Naval battle arrangement of ships. Game Sea Battle: Battleships online

A couple of days ago I was surprised to learn that some of my friends do not know how to play sea battle. Those. Of course, they know the rules, but they play somehow haphazardly and as a result often lose. In this post, I will try to outline the main ideas that will help you level up your game.

Rules of the game

There are many options for naval combat, but we will consider the most common option with the following set of ships:

All listed ships must be placed on a 10 by 10 square field, and the ships cannot touch either corners or sides. The playing field itself is numbered from top to bottom, and the verticals are marked with Russian letters from "A" to "K" (the letters "Yo" and "Y" are skipped).

An enemy field of the same size is drawn nearby. In case of a successful shot at the enemy ship, a cross is placed on the corresponding cell of the enemy field and a second shot is fired;

Optimal Strategy

There is always an element of randomness in the game of naval combat, but it can be minimized. Before proceeding directly to the search for the optimal strategy, it is necessary to state one obvious thing: the probability of hitting an enemy ship is higher, the fewer unchecked cells are left on its field, similarly, the probability of hitting your ships is the lower, the more unchecked cells are left on your field. That. to play effectively, you need to learn two things at once: optimal shooting at the enemy and optimal placement of your ships.

In the following explanation, the following notation will be used:

Optimal Shooting

The first and most obvious rule for optimal shooting is the following rule: do not shoot at the cells directly surrounding the destroyed enemy ship.

In accordance with the notation adopted above, in the figure those cells are marked in yellow, on which unsuccessful shots have already been fired, cells on which shots ended in a hit are marked in red, and cells on which no shooting was carried out are marked in green, but it can be guaranteed that the ships there are no ships in them (ships cannot be there, because according to the rules of the game, ships cannot touch each other).

The second rule immediately follows from the first rule: if you managed to knock out an enemy ship, you must immediately finish it off in order to get a list of guaranteed free cells as soon as possible.

The third rule follows from the first two: you must first try to knock out the largest enemy ships. Perhaps this rule is not obvious to you, but if you think a little, you can easily notice that after destroying an enemy battleship, we are in best case we will immediately get information about 14 guaranteed free cells, and after destroying the cruiser, about 12 in total.

That. the optimal firing strategy can be reduced to a targeted search and destruction of the largest enemy ships. Unfortunately, it is not enough to formulate a strategy, it is necessary to propose a way to implement it.

To begin with, let's consider a 4 by 4 cell area of the playing field. If there is an enemy battleship in the area under consideration, then it is guaranteed to be knocked out in no more than 4 shots. To do this, you need to shoot in such a way that there is exactly one checked cell on each horizontal and vertical. below are all options for such shooting (excluding reflections and turns).

Among all these options, only the first two options are optimal on a field of 10 by 10 cells, guaranteeing a hit in a battleship in a maximum of 24 shots.

After the enemy battleship is destroyed, it is necessary to start searching for cruisers, and then destroyers. In this case, as you may have guessed, you can use a similar technique. Only now it is necessary to divide the field into squares with a side of 3 and 2 cells, respectively.

If you used the second strategy when searching for a battleship, then to search for cruisers and destroyers you need to shoot at the following fields (green indicates the fields that you have already fired at when searching for a battleship):

There is no optimal strategy for finding boats, so at the end of the game you have to rely mainly on luck.

Optimal ship placement

The optimal strategy for placing ships is in some sense the reverse of the optimal strategy for firing. When shooting, we tried to find the largest ships in order to reduce the number of cells that need to be checked at the expense of guaranteed free cells. This means that when placing ships, they must be placed in such a way that, in case of their loss, the number of guaranteed free cells is minimized. As you remember, the battleship in the center of the field opens 14 fields for the enemy at once, but the battleship standing in the corner opens only 6 fields for the enemy:

Similarly, a cruiser standing in a corner opens only 6 fields instead of 12. Thus, by placing large ships along the field boundary, you leave more room for boats. Because there is no strategy for finding boats, the enemy will have to shoot at random, and the more free fields you have left by the time you catch the boats, the harder it will be for the enemy to win.

Below are three ways to place capital ships that leave a lot of room for boats (marked in blue):

Each of the above arrangements leaves exactly 60 free cells for boats, which means that the probability of accidentally hitting a boat is 0.066. For comparison, it is worth giving a random arrangement of ships:

With this arrangement, only 21 cells remain for boats, which means that the probability of hitting a boat is already 0.19, i.e. almost 3 times higher.

In conclusion, I want to say that you should not spend too much time playing sea battle. I especially want to warn you against playing in lectures. When I was sitting in Wabi Sabi and playing sea battle with my girlfriend, a waitress walked by and said that she plays quite well, because. I practiced a lot in pairs. Who knows what she would have worked for if she had listened to lectures at one time?

P.S. The comments absolutely correctly indicate that there were already similar publications on Habré, it would be wrong not to put links to them.

Do you play sea battle but don't always win? Then you are probably interested in learning how to significantly increase your chances of winning, how to place ships correctly, how to quickly destroy enemy ships and, of course, how to win the game sea battle !

Rules of the game "Sea Battle"

There are many options for naval combat, but we will consider the most common option with the following set of ships:

An enemy field of the same size is drawn nearby. In case of a successful shot at the enemy ship, a cross is placed on the corresponding cell of the enemy field and a second shot is fired; Optimal Strategy

How to win in the game Sea Battle

There is always an element of randomness in the game of naval combat, but it can be minimized. Before proceeding directly to the search for the optimal strategy, it is necessary to voice one obvious thing: the probability of hitting an enemy ship is higher, the fewer unchecked cells are left on its field, similarly, the probability of hitting your ships is lower, the more unchecked cells are left on your field. Thus, for an effective game, you need to learn two things at once: optimal shooting at the enemy and optimal placement of your ships.

In the following explanation, the following notation will be used:

How to shoot at enemy ships

The first and most obvious rule for optimal shooting is the following rule: do not shoot at the cells directly surrounding the destroyed enemy ship.

The third rule follows from the first two: you must first try to knock out the largest enemy ships. Perhaps this rule is not obvious to you, but if you think a little, you can easily notice that by destroying an enemy battleship, at best, we will immediately receive information about 14 guaranteed free cells, and by destroying a cruiser, only about 12.

Optimal shooting strategy

Among all these options, only the first two options are optimal on a field of 10 by 10 cells, guaranteeing a hit in a battleship in a maximum of 24 shots.

There is no optimal strategy for finding boats, so at the end of the game you have to rely mainly on luck.

Sequence of the best moves to start the game

If you turn to mathematical theory, then you can build a map of the probability of placing ships:

Based on this map, sequence of "best moves" with constant misses, it looks like this (see figure):

C1, J8, A8, H1, A4, J4, D10, G10, E1, D2, B3, A2, C9, B10, H9, I10, I7, J6, I5, H6, J2, I3, H4, G5, G2, F3, E4, B7, A6, B5, C6, C3, D4, D5, F6.

How to arrange ships

"Sea battle" - fascinating and simple game, which does not require special devices and special knowledge. It can be played both on a computer and on paper, and only the second option was once used, since there was no other possibility. Not everyone knows how to play Sea Battle, because either there was no opportunity to learn, or there was no “teacher”. In any case, such knowledge can be useful. The rules of the game "Sea Battle" are simple, anyone can remember them, regardless of age and level of intelligence.

General

The game "Sea Battle" has long conquered many people. It is interesting, exciting, and most importantly - does not require any costs. To play with a person together, you will need two sheets of paper in a cage (preferably) and two pens (or 2 pencils).

"Battleship" is useful not only because it allows you to have a good time. The game also contributes to the development of strategic thinking and intuition. If you and the person know each other, you have the opportunity to use information about the enemy. For example, your assumptions about how he could place the ships so that they are hard to find, how you would place if you were in his place, can be confirmed and help win.

Rules

Well, you can proceed to the main part. Now you will learn how to play Sea Battle:

1. First you need to draw two squares of 10x10 cells on a piece of paper (of course, it’s easier to draw on a sheet in a cell). Then, in both figures, put down the letters from A to K on the top row (from left to right, skipping E and Y), and to the left of the squares - the numbers from 1 to 10 (top to bottom).

2. On the left square you need to place:

1 ship, consisting of 4 cells;
2 ships, consisting of 3 cells;
3 ships, consisting of 2 cells;
4 ships, consisting of 1 cell.

Ships cannot touch each other either on the sides or on the corners. It is important that there is at least one free cell between them. Ships can touch the edges of the playing field, and they must be located only vertically and horizontally (not diagonally).

The right square must remain empty.

3. The goal of each player is to destroy enemy ships. The one who goes first (by agreement or by chance (using lots)), calls the coordinates (letter-number), looking at the right empty square. For example, E7. The opponent looks at his left drawing, where his ships are located, and answers:

a) past;
b) injured;
c) killed.

The first option means that the player has landed on an empty cell, that is, he has not landed anywhere. He marks this place in his right square so as not to choose it a second time (most often with a cross, but you can use any other convenient way), while the turn passes to the second player.

The second option means that the player got into a multi-deck ship (occupying from 2 to 4 cells). Having marked the right place on his card, a person has the right to the next move until he misses. So, if after shouting E7 the answer “wounded” followed, the player can call either E6, or F7, or E8, or D7 to finish off the wounded ship (by the way, this is not necessary, you can temporarily leave it alone and look for others) . The second player again answers "by", "wounded" or "killed".

The third option means that the enemy ship has been destroyed. If this happened from the first move, then it was single-deck (consisting of one cell), which can be called a great success. If from the second (for example, after E7 the player said E6), then it is double-deck, etc. After knocking out the ship, as well as after being wounded, the player moves until he receives the answer "by".

4. The turn passes from one player to another in case of a miss and is delayed by one of the opponents in case of a successful hit. The person who first finds and destroys all enemy ships wins.

Other variations

Sometimes "Battleship" is on paper, and sometimes on a computer, as mentioned earlier. And if for the first option you need a real, live opponent, then in the latter case you can play with robots. True, firstly, it will not be so interesting (the reaction of the enemy when you sink his ship is priceless), and secondly, the opportunity to peep into the enemy fleet is absolutely excluded (we all understand that some people strive to cheat).

One way or another, it is not difficult to come up with other, more advanced versions of the game, it all depends on the imagination of the players and their desire / ability to experiment. It is important to immediately clarify all the rules, because if it is not clear to every person how to play the Sea Battle, the rules of which you came up with, nothing good will come of it, a quality game will not work.

For example, you can add more cells to the "battlefield" (not 10x10, but 20x20, for example), and then either leave the number of ships or increase them. You can complicate the task so much that all the ships that the enemy needs to find are single-deck. You can make mines, when hit on which the enemy misses one turn. There are a lot of options, the main thing is to know everything in moderation.

Conclusion

That's it, now you've met new game and you know its rules. The question "how to play Sea Battle" should be settled. From now on, you and your friends will have something to do during boring lessons / lectures or at work, if there is an opportunity to be close to each other and write on sheets of paper.

Incredible popular game on the paper. And although now there are special game sets for " Naval battle", as well as a lot of computer implementations, classic version on the leaf remains the most sought after.

The goal of the game is to sink the enemy's ships before they can sink yours.

Rules of the game " sea battle»

Two players play. Each of them needs a piece of paper (preferably in a cage), a pencil or a pen. The game begins with the preparation of the field. Two squares of 10 × 10 cells are drawn on the sheet. On one of them, their ships will be placed, in the other, "fire" will be fired at enemy ships. The sides of the squares are signed with letters horizontally and numbers vertically. It is necessary to agree in advance which letters will be written (the main disputes arise whether or not to use the letter “Yo”). By the way, in some schools, instead of the boring alphabet, they write the word " REPUBLIC"- it just contains 10 non-repeating letters. This is especially useful for those who have not mastered the alphabet.

Arrangement of ships

Next, the deployment of fleets begins. Classic Rules sea battle they say that there should be 4 ships in one cell (“ single-deck" or " single-pipe”), 3 ships of 2 cells, 2 - of 3 cells and one - four-deck. All ships must be straight, no curved or "diagonal" allowed. The ships are placed on the playing field in such a way that there is always a gap of one cell between them, that is, they should not touch each other either by the sides or by the corners. In this case, ships can touch the edges of the field and occupy corners.

The game

When the ships are placed, the players take turns making "shots", naming the squares according to their "coordinates": "A1", "B6", etc. If the cell is occupied by a ship or part of it, the enemy must answer "wounded" or "killed "("sunk"). This cell is crossed out with a cross and you can make one more shot. If there is no ship in the named cell, a dot is placed in the cell and the turn passes to the opponent.

The game is played until the complete victory of one of the players, that is, until all the ships are sunk. At the end of the game, the loser can ask the winner to look at his ship placement.

Mastery

If you think that sea battle- a game built solely on luck and luck, then you are mistaken. In fact, it has both strategy and tactics, which we will talk about in conclusion. So - about tricks as well as various honest and not very fair methods of playing in sea battle:

First of all (and this is the most important thing!), it is necessary to keep your sheet of ships in such a way that the enemy couldn't peep your location;
Be sure to keep a record of your own and other people's moves, marking them dots. So shots on the same cells will be excluded;
Having sunk an enemy ship, also surround it with dots so as not to shoot at places where there are obviously no ships;
You should not put ships in the corners of the field: usually beginners shoot at them first of all. However, exceptions will be discussed below;
It is necessary to develop a strategy for placement. A good result is the uneven distribution of ships: collect all the "large" ships in one or two dense groups, and hide the remaining "one-deck" ships separately in secret places on the playing field. In this case, the enemy will quickly figure out and defeat the grouping. big ships, and then it will take a long time to look for the remaining small ones;
After killing a large ship, the enemy surrounds it with dots. So, finding four-deck”, the enemy immediately opens (4 + 1 + 1) * 3 = 18 cells (that is, 18% or almost 1/5 of the field). " Three-deck" gives 15 cells (15%), " double decker" - 12%, and " one-deck" - nine%. If you put the “four-deck” against the wall, then it will allow you to open only 12 cells (10 for a three-deck, 8 for a two-deck). If you put the "four-deck" in general in a corner, it will allow you to open only 10 cells (8, 6 and 4, respectively). Of course, if the enemy realizes that all the ships are on the edge, he will quickly sink them. Therefore, it is better to use this advice in combination with the previous one.
Shooting tactics can also be different. However, the destruction of enemy ships is best to start with the search for a "four-deck". To do this, you can shoot diagonally, or draw a rhombus, or shoot through 3 cells on the fourth. As soon as a four-deck ship is found, we look for three-deck ones, then two ... Of course, in the process of searching, “every little thing” will come across and make adjustments to the plans.
And here is a dishonest way: to arrange all the ships, except for the last one-deck ship (it will act as the Elusive submarine). And he will be placed (and killed) only in the last remaining cell. Dealing with this is easy enough: let the players arrange the ships in one color, and fire in another. It is possible, for example, for players to have pens or pencils different colors and after placing the ships, just change handles.

Did you think that aviation is involved in this battle? No, but there is a ship of a very bizarre shape. In total, 9 ships take part in the battle, which are shown in the figure. The rest of the rules of the game are the same as usual.

Naval battle with mines

In addition to ships, 3 mines are placed on the field (they are indicated by circles). Moreover, the mines may well be located next to the ships. If a player hits a mine with a shot, it means that his ship was literally blown up by a mine and it is necessary to inform the enemy of the coordinates of one of his ships, considering it sunk. The player himself chooses which ship to "sacrifice", you can give away not only unharmed, but also already wounded ships.

The rest of the rules are the same as usual. However, if you play with aircraft carriers, then when a ship is wounded, it is necessary to inform the enemy which ship is wounded. For example: "Double-deck wounded."

Advice. If you play a sea battle with mines, when you miss, it’s better to say not “past”, but “water”, since the words “past” and “mine” are very consonant.

"Shoot! Pali!"

This "Sea Battle" is much more difficult than the previous ones. In one turn, the player makes 3 shots at once. In response, "under fire" names the ships that came under fire (if any), but does not report the exact coordinates. For example: "One hit in a four-deck and one in a two-deck, the third shot missed." The exact coordinates are reported only when the ship is completely destroyed, while the wounded ships must be searched for on their own.

Trying to find and sink the wounded three-deck ships, one should not forget that you can accidentally find another three-deck - that is, it is important not to mislead yourself by interpreting the accuracy of your volleys. For example, in the figure above, a three-deck ship was wounded by the first salvo (black dots). The next volley (red dots) - the three-deck one was again wounded, and now all six cells should be "under suspicion", and not just those two that are nearby.

Players shoot strictly in turn, even if all three shots were successful.

"Shoot! Pali!" – 2

In this variant of "Naval battle" in one turn, the player makes as many shots as he has ships afloat. To equalize the chances of opponents, first each player makes a volley, then the results are summed up with the message of the coordinates of the hits.

How to win at Sea Battle

How best to arrange the ships

As you know, large ships are most quickly detected by the enemy, and submarines, or single-deck boats, usually remain “for a snack”. Therefore, it makes no sense to "hide" large ships, but it is worth making it difficult for the enemy to search for submarines. You can do this by placing your “naval forces” very compactly (see Figure 1): there are more than half of the field left for four submarines (60 cells highlighted in blue)! If the ships are arranged arbitrarily, the submarines have much less space“for maneuvers”: for example, in Figure 2, only 29 cells remain for submarines.


Rice. one	Rice. 2

While the enemy is scouring for your small ships (you have to be lucky to destroy them in less than 30 shots), you will surely smash his fleet.

Shooting tactics

Since with each sunken ship the search area for the rest narrows noticeably, you should first of all focus on destroying large ships, which are always easier to find. Therefore, first we fire at the enemy’s field diagonally with a distance of 3 cells (red cells in the figure) - a four-deck ship will not hide from such “mortar bursts”. Along the way, smaller boats will probably come across.

As soon as the four-deck is sunk, you can move on to more frequent fire (yellow cells in the figure), literally sweeping the remaining two-deck and three-deck ships from the enemy field. After such heavy fire, all that remains is to "probe" the cells on which the surviving submarines can hide.