How to develop speech for an adult. How to improve your speech and vocabulary
Competent speech is the key to success in life. After all, they judge not only by their clothes, but also by the ability to convey thoughts correctly and write competently. A person who knows how to express his thoughts simply, concisely and clearly, to construct sentences correctly is always perceived more positively. The interlocutors, listening to competent speech, automatically assign to a person a completely different, higher level of life competence.
Have you ever lost or didn't get a job due to a large number of mistakes in your letter or the need to clearly explain why you are the right person for the job? The development of competent speech is one of the basic tasks of every self-respecting person. Even if you are not performing in front of an audience, the ability to speak beautifully and understandably is appreciated by everyone. So how to develop competent speech?
Read fiction
Reading quality fiction can hardly be called a waste of time. In the modern world, we are exposed to a very large flow of information, mainly listening to news or reading them on the Internet. But the web, entertainment reading and business literature cannot replace good books by renowned domestic and foreign authors.
Reading novels helps to intuitively cost correct, beautiful sentences, develops a sense of language. Reading fiction, scientific articles in special editions, a person expands his horizons and vocabulary. If you want to make speech more lively, imaginative, read poetry. Pick out the rhythm, metaphors, and phrases you would like to use.
Use dictionaries
Look for new words. If you have heard or read a word whose meaning is unfamiliar to you, feel free to take a dictionary and find out what it means. The origin of words is a very interesting science. What if it becomes one of your hobbies?
In addition to the usual dictionary, there are dictionaries of metaphors, foreign words, special terms, even dictionaries dedicated to a certain science. Use all of them and your vocabulary will grow rapidly. You can always find the most accurate word and apply it in a conversation.
Play educational games
As you know, children acquire almost all knowledge of the language before the age of seven. A child's literate speech develops with the help of the people around him. There are also many games and techniques that can help you develop your imagination, expand your vocabulary and learn to speak beautifully.
If possible, listen to yourself from the outside. Take audio or video of your voice. If you are afraid to speak on the recorder or get an inaccurate result, ask someone close to you to record you during a normal conversation.
Rate your speech. Competent speech is always clean of all unnecessary things. How accurately have you conveyed your message to others? Was it clear? Could it have been shorter, clearer, clearer? Are you pauses in the wrong places? Are you building your sentences correctly? Are your thoughts confused, jumping from thought to thought, confusing your listeners?
Watch out for accents. Wrong accents (ringing, jalusi and other tricky words, of which there are many in Russian) betray an illiterate and illiterate person. There are two ways out: do not use these words or open the dictionary, textbooks and remember them firmly.
Edit what you write
Written a letter, a message to a friend, a management report, or a feature sketch? Whatever it is - review the text as carefully as possible and try to give it a critical assessment. This is a great speech training. If you practice "cleaning" your writing, you will see results very soon. Plus, spoken language will change significantly too!
When you've written something, try to "switch" to something else (at least go and make yourself a cup of tea), and then return to the text with a "fresh" eye. Imagine that this is someone else's text. Are there any mistakes in it? How accurately is the thought expressed? Do you understand everything as an outside reader? Is it possible to formulate this idea more clearly and concisely?
Correct speech and competent speech are always bright, expressive and understandable. Get rid of words that do not carry any meaning. Often they occupy a third of the text, from which your thought definitely loses. If you can use a simpler and shorter word, use. You can also try reading aloud (be sure to do this if preparing the speech you will be giving).
Develop your voice
Not only grammatical and lexically literate speech is important for communication. Correct communication also includes proficiency in the voice. If you have applied all the techniques outlined above, but at the same time express your thoughts in a monotonous voice devoid of any intonation, it will be unpleasant and not very interesting to listen to you.
It's worth developing your voice. Exercise, listen to the speakers and try to repeat after them. Sign up for a public speaking course. Even with a little effort, the results will delight you, and your interlocutors will stop yawning.
Outcome
Literate speech is not given from birth. You need to work on this constantly, throughout your life. But even if you devote very little effort and time to the development of your speech, reading will become your good habit - a more interesting and successful life is guaranteed to you.
Unfortunately, not everyone has the gift of eloquence, but this does not mean at all that this skill cannot be developed in oneself. We all know that a person who can speak beautifully can be listened to for hours! And yet, it should be borne in mind that there are a considerable number of different nuances that are important to take into account when developing the skill of a rich conversational speech.
The list of skills and abilities that a child learns at the age of 1-3 years is very extensive. Parents have to help the child learn to roll over, crawl and walk, hold a spoon, manipulate toys and, of course, talk.
Why is developing speech skills so important for your baby?
Timely mastery of speech skills is very important for the development of the child as a whole. Speech contributes to the improvement of the baby's mental activity, expands his capabilities in understanding the world, positively affects the mental state of the child, plays an important role in regulating the behavior of the baby.
In addition, a sufficiently developed speech makes the acts of communication between the child and any close adult successful and reduces the risk of the child's aggressive reactions to misunderstanding on the part of adults.
Many parents believe that this skill will form on its own and no additional effort is needed. However, this opinion is wrong. Developing the child's speech is the task of mom and dad, who must first of all constantly talk to him from infancy.
In addition, it is important for parents to constantly initiate communication situations. If you do not deal with native speech with the baby, at least he will speak rather late, and in the worst case, you can miss neurological problems and developmental delay.
What stages of speech development does a child go through from birth?
From the first sounds to the first words of the baby, the path is not close and not easy. The little one, together with his parents, has a lot to master. There are six main milestones in the child's speech development:
Scream
This means of communication is available to the baby from birth on a reflex level. When a child feels discomfort due to hunger, pain, a wet diaper, or something else, he screams to express his displeasure.
Over time, the mother may notice that the baby can scream not only out of need, but also just to call her. The child gives a voice, then pauses, waiting for someone to come to his call. If no one is in a hurry to the baby, he starts screaming louder.
Moreover, the cries of a baby about three months old already differ in intonation and volume, and therefore in content, so that observant parents can already understand by sound what the baby wants to tell.
Humming
This is the next milestone in speech development. The sounds pronounced by the baby during this period (from about 2-3 to 5-7 months) are varied: these are both vowels and consonants that the baby seems to be singing: "aaa", "gyyy", "agu", "guu" ...
The child is especially active in the presence of loved ones, when they play or talk with him.
It's good if the mother does not hesitate to repeat the sounds that the baby utters, because then, trying to repeat after her, he will master them even better. The older the baby becomes, the longer the chain of sounds available to his articulatory apparatus he can skip.
Babbling
The next stage of the baby's speech development after humming is babbling. Now the crumb tastes the syllables: "ma", "ba", "pa", etc. First, he pronounces these sound combinations once, and having memorized how to do this and what comes of it, he tries to pronounce several identical syllables: "ma -ma-ma "," tu-tu ". This is a crucial step towards mastering words.
First words
the child usually pronounces the first words at the age of 11-12 months. Actively continuing to babble, the baby may notice that from the small combinations of sounds familiar to him, longer ones are formed, to which, moreover, the family reacts very happily: "ma-ma", "pa-pa", "ba-ba".
At this stage of speech development, it is very important for adults to get involved as actively as possible, "throwing" a lot of short words to the baby, the meaning of which will be clear to him. Onomatopoeia are well remembered: "av-av", "boo", "bam", "ko-ko", "b-bi" and others.
In addition, it is useful to comment on your actions and the actions of the baby, read more aloud and train the muscles of the cheeks and lips in the child using a variety of exercises:
- articulatory gymnastics,
- playing the pipe and harmonica,
- blowing soap bubbles,
- even blowing off dandelion parachutes.
Thus, the crumbs' speech apparatus will be prepared for the next stage - active speaking.
Mastering more difficult words and increasing vocabulary
Mastering the words of an adult vocabulary is another step towards full speech. A period of active expansion of the vocabulary is coming, and for the development of the crumbs' speech, it is important for parents to use words of different parts of speech in communication with the child:
- nouns,
- verbs,
- adjectives.
The baby learns more and more various objects and actions and begins to call them by their proper names, even if sometimes distorted: "lyalyaka" (tumbler), "ampka" (light bulb), "babaka" (dog).
It is important not to scold the baby if he fails to pronounce the word correctly, but to repeat it over and over again in the correct version. Gradually, the little one will cope with articulatory wisdom and will be able to speak quite clearly, but first he will try to put a few words together.
Folding words into phrases
Combining words into short phrases, and then into long ones, is usually available to a child closer to two years old. During this period, the child composes simple phrases such as "Lala is sleeping", "the dog is walking."
If at the previous stages of speech development the baby has heard enough words denoting not only objects, but also actions and basic signs, it will be easy for him to combine familiar words into understandable phrases, comprehending various situations.
How to develop a baby's speech at home?
The child begins to express his emotions and desires from the first days, including with the help of verbal means. Therefore, speech skills should be developed as early as possible. Of course, this does not mean that in a month the child will recite Barto by heart, the classes will have a cumulative effect.
From birth to six months
So, the baby settles in the house. Parents and the baby continue their recently begun acquaintance with each other, look for a convenient daily routine, get used to the changes. One of these changes is commenting on your actions.
Verbal contact with the child
Of course, not a single adult in his right mind will do this for no reason. However, for the parents of a baby, this is absolutely normal and even necessary: \u200b\u200b“Who woke up with us? It was Ksyushenka who woke up! Now Ksyusha and I will wash, like this, first we will wash our right eye, now our left one ”, and stuff like that.
Please note that from a very early age, it is necessary to talk to a child, although affectionately, but not distorting words, clearly pronouncing them, not lisping. This will give the kid the opportunity to memorize lexical units in the correct form.
Educational songs and nursery rhymes
It's great if the mother has several nursery rhymes and songs in her arsenal: rhythmic combinations of words will interest the baby, their sound is useful for the child's development of speech, sense of rhythm, and hearing.
A very good effect is shown by reading nursery rhymes during daily rituals: massage, bathing, games. For each type of activity - its own rhyme, its own lexical group, its own intonation. Over time, the baby will recognize the procedures themselves and the words that correspond to them.
Praise and support
If you notice that the child shows speech initiative, tries to pronounce new sounds, be sure to support him in this difficult task. Repeat the sound yourself, praise the baby, help the baby pronounce the new sound again.
Articulation gymnastics
With the beginning of humming, you can perform articulatory gymnastics with your baby in the form of a game. An adult can puff out his cheeks, stick out his tongue, lick his lips, and encourage the child to repeat after him.
And if you also smile between making faces, the baby will understand that this is a really fun game, and will want to try to make it just as funny.
From 6 months to a year
Maintaining speech dialogue, games
And during this period, you should not leave constant commenting on your actions and the actions of the baby, as well as repetition of rhymes during daily procedures. It is also important to react in a timely manner to all sounds and syllables that the child pronounces, responding to them with a short phrase and thus forming a dialogue.
The well-known games "Magpie" and "Ladushki" are good for children of this age - motor skills, coordination, and speech develop immediately. You can't do without a game of hide-and-seek with the constant "peek-a-boo".
Onomatopoeia
You can also start introducing the baby to the animals, offering him one or two toys each, talking about a particular animal and uttering a sound that is characteristic of it: “Katya, look what a pussy. The pussy is beautiful, white. Pussy says: "meow meow!"
It is important every time, showing a toy, to say about the same thing, until the child begins to recognize it and show it at the appropriate request ("Show the pussy. Where is the pussy? Here is the pussy:" meow meow "). Children learn onomatopoeia willingly and easily.
From one to two years
If the parents are carefully engaged in the speech development of the baby, then in the period from 15 to 18 months there should be a leap, when a considerable part of the child's vocabulary carefully formed by adults passes from a passive state to an active one.
In other words, the baby begins to use words, calling them certain objects, actions, denoting situations. However, in anticipation of this moment, as well as after it, it is important not to stop classes aimed at mastering speech skills.
Repetition of sounds and words
Continuing interaction with toys (remember our pussy "meow-meow"), a new element should be introduced into the situation - to encourage the child to pronounce the sound that the animal speaks.
If the baby doesn't answer the question the first time, the adult does it himself: “How does the pussy speak? The pussy says meow. Ksyusha, tell me how the pussy speaks? " This contributes to the removal of words from the passive vocabulary into the active one, helps the child to start using knowledge in practice.
Consideration of books and poems, their discussion
This is really a whole field for the development of speech and other intellectual abilities: you can read and examine images, discuss, name objects, colors, look for something in the picture, etc.
It is important for an adult and a child to do all this together, and not just once, but repeating from day to day. It is imperative to read with expression, in different voices and with different intonations, as required by the text. Monotonous reading will not interest the crumb, and the lesson will not bring either pleasure or benefit.
Verbal participation in dialogue with adults
It is necessary to remember: the age from 1.5 to 2 years already presupposes the child's participation in the dialogue verbally. If earlier it was enough that the question "Where?" the crumb showed the desired object, now the questions and tasks should involve a simple verbal answer: “What is the elephant doing?”, “How does the dog bark?”, “Who came?”, “Let's call dad. How shall we call dad? "
Concluding verses
After one and a half years, the child is able to cope with such an interesting and not too simple task, like finishing rhymes. Those poems that you have already learned with the baby through repeated repetition are probably already well imprinted in his memory.
When reading, try not to finish the last word of the stanza and ask the baby to finish the rhyme, while you can silently pronounce the word, actively moving your lips so that the child understands what they want from him.
Reading poems like this can be one of your favorite things to do together. Over time, it will be possible to encourage the baby to finish the word in each line, and soon the baby will surprise the adults with a completely narrated rhyme.
Expanding vocabulary, building phrases
As in previous periods, it is important for adults to comment on everything and everyone - at home, on a walk, while playing, while continuing to develop the child's vocabulary and give him an example of the correct construction of phrases.
This will give the baby the opportunity to build phrases of 2-3 words by 20 months. And in order for the child's speech capabilities to be embodied in practice, do not forget to create situations in which the skills of the little man will manifest themselves. In other words, ask questions that a child at 2 years old is able to answer.
2 to 3 years old
During this period, the child's speech development proceeds in three directions:
- The vocabulary and conceptual stock continues to grow.
- Attempts are made to construct more complex phrases (from two parts: "The bear is asleep, and the bunny is walking," with subordinate conjunctions "because", "when" and others).
- The sound of speech is "cleaned": hissing, whistling sounds, unpronounceable "p" and other shortcomings are straightened (tongue twisters are well suited for this).
Question answer
Almost continuous commenting can be replaced by answers to the baby's questions. Most likely, there will be quite a lot of them, so parents still won't have to keep silent. The main thing is to answer in a language accessible to the child and without overloading with unnecessary information.
Toy plays and performances
At this age, it will be interesting for kids to take part in a toy show. You can play a small situation, the heroes of which will be the child's favorite characters.
In other words, this is already a plot game that presupposes both a real and a speech situation. For example, you can offer to feed the dolls lunch by commenting, “Let's set up the dishes. Who is the cup? And this one? What color is the mug? Who will eat? "
Such a game will develop the child's thinking abilities and encourage him to use words appropriate to the situation.
Special exercises and techniques for the development of speech activity in children
Of course, all children are different and not all of them, as if on command, begin to pronounce the first words by the year, and build phrases a little over one and a half.
It is in the power of parents to help kids develop speech, and, in addition to the general rules described above, there are also special techniques that provoke a child to participate in a dialogue in one way or another:
Artificial misunderstanding (provocation)
If the child is already at the age when he can name toys, but does not do it for any personal "convictions" and only commands his mother to give this or that thing with a command squeak, the mother can pretend that she does not understand: “I cannot understand , What do you want? A typewriter? A doll? Ball?"
As a rule, children easily succumb to this trick and either end up naming the desired object, or at least react in the affirmative to any word in the process of listing.
Choice situation
When going for a walk or sitting down your baby for dinner, ask: “Will you wear a white blouse or a red one?”, “What will we drink, juice or milk?”, Encouraging the baby to think about the answer and express it in verbal form.
Motor development games
Games with natural material and any other that contribute to the development of fine motor skills also develop speech skills in children. A number of experts claim that such activities directly affect the improvement of their abilities.
Encouragement to another way of expressing thoughts
You should not get carried away with only one side of development, that is, speech. The child should have access to various ways of perceiving the world around him and expressing his thoughts on this matter.
Gestures and facial expressions, drawing and application, construction - all this allows the kid to express his idea of \u200b\u200ba particular event, object, phenomenon, while developing his sensory abilities. And it will be easy to accompany the action with a word.
The development of speech in a young child is not easy. However, if the classes are organized correctly, gradually they will firmly enter the life of the family and will seem to be an integral part of everyday life, and even more so they will not cause discomfort.
Remember that if the baby is in a bad mood or does not want to devote time to the development of speech right now, you should not insist. Well, if the baby is ready for active knowledge of the world through speech - speak, sing, read with him, repeat as many times as he asks, and soon you will hear the first verses performed by your two-three-year-old.
Content:Nowadays, correct speech, unfortunately, is gradually losing its meaning. It is being replaced by combinations of foreign words, neologisms and slang expressions, which appeared as a result of technological progress and development in the scientific field. The more expressive, brighter and richer your language is, the higher your abilities and talents will be evaluated. And then it will be easier for you to communicate with people.
How important is the ability to speak correctly?
Modern man does not pay enough attention to the development of his speech. Even in schools, the formation of correct and competent speech in children has receded into the background. The result is sad - we are losing the speech skills that our compatriots possessed. After all, they used to demonstrate all the original beauty of the Russian language to those who are unfamiliar with its features.
Correct phrases speak of a person's culture and certainly contribute to a good first impression.
It is a noble goal to learn to speak correctly. Speaking clearly and beautifully will help you stand out from those around you, even if you are not dreaming.
It should be said that grammatically correct speech is not a talent given to a person from birth. Almost every one of us can easily begin to speak correctly. The main thing is that you have the desire and free time, the opportunity to work and improve your skills.
"If you cannot control your speech, then do not hope to control your mind." This is why correct speech is so important in everyday life.
Speech right and wrong
Correct speech with negative connotation means neglect of four types of harmful speech:
1. Lies
These are words spoken to distort the truth.
2. Harsh speech
It is pronounced when they want to hurt the feelings of the interlocutor.
3. Discordant speech
Pronounced with the intention of generating animosity between people.
4. Empty chatter
This is a spoken speech without any purpose at all.
Correct speech with a positive coloring means mastering such speech that will be open, harmonious and comfortable for you. Those around you will be more willing to listen to your words, owning such a speech. They are likely to reciprocate your questions and suggestions.
For many of us, the hardest part of practicing speaking correctly is expressing our sense of humor. We are used to joking with a bit of exaggeration and sarcasm, which is wrong in speech. People get used to this kind of frivolous humor and stop listening carefully to what we say. Thus, we belittle our own speech. But in fact, the world is full of irony and sarcasm. And we need to exaggerate things or be sarcastic. A good humorist is one who is able to look at ordinary things from an unusual angle.
When we show our sense of humor efficiently and intelligently, which requires much more effort, then it will be successfully appreciated by others.
Thus, pay attention to what you are saying and why you are saying it.
Learning to speak correctly
Now in many cities courses of correct speech are conducted. If you are puzzled about how to deliver a speech correctly, sign up for them. There you will be able to master the skills of cultural communication, get acquainted with the culture of correct speech and understand how to construct sentences to bring them in line with the norms of the Russian language. Both adults and children can attend such lessons of speech literacy. A child can improve their academic performance, increase self-confidence and gain respect from their peers. If your child has speech problems, explain to him that mastering the right speech is an important human asset that helps him in life, at work and in other areas of activity.
Correct speech lessons will help you not only improve your knowledge, but also succeed in a certain area. A person who speaks beautifully and at the same time is understandable to others will always be heard by the interlocutors - whether they are business partners or.
After a couple of lessons, you will see a positive result: the correct Russian speech in your communication will replace the super-fashionable words that tire the listener and do not command respect for the speaker. Because he uses them too often, forgetting that a good selection of competent words is the key to success in public speaking.
1. Your answers should be concise. Better to say no, yes, or of course than uh-huh or no-a. However, a monosyllabic answer always seems too direct, so it was a good idea to add a few more words.
2. Don't mumble or speak too fast. The manner of speaking characterizes a person no less than what he says.
3. Learn to pronounce words clearly. A person who mutters to himself does not make a very good impression. Sometimes it is an indicator of a lack of knowledge and culture.
5. Listen to how people speak, whose speech is literate and is considered a standard.
6. Encourage the use of proverbs, phraseological units, and sayings of the language in speech.
7. Study the origin of words, thereby developing your vocabulary.
8. Reading fiction will also help you improve your speech.
A pleasant voice, correct diction and the ability to build beautiful sentences are the basics of effective communication with people. It's no secret that our voice affects the feelings of the interlocutor, and figurative and literate speech easily reaches his consciousness and convinces. Therefore, it is so important to learn to speak beautifully and competently, correctly and clearly expressing your thoughts.
In everyday life, the ability to speak beautifully will also give you and help you easily solve any problems.
The human voice is a powerful tool in the development of interpersonal relationships. With the help of it, you can work wonders: repel or charm, attract attention, invigorate or lull. As a rule, the gift of eloquence is rarely given to someone by nature, usually there is a lot of work behind it. Therefore, if you want to speak beautifully, so that people want to listen to you, you have to practice.
Below are some tips and techniques thanks to which you can get rid of the dialect, master the basics of public speaking and learn to speak beautifully and correctly. First, try recording your voice on a voice recorder. Did you listen, how did you like it? Probably not very…. Stuttering, swallowing endings, unnecessary pauses and many other unpleasant moments are noticeable. Now it is clear what needs to be changed and what to work on to gain a beautiful speech. So let's get started.
Speech technique
It is divided into four subsections:
1. Breathing
The key to successful communication is impeccably delivered deep diaphragm breathing. This must be learned in order to reduce the pressure on the vocal apparatus, then the voice is deep and sounds beautiful. Many breathe shallowly, while the voice weakens, acquires a hoarse hue, becomes dissonant, gets tired quickly and sometimes even sits down.
When you are able to breathe properly, you will have a healthy glow on your cheeks and improve your overall well-being.
2. Diction
Good diction is the first condition for good speech. When you eat endings or sounds, speech sounds unintelligible. This happens due to the lethargy and stiffness of the lips. Because of this, burr, lisp and lisp appears. Speaking beautifully means pronouncing each word fluently, opening your mouth well for clear pronunciation. It is necessary to learn not to pronounce phrases too quickly or quickly, since the speed of thinking of your interlocutor may differ from yours, and it will seem to him that you speak illegibly.
3. Voice
And again breathing, because this is the basis of the sonority of the voice. To put a voice, you need to learn to breathe with a diaphragm and understand how to use resonators correctly. Sometimes you notice when you communicate a lot, your voice sits down, becomes hoarse, a sore throat appears, it becomes difficult for you to speak, and you lower your tone. But it can be made strong, sonorous, flexible, with a wide range of sound. But for this you will need to improve your speech technique, strengthen it and develop it.
4. Orthoepy
This science studies the laws and rules of correct pronunciation. Deviation from the rules leads to problems in communication, the listener ceases to understand what you are saying to him and does not perceive the information that you want to convey to him. Take a little time for spelling and your ability to express your thoughts beautifully, correctly placing emphasis even in difficult words, will definitely be appreciated by others.
Important! Before you start doing speech development exercises, do some exercises. Exercise improves blood circulation, warms up muscles, relieves physical and emotional tightness, relaxes the forearms, shoulders and neck, and all muscles that affect the voice.
Exercises:
- head tilts in different directions, head rotation in a circle;
- swings and circular movements with hands;
- turn and tilt the body in different directions, drawing circles with the hips.
After charging, you need to lie down on the mat and relax. Imagine a beautiful landscape, feel a light breeze, feel how the sun warms you and you breathe in the fresh air deeply.
You are now ready to practice.
Learning to breathe correctly
If you want to communicate beautifully and for a long time, so that the voice sounds and does not break out, you just need to learn how to include a diaphragm in the sound production process. It is located in the solar plexus region.
To get started, practice maintaining your posture using the wall exercise, doing it every day for 5 minutes for several weeks. Press your back against the wall with your whole body from head to toe. Inhale through your nose, exhale through your mouth. 6 very deep breaths. Inhale at 1,2,3,4 and exhale at 5,6,7.8. Then walk around the house at different speeds, while keeping your back position unchanged. Tell yourself more often: “I am brave and determined!”, To these words of conviction, your body will react with a straight back automatically.
Diaphragm breathing exercises
The ability to express yourself beautifully is only half the battle. You probably noticed that you want to listen to some people, but not others, albeit very smart ones. What is the matter then? You will be surprised, but in reality it is not what the person says, but how he does it. A pleasant timbre, correct abdominal breathing and the ability to pronounce phrases with different intonations can turn even the most boring speech into an exciting show. Below are 3 exercises that will help you master your voice.
Candle - trains a slow breath. Imagine that you are blowing on a candle, if it is difficult to imagine, then light a real one. Concentrate attention on your stomach. Exhale slowly, try to keep the light tilted.
Stubborn candle - take a deep breath, hold your breath a little, and then abruptly and forcefully begin to blow, trying to put in several such energetic exhalations in one breath.
Extinguishing 10 candles - the principle, as in the previous exercise, only we increase the number of candles from 3 to 10, spending less and less air to blow out the candles, and the amount of air inhaled, leaving the same.
After a few weeks of these exercises, you will notice how your diaphragm breathing has become automatic.
We put the voice
In order for your voice to be spacious and sound beautiful, you need to learn how to use the upper (skull, mouth and nose) and lower (chest) resonator systems. Breathe in shallowly from your stomach ten times. Take a short inhale and exhale slowly. And you can start exercising.
Moan- don't forget about posture. Say the M sound with closed lips. Pronounce it as you exhale, do not strain. Now start changing the position of your head by making the same sound. Gradually, you will begin to feel vibration in the upper resonator. Having mastered the sound "M", start attaching other vowels: oh-a-and-y-y, so that they sound like “mmmm-e-mmm-o-mmm-a-mmm-and-mmm-u-mmm-s ". When you have mastered this practice as well, move on to the continuous pronunciation of different variations of these sounds.
Tongue Twisters... Pronouncing tongue twisters is a really great way to hone your speech and master the art of speaking beautifully, pronouncing each letter clearly. Try to say the phrase: "aground, .. aground, aground, .. aground, aground, aground," while rubbing your forehead. We do the same with the words “we are lazy” - rubbing the nasal cartilage, “we caught burbot” - rubbing the cheeks.
Beep- straight posture, lips with a tube, as you exhale, pronounce the sound "U". Next, combine it with other vowel sounds. The main thing is not to change the position of the lips.
Poems - read them aloud and intoned using the middle tone. At the end of each line, inhale and pronounce the line as you exhale. I recommend on the Internet to find the poem "Reading Rules", which was written by A.V. Pryanishnikov. It is ideal for doing this exercise correctly.
We train diction
To get started, do a warm-up with the speech apparatus. Perform all these exercises 5-7 times.
- We close the mouth and relax. Say the sound "Y" a couple of times, pulling out oooo. Now A, slowly opening his mouth vertically, no more than 3 centimeters.
- Show your teeth. Close your jaws and stretch your lips in an unnatural smile.
- Fold your lips in a tube, jaws closed. Make circular movements with your lips up and down, from left to right. With the tip of the tongue we touch the lower row of teeth, open the mouth no wider than 3 cm.Now raise it to the upper palate, then to the left-right cheeks.
Now you can do articular gymnastics.
- Speak the vowels on one exhale, trying to use all the muscles: I-E-A-O-U-S. Gradually increase the speed of pronunciation and put several chords in one exhalation. After you master this link, start experimenting with others.
- Do the same with vowel sounds, substituting consonants for them. Example: Bi, ba, bo…. , bbc ..., bbbb .., bip, bp ..., then with the sound P, TD, KG, FV, M, N, L, R. GBdi .., Bdgi .., Ftki .., Mi-mi .., Mrli ... Do the same with whistling and hissing sounds S, W, F, W, Sh: Si-zis .., Zissi .., Zdi .., Sti .. etc. By connecting them into groups and combining them.
And also read as many tongue twisters as possible, they will perfectly help you to work out the vocal apparatus.
Orthoepy
Studying science, a set of rules for normative literary pronunciation, stress in words, beauty and sound of speech, as well as the rules for articulating sounds and phrases. Since the rules in spelling are countless, if you want to speak beautifully, pronouncing words correctly, you need to refer to the relevant literature.
We work with speech
You need to be able to correctly set the intonation in your speech, in order to learn this, it is best to practice expressive reading aloud of literary texts, recording on a dictaphone. Listen, analyze how correct it is, correct the shortcomings and read again. Do the same with an article from a newspaper, technical literature, or any other source. Bring life and brightness to your voice - start speaking correctly!
