Using the residual life of the cultivator share and tine. How to make a manual cultivator with your own hands Here it is worth considering a number of factors
Cultivator you need it if you want get rid of heavy mechanical work on your land. Ease of use, versatility, compactness and low price - thanks to these advantages, the cultivator has become indispensable in a small private farm or in the country.
With the help of a cultivator, you can easily and quickly cultivate a small plot of land, cultivate hard-to-reach places (alpine hills, land near the fence, etc.). Cultivators are widely available in garden equipment stores.
The cultivator can be made independently from simple materials.
The cost of a homemade cultivator will be several times lower than that of a store one.
Types of cultivators
Consider views cultivators. The main parameters to pay attention to are the weight of the mechanism and its power.
Heavy
Heavy mechanisms weigh up to 60 kg and power reaches 6 hp. Such cultivators are equipped with their own engine, or are attached to a walk-behind tractor.
For more information about the work of a heavy cultivator, see the video:
Average
Medium mechanisms are the most common type in private households. Their weight is 45-60 kg, power is from 4 to 6 hp. The soil is cultivated to a depth of 25-28 cm.
Lungs
Lightweight mechanisms are characterized by reduced weight (up to 40 kg). They cultivate the land to a shallower depth - up to 18 cm.
Medium and light mechanisms can be assembled by hand using minimal technical knowledge.
Device
We select the power of the cultivator. Power is perhaps the most important parameter. The larger it is, the higher the working speed and the greater the plowing depth. But along with the power, both the weight of the unit and its price increase.
Much depends on the material for the knives. The better the material, the longer the service life, the better the quality of work.
In the subsidiary plots are used hand cultivators, they are the easiest to make, repair or replace. For their manufacture, parts and materials from other failed mechanisms are often used, which allows you to save on materials.
The cultivator can be used not only by itself, but also complete with a walk-behind tractor - then the cultivator is used as a replaceable attachment.
How to do it yourself?
Before making the cultivator, treat metal parts against corrosion. If you do not carry out such processing, metal parts will quickly rust from frequent contact with the soil. If treated with a special anti-corrosion compound, then the device will serve you much longer.
For the manufacture of the working part, square steel plates are taken. The size can be different, for a walk-behind tractor it is 150 * 150 mm. For cutters, plates 25 * 4 cm are taken.
We drill a hole in each plate. Join both inserts (square and rectangular) together in pairs to make them look like a cutter.
Bolts are used for fastening.
If you use welding, the product will not be as reliable.
After you have connected the plates, make another hole and secure them to the steel pipe. We need two pipes, fastened together with cutters. After that the pipe can be attached to the shaft of the walk-behind tractor.
In this case, you can use such motoblocks as: Cayman Vario, Cayman 320, Patriot Ural, Texas, Foreman, Crossser, Viking, Forza, Sadko, Don, Hooter, Profi, Plowman, Champion, Carver and other models.
Simple cultivator models can be made without a blueprint, especially with engineering experience. It is advisable to assemble more complex models of cultivators for a walk-behind tractor for a walk-behind tractor according to drawings indicating all the required dimensions.
Weeding
A do-it-yourself weeding cultivator for a walk-behind tractor is used not only for loosening, but also for weeding. The design of the weeding cultivator has some peculiarities.
A hinged frame is used as a basis. On the one hand, the frame is attached to the walk-behind tractor, and on the other hand, it rests on one or more wheels. Special paws are installed on the frame, which cut the weeds at the root, and can also loosen the soil to a shallow depth.
Consider several types of simple cultivators that you can make yourself.
This is one of the easiest ways. The cultivator consists of a horizontal handle, a rod and a plowing device. Used as a basis regular pitchfork... The teeth are bent like a corkscrew, then the forks are mounted on the handle. A conventional hammer is sufficient to bend the teeth.
As a handle, you can take a shovel handle or any other analogue. You can use electrical tape to attach the handle to the attachment.
From the bike
This is a more complex type. But with its help, you can perform more agricultural work.
We take bicycle frame with one wheel. To control the device, a steering wheel or a plastic handle is taken. A cross section (steel bar, welded or bolted) is installed between the two parts of the bike frame.
It is best to take a wheel of medium diameter, so it will be more convenient to control the device.
Then we attach the head to the cross section and the cultivator is ready.
Video on how to make a cultivator out of a bicycle.
Toothed
For work, several discs are used that rotate along an axis. Can take 3-5 disks.
For example, we take 5 discs made of steel (diameter 16-30 cm), a rod (diameter 10mm), an axis (length 32cm, diameter 15mm) and a holder (wooden or plastic).
Since the discs are difficult to remove from any broken mechanism, they will have to be manufactured.
To make discs, you need the simplest lathe, and if you don't have a machine, you will have to order discs.
Holes are drilled in the discs for the teeth (but not in all discs, but in 3 of 5 or 2 of 3). Teeth are attached to each hole. Then the discs are mounted on the axle according to the principle - one disc with teeth, one disc without teeth. Trunnions and bearings are installed along the edges of the axle.
Owners of walk-behind tractors often go to all kinds of home-made manufacturing of various components for their unit. Do-it-yourself tracks for a walk-behind tractor will significantly increase the cross-country ability.
The grain grinder has become an indispensable item for summer residents and land owners. Household grain crusher is ideal in terms of price and quality ratio.
Agricultural machinery has become a real relief for farmers. you will learn how to make a plow for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands.
Suitable as a handle shovel handle or plastic - to choose from. When using such a cultivator, the soil is well saturated with oxygen, and the weeds are uprooted.
This cultivator can not only loosen the soil, but also level the surface, and also rid the soil of large soil particles.
As a work surface discs are used... The discs are welded to the surface of the bushings, which, in turn, are fitted onto the axle. Brackets are used to secure the axle. In the largest of the brackets, a protrusion must be provided through which the pipe will pass.
A handle must be attached to the surface of the pipe, which will be used to control the cultivator. The main thing to consider during manufacturing is the problem of deformation of the disks. To avoid this problem, use special nuts that will allow you to adjust the discs during operation.
It must be remembered that the discs must not be flat, their shape must be convex. The shape of the workpiece can be changed with a hammer.
As you can see, to make such a necessary thing in the household as a cultivator, not very difficult... Sometimes a cultivator can only be made from scrap materials. But even if you have to buy something, the costs will not be very high.
The first thoughts to make homemade accessories for a walk-behind tractor appear after the need to transport goods, so my epic began with useful accessories for a walk-behind tractor and was the first to make a homemade trailer trailer.
We do homemade products for the walk-behind tractor with our own hands
For fast and high-quality soil cultivation, you need to make homemade "crow's feet" cutters for the walk-behind tractor, which will mix the soil to a sufficient depth and break up hard clods.
A homemade rake for a walk-behind tractor is also a useful attachment. It is most correct to have several rakes of such different types.
A homemade hiller for a walk-behind tractor will also be needed by every gardener. The hiller will allow the formation of even and high ridges on all beds with root crops.
A homemade blade for a walk-behind tractor will make it easier to remove snow and sand from the land, create good conditions for further soil cultivation.
Homemade rake for a walk-behind tractor
If you wish, you can easily make a homemade rake for a walk-behind tractor. For the wide hay rake, you can use conventional water pipes with different diameters. You will need to put a special sleeve on the round rod, and then tap its surface, turning it slightly.
When making, a round rod is best suited. Most of the parts of the rake are held together by electric welding, since this method is simple, and at the same time a reliable design is obtained.
Greater design simplicity can be achieved if the swivel parts on the axles are fixed without rolling bearings.
It is better to make the hay rake to the walk-behind tractor foldable, as this will simplify their transportation.
How to make a homemade blade for a walk-behind tractor
The walk-behind tractor can serve as a bulldozer for leveling the ground, cleaning sidewalks or roads from dirt and snow. To do this, you need to make a homemade blade for a walk-behind tractor, usually sheet metal with a thickness of 1-2 mm is used. Inside the dump, four steel ribs (stiffeners) are welded from a sheet with a thickness of 3-4 mm.
Holes are drilled in them in place to fasten the blade with the rods in a strictly vertical position in relation to the front end of the walk-behind tractor. It is also better to sheathe the bottom of the blade with tin, so that it does not burrow into the ground.
- 1 - dump sheet (tin);
- 2 - rack 4pcs (stiffeners);
- 3 - the bottom sheet of the dump (tin);
- 4 - knife; 5 - rod fastening eye.
Convenient homemade seeder for walk-behind tractor
Conventionally, seeders for walk-behind tractors are subdivided according to the number of simultaneously sown rows - from 1 to 5, vegetable seeders and precision seeders are also distinguished.
Vegetable seeders are used for dotted sowing of vegetables: carrots, onions, beets. The device for feeding the seeds is driven by the support-drive wheels of the sections. In addition, the rotational speed of the apparatus is regulated by replaceable sprockets.
Seed drills for vegetable precision seeding have a brush seeding device. In such a device, a rotating brush agitates a layer of seeds in the hopper so that they pour out into an opening located in its rear wall. The hole is closed by a rotary disc with holes of different diameters. By turning the disc, you can change the size of the holes and thus change the seeding rate.
A homemade seeder to the walk-behind tractor is usually connected to the walk-behind tractor using a universal coupler, thanks to which the walk-behind tractor can be completed with two-row and four-row seeders.
Homemade shovel for a walk-behind tractor
The walk-behind tractor often acts as a bulldozer, leveling the ground, as well as clearing sidewalks or roads from snow and mud. For it is equipped with a shovel blade.
A homemade shovel is made for a walk-behind tractor without any difficulties if you have a "grinder", a drill and a welding machine on your farm.
You will not have to look for a suitable metal for a long time, since an ordinary two hundred liter steel barrel is suitable for making a shovel-blade. By carefully cutting it into three pieces, you get three curved segments for the shovel. Having welded two of them along the contour, you get a shovel-blade with a metal thickness of 3 mm, which is quite enough for the required rigidity of the blade-blade.
We make a homemade disc hiller for a walk-behind tractor
We begin to make a homemade disc hiller for a walk-behind tractor by searching for covers from steel pots that are unnecessary in the household (better not enameled, but just metal ones). The required diameter is about 40-50 cm, taking into account the fact that the depth of germination of potato roots into the ground is no more than 15-20 cm. Next, we sharpen the blades of the covers, and in our case they are already the disks of the hiller, on a grinding machine. If the covers are flat, then they are slightly bent to one side with a hammer.
Further, in order to make a convenient hiller, you need to make a cart, to which the disks that move the soil will be attached. It can be a structure of pipes and bushings; we attach small support wheels to its lower frame.
After that, you can proceed to testing such a hiller right on the potato plot of the garden.
How to make a homemade plow for a walk-behind tractor correctly
Do I need to make a plow for a walk-behind tractor if there are no special metalworking skills? Yes, it's worth it. The design of this agricultural tool is quite simple and therefore it is right for everyone to make a homemade plow for a walk-behind tractor.
Before starting to implement your idea, you need to look through the previous posts on our site, where we described the manufacturing process in detail with drawings.
Professional tools are best suited for work, they will allow you to perform all technological operations with your own hands at the required level and at the same time maintain their quality. An amateur tool is unsuitable for such work because its level of strength is insufficient to perform some of the operations.
Homemade milling cutter crow's feet, for a walk-behind tractor
It is an all-welded, non-collapsible steel cutter, which gives it significantly greater strength than conventional cultivator cutters. Homemade hoe's feet milling cutter, for a walk-behind tractor, shows great efficiency and is successfully used when plowing hard soil. It can be aggregated with almost any walk-behind tractor or cultivator with a suitable axle diameter.
The "crow's feet" cutter is very good to use when plowing the land for planting potatoes, especially if the soil is hard with large clods of earth, or when, to prevent the Colorado potato beetle, wireworm and other garden pests, you need to plow the vegetable garden “in winter”.
Crow's feet are usually sold unfinished, and many gardeners who have already tried these cutters recommend sharpening them for easier and faster plowing.
Below are the drawings of a homemade cutter "crow's feet2" with a diameter of 520 mm., A capture of 1250 mm., A total of 30 beams. 3 pcs. per section. The beam is bolted to the coils.
When plowing the soil with such a cutter, it loosens and rises to a depth of 40 to 100 mm on average, depending on the moisture content.
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Homemade mower for walk-behind tractor (rotary, segment)The cultivator is an agricultural tool for loosening and weeding the soil, hilling plants and cutting beds, as well as harrowing the soil. It greatly facilitates heavy earthwork.
Gardening and dacha time takes a lot of free time and physical effort. But work on the ground should in no way be a burden and not threaten human health, but, on the contrary, bring bright and positive moments into life. The solution to this problem is the acquisition of an irreplaceable useful assistant - a cultivator.
Problem of choice
Many summer residents and amateur gardeners, having made a decision for themselves to acquire such an assistant, are faced with a problem: how to choose the right cultivator for a summer residence. In order for the purchase to be useful, the following parameters and technical characteristics must be borne in mind:
- Cultivator power. The soil is cultivated to a greater depth and at a higher speed with more cultivator power. It should also be borne in mind that the wider the swath, the higher the productivity and the lower the cost of working time;
- Unit weight. A cultivator for a summer residence, which has a large capacity, and weighs, accordingly, more;
- Knife material. The cultivator's knives are its main working body, and therefore they must be made of high quality steel. This guarantees both a long service life and a high quality of operation of the unit;
- The reliability of the cultivator. The owners can tell about all the pros and cons of a particular model. How this or that modification works, you need to make sure personally, in practice - at what depth the cutters work, how wide the working strip is.
So, cultivators for continuous tillage are indispensable for preparing for sowing with simultaneous harrowing. There are models for pre-sowing treatment - they produce loosening, leveling and weed removal at the same time.
Some varieties of inter-row cultivators also apply fertilizer at the same time. In addition, the set of many cultivators includes a variety of attachments: a mower, a potato digger, a plow, etc. Thanks to this, plowing, planting, digging of roots, pruning and many others are added to the main functions of these helper machines.
The main thing to consider when buying is the performance and energy intensity of the cultivator. If the garden area is small, there is no point in an expensive and powerful unit.
A cultivator for a summer residence, be it electric or gasoline, is a rather expensive tool for the family's budget. What about a gardener or summer resident if the prices for such equipment do not allow them to overpower the purchase, and work with a shovel is hard and unproductive? In such a situation, it is advisable to make a homemade cultivator for a summer residence with your own hands.
You can offer to make a home-made cultivator from a motorcycle like "Minsk", a chainsaw, a bicycle. And the easiest way is to build a cultivator from the frame of an ordinary children's bicycle and a wheel - that is, from any country scrap metal.
For such a home-made cultivator, you will additionally need a pointed cultivator share. It can be purchased inexpensively in a garden store, or you can, after a good digging, find it in a pile of unnecessary things in a country shed, or ask your neighbors.
- Support wheel;
- Pointed cultivator share;
- Bicycle frame.
As can be seen from the schematic drawing, the design is extremely simple and straightforward. Any amateur gardener is able to understand the device and build a similar unit. Despite its simplicity, such a cultivator will provide significant assistance in the work, for example, in 40 minutes, dig up 5 acres of a field with potatoes.
And a homemade electric cultivator can be made with your own hands based on the engine from the washing machine. In addition, you will need a frame, a sprocket, a bicycle chain.
Acquisition of a cultivator for a summer residence saves time and energy for the owners of personal plots, a guarantee of the safety of health during work.
The most popular cultivators of the KPS-4 type were developed for the first Soviet tractors with a hydraulic system. Nevertheless, they are still widely used, especially in small-scale production. At the base enterprise CJSC Progress of the Cheboksary region of the Chuvash Republic, three MTZ-80/82 + KPS-4 units are used annually both for spring field work and for preparing the soil for winter crops. So, in the fall of 2012 alone, they cultivated 850 hectares for winter crops. In the opinion of the director of CJSC V.I. Yakovlev, these cultivators do not yet have a worthy replacement under the specific weather conditions of the Volga region. However, interruptions in the supply or supply of poor-quality spare parts (universal duckfoots, racks) forced agricultural machinery repairmen to look for ways to restore the most worn-out units.
Measurements carried out for 30 pcs. of used universal duckfoot paws (USL) with a width of 330 and 270 mm from two steam cultivators KPS-4 showed that their rejection was carried out according to the wear of the toe of the paw CD, where the layer deposited with hard-alloy material was completely worked out on the back side (Figure 11.3, a). Further operation of the specified USL is not advisable due to intense wear of the nose and dullness, which ultimately leads to an increase in traction resistance and excessive fuel consumption. In this case, the radius of curvature of the worn-out nose of the USL is within 39 .... 46 mm. Ho on the wings of the USL, on the back side, a strip of deposited hard-alloy material with a width of k1 ~ k2 = 9.7 ... 12.3 mm is preserved, and the thickness of the wing is 3.2 ... 4.3 mm. Measurements were taken in the middle of the wing. Calculations for residual strength have shown that the wings of the rejected paws will fully withstand the load arising on the blade when processing even clogged clean vapors, as well as during its acceleration and lifting on medium soils.
The most technologically advanced option for restoring the socks of the specified USL is welding on the toe of a trapezoidal lining (Figures 11.1 and 11.2), already deposited with hard-alloy material from the back side. This shape is similar to the tip of a chisel-shaped loosening share. The rejected skimmer share (N 07420010, P.701, etc.) can be used as the starting material of the lining, in which the HO tip of the HJ line is also subjected to the most intense wear (Fig. 11.3). The radius of curvature HJ at the time of discarding the share was 30 ... 33 mm, while the rest of the blade remained hardfacing with a width of k3 = 10.5 ... 13.5 mm, the average thickness of the attachment plane of the share to the rack is 6.5 mm (fig.11.3).
The following restoration technology has been developed. The worn toe of the paw is aligned along the perpendicular line mn to the axis of symmetry of the USL. Moreover, its width CD should be no more than 40 ... 45 mm (Fig. 11.3, a). With a cutting wheel, trapezoidal blanks are cut from the rejected plowshare of the skimmer (Figure 11.4). Since the skimmer share in the cross section has a radius of curvature p, the workpiece is straightened along the line st. Then, for a reliable welded joint, a chamfer is removed from the back of the workpiece between the magazine and the attachment plane of the share to the rack (Figure 11.4), and the share magazine thus serves as a stop (shoulders) for the lining. You can get 4-5 pieces from one skimmer share. overlays.
It is better to weld the plate on the USL complete with the stand. The pad and the USL connected together are fixed on a vise or with a clamp, seized by electric welding from the front side at three points and from the back side along the CD line. After checking for the coincidence of the axes of symmetry of the lining, USL and the stand, the absence of distortions, welding is performed from the front side along the open contour CGFD with an overlap and from the back side of the HO line of CD but butt to the shoulders. Thus, as a whole, a closed loop of welding of the overlay on the USL is obtained, which provides sufficient strength. During welding, the mounting holes of the skimmer share are sealed.
When welding, as a result of thermal stresses, the parts to be welded are bent inward. Welding of the strip along the CGFD contour bends the USL wings upward by 10 ... 15 mm, significantly violating the geometric parameters of the entire working body. Therefore, immediately after welding, the wings are straightened according to a previously prepared device. On a horizontal platform, new paws (for example, Н-043.052.008-B with a width of 330 mm) with a CO stand (for example, Н-043.11.407) are installed in a position in which the straight part of the stand is leaning close to the vertical wall, and the blades of the claws are close to to the horizontal platform (Fig. 11.3). In this position, the lines of the blades are marked on the horizontal platform. Since after restoration the cutting tip of the lining will partially protrude downward, a small depression of up to 8 ... 10 mm must be made at the place of the USK tip. In this case, the height of the working body H can be in the range of 425 ... 460 mm, overhang L = 260 mm, radius R = 230 mm, crumbling angle α = 16 ° (Fig. 11.3).
When installing the restored UCL and the strut on the device, the toe of the paw will touch the horizontal platform, and the wings of the paw will be bent upwards. Straightening consists in adjusting the wing blades to the drawn lines of the template on a horizontal platform. It is more rational to carry out the operation together: the welder welds the pad, and the locksmith immediately additionally heats the sock with a propane cutter and straightens it. Then the USL is cooled in the open air in order to normalize the metal structure. UCL aligned in this way do not require additional adjustment when installed on a cultivator.
The pads for the USL can be cut from the plowshares of the PRVN-53 device for the PRVN-2.5 vineyard plow. Since these devices were intended to renew the plantation of vineyards, hop farms and practice were used extremely rarely, the plowshares are still preserved in the warehouses of agricultural enterprises. The width of the PRVN share is 85 mm (length A, Fig. 11.3). However, in this case, the pad will not have any shoulders on the back.
The restored in this way the USL worked on the preparation of the soil for sowing in the spring field work of 2013. Average working depth 10 ... 12 cm paws from the rack are not installed. The wear of the weld on the face of the share is minimal. Clogging of the repaired USL - no newer, no differences were observed. The recovery method is also applicable for the restoration of the paws of row-crop cultivators KON-2.8, KOR-4.2, KRN-4.2 and their modern counterparts.
The cost of restoring the USL in 2012 prices amounted to 20 ... 23 rubles / piece. But according to the experience of work in 2013, the resource of the restored paw is about 1/2 ... 1/3 of the resource of the new one. The developed technology for the restoration of the USL is of interest to private households and farms that do not have large processing areas and opportunities to purchase new modern cultivators.
The service life of the tines of the KPS-4G cultivators in the processing of loamy and medium loamy soil in the conditions of the Middle Volga region is 2-3 years. The main material of the racks is MSt.5 and MSt.6 steel, which is less wear-resistant to soil abrasive particles than the material of the universal lancet share - steel 65G or 70G. The shaded area BC is subjected to the greatest wear (Fig. 11.5, a), and when worn to a depth of 8 ... 11 mm, the rack bends back.
In order to restore the worn out BC zone, the following method was proposed and implemented in the PMM of Progress CJSC of the Cheboksary region of the Chechen Republic. The worn area was pre-filled with electric welding, approximately maintaining the radius of curvature of 230 mm. On an emery machine, the surface of the VS was leveled and cleaned using a pneumatic grinder. The rack was then examined for cracks and pits. The detected defects were repaired by welding methods, and the surface was re-cleaned.
Further, using a bar of "Sormite-1" with a diameter of 5 ... 6 mm as a filler wire, the BC surface is hardened using a DC electric welding machine. The polarity of the connection of the apparatus is according to the electrodes used, however, according to the welders, with reverse polarity, the arc is more stable and a higher-quality deposited layer is formed. The current strength for surfacing with electrodes with a diameter of 04.0 mm is 220 ... 240 A, for electrodes 05.0 mm - 230 ... 260 A. When cooling the deposited column in an open environment, additional heat treatment is not required. When surfacing the rack, the radius of curvature of the rack decreases due to the tightening of the seam, however, the regulation limits on the cultivators make it possible to adjust the share according to the operating instructions.
As the long-term experience of such restoration and hardening shows, the repaired racks have a resource of 1.6 ... 1.8 times higher than the new ones. The resource of a new weld-on stand is increased more than 2 times.
Since the manufacturers of cultivators do not produce hardfacing of the rack, it is rational to carry out the surfacing of new ones as well. In order to remove paint and preservative grease, a new wing tine is installed on the cultivator. In 2 ... 3 shifts, the BC surface is completely cleaned, the tine with the tine is removed from the cultivator and surfacing is performed without dismantling the tine. The resource of the new column increases about 2 times, and as the hard-alloy layer wears out, its repeated surfacing is not excluded.
The practical value of the proposal lies in a significant increase in the service life of the cultivator tines, and the method - in application for electric welding surfacing.
Chisel loosening paws (Fig. 11.5, b) do not always find application in practice. However, there is a possibility of using them as a cultivator stand. For this, the area of the mounting holes for the duckfoot arm is reinforced with steel plates 5 ... 6 mm thick on both sides. After welding, the rack is cooled outdoors. Then, according to Fig. 11.5.6 are marked and holes are drilled with a 011 mm drill.
The radius of curvature of the chisel is 250 mm, and the wing legs are 230 mm. The difference of 20 mm is practically not reflected in the technological characteristics of the working body, since the adjustment of the fastening of the stand to the beam allows you to eliminate minor errors in performance.
The material for the chisel share is 65G or 70G steel. However, the strengthening of the wear area of the newly manufactured strut in the manner described above is necessary.
The technical support in the economy of a modern farmer certainly includes means for cultivating the land. For this purpose, cultivators and walk-behind tractors are used, which, depending on the model, can perform tasks of loosening, leveling, cutting weeds and other operations. Since the device of the working body is technically elementary, it will not be difficult for a skilled home craftsman to make such a device with his own hands. As a rule, they are not inferior in efficiency to factory counterparts, but it is important to calculate how to install them on a walk-behind tractor or a tractor. However, today manual models are also common, the operation of which does not require connection to other equipment.
General information about cultivators
Many people associate the concept of "cultivators" with mini tractors and walk-behind tractors that perform the functions of soil cultivation. However, if you delve deeper into the terminology, it turns out that the cultivator is only a part of the technical tool directly involved in processing. Home-made cultivators can carry out several working operations, depending on the design. They can be versatile both in processing and in combination with additional equipment. Before proceeding with the manufacture of such an implement, one should assess the nature of the work and the need to connect it to a tractor or other equipment.
DIY manual cultivator
The simplest option for making a cultivator at home. This is a small structure, the capabilities of which will be enough to grip a strip 20 cm wide. The base of the device will be a handle in the form of a metal tube with a diameter of 2.4 cm. The length of the element is selected specifically for the height of the user. A sturdy wooden axle must be installed on the bottom of the pipe. The processing organs will be attached to it. Despite the simplicity of the design, homemade hand cultivators can be supplemented with wheels. They can be cut from 0.3 cm thick sheet metal and secured with nuts.
There is another design option, assuming a base in the form of a springy metal strip. In this case, the parameters of the workpiece should be as follows: length - 5 cm, width - 2 cm, and thickness - about 2 mm. A wooden handle is attached to this part, through which the processing will be carried out. The tape undergoes folds, so it can be shaped into a loop and then filed on both sides. The diameter of the loop can be any, this parameter is calculated based on the area of \ u200b \ u200bthe garden.
Rotary disc harrow
This is already a more serious unit, with which you can perform loosening, and leveling the soil, and hilling. In its design, a homemade hiller cultivator assumes the presence of the following elements: disc, axle, stem and bushings, large and small brackets, handle and pipe. The functions of the working components are performed by discs welded to the bushings. The latter, in turn, are located on the cultivator axis. The axial ends are fixed in brackets with a cotter pin. A pipe with a crossbar and a handle is installed in a large bracket in special grooves. On the smaller bracket, a rod with a length of 25 cm and a diameter of 2.4 cm is installed (by welding).
Also, a 1.6 cm thick rod is screwed into the stem, which should protrude slightly above the level of the crossbar. The most difficult thing in the manufacture of this model is giving a spherical shape to the discs. In general, this is a common question among gardeners and summer residents who are interested in how to make a homemade cultivator with reliable working elements. Without special equipment, there can be only one way - to change the shape of the discs with a hammer, forming a bowl in the central part. Further, it is important to calculate the angle of fixation of the spherical discs in relation to the direction of processing. This parameter should be adjusted using the thumbscrews installed on the bar.
Chainsaw cultivator
This type of homemade cultivator is also suitable for larger-scale work. In terms of its power, the device is not inferior to some versions of mini tractors. In addition, a homemade cultivator for a walk-behind tractor can be made from a chainsaw, providing the appropriate connection points in the structure. But a more profitable solution is a fully mechanized unit with a chainsaw engine.
The basis will be a cube frame welded from corners. The power plant will be located on the transverse corners in the upper area of the body. The fuel tank can be installed even lower using brackets. The front struts will act as a support frame for the middle shaft. To fix the bearings of the undercarriage, the struts should be attached to the longitudinal elements. The result will be a homemade walk-behind tractor, whose center of gravity will be above the surface with a wheelbase. A rubberized roller can be used as wheels, and the handles can be made of pipes.
Cultivator from an electric meat grinder
In this case, the power unit is borrowed from the meat grinder, but otherwise the concept remains the same. The frame from which homemade cultivators for a tractor or walk-behind tractor are made can also become the basis for autonomous equipment. A feature of this design is the ability to break soil layers into large clods at high speed. If it is supposed to operate at a low speed, then the processing will be delicate and will provide a loose cover.
Two corners must be welded to the crankcase of the reducer removed from the meat grinder. Two pipes are also installed to them, in which the ends should first be bent - in the future they will become handles. The wheel axles are also attached to the base from the corners. Excessively large wheels should not be chosen, since they will cause unnecessary trouble during processing. But small ones are also undesirable, as they sink into the soil. Accordingly, the best option is medium wheels with a diameter of 20 cm. A shaft should be cut out of the assembly scrap. Using a sledgehammer or a large hammer, it is necessary to chop off the meat grinder nozzle, which will allow you to remove the bushing, which will take the shaft with the grouser screw into the structure.
DIY milling cutter
This unit is a cross between manual models and a full-fledged walk-behind tractor. If you want to get a home-made cultivator, the cutter of which performs processing without a third-party drive, then this option will be optimal. Any installation with a working volume of 50 cm 3 is suitable for the place of the engine. The tasks of the cutters can be shifted to a structure assembled from the parameters of 0.5 x 4 cm. For one cutter, 8 elements are needed. Next, the strips must be shaped like a letter G and connected together in the center with bolts so that four crosses are formed.
The supporting base will be a metal box, in which the gearbox deceleration should also be placed. Such a frame can be made from plates with a thickness of 0.4 cm. To pass the intermediate shaft at the top of the formed box, two holes must be made. The shaft will rotate in two bearings installed in two housings welded from plates. To adjust the positions, homemade cultivators with this design are supplied.They can be welded to the base of the plates.
Pole cultivator
The unit has a simple design and does not require combination with other equipment, but at the same time it gives good results in soil cultivation. The output is lancet equipment with five working paws. The basis of the structure will be formed by a yoke-shaped frame, also made of. Flat-cutting lancet-type paws are installed on it. You can take such elements from the factory KPN-4A walk-behind tractor. It is necessary to fix the cutting components so that one middle and two extreme legs are installed in a staggered manner. Their bundle should be provided by a hinged frame on springs. The estimated working width with such paws is 33 cm.
for cultivation
The disc harrow can be constructed from a battery formed by 8 discs that are spherical in shape. By the type of work, this will be a self-made width between the cutting elements in which it will be 15 cm. The harrow interacts with the frame according to the hinge principle. The length of the base can reach 130-140 cm, and the width is 65 cm.In this case, corners with a section of 45 x 45 cm are used for the frame.The depth of entry into the soil is up to 10 cm, and the approximate width of capture is 120 cm. it is worth mentioning the possibility of adjusting the angle - up to 17 degrees.
Single body plow
One of the best solutions for making auxiliary equipment for a tractor will be a single-body plow. With its help, in an hour of work, you can plow from 0.12 to 0.2 hectares. At the same time, the processing depth is small - only 22 cm, and the width reaches 35 cm. Home-made cultivators for a mini-tractor are made from a metal frame base. The plow can be made from channels, and the body can be borrowed from trailed attachments such as a cultivator, but with a shortened blade.
Conclusion
There are many design solutions for the development of cultivators, and the choice of a specific one is determined by the needs of the future user. Material costs for the manufacture of land-cultivating devices are minimal, and this is despite the fact that factory analogs are sometimes estimated at tens of thousands of rubles. This, by and large, is due to the fact that homemade cultivators are increasingly used not only in private farms, but also in professional farming organizations. In terms of reliability, they are slightly inferior to branded units, and in terms of the quality of land cultivation, they can even surpass. You can make a cultivator with your own hands from improvised metal blanks, but the main advantage of such devices is the ability to diversify designs and, if necessary, make technical adjustments without the help of specialists.
