Do-it-yourself electric wood splitter. How to make a homemade mechanical wood splitter

The wood splitter helps in the household when harvesting firewood. A sufficient amount of time is lost on chopping firewood and setting it to dry. There are several types of mechanical wood splitters that allow you not to apply great physical effort during work.

Mechanical wood splitters

A small amount of work can be done with a simple device. The wood splitter is distinguished by a simple design and the possibility of manufacturing from any material at hand. The performance of this device is low, but it makes it possible to safely carry out work on the preparation of firewood with your own hands. There are few perfect devices for chopping firewood that can be made at home.

The easiest and easiest option for assembling a do-it-yourself wood splitter is similar in design to a well crane. Racks are connected in a hinged way, instead of a container, handles with a cutter are installed. Such a mechanism works due to physical strength. The assembly can be made from any improvised means, you will need corners and several pipes, you can use a broken ax as a cutter.

A do-it-yourself mechanical cleaver has a number of disadvantages. For a more simplified process, an elongated lever should be used, which affects the dimensions of the mechanism. The most common option is to install a lever system with a more powerful cleaver. Due to the increased mass, the structure is easiest to pour concrete into the ground. This device is more compact, more efficient than its competitor.

Wood splitter classification

Harvesting firewood on the farm is a frequent business that requires a lot of effort. Before making a home-made device for chopping firewood with your own hands, you need to decide on the volume and purpose of the device. The proposed equipment is divided into main categories:

• Mechanical device - the presence of an engine, as a drive for a screw or hydraulics, electric and spring volatile wood splitters.
• Design features - rack, vertical, conical, horizontal and so on, there are a lot of designs for chopping firewood.
• The operating principles can be hydraulic or pneumatic, in the form of a screw.

The cheapest design option is a mechanical type cleaver, consisting of a rack and a support table. For more complex designs, such as a conical wood splitter, you will need equipment for connecting the engine and the rotating element itself. This machine will significantly increase productivity compared to a mechanical device.

Using the appropriate drawings, it is possible to make a more complex rack structure with your own hands. The principle of operation is based on the conversion of rotational energy into translational movements, based on this, additional materials will be needed for manufacturing.

Wood splitter inertial vertical

A manual vertical wood splitter, the mechanism of which consists of a metal pipe hinged to a support, contributes to the rapid splitting of firewood. A cutting element for splitting is installed at the end of the pipe, which enhances the force of the load.

A homemade product of this type of wood splitter works by sharply lowering the pipe down, which, under the influence of the load, splits the wood. The advantage of the machine is the availability of composite materials that can be found at your own or neighboring garage.

The disadvantage is the increased weight of the cutting device, for a long time a person will not be able to work due to fatigue.

Wood splitters with electric drive

Hand tools and mechanical devices help to cope with everyday tasks. However, if mass production of firewood is required, it will not be easy for a mechanical wood splitter to make a large quantity due to the physical fatigue of a person. For an easier and faster process, it is possible to use electric motors on the structures of wood splitters. It is more difficult to make an electric wood splitter with your own hands, but if you correctly fit the parts according to the drawings, it is possible to achieve a design that does not differ from those sold on the market.

Screw cone

The easiest to manufacture, reliable design is a hand-made screw wood splitter. Two varieties are used, they differ only in the presence of threads on the rotating element. The breaking of the ingot occurs due to cutting into its middle, for larger ones, the edges are first broken off, then the middle.

Before assembling the structure, it is necessary to catch the components. The splitting part must be machined according to the drawing of the conical wood splitter. If you use a tool without a thread, you will have to apply sufficient force when splitting firewood. The threaded tip bites into the wood, thereby making the process easier. The tip is made on a lathe with certain parameters. Usually such work is ordered in a turning shop, but if you have work experience and equipment, it is possible to make a device for a conical wood splitter with your own hands.

The electric motor for operation must be selected according to the parameters of power, the number of revolutions. Direct connection is possible if the motor parameters are as follows:

• The shaft speed is 300-500 revolutions per minute, a lower figure will be too small for work, it will delay the process, and a larger number of revolutions is dangerous, as it can tear the workpiece out of your hands.
• Engine power not less than 2 kW, for uninterrupted operation of the engine with hard wood.

There are cases when it is impossible to find an engine with identical parameters. Then you need to install a gearbox or belt drive. Installation of additional equipment allows you to use the engine with the required parameters. The transmission is also of the chain type, it is more reliable, but it makes increased noise during operation.

Hydraulic wood splitter

Hydraulic type models are heavier to manufacture. For manufacturing, you need a diagram of a hydraulic wood splitter; when assembling, many parameters must be taken into account:

• The location of the ingot can be horizontal or vertical, depending on the type of material.
• The dimensions of the unit are selected according to the average dimensions of the processed workpieces.
• The size of the hydraulic cylinder and the power of the drive depend on the force of splitting the log.

Making a hydraulic wood splitter with your own hands is somewhat harder than the rest. Distinctive features are uniform output parts, splitting speed. The tool can be used both for domestic purposes and for small-scale production of firewood for sale on the market. The force applied during the process is large, so the material in the manufacture of a hydraulic wood splitter with your own hands must have sufficient thickness. The cutting blades are set in the shape of a square or an asterisk to cut the ingot into several pieces in one process.

Mechanical spring splitter

A modified version of the manual cleaver is a mechanical spring device. The wood splitter operates on the principle of centrifugal force, the main purpose of the design is to keep the cleaver with an impressive mass at the end of the cycle. The spring must be made movable to adjust the force applied to stop the cleaver. A do-it-yourself device should have a height corresponding to the height of a person, for the least stress.

The log clip is made for safety reasons. The frame mechanism experiences constant loads, so it is necessary to make it from double material. For possible mobility, it is possible to install wheels on one of the sides for movement.

Simple do-it-yourself wood splitter mechanic

A common type of wood splitter is a rack type mechanism. The principle of operation consists of starting the cycle, after which all the elements are coupled, the pusher rests against the workpiece and the cutting process takes place by connecting with the knife. To make a homemade wood splitter, you will need the following items:

• Drive, usually an electric motor is used. In places where there is no electricity, it is possible to use an engine powered by combustible mixtures.
• The transmission pulley is on the shaft, the transmission is connected by a belt.
• Gear gear located at the end of the secondary shaft.
• Deck frame, cutting knife, control lever.

The engine must be selected with a large margin of power. A do-it-yourself rack type wood splitter can be used with all types of wood. Control over the safety, load on the engine is achieved through improved transmission and smoothness of effort.

Also, the mechanical wood splitter has a simple design with a screw design. The smallest amount of manufacturing costs make it indispensable in the economy. With my own hands, it is possible to make a tool with an old electric motor, a prepared conical screw, basic knowledge in electrics to connect the engine to a starting device.

How to make a wood splitter mobile

A mobile wood splitter is needed in situations where the device needs to be moved over a long distance. Attached wheels make the wood splitter mobile.

It is necessary to take into account the weight of the manufactured structure, calculate the load on the axle.

For safe operation, it is necessary to block the wheels or use the footrests while using the tool.

How to choose a wood splitter product features

The choice of device model depends on the intended use. A hand-made tool will turn out to be a budget option, and a tool bought on the market will save time and has a guarantee. The price of powerful models of wood splitters in stores can be up to 100 thousand rubles.

A self-made tool can be used for its intended purpose. The ability to add or remove features can save a lot of money in production. The only major difference will be the appearance, since a self-made device is not so neat and harmonious.

For use in production or commercial purposes, the best option would be to purchase a ready-made unit. There are models on the market with different types of engines and ingot sawing options.

Advantages and disadvantages of using a wood splitter

Before making any unit with your own hands, you should ask yourself if it is so necessary on the farm. Buying or making a device yourself will require a lot of financial costs and effort, you need to weigh all the advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of the device include.

1. Physical activity per person. The machine operator only loads, controls the process, the main physical work is performed by the wood splitter mechanism.
2. A device that includes an electric drive will cope with the tasks faster than doing the work manually.
3. Convenient use preserves health and physical strength.
Wood splitter application

There are noticeably fewer drawbacks during operation, but still they are present, like with every device.

1. Complex design of some models. For a more even log, a hydraulic log splitter is used in the end result. To make such a mechanism at home with your own hands is expensive and takes enough time.
2. The high cost of finished structures. Buying a ready-made wood splitter will save time on manufacturing, however, the cost of some models is so high that it does not justify itself during use.

It must be understood that for a small area, the purchase of equipment is not advisable. Having a clear purpose and constant sale of firewood, you should think about buying or making a wood splitter with your own hands.

To chop a large amount of firewood without spending a lot of effort on it, a home-made screw cleaver will help. This device uses the principle of splitting a tree while screwing in a massive screw, which is a symbiosis of a screw and a conventional wedge. The made cone, thanks to the threaded thread, easily breaks the wood along the fibers due to the large diameter of the screw.

According to the design of the drive, several types of home-made wood splitters can be made. Some craftsmen put the screw on the working shaft of the electric motor. In this case, very stringent requirements are put forward for the electric motor. It should only be low speed. and quite powerful.

The most common are screw splitters of another type, in which any electric motors can be used. The reduction in speed in them is achieved due to the use of various gearboxes or belt drives. An asterisk of small diameter is placed on the working shaft of the electric motor, and a large pulley is installed on the cone of the wood splitter. Their dimensions must be selected in such a way as to reduce the engine speed to 500 rpm. It happens that when using high-speed electric motors it is difficult to achieve the required speed values. In this case, it is worth putting an intermediate shaft and a special speed gear.

All components of the device must be securely fixed on a solid frame. It can be equipped with a small folding table for more comfortable work.

Advantages and disadvantages of cone wood splitters

The main advantages of cone wood splitters are:

• simplicity of design;
• the possibility of assembling with your own hands;
• good device performance;
• low installation cost;
• anyone can work on such a device.

At the same time very simple and reliable design homemade wood splitters has a number of disadvantages.

• One of them can be considered that a tree with highly intertwined fibers is a big problem for its propeller. That is why the roots of a tree and a log with knots should be chopped by hand.
• The next drawback is the poor division of large chocks into parts.
• It is also worth noting that it is almost impossible to make a cone on your own without the help of a qualified turner.

At the moment, on the network you can find high-quality drawings of a screw wood splitter for making your own hands or offers to sell the finished product.

The main requirements for an electric splitter

A homemade electric splitter must be very reliable, safe to use and have high performance. That is why, when choosing the type of device and assembling it, it is necessary to follow the rules for compliance with the requirements for devices of this type.

The main requirements for wood splitters are as follows:

Assembly materials and tools

Do-it-yourself machine assembly does not require the use of expensive parts. Many blanks can be taken from an old washing machine or a faulty walk-behind tractor, and you should ask an experienced turner for a drawing of a cone for a wood splitter.

To make a homemade device, you will need the following materials:

Many nodes will come from an old washing machine or car. Do not make your own screws. There are a lot of materials on the network in which craftsmen advise cutting this detail using an ordinary grinder. Experts say that this idea will turn out just a carrot, not a conical screw.

To assemble the electric splitter, you will need the following tools:

• apparatus for welding;
• drill and drills;
• electric grinder;
• small hammer;
• spanners;
• pencil and tape measure.

To protect the surface of the machine from corrosion, you can use any kind of enamel. However, it is worthwhile to qualitatively prepare the metal for painting. This can be done with a special brush and chemical rust converters.

Do-it-yourself cone wood splitter

At the initial stage of assembling an electric cleaver, it is worth making a good sketch, which will indicate the location of the parts and mechanisms of the device, as well as its dimensions. You will need a wiring diagram that any electrician can draw up. These actions will help to assemble the machine with high quality and prevent many mistakes. And it is also necessary to responsibly approach the manufacture of a special wedge, since it is the most vulnerable part of the mechanism.

The most suitable material for the wedge is expensive tool steel, but it is very difficult to process even an experienced turner. Most often, ordinary steel is used for this, which is then hardened by carburizing or hardening. Long and high-quality work of the screw cone will be ensured only with its good production. A simple metric thread is not suitable for this purpose, as it wears out rather quickly and does not fit well into the tree. Experts advise to make a two-start thread with a pitch of 5 mm.

The dimensions of the frame directly depend from the build of a person, but most often they are:

• height - about 90 cm;
• the width of the surface should be no more than 70 cm;
• length should be about 1 m.

Most often, the electric motor is located at the bottom of the bed, which helps protect it from various chips or small chips. When using a motor from a walk-behind tractor, then it should be placed on the same level with a screw wedge. This arrangement is very convenient during the operation of the machine, if you need to adjust the speed or add fuel.

When designing an electric splitter, it is necessary to determine the method of tensioning the belt drive. To do this, you need to install additional rollers or stars. It is worth fixing a special protective cover on the belt drive, which can be made from a piece of tin and attached to the working surface with fasteners.

Assembling a screw cleaver

After the drawing of the machine has been made and all materials and parts have been prepared, it is necessary to start manufacturing a screw cleaver. Experts advise using high-quality instructions and assembling in accordance with the drawn up work plan.

To make a homemade electric wood splitter, you will need a little skill in handling tools. A little time spent on assembly will save a lot of effort in the future. The main thing is to follow all safety rules when working with the device.

Wood splitter hydraulic or wood splitter - a means of automating the preparation of firewood. Most often, a hydraulic splitter is called a "mechanical splitter". Moreover, many models were created by the hands of home craftsmen and qualified engineers.

Application and working principle

Mechanical and hydraulic are used in private households, or in small woodworking workshops. In any place, the machines perform mechanical cross-cutting, as well as splitting wood of various species.

A hand tool for splitting and bucking breaks very often, and it requires skill, effort and time. Machines and installations of a different, non-hydraulic type very often break down due to uneven loading.

Wood splitters factory

The construction equipment market offers several dozen models of hydraulic wood splitters in the price range from 10 to 200 thousand rubles. It is important to know that the price depends on:

• weight;
• power;
• efforts;
• engine type;
• maximum for log length;
• voltage (models with electric motor).

Power supplies for the engine are divided into 2 categories.

Electric motor. This energy converter acts on the pump. Moreover, the electric motor is used in the most primitive, household machines. It is very easy to maintain such models, and you can use them in the same garage or shed, given environmental safety. Assembled by hand or in the workshop, models with electric motors are the easiest to prepare for work, it is even allowed to be carried by hand. The main disadvantage is that they do not function without power supply.

Gas engine. It is installed on powerful models that can be transported to the place of firewood harvesting. A gasoline fired wood splitter is usually heavier, more expensive and more powerful. But it is also more functional due to mobility and greater power.

Homemade wood splitters

Most often used for domestic needs in preparation for the heating season. Moreover, the level of engineering thought of a rural worker can inspire the creation of household and professional equipment.

In this case, everything is clear with the household one, but the professional machine can work in line. Simply put, still have the function of feeding, trimming, unloading.

Anyone wishing to independently create similar installations to facilitate labor can familiarize themselves with drawings, diagrams and video instructions online. An example of a good self-assembled hydraulic wood splitter is this video:

What is included in the design of a hydraulic wood splitter?

A do-it-yourself hydraulic wood splitter must consist of certain parts. It is better to make parts according to their importance, and start from:

• beds;
• cylinder stop;
• wedge-shaped blade (or blades);
• pump;
• liquid pressure distributor;
• oil tank;
• engine or motor.

How are they hand-picked?

The easiest way to assemble a working log splitter starts with welding a frame that needs to be fixed to the platform. The lower part of the platform is equipped with a car jack (at least).

At the top of the frame, a connector must be calculated. It is needed for splitting chocks of different diameters and different lengths.

The wood splitter in the photo was created by hand, but it is already designed for an industrial volume. It has a more complex design, which necessarily consists of a hydraulic jack on a stationary (non-portable) type bed. The creation of this installation requires a locksmith skill, safety calculation. Let, at first glance, the unit is not complicated, but the work of the operator with a negligent attitude will sooner or later lead to an accident.

Due to saving time and resource, wedge-shaped knives with 4-8 blades were created. The fact is that a standard knife divides a chock into 2 parts, and this model processes any log in one go.

A do-it-yourself hydraulic wood splitter at increased power (driven by a tractor, gasoline engine) should be equipped with a wedge-shaped knife with 4 blades, at least.

Hydraulic industrial wood splitter with log lifting - video

The wood splitter is a modern machine designed for cutting firewood, both in small and large volumes. In addition to its main function, wood splitters perform the function of trimming. Splitting firewood is fast, convenient and safe. In just 3-4 hours, you can make a weekly supply of natural material.

A home-made wood splitter is actively used in a summer cottage or suburban area, and more complex designs can be found in industrial enterprises.

1 Varieties of wood splitters

All wood splitters according to the scope of use are divided into:

1. Household. It can be either a home-made wood splitter or a purchased unit that has a small capacity. You can make a rack or hydraulic type yourself.
2. Professional. These include wood splitters and machines that have a large number of functions and high performance.

Depending on the position of the logs, they can be divided into:

1. Horizontal type. The log is placed on a horizontal chute. During the operation of the machine, the log itself can move towards the knife, or vice versa.
2. Vertical type. The log is installed vertically, and a screw knife presses on top of it, dividing it into logs. Typically, this method of splitting is inherent in professional machines.
3. Mixed type. It combines two ways of arranging logs. Typically, such a mechanism contains wood splitters.

By type of food, they are divided into models:

1. With electric motor. Their work is based on the action of a hydraulic pump. These are the most easy-to-use rack structures that are installed even indoors. You can also make them yourself. The only feature is the need to access the network.
2. With petrol engine. These are more powerful and serious models that are used both in the industrial sector and for private use.
3. Tractor-drawn structures. They are used in farms, logging and other enterprises.
4. with combined engines.

According to the principle, work can be divided:

1. Hydraulic type, which can be done by yourself. It is driven by a special hydraulic pump that presses on the knife. He, in turn, acts with great force on the log, splitting it into pieces.
2. cone type. Sawing firewood is carried out with a threaded cone, which, during rotation, cuts into a log, dividing it into parts. Just like the rack wood splitter, it is quite simple to make it yourself. The only caveat is the need for a more powerful engine.

All possible movement structures are divided into stationary machines, which are whole wood splitting and sawing lines of industrial importance and mobile devices with wheels (hydraulic, screw, cone and rack type).

1.1 We make a wood splitter with our own hands

A homemade hydraulic wood splitter is an opportunity to independently make a unit capable of processing large volumes of wood. The cylinder acts as a power element in it. Its stem extends as a result of the pressure of the internal fluid. An important role here is played by the engine and the pump.

The most difficult stage is the creation of the hydraulic part. It includes the following elements:

• cylinder with a pusher;
• pump;
• a hydraulic fluid control unit;
• oil tank;
• motor that drives the pump.

All these parts can be purchased independently or removed from tractor equipment that is out of order. The frame for the wood splitter must be made of metal. For this purpose, corners, a profile pipe or channels can be used. A homemade hydraulic wood splitter can be of a mobile type, if attached to the wheel frame or chassis.

There are no specific schemes for how to make a screw, rack or hydraulic view. This is due to the large number of nuances that must be taken into account in the production process. In addition, each craftsman has different opportunities in terms of the availability of components for handicraft production. To simplify the process, you can rely on the approximate designs of finished units.

1.2 Homemade wood splitter (video)

1.3 Step by step instructions

With minimal knowledge of drawings and metal processing technology, you can make a wood splitter in 1-2 days. This will require several steps:

1. The simple design includes a vertical metal frame that is mounted on a platform and a jack.
2. The top of the frame is used to hold firewood, so it must be split. This means that the diameter and length values ​​will be different.
3. A simple design (screw or rack type) involves the use of a car jack. At the same time, a more complex wood splitter will require the use of a hydraulic jack. As a rule, it is installed on a frame of a mobile or stationary type.
4. A wedge-shaped knife is mounted to the other part of the bed, which will chop wood. They can be of various sizes, as the knife is fixed in several positions.
5. In the middle of the wood splitter, a bed is installed for laying firewood. In the process of rotating the handle of the jack, the thrust part of the rod will put pressure on the firewood, and the knife will split them.
6. Through the handle, the oil pressure in the cylinder will be released. The rod itself with the help of springs will take its original position.

2 Rules for using the wood splitter

A screw, rack and other type of household machine that is used for personal purposes is quite easy to use. For split logs it is enough to put firewood in the chute, who will squeeze them and push them to the knife. The split product is collected in a special tray, which is replaced in the process of filling it.

Rack wood splitter, like any other equipment, requires compliance with safety measures in the process of its use. They include the following recommendations:

• exclude loose-fitting clothes that can get between the parts. It should be tight enough;
• all protective equipment (goggles, gloves, etc.) should be used. Their use will secure the process itself;
• it is impossible to start the operation of the unit in a state of intoxication;
• the process of splitting firewood can begin after all wires and connections are carefully insulated;
• the unit is not used in the rain and in rooms with high humidity. Moisture can make an irreversible process in the engine.

• the wood splitter is installed on a flat surface;
• the workplace should be sufficiently free, without foreign objects;
• all types of wood splitters have recommended temperature ranges for operation. They can be found by studying the instructions;
• the device is used only for its intended purpose;
• broken or worn parts should be replaced in time. You can identify them by regularly checking the general condition;
• in the event of an unforeseen situation, the device has an emergency shutdown button that can suspend operation.

In general, wood splitters are indispensable assistants, both in the suburban area and in the field of industrial production. For your own use, you can make them yourself, observing all the stages of manufacturing. The result is an economical and extremely useful unit.

The process of harvesting firewood has always been a laborious task. For large volumes of work, it is irrational to use a traditional cleaver - manual labor has always been ineffective. The first attempts to mechanize this process were made in the middle of the 19th century in the United States. The development of railway communications and a large number of steam locomotives required huge stocks of ready-made firewood. Steam models of wood splitters replaced the labor of hundreds of workers. The performance of modern wood splitters depends on the type of construction and the principle of operation.

How to choose a wood splitter

Sooner or later, every owner of a wood-burning stove or fireplace faces the question of whether to make a hydraulic wood splitter with their own hands or purchase a factory model. The latter are characterized by high performance and reliability. However, the high cost becomes a significant obstacle to the purchase. Therefore, in some cases, they prefer to make a household homemade wood splitter.

At the first stage, it is necessary to consider the main parameters of the device. They affect performance and performance.

• Location

In horizontal models, the logs are located on a special frame. There are two types of such machines. One of them is with a moving knife and fixation of the block of wood. According to another scheme, the log is directed to the cutting tool with the help of a feeder.

Vertical types are made with a fixed position of the workpiece. The knife acts on the surface of the log from above. Despite the high productivity in the process of work, it is often necessary to hold the workpiece with your hands. This is especially true for homemade models.

• type of drive

It is selected depending on the operating conditions. For fully autonomous models, it is recommended to use gasoline or diesel power units. Electric motors are used for stationary types. With small volumes of blanks, a mechanical wood splitter is used. Household models of such devices are characterized by reliability and simplicity of design.

In the presence of tractor equipment, wood splitters driven by a power take-off shaft are used. Thanks to this, it is possible to split firewood of large diameter - up to 100 cm.

• Cleaver shape

You can use a traditional cone or a modified cruciform. The latter splits the log into 4 parts in one operation, which is very convenient. However, this requires a lot of effort. These types of splitters are used for hydraulic and mechanical types of wood splitters.

When using an electric drive or an internal combustion engine, it is optimal to use a screw or cone splitter. In addition to pressure, the deformation of the barrel along the longitudinal axis occurs due to the rotational movement of the tip.

How to make a wood splitter so that the price is acceptable and the performance is optimal? To do this, it is necessary to consider various types of equipment and evaluate the possibility of self-manufacturing.

cone

This is one of the simplest types of equipment. In order to make a screw wood splitter, you need to buy: a threaded cone main part, a screw wood splitter. You can order production for your shaft and purchase a threaded splitting cone for a screw wood splitter: >>> >>> on the ODROVA.RU website with delivery throughout Russia, click to order<<<

1. Bed. The table is made of sheet metal with a thickness of 2 mm. It is best to use a steel profile as support legs. In the rear part of the structure, a mounting place is provided for mounting the gearbox.
2. Power unit. It can be an internal combustion engine or an electric motor. Its power should be from 1.5 kW, rated voltage - 380 V. For normal operation, the number of revolutions varies from 400 to 600 rpm. It is located under the frame, providing additional stability to the structure.
3. Gearbox with pin for mounting the working cone. It is necessary to regulate the speed of the power unit. To improve performance, a screw wood splitter is most often used, the scheme of which differs only in the design of the cone nozzle. On its surface there is a spiral notch, which greatly simplifies the destruction of the wood core.

The advantage of such a machine lies in the affordable cost of individual components. Well suited for a private house or a small wood-burning boiler house. However, it has disadvantages - low productivity and manual supply of logs. Therefore, for large volumes of processing, a different design is used.

Hydraulic

For processing a large amount of wood, it is recommended to use hydraulic models of wood splitters. In these devices, the main power element is a cylinder, the rod of which extends under the action of fluid pressure inside. For this, a pump and an engine are provided. There are two ways to locate the cleaver - on the stem or in the design of the stop. When manufacturing, it is rational to use a drawing with the second scheme, since the hydraulic cleaver remains static, which increases the reliability of the entire device.

When choosing a particular model, you should pay attention to such parameters.

• Breaking force. Depends on engine power and cylinder size. Varies from 4 to 11 tone.
• The maximum size of the workpiece is from 50 to 200 cm.
• Engine power. Depends on its type: for an electric one, it can be 1.2-2 kW.
• The location of the log - horizontal or vertical.

This type of log splitter has a large capacity, so it can be used for both commercial and domestic purposes. It is important to consider the processing speed of workpieces and their maximum diameter.

Rack

These models use a gear train to drive the cutting bar. A cleaver is attached to it, which splits the log. A standard rack-and-pinion wood splitter consists of a motor, a belt reducer, a gear train and a splitter located on the cutting rail.

The log is located between the protective stop on the gearbox housing and the cleaver. When the handle is pressed, the gear is engaged, as a result of which the rack moves towards the casing, splitting the log. After removing the logs, the cleaver returns to its original position by the reverse movement of the handle.

This is one of the most efficient devices for home use. To reduce the cost of a home-made design, you can purchase a factory gear. Its cost is about 8.5 thousand rubles, then it is enough to make a table, install a gearbox with a gear on it, connecting it to an electric motor.

If it is necessary to choose a factory model of a rack-and-pinion wood splitter, you need to analyze its technical parameters:

1. Breaking force.
2. The maximum length of the workpiece. In most cases, it is 60 cm.
3. Cleaver shape. In some models, it is possible to split the log into 6 parts in one pass of the rail.

Currently, there are many rack-and-pinion splitters on the market, differing in parameters, power unit power and dimensions of the processed logs. In addition, they have a different cost, which can significantly affect the choice.

Prices

The cost of wood splitters depends on the type of construction, power and performance. Using the data from the pivot table, you can make an objective opinion about the price category of a particular model.

Cone and screw wood splitters are not assembled. Most often, they purchase cones made of hardened steel grade ST45 at a price of 1800 rubles. The remaining components are selected from improvised materials.

Is it advisable to make a wood splitter yourself? If you have the necessary components (electric motor, table, gearbox) and minimal metal processing skills, then you should make a design for private use with your own hands. With a constant load, it is recommended to purchase factory models, as they have greater performance and differ from home-made ones in reliability and durability.