I am in everything." The life of nature fills the inner world of man: an appeal to the origins of the organic world should regenerate the whole being of the lyrical hero, and everything perishable and transient should go by the wayside.
The technique of figurative parallelism is also found in Fet. Moreover, most often it is used in a hidden form, relying primarily on associative connections, and not on an open comparison of nature and the human soul.
This technique is used very interestingly in the poem "Whisper, timid breathing ..." (1850), which is built on the same nouns and adjectives, without a single verb. Commas and exclamation points also convey the splendor and tension of the moment with realistic concreteness. This poem creates a point image, which, when viewed closely, gives chaos, "a series of magical changes", and in the distance - an accurate picture. Fet, as an impressionist, bases his poetry, and, in particular, the description of love experiences and memories, on the direct fixation of his subjective observations and impressions. Condensation, but not mixing, of colorful strokes gives the description of love experiences sharpness and creates the utmost clarity of the image of the beloved. Nature in the poem appears as a participant in the life of lovers, helps to understand their feelings, giving them special poetry, mystery and warmth.
However, dating and nature are described not just as two parallel worlds - the world of human feelings and natural life. The innovation in the poem was that both nature and the date are shown as a series of fragmentary dates, which the reader himself must link into a single picture.
At the end of the poem, the portrait of the beloved and the landscape merge into one: the world of nature and the world of human feelings are inextricably linked.
However, in the depiction of nature, Tyutchev and Fet also have a profound difference, which was due primarily to the difference in the poetic temperaments of these authors.
Tyutchev is a poet-philosopher. It is with his name that the current of philosophical romanticism, which came to Russia from German literature, is associated. And in his poems, Tyutchev seeks to understand nature, including its system of philosophical views, turning it into part of his inner world. This desire to fit nature into the framework human consciousness Tyutchev's passion for personification was dictated. So, in the poem spring waters» streams «run and shine and speak».
However, the desire to understand, comprehend nature leads the lyrical hero to the fact that he feels cut off from her; therefore, in many of Tyutchev's poems, the desire to dissolve in nature, “to merge with the beyond” (“What are you howling about, night wind?”) Sounds so vividly.
In a later poem, "Shadows of gray mixed ..." this desire comes through even more clearly:
Silent dusk, sleepy dusk,
Lean into the depths of my soul
Quiet, dark, fragrant,
All pour and comfort.
So, an attempt to solve the mystery of nature leads the lyrical hero to death. The poet writes about this in one of his quatrains:
Nature is a sphinx. And the more she returns
With his temptation, he destroys a person,
What, perhaps, no from the century
There is no riddle, and there was none.
In the later lyrics, Tyutchev realizes that man is a creation of nature, her fiction. Nature is seen by him as chaos, which inspires fear in the poet. Reason has no power over her, and therefore, in many of Tyutchev's poems, an antithesis of the eternity of the universe and the transience of human existence appears.
The lyrical hero Fet has a completely different relationship with nature. He does not seek to "rise" above nature, to analyze it from the standpoint of reason. The lyrical hero feels himself an organic part of nature. In Fet's poems, the sensory perception of the world is conveyed. It is the immediacy of impressions that distinguishes Fet's work.
For Fet, nature is a natural environment. In the poem “The night shone, the garden was full of moon ...” (1877), the unity of human and natural forces is felt most clearly:
The night shone. The garden was full of moon, lay
Beams at our feet in a living room with no lights.The piano was all open, and the strings in it were trembling,
Like our hearts for your song.
The theme of nature in these two poets is connected with the theme of love, thanks to which the character of the lyrical hero is also revealed. One of the main features of Tyutchev's and Fetov's lyrics was that it was based on the world of spiritual experiences. loving person. Love in the understanding of these poets is a deep elemental feeling that fills the whole being of a person.
The lyrical hero Tyutchev is characterized by the perception of love as a passion. In the poem "I knew the eyes - oh, these eyes!" this is realized in verbal repetitions (“passionate night”, “passion depth”). For Tyutchev, minutes of love - “ wonderful moments”, which bring meaning to life (“In my incomprehensible gaze, exposing life to the bottom ...”).
This poet compares life with the “golden time”, when “life spoke again” (“K. V.”, 1870). For the lyrical hero Tyutchev, love is a gift sent from above, and some Magic power. This can be understood from the description of the image of the beloved.
In the poem "I knew the eyes - oh, these eyes!" what matters is not the emotions of the lyrical hero, but the inner world of the beloved. Her portrait is a reflection of spiritual experiences.
He breathed (look) sad, in-depth,
In the shadow of her thick eyelashes,
Like pleasure, weary
And, like suffering, fatal.
The appearance of the lyrical heroine is shown not as really reliable, but as the hero himself perceived it. Only eyelashes are a specific detail of the portrait, while adjectives are used to describe the gaze of the beloved, conveying the feelings of the lyrical hero. Thus, the portrait of the beloved is psychological.
Fet's lyrics were characterized by the presence of parallels between natural phenomena and love experiences ("Whisper, timid breathing ...").
In the poem “The night shone. The garden was full of moon ... "the landscape smoothly turns into a description of the image of the beloved:" You sang until dawn, exhausted in tears, that you are alone - love, that there is no other love.
So, love fills the life of the lyrical hero with meaning: “you are alone - the whole life”, “you are alone - love”. All worries, in comparison with this feeling, are not so significant:
... there are no insults of fate and hearts of burning flour,
And life has no end, and there is no other goal,
As soon as you believe in sobbing sounds,
Love you, hug and cry over you!
Tyutchev's love lyrics are characterized by a description of events in the past tense ("I knew the eyes - oh, these eyes!", "I met you - and all the past ..."). This means that the poet is aware of the feeling of love as long gone, so his perception is tragic.
In the poem "K. B." the tragedy of love is expressed in the following. The time of falling in love is compared to autumn:
Like late autumn sometimes
There are days, there are hours
When it suddenly blows in the spring
And something stirs in us ...
In this context, this time of the year is a symbol of the doom and doom of a high feeling.
The same feeling fills the poem “Oh, how deadly we love!” (1851), included in the "Denisiev cycle". The lyrical hero reflects on what the “duel of the fatal two hearts” can lead to:
Oh, how deadly we love!
As in the violent blindness of passions
We are the most likely to destroy
What is dearer to our heart! ..
Tragedy also fills the poem "Last Love" (1854). Here, too, the lyrical hero realizes that love may be disastrous: “Shine, shine, farewell light of love of the last, evening dawn!”. And yet, the feeling of doom does not prevent the lyrical hero from loving: “Let the blood grow thin in the veins, but tenderness does not grow thin in the heart ...” In the last lines, Tyutchev succinctly characterizes the feeling itself: “You are both bliss and hopelessness.”
However, Fet's love lyrics are also filled with not only a sense of hope and hope. She is deeply tragic. The feeling of love is very contradictory; it is not only joy, but also torment, suffering.
The poem “Do not wake her at dawn” is filled with a double meaning. At first glance, a serene picture of the morning dream of the lyrical heroine is shown, but already the second quatrain communicates tension and destroys this serenity: “And her pillow is hot, and her tiring dream is hot.” The appearance of epithets such as "tiring sleep" does not indicate serenity, but a painful state close to delirium. Further, the reason for this state will be explained, the poem is brought to a climax: “She became paler and paler, her heart beat more and more painfully.” The tension grows, and the last lines completely change the whole picture: “Don’t wake her up, don’t wake her up, at dawn she sleeps so sweetly.” The end of the poem presents a contrast with the middle and brings the reader back to the harmony of the first lines.
Thus, the perception of love by the lyrical hero is similar for both poets: despite the tragedy of this feeling, it brings meaning to life. Tragic loneliness is inherent in the lyrical hero of Tyutchev. In the philosophical poem "Two Voices" (1850), the lyrical hero takes life as a struggle, a confrontation. And “even though the fight is unequal, the fight is hopeless”, the fight itself is important. This striving for life permeates the entire poem: "Be of good cheer, fight, O brave friends, no matter how hard the battle is, how hard the fight is!" The poem "Cicero" (1830) is imbued with the same mood.
In the poem "Zershit" (1830), which touches on the theme of the poet and poetry, the lyrical hero understands that he will not always be accepted by society: "How can the heart express itself? How can someone else understand you? Important here is the world of spiritual experiences of the hero: "Just know how to live in yourself - there is a whole world in your soul."
The lyrical hero Fet's worldview is not so tragic. In the poem "With one push to drive away the living boat" (1887), the lyrical hero feels himself a part of the Universe: "Give life a sigh, give sweetness to secret torments, instantly feel someone else's own." The contradiction with the outside world here is only external (an oxymoron "unknown, dear"). “Flowering shores” and “other life” are a description of that mysterious ideal world from which inspiration comes to the poet. Rationally this world is unknowable because it is "unknown"; but, meeting with manifestations of it in everyday life, the poet intuitively feels kinship with the “unknown”. The refined susceptibility of the poet in relation to the phenomena of the external world cannot but spread to other people's work. Ability for creative empathy essential feature true poet.
In the poem "The cat sings, squinting his eyes" (1842), Fet does not depict objects and emotional experiences in their causal relationship. For the poet, the task of constructing a lyrical plot, understood as a sequence of mental states of the lyrical "I", is replaced by the task of recreating the atmosphere. The unity of world perception is conceived not as a completeness of knowledge about the world, but as a set of experiences of a lyrical hero:
The cat sings, squinting his eyes,
The boy is napping on the carpet
A storm is playing outside
The wind is whistling in the yard.
So, the lyrical hero Fet and the lyrical hero Tyutchev perceive reality differently. The lyrical hero Fet has a more optimistic attitude, and the idea of loneliness is not brought to the fore.
So, the lyrical heroes of Fet and Tyutchev have both similar and various traits, but at the heart of everyone's psychology lies a subtle understanding of the natural world, love, as well as awareness of one's destiny in the world.
Option 2
The nineteenth century gave humanity priceless spiritual treasures. Among the remarkable writers and poets of this truly golden age, a worthy place belongs to A. A. Fet and F. I. Tyutchev.
F. I. Tyutchev is a lyricist, his poems are full of philosophy and psychology. The singer of nature, the master of the poetic landscape expressing the feelings of man. The world of Tyutchev's lyrics is filled with mystery and riddles. The poet's favorite technique is the antithesis: "the valley world" opposes the "icy heights", the dull earth - the sky shining with a thunderstorm, the light - the shadows. Tyutchev did not limit himself in describing nature. In his poems, we see the morning in the mountains, and the night sea, and the summer evening. Tyutchev tries to capture the mysterious pictures of nature during the transition from one state to another. For example, in the poem “Shadows of blue-gray mixed ...” We can see how the night comes, the poet gradually describes to us first how twilight thickens, and then the onset of night. The abundance of verbs and non-union constructions help F. I. Tyutchev to make poems dynamic. The poet treats nature as a living being, therefore, in his poems he spiritualizes it:
“Not what you think, nature:
Not a cast, not a soulless face -
It has a soul, it has freedom
It has love, it has a language….».
The lyrics of A. A. Fet occupies a special place among the masterpieces of Russian literature. And this is not surprising - Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet was an innovator of his time in the field of verse, he had a special, inimitable gift of the finest lyricist. His poetic manner of writing, "Fetov's handwriting"; gave his poetry a unique charm and beauty. Fet was an innovator in many respects. He liberated the word, did not shackle it within the framework of traditional norms, but created, trying to express his soul and the feelings that fill it. It is surprising how Fet depicts nature. It is so humanized that we often meet “weeping herbs”, “widowed azure”, “the forest woke up, all woke up, each branch”.
These great poets The golden age is united, first of all, by patriotism and a huge…
love for Russia. Their poetry is the expression of a rich inner life authors, the result of the tireless work of thought, the whole palette of feelings that excited them. Tyutcheva and Fet are united by eternal themes: nature, love, beauty. Nature is depicted most clearly in Tyutchev's work. From childhood, fairy lines live in memory:
"Enchanted Winter
Bewitched, the forest stands ...
Magically enchanted by sleep
All entangled, all bound
With a light downy chain ... "
Fet is one of the most remarkable landscape poets. In his poems, spring descends to earth as a “queen-bride”. Fet describes nature in detail, not a single stroke escapes his gaze:
"Whisper, timid breath,
trill nightingale,
Silver and flutter
Sleepy stream…”
The best in Tyutchev's lyrics, in my opinion, are love poems. IN early works love - joy, delight, "spring in the chest." In the later ones, tragic notes are heard more and more often. Everything that the poet wrote about was experienced and re-felt by ki himself. The most touching is the "Denisiev cycle", dedicated to E. A. Denisyeva, the poet's greatest love. Tyutchev's favorite is "an unsolved mystery", "living beauty breathes in her."
Fundamental to all of Fet's work is the theme of love. This was facilitated by the dramatic circumstances that took place in the days of his early youth. While serving in the Kherson region, Fet met Maria Lazich, a girl from a poor family. They fell in love, but the future poet, who had no means of subsistence, could not marry her. The girl died tragically soon after. All his life, until the end of his days, Fet could not forget her. Obviously, the life drama inside, like an underground key, nourished his lyrics.
In the work of the remarkable Russian poets F. I. Tyutchev and A. A. Fet, in the first place were not social conflicts, not political upheavals, but the life of the human soul - love and bitterness of loss, the path from youthful enthusiasm to old man's wisdom and generosity, reflections on life and death, about the meaning of creativity, about the infinity of the Universe, about the greatness of nature.
It would not be an exaggeration to say that all poets address the theme of love. And, probably, for everyone, love lyrics are associated with personal experiences. Therefore, in the work of different poets, this theme always sounds differently. love lyrics occupies a large place in the poetry of both Tyutchev and Fet, while significantly differing both in the disclosure of the theme of love in general and in individual accents, moods, and nuances.
Tyutchev's theme of love is fully revealed in the lyrical cycle dedicated to E. A. Denisyeva. In Tyutchev's poetry until the 50s of the last century, images of women appeared rarely and in the background. The theme of women in these verses was secondary and secondary. Now Tyutchev's lyrics include a female image, many-sided, complex female character. Tyutchev, one of the first poets, tried to take the position of a woman in his poems, tried to depict her inner world. Pushkin and Lermontov in love lyrics described only their experiences and feelings, without paying attention to special attention what goes on in a woman's mind. Tyutchev continues the tradition of Nekrasov and creates a cycle of poems with one heroine, whose image even has greater value than the image of the hero himself. To understand the poems of this cycle, it is important to know real story love of Tyutchev and Denisyeva.
Being married, in 1849 Tyutchev met Denisyeva and fell in love with her. Tyutchev did not make a secret of his passion, did not hide it from the St. Petersburg world. And so the life of his beloved, who found herself in such a difficult situation, turned into a real hell. Before Denisyeva, the doors of many St. Petersburg salons and houses were closed, they stopped accepting her, ignored her existence. However, Tyutchev did not take into account the opinion of the world and continued to live in two families (from Tyutchev, Denisyeva had children, whom the poet later adopted). Tyutchev endured a lot of sidelong glances and could not feel completely free in the capital's society. Even harder were his feelings for his beloved, whose situation was unbearable (Tyutchev was aware of this). Hence, in Tyutchev's love lyrics, the main theme is the guilt of the lyrical hero for the suffering brought by his beloved. This theme is heard in almost every love poem by Tyutchev:
Oh, how deadly we love
As in the violent blindness of passions
We are the most likely to destroy
What is dear to our heart.
........................
Fate's terrible sentence
Your love was for her
And undeserved reproach
She lay down on her life!
The image of the crowd is a frequent companion of Tyutchev's love poems. The crowd, the light trampled the most cherished, valuable feelings of a woman:
The crowd, surging, trampled into the mud
What bloomed in her soul...
What did you pray with love
What, like a shrine, cherished,
The fate of human vanity
Betrayed to desecration...
Love for Tyutchev is a fatal duel, an all-consuming fatal passion, a blind, destructive element. In
In many poems, love is not joy and happiness, but torment, sorrow, suffering, first of all, for the heroine.
Oh no! He destroys my life inhumanly,
Even though I see the knife in his hand is trembling...
.....................................
I suffer, I do not live ... by him, by him alone I live.
But this life!.. Oh, how bitter it is! -
Tyutchev writes on behalf of his heroine. In the poem “She lay in oblivion all day ...” Tyutchev describes the consequences of that fatal passion, shows how love devastates and kills a woman’s soul:
You loved, and the way you love -
No, nobody has succeeded yet!
Oh my God!.. And to survive it...
And my heart didn't break into pieces...
The Denisyev cycle is an artistic diary. From poem to poem, the love story of Tyutchev and Denisyeva is revealed to us. However, the cycle is devoid of plot. The verses describe only some of the most important points relationship between two lovers. There is little information in the cycle about the dynamics of love, about its origin and development. The poetics of the Denisiev cycle differs from the poetics of Tyutchev's other works. Psychologism and detailing of feelings appear in love poems, which were not previously characteristic of Tyutchev's poetry.
Reading the poems of the Denisiev cycle, the reader imagines the image of his heroine. Tyutchev always emphasizes that his heroine is higher, purer than the hero, she is morally superior to the hero, since she suffers more than he does. Tyutchev poeticizes, idealizes a woman, she becomes the center of all the best, brightest in this cycle. A great tragedy for Tyutchev was the death of Denisyeva.
Life is like a shot bird.
Wants to get up but can't.
There is no flight, no scope -
Broken wings hang.
And all of her, clinging to the dust,
Trembling with pain and impotence ...
Life in such a difficult environment, constant experiences undermined her health, she died. After her death, Tyutchev did not stop writing poems dedicated to her. However, Tyutchev was most unbearable of all, the worst of all was to feel how all the best memories associated with his beloved were dying in his soul:
The past does not breathe a light shadow,
And underground, like a corpse, it lies.
Tyutchev asks God not to let him forget about his beloved, asks that the memory of her remain with him forever:
Oh Lord, give me burning suffering
And dispel the deadness of my soul:
You took it, but the agony of remembrance.
Leave living flour to me about her.
There was also a huge loss in Fet's life. His beloved Maria Lazich died tragically. After her death, Fet changes a lot, his views on life and art change. Fet divides his life into two spheres: real and ideal. And he transfers only the ideal sphere into his poetry. Now two people began to live in Fet: one is a cruel, pragmatic landowner, the other is a melodic poet, a singer of love and nature. Fet became a poet and ideologist of "pure" art. He was firmly convinced that reality and poetry were diametrically opposed, incompatible things, and that no echoes real life should not penetrate into poetry. Above all, Fet valued beauty, bowed before her. Beauty for him is nature, love and music. All Fet's poems are mainly devoted to these three ideals, among which love occupies the main place.
Love, according to Fet, is the sweet moments of rapprochement and connection of souls. Fet does not fully describe the feeling of love, like Tyutchev, Fet's love breaks up into separate impressions, experiences, the poet conveys the moment of feeling, the fleeting movement of the human soul. The poem “Whisper. Timid breathing...". The world of nature and the world of human feeling are inextricably linked in this poem. In these "worlds" the poet distinguishes barely noticeable transitional states, subtle changes. Both feeling and nature are shown in the poem in fragmentary details, separate strokes. However, for the reader, they add up to a single image of a date, create a single impression. The poem is devoid of verbs, it consists of some names (adjectives and nouns). This gives it a special melody, melodiousness. In general, musicality is an integral quality of all Fet's love poems and Fet's poetry in general. Music, love and nature are merged in the poetic world of Fet, they are inseparable from each other.
“At dawn, don’t wake her up ...” is one of the brightest examples of the musicality of Fet’s lyrics. The genre of this poem can be defined as romance. The poem is devoid of a plot, the reader does not know anything about his heroine, because Fet does not talk about her and her inner world but it's like painting a picture. But this picture is not static, it is not devoid of movement. Fet describes the subtle shades of emotional experiences of the heroine. It is these strokes that make up, according to Fet, the essence of man.
In the poem “The night shone ...” the heroine expresses all her feelings, love through music, singing:
You sang until dawn, exhausted from tears,
That you are alone - love, that there is no other love,
And so I wanted to live, so that, without dropping a sound,
Love you, hug and cry over you.
Fet does not have a specific cycle of love poems dedicated to Maria Lazich. However, Fet could not forget his first, most big love. The image of Maria Lazich, the memory of their relationship did not cease to appear in Fet's poetry throughout his life, and most of all and most penetratingly Fet wrote about his first love in the poems included in the Evening Lights cycle, in a period farthest from the dramatic romance with M. Lazich:
That grass that is far away on your grave,
Here, on the heart, the older it is, the fresher it is,
And I know, looking at the stars sometimes,
That we looked at them, like gods, with you.
Fet was once asked how, at his age, he could write about love in such a youthful way; he replied: from memory. Indeed, memory was of great importance in Fet's life. Unlike Tyutchev, who gradually forgets the image of his beloved, Fet did not forget anything from his relationship with M. Lazich:
No, I haven't changed. To deep old age
I am the same devotee, I am the slave of your love.
And the old poison of coals, gratifying and cruel,
Still burning in my blood
Although memory insists that there is a grave between us,
I can't believe that you forget me,
When you are here in front of me.
Fet, unlike Tyutchev, is not only able to store memories of a long-dead beloved woman, he feels himself and his beloved forever inseparably merged in one world - the world of poetry:
And even though I'm destined to drag out life without you,
But we are with you, we cannot be separated.
Will another beauty flash for a moment,
It seems to me, I'm about to recognize you,
And tenderness of the past I hear a breath,
And, shuddering, I sing.
It is this kind of “recognition” in the new female image of all the same, dear and beautiful image and forms the basis of his love songs in the Evening Lights cycle. The true subject of Fetov's love songs are not so much those who at this moment again touched his heart, but the very feelings of delight, happiness, tenderness, falling in love with beauty that they evoke in the poet. Love for Fet is not a fatal duel, it is always joy, happiness. Without love, as well as without nature and art, it is impossible to live a full life. In his "songs of love" the poet gives himself so completely to the feeling of love, the intoxication with the beauty of the woman he loves, that this in itself brings him incomparable happiness.
Thus, in the disclosure of the theme of love in the work of Tyutchev and Fet there are more differences, but there are also similarities. Love poems by both poets are devoted to experiences associated mainly with one beloved woman, and these experiences are constant for each poet, they do not change with time. For these two poets, the feelings and moods of love lyrics are different, one might say, opposite. For Tyutchev, love is a fatal passion that destroys the heroine, bringing suffering, pain, guilt to the hero. For moments of happiness, beloved ones pay for their whole lives and even life itself.
Fet's love lyrics, although they reflect the personal tragedy that the poet also experienced, are generally painted in bright, joyful tones associated with the poet's memories of the delightful moments of first love.
The love lyrics of Tyutchev and Fet convey the whole gamut of feelings associated with love experiences: from intoxication, delight to pain and suffering. Therefore, the modern reader, who does not necessarily know the personal love stories of poets, nevertheless understands their poems well, finds in them an expression of moods that are consonant with his personal experiences.
The theme of love in the work of any poet is somehow connected with personal experiences, otherwise they would not be able to reveal this complex issue. And it is clear that each author presents it differently; poetry by A.A. Feta and F.I. Tyutcheva, for all her outward similarity, was certainly different both in the way she introduced the theme of love, and in her attitude towards it, and in individual strokes of the image.
Until the 50s. in the work of Tyutchev, female images appeared quite rarely, often in the background, and the role of a woman and her love was not so important for the author. With the advent of the poet E.A. Denisyeva in Tyutchev's poetry, one can say that the theme of love was fully disclosed, he introduced a versatile female image into it, and, obviously, one of the first managed to take the place of a woman, looking at the world from her point of view. We can talk about Nekrasov's tradition in Tyutchev's lyrics - the poet created a number of poems with one heroine, whose image is even more significant than the image of the hero.
Tyutchev's biography was tragic, the world condemned him because, being married, he did not hide his love for Denisyeva. This could not but be reflected in his poems:
Oh, how deadly we love
As in the violent blindness of passions
We are the most likely to destroy
What is dear to our heart.
…………………………….
Fate's terrible sentence
Your love was for her
And undeserved reproach
She lay down on her life!
It is not uncommon to compare love with the elements, compare their destructive power, love is a struggle. And, above all, it brings misfortune and suffering for the heroine.
I suffer, I do not live ... by him, I live by him alone.
But this life!.. Oh, how bitter it is!
The so-called Denisyev cycle is a kind of poet's diary, a concentration of his personal experiences. A storm of passions raging in the soul oozes from every line:
You loved, and the way you love -
No, nobody has succeeded yet!
Oh my God! .. And to survive it ...
And the heart was not torn to shreds ...
The poet repeatedly emphasized the superiority of his heroine over the lyrical hero, the woman became a symbol of purity and light in Tyutchev's poetry. This is probably due to the tragedy that the poet experienced - the death of his beloved. But even after that, he continues to love her, praying to God to keep her memory forever:
Oh Lord, give me burning suffering
And dispel the deadness of my soul:
You took it, but the flour of remembrance,
Leave living flour to me about her.
A.A. Fet also survived the tragedy, his beloved Maria Lazich died, and his worldview after her death also changes, but differently than that of Tyutchev. He clearly divides life into real and ideal, leaving a place in his poetry only for the ideal. Two people are fighting in the poet - a cruel landowner and a lyrical singer of beauty. Nature, love and music are the ideals of his poetry, and only they deserve to be sung in poetry.
Fet's love is separate moments, manifestations of feelings, which is subtly depicted in the poem "Whisper. Timid breathing ...". There is no movement here, only images and sounds, which gives a special musicality to the poem, which has been noted more than once by critics in other works of the poet. Not without reason, many romances have been created on Fet's poems, such as "At dawn, you don't wake her up ...".
Despite the idealization of love in his poetry, on a clear setting for the chanting of the ideal, Fet could not forget about his beloved, and the theme of their relationship can be traced in the poems, combined with the theme of memory.
No, I haven't changed. To deep old age
I am the same devotee, I am the slave of your love.
And the old poison of coals, gratifying and cruel,
Still burning in my blood
Although memory insists that there is a grave between us,
I can't believe that you forget me,
When you are here in front of me.
For Fet, love is a necessary part of human life; without it, life is incomplete. He tries to "see", "recognize" the image of his beloved in other women.
Thus, we understand that the theme of love in the work of Fet and Tyutchev is revealed and shown differently, in Tyutchev it is very real and tragic, but Fet refused this, devoting himself to serving "pure art". However, the similarity of these two poets is obvious: their experiences, expressed in different ways, refer to one beloved woman and do not change with time. The love lyrics of both Fet and Tyutchev are saturated with the whole diverse range of feelings, from complete delight to severe pain, and remain unchanged, close and understandable even to the modern reader.
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Text content of presentation slides:"All the triumph of genius, not contained by Tyutchev, was contained by Fet." (A. Blok) Define love according to Tyutchev and Fet (Love is ...) What does love mean for each of them? Love, love - says the legend - The union of the soul with the soul of the native - Their union, combination, And their fatal merging, And ... the fatal duel ... And the more tender one of them In the struggle of an unequal two hearts, The more inevitable and more true, Loving, suffering, sadness It will wear out at last... F.I.Tyutchev I met you - and all the past In an obsolete heart came to life, I remembered the golden time - And my heart felt so warm... Amalia Krudener (Lerchenfeld) 17 in the twilight of memories I still catch your image ... Eleonora Tyutcheva 18 Your sweet image, unforgettable, He is before me everywhere, always, Unattainable, unchanging, Like a star in the sky at night ... I love your eyes, mine friend, with the game their fiery-wonderful, When you suddenly lift them up And, like lightning from heaven, you quickly sweep the whole circle ... But there is a stronger charm: Eyes downcast prone In moments of passionate kissing, And through lowered eyelashes A gloomy, dull fire of desire. Ernestina Tyutcheva 19 Oh, how in our declining years We love more tenderly and more superstitiously ... Shine, shine, farewell light, Last love, evening dawn! .. Elena Aleksandrovna Denisyeva day she lay in oblivion ... "What is love in Tyutchev's poems? The union of the soul with the soul of the native Light The fatal duel The fatal merger Bliss and hopelessness Golden time Unequal struggle Love in the perception of Tyutchev Love is both bliss, and suffering, and hopelessness, this is a fatal duel, this is a golden time. love gives new life brings a person back to life. But at the same time, love is the twin of suicide, a fate that takes away happiness and the joy of being. A.A. Fet and Maria Lazich "I was waiting for a woman who would understand me, and I waited for her." (From a letter from Fet) The tragedy of the poet's love and life... Maria Lazich is the poet's only beloved. 12 You have suffered, I am still suffering, I am destined to breathe with doubt, And I tremble, and my heart avoids Searching for what cannot be understood... In the silence and darkness of the mysterious night I see a friendly and sweet glow, And in the starry choir familiar eyes Burn in the steppe over a forgotten grave... 11 I won’t tell you anything, I won’t disturb you in the slightest, And I won’t dare to hint at what I silently say ... 13 For Fet, LOVE is the only content of human existence, the only faith, the unifying principle, the basis of a person’s spiritual existence Conclusions Tyutcheva’s love is tragic. His lyrical hero felt the death of love itself. Tyutchev said that future enmity, separation or betrayal, death or fatigue is already hidden in love itself: “We kill what we love. There is death in the touch of love. Destructive human love is the main manifestation of our inner night.” Fet’s love is passionate, impatient, it is equal to life, and the years without love are weary and boring. The main mood of Fetov's poems is admiration, joy, delight, the desire to love. In these poems (despite the tragedy in his personal life!) there is no tragedy, love is not a fatal duel, not hopelessness. We can say that the hero of Fet's lyrics is a happy person in love. We feel this happiness, this thrill of the soul of the lyrical hero. Comparison of lyrics Poets Fet Tyutchev Theme of love Love - experiences associated with one beloved woman Love is endless bliss Love is the twin of suicide Whose lines are these? I knew the eyes - oh, these eyes! How I loved them - God knows! I could not tear my soul away from their magical passionate night ... Whose lines are these? Do not leave me, my friend, stay with me. Do not leave me: I am so pleased with you ...
Comparative characteristics of the theme of love in the lyrics of Tyutchev and Fet. The first point of the plan is a comparison of the artistic image created by the author according to the criteria. Tyutchev's poem "I met you and all the past" is an excellent example of a poem about pure love, the author considers the theme of feelings. So, for example, this poem describes the feelings again experienced by a happy lyrical hero. Tyutchev opens for us a bright feeling of love from the usual angle for everyone. So love appears in his poem as something sincere, bright and tender. Love fills the lyrical hero with the meaning of life, he is happy. The poem immerses the reader in the world of warmth and harmony.
In Fet's poem "You have suffered, I am still suffering," the poet created the image of a lyrical hero through whom he conveys his situation.
This poem is dedicated to one of the poet's beloved - M. Lazich, it is about love. He did not have the courage to stay with Lazic and he neglected not only his own feelings, but also the feelings of Mary and soon ran away, after that, until the end of his days, he said: "I regret my act." How many days after he left Maria, he learns that the Woman died, one of the versions of death was that Maria committed suicide, Fet tried to do the same according to the assumption of some researchers. Despite the several decades that passed after the death of Maria Fet, until the end of his life he could not overcome the feeling of guilt, it jarred him that he could influence Maria's decision. The poem reflects the torment of the poet. The lyrical hero shows how his soul breathes doubt, his life is saturated with this feeling.
The poem is saturated with feelings of love, a feeling of memory for his beloved, he doubts the correctness of his act. The lyrical hero understands that everything best moments his life was with her, in the past, all he dreams about is to get to her "quickly into your non-existence." This once again confirms the idea that Fet could have tried to commit suicide.
The second criterion in comparison is means of expression used by poets in their poems. Tyutchev uses various expressive means such as metaphor, epithet, personification; tender, emotional vocabulary prevails, which shows the youth and sensuality of the lyrical hero.
Fet's work is dominated by epithets that show the state of the lyrical hero, the poet uses metaphors to show the torment in the depths of the character's soul, for example, "my chest breathes with doubt" "I avoid with my heart"
The third criterion in comparison is the author's intention, for which the authors created these works. Tyutchev wanted to portray a happy and bright life, which is possible if you love. The author conveys the power of love, fidelity in love heroes, the author praises his wonderful manifestations of his feelings. Memories give inspiration and hope to a person, love objects to past memories, love is what fills us with life.
A poem dedicated to lost love, tragic outcome and loneliness. The loneliness of a man who could have changed everything but didn't.
Updated: 2017-12-16
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