How to measure centimeters without a centimeter tape. No ruler or bare-handed measurement

Measure with a ruler or tape measure. Find an object or distance between two points that you need to measure.

• This can be the length of a piece of wood, thread or fabric, or a line on a piece of paper.
• A ruler or meter is best for hard and level surfaces.
• If you are taking measurements from a person for sewing clothes, then it is best to use something elastic, such as a centimeter tape.
• Long distances can be measured with a tape measure.

Korinenko Daniel

This article is about the fact that a person in his life can measure any lengths and distances without using measuring instruments.

Download:

Preview:

No ruler or bare-handed measurement

Korinenko Daniel

GBOU gymnasium №406, 5 "g" class

Bobrovskaya Svetlana Ivanovna

Today, there is not a single profession or even a school subject where nothing needs to be measured with instruments or by eye, that is, without instruments.

Well, of course, we all have measuring devices at home. This is the clock by which you will know when to go to school and when your favorite TV show will start; a thermometer, which everyone will surely glance at when going out; electricity meter and much more.

Have you ever had this situation: you need to measure something, but there are no rulers, tape measures and other measuring instruments within reach?

If you have absolutely nothing at hand, you have at least arms and legs !!!

And, although we are all different, on average, some parts of the body are quite similar in size to all of us.

For example, there was such a situation: they were buying a TV. Dad knew the dimensions of the trunk of the car (length, height, depth), and he measured the dimensions of the box with his hand, or rather, the distance between the thumb and forefinger, i.e. by a span.

Why this topic is not relevant, if without any tools, you can measure the height of a box, pillar, pyramid, tree, etc.

Problem: is it possible to measure objects without standard measuring instruments.

Goal: justify the importance of measuring different quantities without measuring instruments.

Tasks :

Analyze the literature on ancient measures of length

Compare and summarize the need for non-standard measurement measures.

Conduct a survey of classmates

Identify the presence or absence of interest in my project

Hypothesis : suppose you need to measure something, and there is nothing at hand. A person in his life can measure any lengths and distances without using measuring instruments.

The first units of measurement of quantities were not very accurate. For example, distances were measured in steps. Of course, the step size is different for different people, but they took a certain average value. For measuring long distances, the step was too small a unit. Therefore, in ancient Rome, for such measurements servedmile (this is a path of 1000 double steps, with both right and left feet).

And even greater distances were measuredtransitions or days of travel. In Jack London's story "White Silence", an Indian, when asked how much is left to travel, replies: "You go 10 dreams, 20 dreams, 40 dreams", i.e. days. Estonian sailors measured the distancepipes ... So they called the path traveled by the ship at normal speed during the time a pipe full of tobacco was smoked. In Spain, the same measure of distance servedcigar, and in Japan - horse shoe... This was the name of the path traversed by a horse until the straw sole tied to its feet wears out, replacing the horseshoe in this country.

One of the most common units of length waselbow , i.e. the distance from the elbow to the end of the middle finger.

But elbows vary from person to person. Therefore, in each city, the king who ruled him issued a decree on which elbow all his subjects should use. And when the small kingdoms merged into one large state, then appropriate instructions came from the capital.

The measuring ruler will not always be at hand, and it is useful to be able to do without it somehow. The easiest way to measure long or short distances is with steps. To do this, you need to know the length of your stride. Of course, the steps are not always the same, but we can still know their average length. To do this, you need to measure the length of many steps together and calculate the length of one from here. Another old rule applies to walking speed: a person walks as many kilometers per hour as he takes steps in 3 seconds !!!

In theory, everything is clear, but in practice there was such an experiment: to measure the length of the car. By measuring your stride length with a tape measure. It is equal to 70 cm. The length of the machine according to the technical passport \u003d 431 cm. According to measurements, the length of the machine is 6 steps, i.e. 420 cm. There is an error.

Palm measurement, or rather the width of the hand

In ancient Russia, small objects were measured with a palm, and in English stories one can often find a description of how a peasant or a horse lover determined the height of a horse by the number of palms. Knowing the size of your desk, measuring it with your palms and a span. Happened:

Table length \u003d 200 cm.

table length \u003d 12 spans * 16 cm \u003d 192 cm;

table length \u003d 24 palms * 9cm \u003d 216cm

Let's also measure the door in our room:

Door frame height \u003d 25 palms or 13 spans

Door frame height (data from the store) \u003d 210 cm

These experiments will interest everyone and you can measure everything around! Starting from classmates and ending with a sandwich!

Fathom \u003d growth;

sandwich \u003d 6 coins for 10 rubles.

TO MEASURE means to find the value of a certain physical quantity with the help of special technical devices. Moreover, it is compared with the value of the same name, taken as a unit.

Measurement is one of the most important things in modern life. The first units for measuring quantities were not very accurate. In Russia for a long time there were many different fathoms, palm, etc. The modern unit is mm, cm, dm, meter, etc.

"What does it mean to measure?" in short, you can answer like this "To measure is to compare with a standard." In everyday life, a measuring standard must always be available. For a student, a textbook can serve as a reference, as well as a "living scale", for example, the width of the nail, or the length of the index finger. You may notice that "live scale" is more acceptable.

Whether you need to determine the size of your ready-to-wear clothes from the size chart, or you just want to sew something for yourself or someone else, correctly taken measurements are the key to the perfect fit of any item to your figure. It is best to take measurements with a special measuring tape, but if you do not have one at hand, you can use other available means.

Steps

Selection of measuring instruments

Look for something flexible to take your measurements. Try to find something flexible in your home that you can easily wrap around your body for your measurements.

• Try using available materials such as yarn, twine, cloth trim, or wire.
• The material you choose should not be of great value to you, as you will have to apply a centimeter scale to it, cut it or otherwise damage it to make it easier for you to take measurements.

1. Find an object with a length you know exactly. Look for a straight-edged item that you know the exact length. Depending on the specific item, you can either use it as a measuring tool, or measure with it another material, such as string.

   Apply a scale with centimeter marks on the selected material for measurements. If you do not know the exact length of the item you chose instead of the measuring tape, take a ruler and mark it with a measuring scale.

   For taking measurements, attach an impromptu measuring tape to your body. Apply the prepared measuring material to the part of the body you are going to measure to determine its length, based on the centimeter marks applied to the material or from knowing its exact dimensions.

   • If the material used is too short to measure the required length, place your finger as accurately as possible at the point where the material ends, and reapply it (the material) to this point to continue measuring. Do this as many times as necessary to complete the measurement.
   • If you want to first find out the length of any part of the body and only then measure it in centimeters, attach the measuring material to that part of the body and mark the place on it with your fingers (or, if you are using twine, even cut the material in that place) where the required length ends. Then take a ruler or use your hand's approximate measurements to find out the length of your measurement.
   • Be sure to write down all the measurements received and do not forget to sign what the numbers you indicated refer to.

   Taking measurements for women's clothing

   1. Measure your bust. To determine your own bust or the bust of another woman, it is necessary to hold the measuring material around the body along the shoulder blades, under the armpits and along the most protruding part of the chest.

      Determine your waist circumference. Take a measurement material and determine the circumference of your natural waist - the narrowest part of your body. To locate your waist, look in a mirror and notice the area of \u200b\u200byour body just above your belly button but below your rib cage.

      Measure your hips. To determine your hip circumference, wrap the measuring material around the widest part of your hips.

      • Usually the widest point of the hips is 20 cm below the natural waistline, however this parameter varies from person to person. You can take several different measurements to pinpoint the largest one.
      • If you are taking measurements from yourself, be sure to check through the mirror that the measuring material passes horizontally around the hips and buttocks.

   2. Find out the length of the crotch. To determine the length of the crotch of the trousers, it is necessary to measure the distance along the inside of the leg from the crotch to the ankle. At the same time, the leg should remain straight.

      Take additional measurements if necessary. Use your gauge material to take any other measurements that are listed in the garment sizing chart or are needed for a pattern.

   Taking measurements for men's clothing

   Measure the circumference of your neck. Take a measuring material and measure the circumference of the neck at its base.

   Determine your chest girth. To measure the girth of the chest, it is necessary to carry the measuring material around the body along the shoulder blades, under the armpits and along the most protruding part of the chest.