B at the end and middle of numbers. Soft sign in numbers

§ 1 Rules for writing b in the middle and at the end of numbers

The spelling of numbers is often difficult for students. The orthogram "Soft sign at the end and in the middle of numbers" is no exception.

In this lesson, we will determine when and which numbers are written with a soft sign.

Consider the following text.

The oak grows slowly, from the ground in the first years it rises only ten to fifteen centimeters. But it quickly grows down - its root in the very first summer penetrates a meter deep and branches strongly. This continues for ten years. And then the oak begins to stretch upward. Now it grows thirty centimeters over the summer. In five hundred years, it will be fifteen stories high. And by that time its roots will go seventy to eighty meters deep.

Now let's divide the numbers into groups. In the first column we write down the numbers with a soft sign at the end, and in the second column those with a soft sign in the middle of the word.

Pay attention to the numbers in both columns.

B is written at the end of cardinal numbers from 5 to 20 and in the word 30. It should be remembered that in the middle of the numbers fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen and nineteen, the letter b does not need to be written. It is placed in a word only once: either in the middle or at the end.

In numbers from 50 to 80 and in numbers from 500 to 900, b should be written in the middle of the word. This is typical only for I.p. and V. p.

§ 2 Exercises for the correct spelling of b in numerals

Let's consolidate the learned rule with examples:

The abolition of serfdom in Russia was in one thousand eighteen ... sixteen ... fifty-first.

This sentence contains two numerals that are questionable when written. The first word is 800. Let's look at our table.

According to her, in this numeral b is written in the middle of the word, after the first root. The next word is 60. This number also refers to the second column, which means that in the middle of the word after the first root we write b again.

Let's take another example:

The greatest width of our village rivulet is fifty ... ninety ... meters, the smallest - thirty ...

For the correct spelling of the numbers, we turn to the table again.

The first word is 50. It is mentioned in the second column. So, we write it with b in the middle. The next number is 9. It belongs to the first column, therefore, in this word, it is necessary at the end of b.

And finally, the number 30, which is also in the first column, so we also write it with a b at the end.

The letter b is written at the end of numbers from 5 to 20 and in the word 30.

The letter b is written in the middle of compound cardinal numbers from 50 to 80 and from 500 to 900.

List of used literature:

1. T.A. Ladyzhenskaya, M.T. Baranov. Russian language. 6th grade. 2012.
2. N.G. Goltsov. Russian language 10-11 grades. 2012.
3. V.V. Babaytseva. Russian language. Theory. 5-9 grade. 2012.
4. G.A. Bogdanov. Russian language lessons in grade 6. 2012.
5. BUT. Kramarenko. Russian lessons in the 6th grade. Lesson plans. 2002.
6. N.V. Egorova. Control and measuring materials. Russian language. 6th grade. 2011.

Spelling numbers is one of the most difficult topics in spelling. Problems often arise with case endings, as well as with the definition of the category of this part of speech. Therefore, before talking about spelling norms, it is worth giving the concept of a numeral name.

Numeral name as part of speech

Spelling complex numbers

Now let's look at complex numerals in Russian. Their spelling is subject to the following rules:

• Eleven is written with a double "n", and one should not forget about the soft sign at the end.
• Compound numbers from eleven to twenty, as well as thirty, should be written with a soft sign at the end: twenty people, fifteen sweets.

• However, the soft sign is not needed in the middle of the numbers fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen and nineteen.
• Numbers from 50 to 80, as well as from 500 to 900, are written with a soft sign in the middle: fifty workers, seventy apartments; six hundred kilograms, nine hundred years.
• Ordinal numbers, the second part of which are the words "thousandth, millionth, billionth", should be written together: twenty thousandth mileage, fifty millionth inhabitant, two billionth molecule.

Spelling of compound and fractional numbers

The spelling of compound numbers, consisting of several words, is easy to remember. They are written separately. However, they can include both simple and complex numbers.

For example: one hundred and sixty-six (one hundred - simple, sixty - complex, written with a soft sign in the middle, six - simple, a soft sign is required at the end). Thousand and eleven (one thousand - simple, eleven - complex, in the middle you should use a double "n").

The spelling of fractional numbers comes down to the following rule: they are written separately, as well as compound ones: zero point fifteen hundredths, three second, one point five ninth.

Endings of numbers

Grammatical norms and spelling of numerals are inextricably linked. The rule is separate for each category. So, cardinal numbers 5-20, 30 have the same endings as nouns of the first declension (for example, bone): six, about six; twenty, about twenty. But the words denoting the number of 40, 90, 100, have only two grammatical forms: in the nominative and accusative forty, ninety, one hundred, in all the rest - forty, ninety, one hundred.

You should pay attention to the spelling of the endings of the numerals of quantitative components: it is necessary to change each word. Let's look at an example: 645 + 128 \u003d 773. Add one hundred twenty-eight to six hundred and forty-five to get seven hundred and seventy-three.

Let's also decline the answer for example:

• Seven hundred seventy three is the nominative case.
• Seven hundred seventy three is the genitive case.
• Seven hundred seventy three is the dative case.
• Seven hundred seventy three is the accusative case.
• Seven hundred and seventy three - instrumental.
• About seven hundred seventy three - prepositional case.

The declension of the numerals denoting the order in counting is much simpler: it is necessary to change only the last word, and as an adjective:

• Seven hundred and seventy-third is the nominative case.
• Seven hundred seventy-third is genitive.
• Seven hundred and seventy-third is the dative case.
• Seven hundred seventy-third (-his - for animate) - accusative case.
• Seven hundred and seventy-third - instrumental.
• About seven hundred and seventy-third - prepositional case.

When writing numbers, students often have difficulty writing a soft sign. This article covers the basics of soft-sign spelling in the middle of numbers and at the end of words. It also lists the most common mistakes and correct options with examples.

When writing numbers in words, many have difficulties: almost every word of this part of speech has a spelling. Many rules relate to writing a soft sign in numbers. They can be divided into several groups.

Soft sign at the end of numeral names

On b numbers from 5 to 10 end, as well as all numbers that end with -teen. For example, it will be correct to write "seven", but not "Sem", "eight", but not "Eight", "fifteen",but not "Fifteen".

The soft sign is not written at the end of the remaining numbers. A common mistake, admitted by many, is to write ь at the end of the number thousand in the plural form. h.r.p .: hundreds thousand.To write correctly thousand_.

Soft sign in the middle of numbers

The soft sign in the middle of a word is written in complex numbers like seventy, eight bten, six hundred.

There is also a soft sign in the ordinal vos bmy.

This letter is written in the middle of a collective numeral vos bmero.

Letter "B" may appear in the middle of some declension numbers:

• In cardinal numbers four in T. p.: four bme;
• In words eighty and eight hundred in T. p. two b: vos bm bten, ten bm byustami.

Spelling the soft sign in numbers: common mistakes

Very often, confused by the rules, students write in the middle of simple numbers: fifteen, sixteen, seventeen and so on. To avoid such a mistake, you need to remember that there is only one soft sign in simple numbers, which is written at the end: toe b, eighteen b, thirty b .

Another common mistake in the spelling of numbers is the omission of the soft sign in some difficult words of this part of speech. For instance: behold mdyes, yes msfrom... The spelling of these numbers can be remembered by mentally breaking them into two parts: five-ten, nine-hundred, seven-hundred.

Sometimes b placed in the middle of compound numbers that are used without this letter: There were only two hundred bti rubles. The farm has prepared four beleven tons of feed.

To remember all the nuances associated with b in the names of numerals, you can use the following table:

The spelling of the soft sign in numbers will be remembered faster if you complete several exercises on this rule.

Article rating

average rating: 4.6. Total ratings received: 28.

The lesson is structured in such a way as to bring into the system the previously acquired knowledge about writing a soft sign in the middle and at the end of a word and to form the skill of writing b at the end and in the middle of numbers. The material selected for the lesson allows you to increase vocabulary students.

Download:

Preview:

Kuzmina V.F.

Soft sign at the end and in the middle of numbers

Lesson objectives:

educational: introduce students to the spelling rule

"A soft sign at the end and in the middle of numbers", to form the ability to apply it when writing numbers; repeat the spelling of the soft mark in other parts of speech;

developing: development logical thinking, attention, perception, memory;

educational: fostering interest in Russian language lessons through acquaintance with new words; development of positive motivation for learning.

During the classes

I. Organizational moment.

II. Repetition of previously learned about the number (preparation for the perception of a new topic).

1) Letter from memory:

There was an ant in the world

In a black hat up to your eyebrows!

He kept in his apartment

Twenty-two pood weights.

Find the number. What is this part of speech?

What categories of numbers do you know? What is their structure?

Describe this number.

2) Vocabulary work (non-standard word representation):

a) an integer immediately following ten (eleven);

b) the smallest unit of time measurement (second);

c) a period of time of 10 days, the third part of the month (ten days, from the Greek "deca" - ten);

d) the fourth part of the reporting year (quarter, from the Latin "quartus" - the fourth).

Write down vocabulary words and underline the spelling in them, pay attention to the stress in the word quarter (on the last syllable).

Eleven, second, decade, quarter.

Teacher:

The topic “Numeral name” allows us to learn or repeat the meanings of words we have heard more than once. Let's go back to the recorded quatrain. What does a pound weight mean?

Have you ever heard the expression "an inch of land" ("We will not give up an inch of land!")?

Student message:

In the old days in Russia and in other countries, various measures of length were used. More often they were associated with the size of human body parts. A span is an Old Russian measure of length (17-18 cm), equal to the distance between the ends of the stretched fingers (thumb and forefinger). The expression means "we will not give up even the smallest part."

III. Work on the topic of the lesson.

1) Test task.

a) cane ..., eight ..., twenty ...

b) bun ... naya, shift ... box, oven ... nick

c) chalk ... whip, glass ... box, less ...

In which words is the soft sign not written and why?

Indicate the row where the soft mark is written in the middle of the word.

Name the row where the soft sign is written at the end of the word to indicate the softness of the consonants. Are there numbers among the words of this series?

2) Teacher's explanation:

The spelling of the soft sign at the end and in the middle of the numbers is also regulated by the rule.

Rule 1. In numbers from five to twenty and in the number thirty, a soft sign is written at the end, as in nouns with soft consonants. In the middle of the numbers fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen and nineteen, the soft sign is not written.

And now let's analyze the word fifty by its composition. How is it formed? (fifty is five tens, therefore, the number is complex). The softness of the last consonant of the first root is preserved and is indicated with a soft sign. Read in the textbook in which numbers in the middle are written soft signs.

Rule 2 (students tell).

3) Drawing up a table and filling it with examples.

Write b

Eight, eleven, sixty four, seventy one, thirty, seventeen, nine hundred twelve, eighteen, twenty, five hundred fifty five, fifteen, eight hundred eleven, fourteen.

IV. Consolidation of the studied material.

1. Write down and mark spellings in numbers, replacing them with words.

Deepest Baltic Sea - 459 meters, Azov - 14 meters. 12 fellows came out, carried 52 falcons, released 365 swans. Camels and horses live 20 years, an elephant - 80 years.

2. Read the proverbs, write down the numbers and explain their spelling.

A person lives 60 years, and 30 of them sleeps. He sees 7 flaws in another, but does not notice 10 in himself. One good thing is better than 50 empty words. When the trouble is over and everything calms down, immediately 500 advisers will be found.

3. Independent work on the cards "Tic-tac-toe".

Mark the correct answer in the table with a cross.

Exercise 1.

Write it down in words.

8, 11, 17, 60, 80, 365, 413, 515, 699, 719, 79, 800, 988.

Exercise 2.

Form ordinal numbers from numbers and write them down.

11, 23, 378, 500, 1000, 1256, 8000, 8663, 37 000, 9 000 000, 77 000 000.

Exercise 3.

Form complex adjectives from phrases. Write them down.

Anniversary at 90 years, frost at 40 degrees, heat at 38 degrees, height 900 meters, house with 450 apartments, collective of 1.5 thousand people, distance 340 kilometers, tank for 200 liters, city with a population of 1, 5 million people.

Exercise 4.

Write numbers in words.

In 1981, 8,302,000 people lived in Moscow, and about 1,360,000 people in Novosibirsk. In the Middle Volga region, frosts may increase up to 18-22 degrees during the day, and up to 25 - 27 at night. The fighting continued until May 12, 1945. 252 661 enemy soldiers were taken prisoner, about 650 tanks, 3069 guns, 790 aircraft, 41 131 vehicles were captured.

Exercise 5.

Replace numbers with words, put combinations of numbers with nouns in the appropriate case form. In cases where it is impossible to form some combinations, select the options that express this value.

At an altitude of 900,000 meters ..., up to 500 established ..., about 44 barges ..., have 100 rubles ..., travel within 23 days ..., 34 nurseries work ... and more than 52 kindergartens. .., out of 301 applicants ... for the championship, more than 43 candidates ... for prizes, last 5.3 seconds ..., observe 3 or more cases ... diseases, about 90 km ..., per ruble ... a piece. On (both, both) sides of the road were slender fir trees. The slopes (both, both) of the ravines are washed away by rain. (Both, both) cheerful friends parted for a long time.

Exercise 6.

Form complex adjectives from the following combinations.

5 years, 40 minutes, 21 hours, 8 meters, 500 liters, 1000 years, 555 days, 29 kilometers, a million votes, 61 billion.

Exercise 7.

Rewrite the text by replacing numbers with words. Determine the case of the numbers.

Carat

Carat is a unit of weight for precious stones.

Once upon a time, grains, kidneys or beans were used when weighing jewelry. Carat is the weight of the bean. It is equal to 0.2 grams.

Most diamonds are lightweight. Stones of 1–2 carats are considered large. A diamond over 20 carats is given a name like a person. Such stones are known all over the world.

The largest diamond - "Cullinan", found at the beginning of the XX century in South Africa... He weighed 3106 carats. Nobody in the world could buy it. He had to be split into pieces. It turned out 105 diamonds of different weight. The largest of them: "Star of Africa" \u200b\u200b- weighs 530.2 carats, "Cullinan II" - 317.4 carats. They now adorn the crown and scepter of the kings of England.

(According to S. Kordyukova)

Exercise 8.

Everyone knows the Ostankino TV Tower - the tallest building in Europe. Its height together with the antenna is about 539 meters. It was built in 1967.

But the first TV tower in Moscow was built in 1922 by the famous Russian engineer Vladimir Grigorievich Shukhov, therefore it is called Shukhovskaya. This openwork steel structure, 160 meters high, was intended for the radio station antenna. It was from here in 1937 that the first regular experimental television broadcasts in our country began.

Exercise 9.

Rewrite the text by replacing numbers with words. Determine the case form of the numbers.

Moscow skyscrapers

Skyscrapers in Moscow are called 7 buildings that were built in the late 40s - early 50s according to a single urban plan. They have 26 to 36 floors. it different houses: ministries, hotels, residential buildings and the university.

For example, the main building of Moscow State University on Vorobyovy Gory is a 36-storey building, the height of which is 235.7 meters, the height of the spire is 60 meters, and the weight of the star on the spire is 12 tons.

The skyscrapers had admirers and opponents, but now these half-skyscrapers of the Soviet era are part of the silhouette of Moscow.

(According to J. Brodsky)

Test on the topic "Spelling of names of numbers"

1. Find an example with a misspelled word.

1) four hundred lines;

2) six hundred students;

3) over five hundred and sixty thousand kilometers;

4) in two thousand and eight.

2. In what number is b written in the middle of a word?

1) 18; 2) 60; 3) 15; 4) 19.

3. In what words is b in the middle of a word not written?

1) this ... ten; 2) trid ... tsat; 3) five ... honeycomb; 4) four ... me.

4. In which numeral b is not written in the middle of a word?

1) 16; 2) 60; 3) 600; 4) 80.

5. What compound number from 11 to 19 is written with nn?

1) 15; 2) 13; 3) 11; 4) 16; 5) 18.

6. In what number at the end is the letter a written?

1) ninety ...; 2) three hundred ...; 3) Art ...

7. Indicate the number in the declension of which you made a mistake:

1) fifty;

2) sixty;

3) eighty.

8. Indicate the number in the declension of which you made a mistake:

1) nine hundred;

2) six hundred;

3) seven hundred.

9. Indicate the number in the declension of which you made a mistake:

1) two hundred;

2) two hundred;

3) two hundred.

10. In the spelling of which numeral is there a mistake?

1) the two thousandth year;

2) up to two thousandth year;

3) by the year two thousand;

4) two thousand and seven.

11. Indicate the correct spelling of a compound cardinal number in V.p .:

1) one thousand eight hundred fifty three;

2) one thousand eight hundred fifty three.

12. Indicate the correct spelling of a compound cardinal number in T. p.:

1) one thousand eight hundred and fifty three;

2) one thousand eight hundred and fifty three;

3) one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.

13. Specify the correct spelling of the number:

1) with eight hundred and ninety-six;

2) with eight hundred and ninety-six;

3) with eight hundred and ninety-six;

4) with eight hundred and ninety-six.

14. Indicate the correct spelling of the number one and a half:

1) one and a half meters;

2) one and a half meters;

3) one and a half meters.

15. Indicate the correct spelling of numerals in R.p .:

1) one hundred and forty rubles;