Sea battle placing ships. Game Sea Battle: Ships of the Line online

A couple of days ago, I was surprised to learn that some of my friends do not know how to play sea battle. Those. Of course, they know the rules, but they play somehow haphazardly and in the end they often lose. In this post, I will try to outline the main ideas that will help you to improve the level of your game.

Rules of the game

There are many options for naval combat, but we will consider the most common option with the following set of ships:

All of the listed ships must be placed on a 10 by 10 square field, and the ships cannot touch either by their corners or sides. The playing field itself is numbered from top to bottom, and the verticals are marked with Russian letters from "A" to "K" (while the letters "E" and "Y" are omitted).

An enemy field of the same size is drawn next to it. With a successful shot at the enemy's ship, a cross is placed on the corresponding cell of the enemy field and a second shot is fired, with an unsuccessful shot, a dot is placed in the corresponding cell, and the turn goes to the enemy.

Optimal strategy

There is always an element of randomness in the sea battle game, but it can be minimized. Before proceeding directly to the search for the optimal strategy, it is necessary to voice one obvious thing: the probability of hitting an enemy ship is the higher, the fewer unchecked cells are left on his field, similarly, the probability of hitting your ships is the lower, the more unchecked cells are left on your field. That. For an effective game, you need to learn two things at once: optimal shooting at the enemy and optimal placement of your ships.

In the following explanation, the following conventions will be used:

Optimal shooting

The first and most obvious rule of optimal shooting is the following rule: do not shoot at the cells directly surrounding the destroyed enemy ship.

In accordance with the designations adopted above, in the figure those cells at which unsuccessful shots have already been fired are marked in yellow, cells at which the shots ended in a hit are marked in red, and cells that were not fired at are marked in green, but it can be guaranteed that the ships they are not (there cannot be ships there, because according to the rules of the game, ships cannot touch).

The second rule immediately follows from the first rule: if you managed to knock out an enemy ship, you must immediately finish it off in order to get a list of guaranteed free cells as soon as possible.

The third rule follows from the first two: it is necessary first of all to try to knock out the largest enemy ships. Perhaps this rule is not obvious to you, but if you think a little, you can easily notice that having destroyed an enemy battleship, we are in best case we get information immediately about 14 guaranteed free cells, and by destroying the cruiser, only about 12.

That. the optimal strategy of shooting can be reduced to a targeted search and destruction of the largest enemy ships. Unfortunately, it is not enough to formulate a strategy; it is necessary to propose a way to implement it.

First, let's look at a section of the playing field measuring 4 by 4 cells. If there is an enemy battleship in the area under consideration, then it is guaranteed that it can be knocked out in no more than 4 shots. To do this, you need to shoot so that on each horizontal and vertical there is exactly one checked cell. all variants of such shooting are presented below (excluding reflections and turns).

Among all these options, only the first two options are optimal on a 10 by 10 squares field, guaranteeing hitting the battleship in a maximum of 24 shots.

After the enemy battleship is destroyed, you need to start looking for cruisers, and then destroyers. In this case, as you may have guessed, you can use a similar technique. Only now it is necessary to divide the field into squares with sides of 3 and 2 cells, respectively.

If you used the second strategy when searching for a battleship, then to search for cruisers and destroyers you need to shoot at the following fields (green fields are marked at which you have already fired when searching for a battleship):

There is no optimal strategy for finding boats, so at the end of the game you have to rely mainly on luck.

Optimal ship placement

The optimal ship placement strategy is in a sense the opposite of the optimal firing strategy. When shooting, we tried to find the largest ships in order to reduce the number of cells that need to be checked, at the expense of guaranteed free cells. This means that when placing the ships, they must be placed in such a way that, in the event of their loss, the number of guaranteed free cells is minimized. As you remember, the battleship in the center of the field opens 14 fields for the enemy at once, but the battleship standing in the corner opens only 6 fields for the enemy:

Likewise, a cruiser in the corner opens only 6 fields instead of 12 fields. Thus, by placing large ships along the border of the field, you leave more room for boats. Because There is no strategy for finding boats, the enemy will have to shoot at random, and the more free fields you have by the time you catch the boats, the harder it will be for the enemy to win.

Below are three ways to place large ships that leave plenty of room for boats (blue):

Each of the given arrangements leaves exactly 60 free spaces for the boats, which means that the probability of accidentally hitting the boat is 0.066. For comparison, it is worth giving a random arrangement of ships:

With this arrangement, there are only 21 cells left for the boats, which means that the probability of hitting the boat is already 0.19, i.e. almost 3 times higher.

In conclusion, I want to say that you should not spend too much time playing naval combat. I especially want to warn you against playing in lectures. When I was sitting in Wabi-Sabi and playing naval combat with my girlfriend, a waitress walked by and said that she was playing very well, because practiced a lot in pairs. Who knows who she would have worked if she had attended lectures at one time?

P.S. In the comments it is absolutely true that there were already similar publications on Habré, it would be wrong not to put links to them.

Do you play naval combat but don't always win? Then you are probably interested in learning how to significantly increase your chances of winning, how to place ships correctly, how to quickly destroy enemy ships and, of course, how to win the game Sea battle !

Rules of the game "Sea Battle"

There are many options for naval combat, but we will consider the most common option with the following set of ships:

How to win the game Sea Battle

There is always an element of randomness in the sea battle game, but it can be minimized. Before proceeding directly to the search for the optimal strategy, it is necessary to voice one obvious thing: the probability of hitting an enemy ship is the higher, the fewer unchecked cells are left on his field, similarly, the probability of hitting your ships is the lower, the more unchecked cells are left on your field. Thus, for an effective game, you need to learn two things at once: optimal shooting at the enemy and optimal placement of your ships.

In the following explanation, the following conventions will be used:

How to shoot enemy ships

The first and most obvious rule of optimal shooting is the following rule: do not shoot at the cells directly surrounding the destroyed enemy ship.

The third rule follows from the first two: it is necessary first of all to try to knock out the largest enemy ships. Perhaps this rule is not obvious to you, but if you think a little, you can easily notice that by destroying an enemy battleship, at best, we will receive information at once about 14 guaranteed free cells, and by destroying a cruiser, only about 12.

Optimal shooting strategy

Among all these options, only the first two options are optimal on a 10 by 10 squares field, guaranteeing hitting the battleship in a maximum of 24 shots.

There is no optimal strategy for finding boats, so at the end of the game you have to rely mainly on luck.

Sequence of best moves to start the game

If you turn to mathematical theory, then you can build a map of the probability of placing ships:

Based on this map, best move sequence with constant misses, it looks like this (see figure):

C1, J8, A8, H1, A4, J4, D10, G10, E1, D2, B3, A2, C9, B10, H9, I10, I7, J6, I5, H6, J2, I3, H4, G5, G2, F3, E4, B7, A6, B5, C6, C3, D4, D5, F6.

How to arrange ships

"Sea Battle" is an exciting and simple game which does not require special devices and special knowledge. It can be played both on a computer and on paper, and once only the second option was used, since there was no other possibility. Not everyone knows how to play Sea Battle, because either there was no opportunity to learn, or there was no “teacher”. In any case, such knowledge can come in handy. The rules of the game "Sea Battle" are simple, any person can remember them, regardless of age and level of intelligence.

General

The game "Sea Battle" has long conquered many people. It is interesting, exciting, and most importantly, it does not require any expenses. To play with a person together, you will need two sheets of paper in a cage (preferably) and two pens (or 2 pencils).

"Sea Battle" is useful not only because it allows you to have a good time. The game also promotes the development of strategic thinking and intuition. If you know each other with a person, you have the opportunity to apply information about the enemy. For example, your assumptions about how he might have put the ships so that it would be difficult to find them, how you would have put if you were in his place, can be confirmed and help to win.

Rules

Well, you can get down to the main part. Now you will learn how to play Sea Battle:

1. First you need to draw two 10x10 squares on a sheet of paper (of course, drawing is easier on a sheet of paper). Then, in both figures, put on the top row the letters from A to K (from left to right, omitting E and Y), and to the left of the squares - numbers from 1 to 10 (from top to bottom).

2. On the left square you need to place:

1 ship, consisting of 4 cells;
2 ships, consisting of 3 cells;
3 ships, consisting of 2 cells;
4 ships, consisting of the 1st cell.

Ships cannot touch each other either by sides or corners. It is important that there is at least one free cell between them. The ships can touch the edges of the playing field, and they must be located only vertically and horizontally (not diagonally).

The right square must remain empty.

3. The goal of each player is to destroy enemy ships. The one who goes first (by agreement or by chance (using a lot)), calls the coordinates (letter-number), looking at the right empty square. For example, E7. The opponent looks at his left drawing, where his ships are located, and replies:

a) past;
b) wounded;
c) killed.

The first option means that the player got into an empty cell, that is, he didn't get anywhere. He marks this place in his right square so as not to select it a second time (most often with a cross, but any other in a convenient way), while the turn goes to the second player.

The second option means that the player got into a multi-deck ship (occupying from 2 to 4 cells). Having marked the right place in his card, a person has the right to the next move until he misses. So, if after shouting E7 the answer "wounded" followed, the player can name either E6, or G7, or E8, or D7 to finish off the wounded ship (by the way, this is not necessary, you can temporarily leave it alone and look for others) ... The second player again answers "missed", "injured" or "killed".

The third option means that the enemy ship is destroyed. If this happened from the first move, it means that it was single-deck (consisting of one cell), which can be called a great success. If from the second (for example, after E7 the player said E6), then double-deck, etc. After knocking down the ship, as well as after being wounded, the player walks until he receives the answer "by".

4. The move passes from one player to another in case of a miss and is delayed by one of the opponents in case of a successful hit. The winner is the person who is the first to find and destroy all enemy ships.

Other variations

There is "Sea Battle" on paper, and sometimes on the computer, as mentioned earlier. And if for the first option you need a real, live opponent, then in the latter case you can play with robots. True, firstly, it will not be so interesting (the enemy's reaction when you sink his ship is priceless), and secondly, the possibility of peeping into the enemy's fleet is absolutely excluded (we all understand that some people try to cheat).

One way or another, it is not difficult to come up with other, more advanced versions of the game, it all depends on the imagination of the players and their desire / ability to experiment. It is important to immediately clarify all the rules, because if not every person understands how to play Sea Battle, the rules of which you have invented, nothing good will come of it, a quality game will not work.

For example, you can add more cells to the "battlefield" (not 10x10, but 20x20, for example), and then either leave the number of ships or increase them. You can complicate the task so much that all the ships that the enemy needs to find are single-deck. You can make mines, upon hitting which the enemy misses one turn. There are a lot of options, the main thing is to know in all measure.

Conclusion

That's all, now you've met new game and you know its rules. The question "how to play" Sea Battle "" must be settled. From now on, you and your friends will have something to do during boring lessons / lectures or at work, if you have the opportunity to be close to each other and write on sheets of paper.

Incredible popular game on paper. And although now there are special play sets for " Sea battle", As well as a lot of computer implementations, classic version on a piece of paper remains the most popular.

The goal of the game is to sink enemy ships before he has time to sink yours.

Rules of the game " Sea battle»

Two players are playing. Each of them needs a piece of paper (preferably in a cage), pencil or pen. The game begins with the preparation of the field. Two 10 × 10 squares are drawn on a piece of paper. On one of them their ships will be deployed, in the other they will "fire" at enemy ships. The sides of the squares are signed with letters horizontally and numbers vertically. It is necessary to agree in advance which letters will be written (the main disputes arise as to whether or not to use the letter "E"). By the way, in some schools, instead of a boring alphabet, they write the word “ REPUBLIC"- it just contains 10 non-repeating letters. This is especially useful for those who have never mastered the alphabet.

Arrangement of ships

Next, the placement of the fleets begins. Classic rules sea battle they say that there should be 4 ships in one cell (" single-deck" or " one-pipe"), 3 ships with 2 cells each, 2 with 3 cells and one with four decks. All ships must be straight, curved and "diagonal" are not allowed. The ships are located on the playing field in such a way that there is always a gap of one cell between them, that is, they should not touch each other either by their sides or corners. In this case, ships can touch the edges of the field and occupy corners.

A game

When the ships are placed, the players take turns firing "shots", naming the squares by their "coordinates": "A1", "B6", etc. If the square is occupied by a ship or a part of it, the enemy must answer "wounded" or "killed "(" Sunk "). This cell is crossed out with a cross and one more shot can be made. If there is no ship in the named cell, a point is placed in the cell and the move goes to the opponent.

The game is played until the complete victory of one of the players, that is, until all the ships are sunk. At the end of the game, the loser can ask the winner to look at his ship placement.

Craftsmanship

If you think that sea battle- a game built solely on luck and luck, then you are wrong. In fact, it has both strategy and tactics, which we will talk about in the conclusion. So - about the tricks as well as various honest and not very fair methods of playing sea battle:

First of all (and this is the most important thing!), You need to keep your sheet with ships so that the enemy could not spy your location;
Be sure to keep track of your own and others' moves, noting them dots... This will exclude shots at the same cells;
After sinking an enemy ship, also surround it with dots so as not to shoot at places where there are obviously no ships;
Do not put ships in the corners of the field: usually beginners shoot at them first. However, exceptions will be discussed below;
It is necessary to develop a strategy for the placement. A good result is the uneven distribution of ships: collect all the "big" ships in one or two dense groupings, and hide the remaining "single-decks" separately in secret places of the playing field. In this case, the enemy will quickly calculate and defeat the group. big ships, and then will search for the remaining little ones for a long time;
After killing a large ship, the enemy surrounds it with dots. So, having found “ four-decker", The opponent immediately opens (4 + 1 + 1) * 3 = 18 cells (that is, 18% or almost 1/5 of the field). " Three-decker"Gives 15 cells (15%)," double-decker"- 12%, and" single-deck" - nine%. If you put the "four-deck" against the wall, then it will open only 12 cells (10 for a three-deck, 8 for a two-deck). If you put the “four-deck” in the corner, it will only open 10 cells (8, 6 and 4, respectively). Of course, if the enemy realizes that all the ships are on the edge, he will quickly sink them. Therefore, it is best to use this advice in conjunction with the previous one.
Shooting tactics can also vary. However, the best way to start the destruction of enemy ships is to search for a "four-deck". To do this, you can shoot diagonally, or draw a diamond, or shoot through 3 cells to the fourth. As soon as a four-deck ship is found, we are looking for a three-deck one, then two ... Of course, in the search process, "every little thing" will come across and make adjustments to the plans.
And here is the dishonest way: to arrange all the ships, except for the last single-deck (it will act as a submarine "Elusive"). And he will be placed (and killed) only in the last remaining cell. Dealing with this is easy enough: have the players arrange the ships in one color, and fire in another. It is possible, for example, for players to have pens or pencils different colors and after placing the ships, just change the handles.

Did you think that aviation is involved in this battle? No, but there is a ship of a very bizarre shape. In total, 9 ships take part in the battle, which are shown in the figure. The rest of the rules of the game are the same as usual.

Sea battle with mines

In addition to ships, 3 mines are placed on the field (they are designated by circles). Moreover, mines may well be located next to ships. If a player hits a mine with a shot, it means that his ship was literally blown up by a mine and it is necessary to inform the enemy of the coordinates of one of his ships, considering it sunk. The player himself chooses which ship to "donate", you can give not only unharmed, but already wounded ships.

The rest of the rules are the same as usual. However, if you play with aircraft carriers, then when a ship is wounded, it is necessary to inform the enemy which ship was wounded. For example: "Two-deck wounded."

Advice. If you play sea battle with mines, when you miss it is better to say not “by”, but “water”, since the words “by” and “mine” are very consonant.

“In a volley! Pali!"

This "Sea Battle" is much more difficult than the previous ones. In one move, the player makes 3 shots at once. In response, "fired" names the ships that came under fire (if any), but does not give the exact coordinates. For example: "One hit on a four-deck and one on a two-deck, a third shot missed." The exact coordinates are reported only when the ship is completely destroyed, while the wounded ships need to be looked for on their own.

Trying to find and sink the wounded three-decker ships, one should not forget that you can accidentally find another three-deck one - that is, it is important not to mislead yourself by interpreting the accuracy of your volleys. For example, in the above figure, a three-deck ship was wounded by the first salvo (black dots). The next volley (red dots) - again the three-deck is wounded, and now all six cells should be "under suspicion", and not just the two that are nearby.

Players shoot strictly in turn, even if all three shots were successful.

“In a volley! Pali!" - 2

In this variant of "Sea Battle" in one turn, the player fires as many shots as he has ships afloat. To equalize the chances of opponents, first, each player fires a volley, then the results are summed up with the message of the coordinates of the hits.

How to win at Sea Battle

How best to arrange the ships

As you know, large ships are most quickly detected by the enemy, and submarines or single-deck ships usually remain "for a snack". Therefore, there is no point in "hiding" large ships, but it is worth making it difficult for the enemy to search for submarines. This can be done by placing your "naval forces" very compactly (see Figure 1): more than half of the field remains for four submarines (60 cells highlighted in blue)! If the ships are placed arbitrarily, the submarines are left with much less space"For maneuvers": for example, in Figure 2, there are only 29 cells left for submarines.


Rice. one	Rice. 2

While the enemy is on the prowl in search of your little ships (you have to be lucky to destroy them in less than 30 shots), you will surely destroy his fleet.

Shooting tactics

Since with each sunk ship the search area for the rest is noticeably narrowed, it is necessary first of all to focus on the destruction of large ships, which are always easier to find. Therefore, first we fire at the enemy's field diagonally with a distance of 3 cells (red cells in the picture) - a four-deck ship will not hide from such "mortar bursts". Along the way, you will probably come across smaller ships.

As soon as the four-deck is sunk, you can proceed to more frequent fire (yellow cells in the figure), literally sweeping away the remaining two-deck and three-deck ships from the enemy field. After such a heavy fire, all that remains is to "probe" the cages on which the surviving submarines can hide.