What a ceiling insulation should be. How to warm the ceiling under the cold roof

The ceiling and the roof accounts for, depending on the local conditions and construction of the house, 15-40% of its heat loss. Builders for the insulation of ceilings, overlaps and roofs count the markup, because Work time-consuming and often have it to do on weight. However, the ceiling insulation is quite possible, without a construction qualification: the technology is not difficult and in most cases does not require special equipment. To help those who decide to warm on top of themselves, and this article is intended.

The general scheme of ceiling insulation with modern materials is not particularly difficult, on the left in Fig: vaporizolation (parobarar) does not allow from the inside to the insulation pair of moisture, capable of spoiling it. The waterproof membrane does not allow liquid moisture to it, incl. And condensate in the attic, but launches the water pair, which still penetrates the insulation. In insignificant quantities, but, accumulating, it is able to reduce insulation on no and reverse the construction of the building.

However, behind the external simplicity there is a long evolution of insulation techniques and a lot of thin nuances, without knowledge of which there may be in vain. therefore next will be considered:

Physics and features of insulation technology from above.
Properties of modern insulating materials and additional coatings to them: films of subcoase, hydro and vaporizolizing; How to choose to choose materials for insulation.
The possibility of using traditional cheap insulators and insulation: clay, clay, sawdust, etc.
Schemes and methods of ceiling insulation: on the side of the attic, from the inside of the rooms; Also from the inside from the roof side - for houses without a attic (eg dacha and temporary) or with an attic.
How to insulate the ceiling in a house with a cold roof and concrete floors.
Methods of ceiling insulation in utility rooms; First of all in the garage and bath.

Cold and warm roofs

Cold is called the roof without t. Roofing cake: A multi-layer insulation building structure between the counterclaim under the roof flooring and the inner skin on the rafters. The device of roofing pie refers to another topic - the insulation of the roof, but then we will have to get acquainted with it. First, for underacted buildings and mansard. Secondly, in a private house, the insulation of the ceiling on the side of the attic and the roof is inextricably linked technologically and structurally, which can be seen on the right on the upper rice. The insulation of the ceiling with the attic along with the roof from the inside gives the following advantages:

2 layers of the insulation of 100 mm, separated by an extensive thermal buffer in the form of an attic room, are equivalent to the 1st layer of the same material in 270-280 mm;
From paragraph 1, the cost savings should be saved to 40%, and the total, taking into account the larger consumption of the film, is 10-15%, which allows you to apply more effective insulation materials;
Heating the ceiling outside and the roof from the inside at the same time, you can do the interburst insulation (see below), which is easier technologically and affordable to an unprepared to the lover;
"Two-stage" insulation of the top of the building will allow, if necessary, additionally insulate the rooms from the inside separately without the risk of reinforcing the room.

About Minvate

Warming of Minvata in the Russian Federation beats all records of popularity: Material is inexpensive, working with it is easy. This is also explained above all the large reserves of easily affordable raw materials and production technology worked in many decades. The disposal of a domain slag in the USSR had to take care of even during the industrial jump of the first five-year plans, and for a breakthrough to space, thermal protection of returned capsules on the basis of fibers from repulsed heat-resistant rocks was developed. So the "modern" methods of production of slag and stone (especially basalt) wool are not really so new.

Mineral wool professionals especially like: expensive special equipment do not need to be needed, but there is a wide range of speckling and accessories for it. As a result, the ceiling is up to 20-25 square meters. m is possible to insulate in less than 1 work shift, or even in 2-3 hours, this is who can do. How it looks technologically, you can judge the video below.

Video: An example of the insulation of the ceiling of mineral wool

By reading further, you may have a question: and where is the membrane between the insulation and the ceiling? It is possible that in this case it is not needed if the attic with the roof is already insulated; Why do the owners lay out too much. More attention should be paid to the following precautions when working with mineral wool:

Full wiring rolled into the bay and hanging on the wall.
Judging by the fact that the working light is used on the outlet, the room is completely de-energized, and its wiring is disabled in the nearest distribution box or on the introductory shield is absolutely correct and absolutely necessary.
The master is dresses a complete set of personal protective equipment (SIZ): Special overalls, gloves, glasses, respirator. For an amateur mastery, this is an important point, because Pretty expensive SIZ will have to use once.

It is already clear that the Ministry of Service is not devastable: it is allergen and carcinogen group 3. Suitable for residential premises, but it is necessary to work with it. In addition, the manufacturers and sellers and sellers, under the action of even insignificant amounts of moisture vapors and their own weight, gives an irreversible shrinkage, as a result of which for 3 years, its thermal conductivity drops by 50%: the air intervals in the insulation are the same thermal bridges. , like metal jumpers, only on the basis of microconvection. Gaps between plates in 5% of the insulated surface area increase heat loss by 30-35%

From here it follows another unpleasant circumstance: Simplicity of work with Minvata - apparent. When trimming the plates / rolls in size, you need to give an idiot (usually 20-40 mm) so that the plates lay in the openings of the battle without druiting, as to the right in fig., But in the following shrinkage, the gaps did not go. Perhaps this is only on the basis of experience, because The properties of the material varies significantly from the party to the party.

Finally, the thermal conductivity of absolutely new minvati significantly depends on its humidity - towards deterioration. Improving air humidity in a warmed mining room with 60% to 85% leads to an increase in heat loss by 10-12%. Therefore, in the future presentation, we, focusing after all the most popular insulation, will give, where possible, recommendations for replacing it than - Better better.

Note: Look also to the mounting conductor (arranged green on the left in Fig.). If instead of the fishing line to use propylene linen cord, then the conductor can be left constant. Then you will not need special loosening and, when installing the ceiling and a surface with a negative slope, the signs of the middle and corners of the plates will be excluded.

Physics and technique insulation

As you know, a critical factor for insulation - dew point, Temperature at which this absolute, in g / cube. M of the air, the content of water vapor in it corresponds to 100% relative humidity and condensate falls. Dew points getting into residential premises are unacceptable: excessively wet air is destructive on health, and for asthmatics and cores may turn out to be a fatal circumstance.

For building structures, the dew point is not at all useful: from periodic saturation of moisture concrete and brick crumbling, wood molds and rotates, because The resource of its antiseptic impregnation is notgeful. Since it is impossible to drive out the dew point forever, it remains to give it to "walk" by insulation, ensuring it isolation from moisture vapor and ventilating. The easiest of the insulation scheme is realized when installing the insulation outside, pos. 1a in fig.

Methods of "Fight" with a dew point when insulation

Sometimes it is technically impossible to warm outside. Or additional insulation is required to an existing one. Analogue - in the older in highly severe frosts were put on 2 fur coats: an inside of the fur inside, and on top of her - the fur outside. In this case, i.e. When insulation from the inside, its scheme is developing such that the condensate in the insulation migrate to the cold surface, and it has been glad to the collection and removed or evaporated, pos. 1b. The most insulated material in this case is needed without losing insulating properties during moisture. Such exist, see below.

Features of ceiling insulation

Features of the ceiling insulation first, in which it is impossible to organize the drain condensate. Even if the ceiling is inclined, the water is that, on the walls of flowing? Drainaged walls in construction are known, but the complexity and cost of them are such that it remains here only to mention. Secondly, warm (sourcing vapor) and the cold side of the ceiling in a low-rise building can vary in places and during the cold season, due to solar heating. Therefore, the ceiling insulation technology is primarily oriented to ensure that the condensate in the insulation is not. And if it was formed, then you need to give it the opportunity to evaporate outside as possible, i.e. in the cold side.

Cold overlap

At the ceiling of well conductive material, for example. Concrete, when insulating the outside of a loose material, 3 air gaps A, B and C are provided for this. 2a. Gap A, between vaporizolation (parobarar) and a layer of insulation - safety, in case of abundant condensate falling, which is possible on the cold surface. The gap a necessarily ventilated, it is difficult to perform it technically, so it is desirable to warm the ceilings on concrete floors to be insulated with massive, i.e. Impermeable to moisture insulation. One of the practically important cases of this kind is further considered. The gap B is accumulating, it creates partial pressure of water vapor, ensuring their diffusion through a semi-permeable membrane, transmitting gases, but delaying liquid moisture. Clearance C is the main worker, it is also ventilated, but because it is closer to the outside, to ensure its "purgeness" is simpler, for example, in the form of a slit around the perimeter.

Note: If there is a technical opportunity and the ability to make a gap also b ventilated, it will only benefit insulation.

Warm overlap

"Warm", i.e. A poorly conductive overlap, creates a rather high barrier on the way from the inside, which shifting the dew point in the insulation layer, if you look at the pos. 2b. This makes it possible to do without a gap A, which in turn simplifies the insulation of a wooden ceiling outside. Suddenly, the condensate on the border of the parobamire and the basics will still fall out, then in a small amount, immediately absorbed into the tree, and then, without arguing moisture in the room to the critical mark, slowly evaporates. The tenants most likely not notice - wood keeps its mechanical and heat engineering parameters in a wide range of humidity.

Therefore, it is preferable to insulate a wooden ceiling, pos. 3: The foundation is stated in an inexpensive film parobararier (see below), an ordinary waterproof film without metallization will also be used to the membrane. It is only necessary to arrange an air gap between the insulation and the membrane; About his role said above.

Aweigh

Parobaria Requirements are tougher if water vapor is obtained from free space, because In this case, the intensity of their "attack" is not limited. Then the parobarar is needed from a foil film, pos. 4, because No plastic is an absolute obstacle for water vapor. The gap A between the parobarrier and the insulation is also needed, but now it is to ensure it is constructive easier. Critting the parobarrier to the insulation, as on the pos. 5, it is undesirable in all respects, even if the steam barrier with the substrate, see further: and the work is superfluous, and the insulation is worse.

Materials for insulation

The modern successes of the technique of insulation of buildings are largely due to the achievements in the field of separation films (membranes). "Old Good" Ruberoid and Pergamine with counterparts still find application, but working for themselves, the least one should save on films. And due to quality with durability, and in view of the fact that, having spent a bit "top" on insulating membranes, you can save more on the insulation. Therefore, with membranes and begin.

Barriers and membranes

As clearly of the previously used in the insulation of buildings, the separation coatings are divided into vaporizolizing, or parobac plates, cutting fluids with their evaporation, and waterproofing (membrane), which is delaying only the liquid phase. Parobilers, in turn, are divided into film, fooled and foils with a capillary substrate (T. Naz. Volgisoles), and membranes - for single-layer film, film microforetted with bilateral parrottees, and so on. Superdiffusion membranes, passing couples only one way.

PARBAPERs

Film parobachers are effective only polypropylene thickness from 60 microns. Polyethylene of any thickness due to its most nanostructure vapor permanent, which would be the opposite to anyone claimed. PVC under the action of temperature and humidity drops is rather soon becoming fragile and cracks.

The basis of the foil parobacker may be polyethylene, because Gaza does not let the foil layer on it. On the high-quality material of this class, the rib foil is tightly on the edge of the tape, and in the corner it can be picked up with a sharp knife, i.e. Foil is thick enough. In pholoizols with the substrate there is still a layer of fibrous material (most often syntheps) on the reverse, i.e. Driving to the insulation side. Condensate will fall out, it quickly goes to the capillary of the substrate quickly goes on the edges of the coating, so pholoisoles with the substrate should be mounted with tensions, like floorproofing of the floor, which goes into the ventilation gap around the perimeter.

Note: In the structures of insulation on pholoisols with the "Insurance" substrate, the "A" gap (see above) is not required.

Membranes

Simple film membranes are common waterproofing, incl. and polyethylene. For the insulation of the ceilings, they are only suitable in heated rooms, because In addition to vapors, passed in a noticeable amount and fluid. When insulating the attic, it is desirable to use microporphic films. Most often, they are produced with 3-layer with reinforcement, left in rice; Also used as coatings of greenhouses and greenhouses. For the insulation of the ceiling in them, it is good that the reinforcing mesh does not give a film strongly and ensures a stable height of the gap b.

Superdiffusion membranes on sale go like underlined films, in the center in fig. Their outdoor side is smooth, metallized, designed for resistance to atmospheric precipitation. Couples pass through it out; Outdoor or installed, or it is outside and in a roll. The wind strength of the submarine films provides through reinforcement: in high-quality membranes it is easily forgiven with the inside, and the film looks like a seashed, right in fig.

Insulation

Materials for insulation actually are divided into:

Monolithic, or massive - dense, moistureproof. The dew point may wander in them as if without prejudice to the quality of insulation.
Loose, fibrous and porous - are produced in the form of plates (mats) or rolls. The cheapest and technological is relatively insulation. Gigroscopic, from moistening the properties of the material deteriorate, often irreversibly, so we need measures to protect insulation from moisture and its ventilation.
Bulk / sprayed - insulated layer is formed in place; For high-quality insulation, special equipment is required.

Monolithic

Foamed polystyrene is suitable from the monolithic insulation for independent work. The attic and ceiling under the cold roof must be insulated with extruded polystyrene foam - EPPS. For the insulation, the EPPS is produced by t-shirt plates, which eliminates the formation of air thermal mass; Therefore, the schemes of insulation of the foam is very simple and inexpensive due to the small costs of the membranes, see for example. In fig. Epps does not give a shrinkage, not hygroscopic. It is durable, it is capable of working as part of the supporting structures, its insulating qualities of the highest, and durability in the open air, according to the latest data, up to 100 years and more.

The usual granular foam from strong oscillations of external conditions can begin to get lazy for the winter, but is easily processed and mounted on any surface glue for water-based tiles or PVA. Its layer of 30 mm is equivalent to minvat in 100 mm, therefore, it is advisable to warm with low ceilings from the inside with foam plastic.

The plates of foam and eppt are not bent, so they can only be mounted on the open surfaces; To insulate the EPPS roof, you have to disassemble the roof. However, more serious disadvantage is its flammability and isolation when sunbathing a huge number of highly toxic gases. If the fire in the warmed polystyrene foam from the inside of the room occurred at night, when everyone slept, the tenants are actually doomed: evacuating people under such circumstances only in some cases. Therefore, it is possible to use polystyrene foam for internal insulation only in limited quantities and then when it cannot be different; One of these options see below.

Fibrous / porous

The main advantage of loose insulation is the high productivity of labor with them without the use of special equipment, therefore, pro-individuals are already committed to them for which time is money. For independent work from Rukhlyakov, minvat and sheet / slab polyurethane foam (neoprene) are suitable for independent work. Minvata disassembled in detail earlier, and neoprene for the insulation of large areas of too roads, although moisture is not afraid and compared with EPPS.

Sprayed and bulk

By the totality of the operational qualities, the EPPS is almost not inferior to the sprayed insulation of foamies. In the frozen form, they are similar to foam, but are made on a formaldehyde-carbamide basis, so poorly burning and distinguished little not very poisonous smoke. The mass forming foamizole can be supplied to hard-to-reach cavities, and craft-paper or pergamine is sufficient from the separators, if only the foaming mass has not shuffled through the slot. However, foamies and sneakers themselves, and are sprayed with expensive installations. To work with a foamy station, serious vocational training is necessary, therefore, the equipment for spraying foamizol does not give up.

You can independently work with a cellulose insulation, or an eco-way: the use of a blowing plant does not require any profits, so they are on a wide sale and rental, from cargo to small like a backpack or a suitcase. EcoWhat as a insulation relatively little known in the Russian Federation, but compared with the Minvata, it is just a miracle:

On thermal conductivity 0.037-0.042 W / (m * k) approximately equal to Minvate; The thickness of the Eco-out 100 mm is equivalent to the wall in 3 red full-scale bricks. This makes it possible to do with interbalable insulation, see below.
To moisture in 20% heat insulating properties of eco-plates are not falling; Drying after the limit moisture is completely restored.
Sorption moisture absorption in 72 hours in an atmosphere with 100% humidity - 16%.
Does not shrink, do not pump.
Chemically neutral, does not cause corrosion.
Due to the presence of 12% antiseptic (boric acid) and 7% of the antipyrine (borants), weakly fuel and in the extremely hot flame almost does not highlight smoke, see left in Fig. below.

Uncontractable for rodents: glass gamble eaten, and the eco-friend does not touch. 5 years later, on applying in the house, where mice are sicked, their moves in the eco-house are not detected.
Application is possible dry by manual way to open horizontal surfaces, with moisture to the reveal installation in hard-to-reach cavities (in the center and right in Fig.), With moisturizing and adding 5-15% glue on the surface vertical and with a negative slope, both manual and coating. .
High labor productivity when applied by a moistened deposition (attention and pros) should be drawn: Paul, walls, ceiling and roof (!) Houses with an attic area in terms of 120 square meters. M "Fold" for 1 work shift.

Note, for reference: Equata is on sale under the names of Cellulose Insulation, Ekofiber Ab, Ekorema, Ekovilla, Excel, Isodan, Seluvilla, Termex. The global leader of production and application is Finland.

The most serious advantage of eco-house - it is hypoallergenne and hypocancower. Does not detect those and other properties. The raw material for the production of eco-makeup is a waste paper, and who has anyone and when and when something inflamed or was combed from old newspapers? Is that in brains from the content of articles. But for the preparation of eco-plating, the paper carrier together with the content is grinding into a homogeneous gray mass.

There are three disadvantages:

First, the cost of a unit of its mass is about 30% higher than that of Minvati. However, if you consider the difference in the cost of PPE for minvati and rent a manual "blowout", then the high costs remain approx. fifteen%. We will throw more expenses for membranes (for EcoWing enough kraft paper from a warm side) - the cost of insulation is almost equal. And if you warm the ceiling from the attic manually, then the eco-house will cost and cheaper.
Secondly, the eco-friend need to be prepared. The initial mass is sold compressed by 2.5-3.5 times, it is necessary to fluff into some tank, add, if necessary, water and glue. It is already bad for the pros; Time is money, and blowing plants that prepare a lot of themselves, very expensive. But for an amateur and one-time work, this deficiency is not particularly significant.
Thirdly, a moistened eco-friendly applied in any way at temperatures above 23 degrees and air humidity up to 65-70% to dry. It is seriously holding back its application: while the thunder is not born, the man will not cross. In the summer of insulation who thinks? And I went chill and heating accounts - you can only apply dry, far from everywhere and not always.

Note: If you have a little eco-friendly from work, keep in mind - this is a great material for crafts from papier-mache.

Ceramzit and Penolrochka

Traditional ceramzite (left in Fig.), The advantages and disadvantages of which are known, can also be replaced by a somewhat more expensive material, but the best - the crumb of foam glass or simply foaming, on the right there. Penolrochka is easier to clamzit, so it can be satisfied with a weak base: fragile flooring, in pockets from drywall (see below), etc. Its insulating properties above, allergenic and carcinogenic are not detected. An example of two-stage ceiling insulation with clay and minorvata is shown in Fig. below. The film membrane (bilateral permeable, not underground) provides steam-exchange between the warming steps necessary to avoid condensate falling in the Minvat. If the clamzite is replaced by Plenokrochki, and the Minvatu is an eco-way, then instead of the membrane, it will be enough polyethylene with a thickness of 120 μm. In this case, the mounting conductor is not needed, and the insulation from the inside can be launched in the entire height of ceiling beams.

Sawdust and chips

Wood processing waste is also traditional insulation. How to insulate a chip attic, see the roller below. The insulation of the ceiling sawdust is more attractive, the first, their bad flammability. The second - on the nearest panel "Opil" you can offer for free of charge in any quantity, and even deliver at your own expense.

Video: Waste with sawdust ceiling and floor in the attic

However, the availability of sawdust is the reverse side of the medal, they have a very big drawback: they can "wrap up", to care. In this case, CH3OH pairs are highlighted. Yes, yes, of the very tree (methyl) alcohol, from which unlucky drunks, in the throats of which with a voluptuous boulder goes out, it would seem that everything that is not water is blinded and dying. Therefore, the sawers and are pleased to get rid of the "opila": according to modern sanitary requirements, sawdust from under the sawmills should be deleted continuously and immediately go to disposal.

Meanwhile, it's not so difficult to get rid of both disadvantages of wood-trap and expensive. Approximately the same way that makes a safe eco-friendly. The correct warming of woodworking waste is as follows:

Work lead in summer in the world and sup;
In advance in 2 separate containers (be sure to separate), strong solutions of born and borants are prepared;
The insulation is poured with layers of 3-5 cm;
Each layer is plentifully sprayed with the same solutions alternately with the help of plaster brush-maclovers or homemade coupling;
The subsequent layer is poured and sprayed after complete drying of the previous one.

As for sawdust, a reliable guarantee from their fermentation, even on a damp, the attic gives even a frustration based on the bastard and clay, see below. Describe why, here, unfortunately, there is no possibility; The case in the unique properties of clay and the outer layers of coniferous wood. The insulation of this species is known in houses of more than 100 years ago. But, once again, unfortunately, it is difficult to find fatty clay in nature, it is a valuable mineral raw material, and on sale - not cheap.

How to insulate the ceiling?

With attic

Main methods of ceiling insulation outside, i.e. From the attic, shown in Fig. Preferably, of course, to do with interbalable insulation. In this case, note that with a sufficiently massive gas supply, the ceiling must be taken challenges on the ceiling beams or to circle them with a vaporcoat. Parobarrier then can be a film. If the ceiling is thin, then the jumps of its heat resistance in the locations of the beams can be harmful. Then the foil parobarar is fastened from the inside between the beams and the ceiling.

With full insulation, i.e. Before the calculated power of the insulation, more laborious, but also more efficient will be the scheme on the right in acc. Sections Rice: The inter-bull layer is placed in roll or slab, and the bullshit - from square mats by the rotary, i.e. With displacement of seams.

Note: Pay attention to the section Fig. Right down. This is the most insulation of a hill with clay suitable for all types of insulation without using synthetic membranes.

From the inside

Without attic

In the private farm, in addition to the additional insulation described above, from the inside most often it is necessary to insulate the corruptible structures "on the go", in the middle of the cold season. Let's say, they started to build, built at the time of the Hozblok or Townka, and then it turned out that it would have to winter. Or the chickens stopped rushing, the pig of something burned and soothes in front of her eyes. There's nothing to be hungry, you have to warm the roof.

The typical design of the warm roof is shown on the left in fig. Heat tank winds are needed to avoid corner frost. In this system there are 2 nodes, a and b (ventilated lip and counterbuilding, or controlling), which should not be done without disassembling the roof. However, the "bypass" of the node A is shown in Fig. Right up. It is taken into account that, firstly, in light buildings from individual developers of the skate bar, as a rule, does not happen, and the skate "beam" is done by knocking down Mr. 2 boards. The ventilation holes are drilled by 2-3 on the span between the rafters. If the whole roof is only the ruberoid, then there is nothing to do that through the ventilation a rain is not dried, you need to climb up and install some skate run with a gap, at least from bent zinc.

How to be with a node B, shown to the right below. It uses the fact that in the fine, self-restraint (carrier design) of the roof of the roof is not performed. The role of longitudinal beams embedded into the rafter legs lay on the shells under the roof, and the spans between the rafters are free from the bottom. In fig., It is necessary to assume everything is clear: the underpantle of the membrane will have to be superimposed by pieces, and the necessary power of the insulation makes it necessary, if necessary, with the help of pad bars.

In an apartment building

Independently insulate the ceilings in an apartment building possible only from the inside. First, residents of law do not have work on the roof or a common attic; Secondly, for which contributions to the overhaul pay? Roof crews - you need to require its insulation from the operator; Does not want - all legitimate rights on the side of residents.

Nevertheless, while there is a cheese-boron year, there is something for insulation the ceiling in the apartment can be done with their own hands. A typical scheme of the ceiling insulation from the inside of concrete is shown on the left in Fig. The main drawback is not at all expensive, subject to corrosion and are not always so effective as manufacturers, special metal products for insulation with thermoshabamy thermoshabami. Not as thermoshabs for the installation of polycarbonate! It can be replaced with a wooden crate. And not special materials for thermosazor around the perimeter and the complexity of working with them.

The main thing - from the height of the room is 0.4-0.5 m. It does not add inhabitants and in modern apartments, and what to talk about the most needing insulation of Khrushchev with ceilings in 2.5 m?

But here is an acceptable way out of position. We take into account first, that in the stone houses warmly goes through the ceiling mainly in the corners. Who did not see how the ceilings in mono-coils are molded and molded, believe me. Secondly, block and monolithic houses are very rack to fire. It is possible to achieve an extensive fire in them only thoughtful malicious effects. Therefore, it is possible to apply granulated foam in a small volume.

The scheme of the insulation of the concrete ceiling, spent still in brews when plasterboard appeared on sale, is given to the right in Fig. From the height of the ceiling in this way, everything is going on. 5 cm. Perform the filling of the corners of the corners is quite difficult, therefore such a technology and then did not particularly worry: the corners are squeezed first along the short sides of the room and fill in the insulation from the sides. Then the corners of long sides and fall asleep the insulation in the intervals between the shells of the crate. Polyfoam and horizontal binder mounted last.

And now let's remember once again about the eco-house. Will it be difficult to blow it into pockets? At least through temporary technological hatches? The question is rhetorical.

Special cases

Attic

Mansard insulation is actually the same particular topic as roof insulation. Here, it is appropriate to mention it again in connection with the Equata. Look at the left in fig., Polished red. In private houses climb into this attic without disassembling roofing or not at all, or it is impossible to work there. And to blew an emotor instead of the recommended rolled insulation, you can without any difficult difficulties.

Garage and Banya

Roofs of garages are often mounted on steel 2-beamed beams or chambers. Reliably, the price does not particularly bite, but what to do with such thermal bridges, if you need to warm? The warring ceiling insulation scheme on steel beams is given to the left in Fig. Its feature is that the plates of the insulation laid at least 2 layers by the rotor horizontally and vertical. In this way, it is possible to reduce heat loss to acceptable. If you use the eclash, the cavities between the beams and between the sewing and the beams sim simply be blown. Pholoisol is then not needed, enough kraft paper from the inside over the ceiling binder.

The case is easier: the features of its design, without which the bath is not a bath, and the thermal / humidity mode of operation allow you to develop a universal scheme of the ceiling insulation of the bath, which is shown in Fig. on right. Feature: If the insulation of Minvat, then the basalt, the other will not pull thermal loads and periodic references. If you warm the bath with an emotory, then the peculiarity is that it is necessary to prepare a mass with the addition of glue.

The insulation of ceiling structures in a private house is one of the stages of the ceiling arrangement, and far from the most difficult. All that needs to be done to perform this work is to understand the thermal insulating layer device, choose the optimal insulation for a particular situation and to mount it correctly. How correctly insulate the ceiling in a private house, and will be discussed in this article.

Selection of insulation

For a long time to reflect on whether it is necessary to insulate the ceiling, it does not have to, because the answer is obvious. The thermal insulation is designed not only to preserve heat within the building, but also to reduce heating costs. The fact is that the thermal energy seeks to get out of the house, and the greatest leaks always occur through ceiling and outdoor structures. The insulation of inter-storey floors can be mediocre, but the ceiling, followed by a unwanted attic, should be protected very well - otherwise most of the heat will go through the roof.

Choosing the insulation on the ceiling in a private house, you need to take into account the whole complex of parameters, among which:

The level of thermal conductivity - the lower this indicator, the less heat loss will be;
The coefficient of moisture absorption - a decrease in this parameter is directly proportional to the volume of moisture, which can absorb into the insulation;
Weight and density - the lower, the more convenient the material will be mounted;
Class of flammability - it is desirable to select the products of category G1;
Ecology.

For the manufacture of floors in private homes, it is used or concrete, or a tree. The insulation of concrete structures can be carried out with bulk and sprayed materials, as well as slaughter products. For working with wooden floors, any kinds of insulation are suitable - if only they had a minimum thermal conductivity. Ways to mount insulation may differ, so it is necessary to consider each case individually.

Methods of thermal insulation ceiling

The ceiling insulation in a private house can be performed in two ways:

Internal;
Outdoor.

Methods are quite different, and each of them has a number of characteristic features. Both insulation variants can be used both apart and together (in the latter case the greatest efficiency is achieved). To insulate the ceiling in a private house with their own hands, it is worth considering both ways to look for more details and understand the nuances peculiar to them.

Domestic

Performing ceiling insulation in the room, it is necessary to mount the framework on which thermal insulation materials will be kept. This method is not very profitable - first, the useful volume of the room after the installation of all elements is reduced, and secondly, to mount the system under the ceiling is quite uncomfortable, so it will take more time and effort.

So that the ceiling insulation inside the house could function normally, it is necessary to mount the vapor insulation layer. The thing is that steam inevitably moves up and tries to go beyond the placement. If this does not happen, then the pairs of moisture will lead to the rotting of the insulation, as a result of which he will lose its properties.

Outdoor

With outdoor insulation, the situation is much easier. Mounting the frame in this case does not have to be installed, and as a heater you can use any materials that have a low degree of thermal conductivity - sawdust, slag, eco-water, ceramzite, etc. This method of insulation is especially relevant for attic rooms that are not planned to be used as residential.

With the arrangement of the attic in the attic, the external insulation will be one of the floor mounting stages. Of course, the complexity of installation is increasing because of this - you will have to collect the framework for an outdoor structure, which in the future (after laying the insulation) will be sevented outside. It is possible to cover the floor by any materials that are used to cover the floor - boards, durable plywood or OSB plates.

Concrete ceiling internal insulation device

It is much easier on the side of the attic room to equip the thermal insulation of concrete floors - each stage of work will be quite convenient. However, there is no such possibility, so it is necessary to carry out the ceiling insulation in the house from the inside, forming a frame for heat-insulating materials under the overlap.

For mounting you need to prepare the following set of tools:

Perforator or drill (for drilling holes in the overlap);
Screwdriver and drill set;
Building level;
Cord and marker for applying.

Also even before heating the ceiling, you need to purchase all building materials:

A sufficient amount of metal profiles for drywall (a good alternative will be wooden bars of a square cross section of 40x40 mm);
Suspensions for profiles;
Fasteners (the "crabs" are best for suspended ceilings);
Thermal insulation material (foam or mineral plates, or rolled insulation);
Sheets for outdoor framework (drywall or plywood);
Variazolation film.

The insulation of the ceiling from the inside in a private house is as follows:

First you need to mark the markup. In order for the design in the end in its place, the markup must take into account the features of the frame and the room. The frame itself consists of transverse and longitudinal racks that are attached to each other with the help of "crabs" and hold onto the ceiling by the suspensions.
To simplify work, it is necessary to mount the longitudinal racks in such a way that the step between them coincides with the width of the selected insulation. However, an excessive increase in step (over 80 cm) will also not lead to anything good - as a result, the rigidity of the structure will be insufficient.
The markings itself is applied to all the walls along which the framework will be installed. The markup is applied in accordance with the cord, which is stretched between the corners and is checked for level alignment. Having placing the walls, you need to go to the ceiling and make all the necessary marks on it.
Now you need to mount profiles. First of all, the guide metal-plastic is installed, which must be placed in accordance with the marking available on the walls.
The next step is the installation of suspensions. These elements are usually located on the ceiling in a step of about 80-90 cm. Deciding with the mounting points, you need to drill in the overlap required by the required number of holes.
It's time to form a frame, mounting longitudinal and transverse racks. Of course, when installing these profiles, you need to navigate the markup.
The selected insulation is mounted in the assembled frame. To keep in his place, you need to bend the edges of the suspensions - they will ensure the fixation of the material in the installation process.
Next you need to install a layer of vapor barrier. With the film you need to work very carefully - it has a fragile structure, and it is very easy to damage with something sharp. The vapor barrier film is neatly stretched between the frame racks and is attached to a bilateral scotch.
The last stage is a framework of a frame. Sheets of the skin must be attached so that the minimum clearance is between them. The optimal location of the sheets is perpendicular to the guides. Between themselves, sheets are connected in the middle of the profile. Self-tapping screws are used for fixation, the hats of which need to be slightly drown in the thickness of the material. The distance between the self-pressing for reliable attachment should be about 30 cm, and from the corners of the sheet it is necessary to retreat about 3-4 cm.

Performing the insulation of the ceiling with your own hands from the inside of the house, you need to ensure that the clearance of at least 1 cm remains between the trim and the heat insulator. This gap is necessary to ensure normal ventilation of the structure.

Installation of external heat insulation

The external ceiling warming can have both a single-layer and multilayer design. However, regardless of the design of insulation, it is necessary to try to reduce its total weight, and this is properly relevant for any types of overlaps. If we are talking about bulk materials, then you need to competently determine the required layer thickness. For example, for sawdust, about 25 cm will be required, and a layer of 15 cm thick for high-quality insulation is sufficient.

To move on the attic it is worth collecting a simple frame and put on it the boards or plates. Mount the frame is best made of wooden boards or brusons. The latter will be the perfect option if the final construction will have a small thickness.

Installation algorithm includes the following steps:

First you need to decide on the installation step of the framework. It is best to repel from the width of the selected insulation so that it was convenient to mount it.
Next you need to decide how the transverse and longitudinal frame elements will be installed.
Boards in accordance with the finished scheme are installed by the ends into place and fixed using metal corners and self-tapping screws.

Outdoor insulation can be performed using a variety of thermal insulation materials - mineral wool, foam or bulk insulation. Choose material has individually depending on the financial capabilities and requirements. It is worth considering several options in more detail.

Styrofoam

Warming with foam plates is the easiest option. Polyfoam has fixed dimensions, which allows you to do without a trimming, mounted in advance by the framework, taking into account this parameter. Special requirements are not presented to the dimensions of the plates of special requirements - standard sheets can be a meter and half-meter width, and this difference does not affect the quality of insulation.

Another thing is a foam brand. If we are talking about the insulation of the attic overlap, then the best option will be C25. The density of this brand is high enough, due to which a small thermal conductivity is achieved. If necessary, you can purchase more expensive foam of the C35 brand or polyurethane foam - these materials are considered the most reliable.

Minvata.

Another good option is materials based on mineral fibers. All these materials have excellent performance, but they have a general drawback - mineral wool is very hygroscopic. This suggests that when moisture gets into moisture, the material absorbs her and loses most of its properties.

It is because of this shortage of the possibility of applying minvats are limited. However, this restriction can be bypass for which it will have to take care of the high-quality waterproofing of the attic and overlap, so that the material does not have the ability to contact even with moisture couples, not to mention direct contact.

Sawdust

One of the answers to the question of how to fall asleep the ceiling in the house is sawdust. Sawdust is the cheapest thermal insulation material that is suitable for external insulation. However, low cost can be called hardly the only advantage of this material. Sawdust is an organic material that can be rotable, so it must be mixed with lime before use.

You can also knead the solution consisting of 10 parts of water, one part of the water and one part of the sawdust. When the ceiling heat insulation with sawdust is performed, the stirring process looks like the same as when mixing concrete. The resulting composition is used to fully fill the place in the frame. Before the trim, the material must be left for some time so that it is dry.

Ceramzit

The most convenient bulk insulation is a clay. It is a granular material having particles of different sizes. In order for the effectiveness of insulation to be the maximum, when drought, it is necessary to alternate small granules with large - as a result of voids in the layer it will be less, and it will improve the quality of thermal insulation.

Technology of insulation When using clay, no different material differs from any other bulk materials. First you need to mount the formwork (frame), and then fill it with a uniform layer of granules.

Ekwata.

The raw materials for making are the EcoWhat are not environmentally friendly materials, as it could seem due to the name, and various waste - newspapers, packages or cardboard. The components are processed by acid, so that the finished material has a minimal flammability and is well protected from biological influences.

Of the advantages of eco-houses, it is primarily to note a small thermal conductivity, providing good insulation, and the ability to skip steam, due to which the material does not affect the fungus and mold. In addition, this material is very easy to install and quite suitable for insulation with your own hands.

The insulation of the ceiling is an eco-art in a private house can be carried out dry, wet and adhesive. The first method is quite simple - the material simply stacked in the frame and compacted. For the second and third method, special equipment need to be separated from the desired sections.

Polyurene Foolder

In modern construction, polyurethane foam is very popular, which, in addition to other purposes, is used for insulation. This material is produced as a foam, which can be applied to any types of surfaces. A distinctive feature is the lack of need for any mounts - this insulation for the ceiling inside the house on the cottage itself is alone with everything, which comes into contact.

Among the main advantages of polyurethane foam is worth noting the following qualities:

Low flammability;
Lack of toxic discharge;
Good chemical resistance;
Low hygroscopicity;
Long service life.

The sprayed polyurethane foam forms a solid layer that does not have cracks and gaps, due to which low thermal conductivity is achieved. However, steam can be easily passing through the pores of the material, so it is not necessary to equip vaporizolation. To apply this insulation to the coating, it must be pre-dried (for concrete floors, the allowable moisture level is 4%, and for wooden - 12%).

Plots that should not be insulated, you need to close well before work (polyethylene film or tight fabric is quite suitable). Polyurethane foam is applied with layers subject to constant control of spraying thickness. You can apply the subsequent layer only after the complete pouring of the previous one. Being the most expensive insulation, the polyurethane is very easily applied and perfectly performs functions assigned to it.

Conclusion

The insulation of the ceiling in a private house can be carried out in several ways. In some cases, it will have to make more effort, with others it will be easier, but you have to pay more. The main thing is that for any conditions you can choose the optimal option that will be quite profitable and effective.

The ceiling insulation in a private house is a warranty of warm rooms in winter and a cool climate. It is necessary to take care of this at home. But if the house got ready, you can still insulate the ceiling with minimal effort.

School knowledge of physics can still come in handy in life. So, due to convection, when the cold air is lowered down, and the hot is heading up, everything accumulated indoors heat will penetrate through the not insulated ceiling into the unheated attic. Because of this, it is necessary to increase the power of the boiler and, as a result, carry extra spending on heating.

For the same reason, the ceiling insulation requires a more serious approach than the insulation of the walls - due to the flow of thermal loss of the wooden ceiling, can reach 3 W / m2 / k. For brick or concrete floors, the indicator is even higher. At the same time, the ceilings between the residential premises will not be able to insulate if the temperature in them is the same. It is enough to borrow with sound insulation and save money on the insulation of the attic and roof.

In the summer, it is also better to have a warmed ceiling - the roof is heated in the sun transmits heat into the room, reducing the operation of air conditioners. After spending once on the heat insulation, you can enjoy a comfortable microclimate in your home.

What to pay attention to when choosing a heater?

First of all, you need to decide on the place of laying insulation - inside or outside the residential rooms. The first option is extremely undesirable for several reasons:

decreases the height of the ceilings;
it is impossible to use a bulk insulation;
the cooling point is shifting closer to the inside of the overlaps;
inevitable repairs due to the dismantling of the old ceiling.

Insulation the attic is devoid of all these negative features. But if the attic is not provided, or in the project there is an attic floor, you need to warm the roof immediately.

Choosing materials for insulation do it yourself

Polyfoam or EPPS, as well as minvat and its analogues are suitable for insulation from the inside and outside. These materials are stacked between beams or in a specially built frame and closed with plasterboard, OSB or clapboard plates.

But if there is a sauna in the house, then the ceiling above it is better not to insulate the expanded polystyrium - due to high temperatures, it can start to allocate substances harmful to humans.

For internal insulation, the plates of aerated concrete are also excellent, due to the low weight and ease of installation. Their thickness of up to 10 cm is not "eating" a lot of height, and the additional sheathing will not need. Adhesive glue for polystyrene plates and pressed the ceiling on the slab.

The insulation is shaking and paint.

Pretty economical bulk insulation - chips, eclaw or ceramzit. True, possessing high hygroscopicity, they require good waterproofing. Such a heater is poured between the beams of the attic layer about 15 cm, and for the convenience of movement, the attic is covered with OSB plates.

True, possessing high hygroscopicity, they require good waterproofing.

What insulation do not gnaw mouse?

Mice nibble any insulation. But not as food, but to expand its moves. You can hear the allegations that mice eat foam. It is not quite true - they break it down and build nests in it. But the same fate will comprehend mineral wool, although a little later.

Because of the flowering, it can save the Eco-out - but rodents will trust it to be trite, until they can settle and move normally in the insulation. The most resistant to rodents clayzit is strong "pebbles", quite large so that mice and even rats could not carry them, and at the same time small so much to fall asleep their moves.

But here there are catch - mice will arrange "lying" there. Therefore, the only way to protect the insulation is not to admit rodents in it in principle. Everything else is only a temporary and very unreliable solution.

How to insulate the ceiling of the attic overlap?

Warming with their own hands on the side of the attic is quite simple. First, the space is released and the floor covering is fully removed (if it was). Work is executed:

For the insulation of concrete overlap, the technology is exactly the same - sufficiently on top of concrete lay lags. You can also use sprayed materials, but for this you need special techniques and certain skills.

How to insulate the ceiling from the inside?

With the help of a mounted ceiling, you can warm the room from the inside. For this:

Due to the lack of ventilation, point lamps in a warmed ceiling use undesirable - they are heated and quickly fail. And when contacting with foam, the insulation can start melting.

There are three ways to solve the problem. The first is to use only suspended chandeliers and wall lamps. The second is to remove the layer of thermal insulation around the fixtures built into the ceiling. At the same time, you should not forget about vapor barrier - it should close mineral wool without gaps. And the third is to lower the ceiling for a few more centimeters sufficient to install point lighting.

About how to insulate the attic overlap and the ceiling of the attic floor, described in detail on the video:

The heating of modern buildings is carried out at the expense of gas or electrical equipment. Equally refer to buildings with periodic accommodation (cottage, garden house, country cottage). The insulation of the ceiling in a cold-roof house allows to reduce heat loss and create an optimal microclimate in the premises.

Choosing materials for thermal insulation of a cold roof

The construction market offers an extensive selection of materials for thermal insulation. However, not every insulation is designed for laying in a subclicat space with a cold roof. In order to profitability of the planned insulation, the thermal insulator should be correctly selected. First of all, such materials are selected with resistance to moisture, low thermal conductivity and SNiP compliance.

Often for heat-insulating works choose materials such as:

This insulation refers to the heat insulators of a falling point, obtained by the firing of a clay slate. Advantages - light weight, porous structure, high thermal insulation and resistance to water.

The material is sold in the form of a fibrous type of insulation created on mineral base. Standard release form - mats, plates, rolls. It is this material that is recognized as the optimal option for ceiling insulation. However, the price tag at the heat insulator begins from 950 rubles. For a roll. Advantages - perfectly holds heat, noise insulation. The only minus is a heavy weight, so when choosing this material, you should consider the load on the rafter system.

It is produced from foamed polystyrene foam, but in the final version of this substance there is no more than 2-3% in the composition. Thus, more than 95% of foam plastic are air cells. Due to this, light weight and excellent insulation indicators are achieved. Additional advantages include moisture resistance and preservation of properties in contact with water. Installation of polystyrene foam plates light, i.e. You can cope with your own hands. For this, the plates are cut along the desired width, they laid the attic between lags and fixed.

Construction masters pay attention to the importance of the insulation of the floor, which is in the undegraced space under the cold roof. Also important is the laying of vapor and waterproofing.

The specificity of the roof with a cold "pie"

The structure of the cake of the attic overlap has a classic scheme consisting of layer-by-layer installation of materials in such a manner as:

waterproofing film;
thermally insulating layer;
roofing materials.

This type of design is relevant for households, where the space under the attic is non-residential, respectively, in winter it does not heal. The essence of a cold roof is a rafting system, on top of which the PVC film is placed for waterproofing and roof materials.

The feasibility of this type of roof is due to light weight, low exercise costs and a simple installation, rather than during the construction of a warm type of roof. In view of this, the cold roof is a practical and budget option for the construction of a country house or cottage.

If there is no heating radiators in the attic, then the air will perform the role of a buffer to reduce heat losses. According to the principle of convection, in which warm air rises, at the bottom it will be exposed to cooling. The result of this process is the internal heating of the skates, excluding the formation of the land.

As the safety of heat, as well as to reduce the financial spending on heating, work is carried out on laying the ceiling insulation for a cold attic.

The heat insulators are chosen, as a rule, two types are fibrous or flowing. Installation of such materials is characterized by simplicity, efficiency and efficiency. Since the flux of hot air always strives, and the insteaded attic will not cool it, thus creating almost identical temperatures in the whole house.

Technological process of laying insulation

Conducting work on the insulation of the house from the second floor with a cold roof is performed by clayjit or mineral wool. Only in some cases (cottage, garden house) use inexpensive foam.

Installation of clay insulator

For the heat insulation of the ceiling on the side of the cold attic with a clay, on the overlap of the PVC film steering film for vapor insulation. It is fixed by a construction stapler.

PVC film is laid on the wall of 15-20 cm on the wall and neighboring sections of waterproofing. As a warning of spaces, the plots are fixed on the tape.

The next step - clamzit is poured on top of the vaporizolation material. The thickness of the insulation varies from 15 to 30 cm. When planning the arrangement of a finishing screed, a clay insulator, you need to fill the entire space between lags.

The final stage is the arrangement of a screed from a sandy-cement mixture. The thickness of the consistency should be from 50 mm. The advantage of this method of insulation is fire and injuries for further operation, as well as environmental friendliness.

The procedure for laying mineral wool from the cold attic

Using Minvatu, first and foremost to lay vaporizolation and waterproofing. In this embodiment, it is impossible to save on the quality of the materials, because With improper protection of mineral wool, water can fall on it, as a result of which it will lose more than 60% of their qualities.

Mounting mineral wool is carried out between lags on the semi attack. Subsequently, the thermal insulator is closed with finishing. If the overlaps are made of concrete, then the first step will be the alignment of the plane. Then the floor is covered with a film and install the plates. The finishing coating is performed by plywood or wooden board. Next, the slab screed is equipped.

To insulate the attic in a wooden house, it is necessary to float the cells between the beams. Then the flashest film is stacked with a wall at a wall to 250 mm. The joints are strengthened by construction scotch.

Conclusion

Types of insulation and installation methods considered in the article are common. However, a list of thermal insulators for a cold roof is significantly wider. Also in construction hypermarkets you can find special materials for high quality country houses.

Choosing material for the insulation of the attic, experts recommend paying attention to the nuances of the construction. It should also be remembered that in a wooden house it is not worth using sealed insulation, such as a foam or penplex, because They are designed for use in concrete houses.

Prevent thermal losses in the cold season, and create a comfortable microclimate during the summer heat. It has been established that through the ceiling the room may lose up to 40% heat. This is mainly due to the convection of the air mass, seeking to climb up. If the ceiling is not insulated, and does not constitute an obstacle to the movement of warm air, all kilocalories scored from heating devices quickly disappear into the outer environment.

Therefore, the question is how to insulate the ceiling, by no means idle, especially in the northern regions.

Methods of insulation ceiling

There are several ways to insulate the ceiling. We can highlight 2 main types: ceiling insulation from the inside of the room and 2 species when insulation is insulated outside the room.

Sometimes it uses 3 species - combined, at which the outer insulation is carried out and internal.

The insulation of the ceiling surface inside the residential premises involves the use of exclusively environmentally friendly materials that do not make harm to human health.

When insulating outside, it is permissible to use synthetic species of materials, harmless while compliance with certain conditions for laying and editing.

As a rule, measures to prevent heat losses through the ceiling are laid in the technological process at the design stage. However, if during operation it turns out that insulation is insufficient, or there is an opportunity to improve thermal insulation, additional insulation measures are carried out.

Technology insulation ceiling

Various methods of ceiling insulation are to apply a certain warming material over the overlap, under which a residential premises is located. The insulation for the ceiling is natural or synthetic.

Natural insulation belongs to sand, clay, various slags, chips and sawdust, dry leaves or needles of trees, as well as straw and moss. To the same category, clamzit can be attributed, as it is the result of thermal treatment of natural clay, absolutely environmentally well-being and besides, which is very valuable, resistant to the effects of fire and moisture.

The warming of the ceiling by sawdust received the greatest distribution. We usually insulate wooden buildings, as they are lungs and do not overload the bearing beams of overlapping overlap. With the arrival of a variety of antiseptic impregnates for wood, flame retardants and antifungal additives, the insulation of the ceiling sawdust has become safe and not very expensive.

Supid layout technology is simple, but requires care and accuracy. Before heating the ceiling, the source surface is well dry and cleaned from the garbage. A vapor insulation film is spread under the bulk layer, which will prevent the saturation of wood moisture. It can also be rubberoid or parchment paper. In the perfect embodiment, the pillow of sawdust should be absolutely dry, then its thermal insulation properties have maximum indicators. In practice, the mound isolate the bottom, leaving the top open. This is done for ventilation, because the sawdust is hygroscopic and are able to suck out moisture from the surrounding space. If the attic room is well ventilated and has no leaks, then the ceiling insulated in this way will perfectly cope with its task.

In order to understand how to warm the ceiling correctly, you need to familiarize yourself with some common nuances typical of this type of work.

First, the thickness of the insulation layer must be calculated, according to the GOST tables recommended for the terrain where work is made. In a specific example of the insulation of the ceiling with sawdust, it is recommended to arrange a mound with a thickness of 80 to 150 mm.

Secondly, when choosing a material and styling technology, it is necessary to clearly represent where the dew point will be, and how to make an effective ventilation of the insulation, if it needs it.

For example, synthetic insulation of polyurethane type, foam or polystyrene themselves are waterproofing materials. But all types of mineral wat require compliance with the dryness mode, otherwise their thermal insulation properties are lost.

And the third rule, which gives the answer to the question, how to properly insulate the ceiling, it says that during installation there should be no heat bridges through which leakage is possible. This means that the heat-insulating material should be a uniform and continuous layer to cover the entire surface to be treated.

You can produce the insulation of the ceiling by minvata, both outside the room and inside.

Mineral wool is made from sand and battle of glass by pulling into thin fibers, and subsequent pressing in mats or rolled stripes. As a result, a material that is well holding warm and noise is formed. But for a person, he may be dangerous, as the vitreous fibers of breaking and, moving in the air, can fall into respiratory or eyes. The exception is basalt wool, the fibers of which are elastic.

In addition, in the production of mineral wats, phenol formaldehyde resins are used, which serve as the main binding. In the process of operation, harmful chemical evaporations are released into the air. Therefore, when insulating rooms with mineral wools from the inside, it is necessary to observe the principle of complete insulation of the insulation from the moving air. Almost this is achieved, for example, by the fact that under the layer of watts is installed suspended ceiling of plasterboard or stretch ceiling. But even in these cases, cotton must be processed by a protective film.

An important condition formed thermal insulation, with the insulation of the ceiling with mineral wools from the inside: the laying should be carried out in such a way that the material is not frozen and did not form the slots. Therefore, during installation works, it is required to cut the material with an error of no more than 1-2 mm, and to fix between the carrier elements of the suspended ceiling. Mineral wool ceiling insulation should be carried out using a respirator and other protective equipment.

The same principle must be observed when the ceiling insulation is performed outside the glass wool, on the side of the attic room. From above, the insulation is covered with a steamproof membrane and sewed with boards or by-laying materials that perform a protective function.

Exceptional thermal insulation properties have such material as foam. The insulation of the ceiling by foam today is not uncommon, and some masters use foam in combination with mineral wool and polyurethane foam. Most often, such insulation is carried out above the ceiling by the attic. The insulation of the ceiling by foam from the inside is not recommended, since this material not only supports burning, but also distinguishes the suffocating gases, dangerous to human health.

When installing foam blocks for sealing joints between sheets, polyurethane foam is used.

Well established itself as insulation Painoplex. Due to the solid structure and environmental safety, the insulation of the ceiling by the penplex firmly entered into the practice of finishing works. From the inside, as a rule, it is possible to install this insulation only in cases where for some reason it is not possible to do it outside the house.

Fastened to concrete with special fungal brackets made of plastic. From above closes either suspended ceiling, if it is a ceiling insulation from the inside. Or a boardwalk, or a special facade coating. In addition, the cement screed device is practiced on top of the polyplex layer in those places where it is advisable.

We should never forget that the PESEROPLEX, like the foam, is a material that supports burning. Therefore, applying the ceiling insulation with this material, it is always necessary to adhere to the rules of installation work and act within the exhaust technologies.

In addition to the insulation of residential premises, all listed materials are used in the insulation of service facilities: garages, workshops, basements and.

Insulation of balconies and loggias

Recently, the re-equipment of the balcony and the loggia under residential space was popular among the urban population. In this regard, the insulation of the ceiling on the balcony was sought-after. In principle, the procedure does not differ from the standard. But sometimes non-standard materials are applied due to small areas.

Where to insulate the ceiling by foam is not convenient, the technology of insulation of innovative paint company actor has become in use. The coating layer of actor-concrete in 1 mm, for example, is equivalent to the thermal insulation properties of 5 cm of polyfoam. This quality is achieved by filling the dye by microscopic ceramic spheres, which reflect not only ultraviolet, but also thermal radiation. Such a ceiling warming with your own hands saves the means, although the paint itself is not cheap.

The insulation of the basement of the loggia, as well as the rest of the side surface of the loggia, the penplex is made after the glazing, and is carried out very quickly. Thanks to the excellent technological qualities of the Polympoth, its processing and fit for any configuration does not cause difficulties. From above, the insulation is covered with a finishing material. It may be plasterboard or lining. The ceiling is often used with rush set ceilings, which are very conveniently embedded with lighting devices. The insulation of the ceiling of mineral wool on balconies and balconies is not recommended.

Insulation

As in the house or apartment, the ceiling insulation is common for creating comfort and stable microclimate. The specifics of this type of insulation are that fuel-lubricants are usually stored in the garage, creating an additional risk of fire. Therefore, the best insulation with equal other conditions will be clay and mineral wool. Depending on the design features of the garage (the height of the ceiling, the presence of an attic room), the installation of insulation is carried out outside or from the inside of the room.

Mansard insulation

A separate type of insulation of the attic room can be considered the insulation of the attitude of the attic. In fact, thermal insulation works are carried out between the useful amount of attic room and roof. Heat the ceiling by foam here will not work. And therefore, mineral insulation are used, in particular basalt wool, which is characterized by the structure that is most acceptable to human health. With 2 sides, watts should be membranes, regulating the flow of moisture, and from the inner, residential side the finishing layer of plasterboard is mounted.