Guide: how to build a greenhouse with your own hands from a film. How to build a greenhouse with your own hands in one weekend Do-it-yourself reinforced film greenhouse

Everyone knows that a much larger crop can be grown in greenhouses than in open ground. But not everyone can afford to buy it in the store. But there is a great alternative - a do-it-yourself greenhouse made of film, since this is an economical and easy-to-use option. In favor of the fact that it is necessary to use the film, there are the following facts: such greenhouses can do without a foundation, they are light and their roof consists of opaque elements to a much lesser extent than those made of other materials.

The list of tools that may be needed depending on the construction of a particular greenhouse:

• level;
• knife (for film);
• hammer;
• screwdriver;
• axe;
• welding machine (if the structure is made of iron corners).

As well as nails, screws, cord, plumb line and other materials, the need for which may arise during construction. For example, the same chisel for gouging slots or grooves.

A simple film greenhouse

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A simple do-it-yourself film greenhouse with a wooden frame

For construction, it is necessary to take wooden bars with a cross section of about 50 mm, which were previously impregnated with an antiseptic and dried.

1. Along the perimeter, you need to use a beam with a cross section of about 50 × 100 mm, you can make a concrete base. To do this, the earth is dug around the perimeter of the future greenhouse to a depth of 25 cm and 30 cm wide. The bottom is covered with a sand cushion and spilled with water. Then you need to fill everything with a solution of cement. The composition can include crushed stone (1 part of cement, 3 parts of sand and 5 parts of crushed stone).
2. Racks are cut from the bars: 4 each for the sides (180 cm long) and 2 each for the end gates. In order to choose the right bars for the roof, it is better to lay out the frame on the ground and make the necessary measurements. Racks are attached to the base with nails or corners and self-tapping screws, if bars were used on the base. It is advisable to check the racks with a level or a plumb line.

If the foundation is made of concrete, then corners are used, which are fastened with anchors.

A ridge bar goes to the top of the greenhouse. Mounted with nails. The structure is covered with polyethylene film. The device is made from above, the film is laid on two sides with a margin (so that, if necessary, it can be tucked under the greenhouse). It is attached to the bars with slats 50x25 mm and small carnations.

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Do-it-yourself film greenhouse with a metal frame

The approximate size of such a greenhouse: height - about 2.5 m, length - 7 m, width - 2.4 m.

The basis of the greenhouse is metal arches made of pipes, the diameter of which is 25-30 mm. The base can be old sleepers, a corner made of metal or a tarred beam.

1. Holes for arches about 100 mm deep are drilled in a wooden base at a distance of 1.5 meters from each other. If a corner was chosen for the base, the arches must be welded to it or attached with bolts.
2. To connect the arches from above, a ridge rail is used.
3. Rails are attached to the sides.
4. On the inside of the arch, brackets are welded into which the rails are inserted and clamped with bolts.

where d is the length of the greenhouse, h is the height.

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Do-it-yourself double-slope frame greenhouse

Wooden frames act as a fence in such a greenhouse. They are made of rails with a cross section of 3 × 4 cm. The height of the frame is from 1.6 to 1.8 m, the width should be correlated with the width of the film that is commercially available, as a rule, this value is 1.5 m.

• the film is pulled onto the frames with a “stocking”, in two layers, then they are inserted into a frame prepared in advance; it, in turn, must be made of a wooden beam with a section of 40 × 75 cm or metal corners of 25 mm in section;

The manufacturing method is similar to the previous greenhouse, only rafters are installed on the upper bars.

For this, slats 40x75 cm are taken, one ends of which will fall on the upper structure of the bars, while the others will form a ridge. Near the ridge, they are fastened with a piece of board and cut off.

• the frames are fixed with nails in a special groove made in a wooden beam; place them at the top and use for side walls; those frames that will serve for ventilation are fastened with hinges.

These are examples of summer greenhouses that are used to grow various crops during the warm season with solar heating and lighting.

Winter greenhouses and greenhouses are more complex in design, but more functional.

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Winter greenhouses and greenhouses

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Do-it-yourself gable winter greenhouse with greenhouse frames

Here, greenhouse frames made using polyethylene film serve as a fence, or the greenhouse is glazed.

1. The foundation for walls with a section of 40 × 40 cm is set at a level of 40 cm.
2. After that, the walls are laid in one brick, which is approximately 25 cm.
3. They have bars treated with resin. The cross section of the beam is 15×15 cm and contains grooves for frames with a film.
4. Bars with a section of 10 × 10 cm are used as rafters. They serve as a connection between the bars of the walls and a ridge beam, the section of which is 12 × 12 cm.

With a roof slope of 20 °, the width of the building will be about 3 m. Racks of the required dimensions are placed in the greenhouse. To circulate warm air, leave a gap between them and the wall. The distance between the frames must be sheathed with slats.

Every amateur gardener dreams of growing vegetables, herbs or flowers all year round, without worrying that nature "goes into hibernation" in the autumn-winter period. Naturally, it is impossible to do this in an open area, that is, in a garden or vegetable garden. For such purposes, it is necessary to make a special one. It is not difficult and inexpensive to do this, unlike the purchase and installation of polycarbonate greenhouses. It is enough to find the necessary materials and a basic set of tools. Worst case, you'll have to buy something.

Film for greenhouses allows you to prevent the process of heat transfer at night, this preserves the greenhouse effect.

The most budgetary and simplest option for a greenhouse that you can build yourself is a structure with a wooden base and a strong metal arch.

From above it is covered with a dense film, which is sold in rolls. Those who are interested in how to make a greenhouse without any special material investments will be pleased with the ease of manufacturing such a greenhouse. It will take a little time to build it, especially if you have several good helpers.

The design of the greenhouse and its location

The film tunnel is not only easy to install, but also almost completely eliminates water retention in the upper part of the system.

The finished greenhouse should be a long arched structure covered with PVC film, which is supplied in rolls. First of all, you need to choose the most convenient place where our simple greenhouse will be located. The area allotted for such a design must meet the basic requirements. These include:

• soil quality - it should not be clay;
• site illumination - a shadow from other trees, bushes and plants should not fall on the greenhouse;
• the site should not be on the lowlands, because all the water from the yard flows there during the rain;
• if the building for growing plants will function all year round, then it should be located from west to east;
• it is desirable that the greenhouse is located near the house, so it will be easier to conduct lighting inside the structure.

You need to choose a place very carefully, taking into account the main functions of the structure. Conditions on the site should not adversely affect the growth of plants, vegetable crops. Despite the fact that it is easy to make a greenhouse with your own hands, you cannot be guided only by how the greenhouse will look in the middle of the garden.

Before you start making a greenhouse, you need to determine what materials and tools will be required to complete this work. Ideally, prepare:

If you do not plan to grow cucumbers in a greenhouse, then make its frame out of wood.

• boards, wooden blocks - their length directly depends on the dimensions of the structure;
• 50 small wooden planks;
• metal reinforcement for marking the foundation of the greenhouse;
• a roll of dense film with a thickness of at least 6 mm;
• plastic clamps (strips) for fastening pipes with the main stiffening frame;
• nails or screws for connecting a wooden structure;
• hammer or screwdriver;
• hinges and a handle for doors that will be installed in the greenhouse at the entrance;
• metal staples;
• a special composition for treating wood from decay and harmful microorganisms;
• gloves;
• polyvinyl chloride pipes for the construction of an arched opening of the greenhouse;
• metal fasteners, two for each tube.

After you have prepared all the necessary materials and tools, you can proceed to. You will definitely need helpers. At least one person should be on hand to come to the rescue at the right time.

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The process of making a greenhouse

To make a greenhouse, you do not need to have special skills and knowledge. This design is quite simple. It can be built with basic skills and taking into account the elementary principles of construction. We start with the base of the greenhouse, which is one of the most important elements of the greenhouse:

1. To get started, select and mark out a place for the greenhouse. Then install wooden boards on the site. Be sure to treat them with a special compound: this will save the tree from rotting. Fix the rectangular frame with reinforcement.
2. Now, around the entire perimeter of the future greenhouse under the film, we hammer pieces of reinforcement at the same distance. The height of the rods should be about 40 cm. It is they who will become the basis of the arched structure, therefore this stage of work must be approached very carefully.
3. Next, special PVC pipes are carefully put on the fixed reinforcement bars. The result should be an arch along the entire length of the greenhouse structure. This is very important, because arched greenhouses must be stable.
4. Using metal fasteners, screws and a screwdriver, it is necessary to fix PVC pipes on both sides at their very base. This must be done very carefully, because arched joints must withstand any weather conditions, including strong winds and snowfall.
5. Along the entire length of the arch, it is necessary to install another pipe, which will act as a stiffener. It is carefully connected to the arched tubes using plastic clamps. This will give the structure greater stability and maximum durability.
6. From the remaining wooden bars we make the entrance to the greenhouse. At the same time, a door is being built, after which it is put on hinges. So that it does not warp, you need to make an additional base of wooden bars.
7. We cover the finished greenhouse with a special film. First you need to unfold it and lay it on top of the arch along the entire length, and then stretch it on the sides. The greenhouse film must be carefully fixed so that a strong wind does not accidentally rip it off. For this, small carnations and wooden bars are used. Fixing the film should always start from the middle. A minimum of two people should be involved in this process, which will simplify and speed up the work.
8. The mini greenhouse cannot function until the door is installed. First wrap it in a film and only then put it on the hinges. Also, the jambs must be carefully wrapped with a film. Next, you need to attach a handle. Now the greenhouse with your own hands is almost ready.
9. The last stage of work is the conduct of electricity. Only after this the greenhouse is considered ready. If desired, lighting can be provided. This is very important as most plants love both sunlight and artificial light.

Finally, the greenhouse with your own hands is ready. Summer residents only need to plant seedlings, fertilize them, adjust the required level of illumination and temperature conditions inside the structure.

Today, many gardeners prefer to grow plants indoors. To do this, they build greenhouses that are designed to grow plants in more comfortable and suitable conditions for heat-loving plants. Film greenhouses have a number of advantages. They have high characteristics that make them popular among greenhouse owners.

Greenhouses under the film: types

Film greenhouses are a common type of greenhouses, which are inexpensive, reliable and relatively durable. The choice of greenhouse type depends on many factors. First of all, you should deal with the climatic conditions of the region, the varieties of plants grown. It should be decided what greenhouse conditions need to be created for the active growth and fruiting of plants.

Selecting a film can be quick and easy if you know the criteria by which it should be judged.

When building a greenhouse with your own hands, it is important to pay attention to the choice of material for the frame, as well as the size of the frame itself and the dimensions of the film - they must fit, otherwise the design of the greenhouse will be incorrect. Sheltering the frame with a film should be done very carefully, since there is always the possibility of damage to the polyethylene. It should be noted that it is much more difficult to cover large greenhouses - here you can not do without helpers. For a small area, the Volya Perchina greenhouse is suitable.

Frame types:

• pvc. It is rarely used, although it has excellent characteristics. It is resistant to rust, does not deteriorate from exposure to chemicals. It does not take acid, alkali and other aggressive fertilizers.
• Aluminum. Durable frames that have excellent performance. They do not give in to rust, do not deteriorate from exposure to temperature and moisture. The downside is their high cost.
• Metal. The hat profile may not rust for more than ten years. Such a frame is not stable with strong snow pressure on it. The framework made of a profile pipe is easily mounted and maintains big loadings.
• Wood. Unfavorable material. Which requires a lot of effort to maintain. It should be covered with materials that protect the wood from moisture, humps and other microorganisms. The process of installing a wooden frame takes a lot of time and effort.

Greenhouses can differ in different types of structures. Frames are: prefabricated and collapsible. Having decided on the type and type of frame, you can proceed to the choice of material for covering the greenhouse.

Quality film greenhouse

Today, many greenhouse owners choose film as the material for covering the greenhouse frame. It costs less than polycarbonate coating. It is easy to mount, which will allow you to do all the work yourself.

The choice of film type depends on the characteristics. They will allow you to choose the right film for a particular greenhouse.

Inexpensive farm greenhouses are most often constructed from a metal frame and plastic film. When choosing a film, it is important to pay attention to the fact that the winter greenhouse should have a denser and more frost-resistant coating. Reviews of each type of plastic film can be found on the Internet on specialized sites.

Types of foam greenhouses:

• Polyethylene. You should choose a film with a high density - it will last much longer than a thin film.
• Reinforced. The polyethylene film is additionally reinforced with a frame made of polyethylene or polypropylene. This coating has a long service life, unlike conventional polyethylene film.
• Polyvinyl chloride. Has a high density. The film is very transparent, so it allows a lot of light into the greenhouse. However, the film does not withstand too low temperatures.
• Perennial polyethylene. The composition of the material includes sealants and plasticizers. Such a film is antistatic, light-transmitting, heat-insulating. This allows you to deal with such a common problem as condensate.

The greenhouse of the Hungarian type is widely known - in it the temperature regime and the level of humidity are stable, even if the heater is working in the greenhouse. The complete set of the greenhouse can be equipped with an additional cover. It is important to carefully install the frame and stretch the polyethylene, otherwise the material may burst, which will lead to new costs and loss of time.

Large film greenhouses

Building a large greenhouse is different from installing small structures. before starting construction work. It is necessary to draw up a plan and drawings of the future greenhouse. This will allow you to determine the dimensions, calculate the amount of materials and material costs. It is important to think in advance about heating for a greenhouse with a large area.

It is good if the metal greenhouse is covered with a high density film. In this case, you can not be afraid of its premature damage.

If there is no time and desire to build a greenhouse, you can buy ready-made structures. Reviews and recommendations about different types of greenhouses can be found on the net. For example, user Sergey Mozgovoy advises buying greenhouses produced by Kakhovka. They are reliable, durable and inexpensive.

Tips for arranging large greenhouses:

• Do not assemble a large greenhouse yourself. To avoid difficulties and possible damage to the coating, it is necessary to seek help from an assistant.
• To cover a greenhouse with a large area, dense polyethylene should be used.
• It is important to take care of a large greenhouse heating system in advance.
• In the greenhouse, it is necessary to install high-quality lighting systems.

Large greenhouses should be installed in areas with a large area. For small areas, a tunnel greenhouse is suitable. Large and small greenhouses can be covered with the popular Svetlitsa film.

Film greenhouse construction

You can implement a project for the construction of a polyethylene greenhouse on your own. To do this, you should decide on the type of frame and film to cover it. However, the greenhouse technology will be almost the same.

It is important to choose a suitable place - it should be on a hill and well lit by the sun.

The soil on the site should be stable, of the same type and not very wet. The frame can be made from wood. Aluminium, PVC or metal. It is important to note that durable metal frames are popular.

How to build a frame:

• Prepare the site;
• Assemble the box;
• Treat the boards of the box with antiseptic compounds;
• Drive metal rods into the ground;
• Drive in reinforcement bars;
• Put plastic pipes on fittings and fix them;
• Install diagonal supports;
• Strengthen the ends of the frame;
• Cover the frame with foil.

When it comes to interior design, it is important to use space properly. If the size of the greenhouse allows, for convenience, you can install racks for growing plants. A small greenhouse can simply be filled with fertile soil.

Film cover for greenhouses in winter

The choice of materials for sheltering the frame of a greenhouse for a summer residence largely depends on climatic conditions. In winter, it is very important to properly equip the greenhouse, otherwise the plants risk dying. Professional gardeners advise insulating the greenhouse with special heating and lighting devices.

It is important that the polyethylene greenhouse has high-quality ventilation. Irrigation fumes can cause excessive condensation.

The accumulation of moisture entails the spread of fungi and bacteria that infect plants. Heating should be thought out, it should not dry out the air too much. In winter, the windows of the greenhouse can be hung with roll-up curtains, this will avoid drafts.

Film Features:

• Strength;
• moisture resistance;
• tightness;
• light transmittance.

To store the temperature, durable types of films are used, the calculation of which is very important when covering the frame. Before assembling the structure, it is necessary to think over the entire project. Good conditions for growing plants in a greenhouse in Krivyanka.

Do-it-yourself film greenhouses (video)

There are different types of films, the choice of which depends on the region in which the greenhouse will be installed. And also on the variety and variety of plants that they plan to grow. An overview of different types of materials will allow you to choose the right one for a particular greenhouse. In winter, it is important to pay attention to the interior arrangement. The crate and the choice of the correct heating system are very important.

Building a greenhouse on your own is a fascinating process. Firstly, one wants to admire one's own creation, and secondly, the structure turns out exactly as it was seen in the imagination. And most importantly, a home-made greenhouse is cheaper than a factory-made structure.

The structure of the greenhouse is frame and is constructed from beams. The connection of the runs is provided by the upper and lower racks. The upper part of the frame consists of rafter legs.

The design is made up of many bars fixed at the same distance from each other.

A door frame is inserted into one end side of the greenhouse. She, the walls and roof of the structure are covered with film, glass or polycarbonate.

A plastic film is often stretched over the wooden frame of the greenhouse.

A greenhouse as a structure with a wooden frame, finished with some kind of transparent but durable material, performs certain tasks:

• collects thermal radiation coming from outside and keeps it, creating the necessary conditions for the rapid growth of plants;
• protects vegetables from negative environmental influences: strong wind, snow, pests and animals that can break plant stems.

Drawings and diagrams of wooden buildings of various configurations

The greenhouse can be single-sided, attached to the building or freestanding on the site.

Another version of the greenhouse is a building with a gable roof, inclined by more than 30 degrees.

The height of the structure excluding the roof is 1.5 meters

No less popular arched design for growing plants. The difference of this building is the ceiling in the form of a vault, which makes the greenhouse beautiful and very warm.

To create a greenhouse frame, you can use bars with a cross section of 30 × 40 mm in combination with arcs

The weight of the wooden structure is significant, so it requires installation on a solid foundation. But some do without it, using boards or pins as anchors.

The ends of the racks of the structure can be wrapped in polyethylene, immersed in the ground and covered with rubble, which will ensure their reliable fixation without using a foundation

However, the foundation is important for any large structure. A particularly reliable foundation is required for a greenhouse, which is placed on a slope. It is customary to fix a building for growing plants on a strip brick or column foundation.

The columnar foundation will provide reliable fastening of the structure, although, unlike the strip foundation, it is constructed from a small amount of materials

But most often, in order to spend a minimum of finance and at the same time fix the greenhouse well in its place, they use a base of thick bars.

Crushed stone must be poured under the base of the bars and a waterproofing sheet is laid

When drawing up a drawing, one must understand that the functionality of the greenhouse depends on its dimensions. The optimal dimensions of the building are 3 meters wide and 6 meters long.

The greenhouse should be such that it has enough space for both plants and people.

The height of the structure is always determined by the height of the person. To make it convenient for the gardener to take care of the plants, there must be at least 2.5 meters of free space from the surface of the earth to the highest point of the roof. In a gable building, the height of the walls is usually 2 meters.

Making the greenhouse too high is pointless. It will sway from side to side and will not be able to warm up to the desired temperature.

The subtleties of choosing a material for the construction of a greenhouse

In order to build a good reliable greenhouse, you need to choose high-quality material. It must be strong, light and resistant to external influences.

wood frame material

The reliable wooden frame of the greenhouse is the key to its long service life. Therefore, it is better to build a frame from larch - a type of wood that does not rot for a long time and is characterized by high strength.

In addition to larch, beams made of spruce and pine are suitable for building a greenhouse, but they are less durable. This means that non-hardwood lumber needs to be thicker.

The bars for the construction of the greenhouse are chosen carefully, sifting out marriage

The frame of the greenhouse should be created from boards or beams with the following characteristics:

• humidity not more than 20%;
• perfect appearance (without rot and traces of damage to wood by bark beetles);
• a flat surface (chips, cracks and knots are signs of defective material).

The dimensions of the bars from which the frame of the building will be assembled depend on the weight of the covering material. In most cases, the wooden frame of the greenhouse is covered with polyethylene film 100 to 200 microns thick, glass with a density of 5 to 10 mm, and 4 mm polycarbonate.

Covering material

A very important role is played by the choice of covering material for the greenhouse. After all, it is on it that the main function of the greenhouse lies: to keep warm, which will ensure the rapid growth of plants. There are three main covering materials.

• Film. The material is light and therefore does not exert pressure on the wood. This means that you can safely use medium-sized building materials as racks and rafters of the structure, for example, 5 × 5 cm beams. But the base of the greenhouse should be made of lumber with parameters of 5 × 10 cm, because it will have to experience significant loads.

The film is able to hold a relatively thin beam

• Glass. This covering material needs a reliable support. It is more expedient to make the racks of the frame of a glass greenhouse from bars with a thickness of at least 7 cm and a width of 7 to 9 cm. And it is better to build a truss system from lumber with parameters of 4.5 × 9 cm.

A thin bar will not withstand the pressure of glass, therefore, for the construction of the backbone of a glass greenhouse, material with a thickness of at least 7 cm is used.

• Polycarbonate. The greenhouse, which was decided to be covered with polycarbonate sheets, requires the construction of a skeleton from materials with different sections. Bars of 5 × 10 cm in size are suitable for the ridge of the roof and the base of the structure. The door frame and racks are supposed to be made of wooden elements with a section of 5 × 5 cm, and the door leaf and window frame are made of timber with parameters of 5 × 4 cm. And the tasks of polycarbonate stiffeners greenhouses will work well with boards measuring 40 × 180 mm.

In a polycarbonate greenhouse, it is customary to make only the base of the structure heavy-duty

Preparation for construction

We will build a classic greenhouse with a wooden frame made of beams. Glass was chosen as the covering material.

Necessary materials

To build a greenhouse, you need to purchase the following materials:

• crushed stone;
• ruberoid;

Ruberoid - material for waterproofing the structure

• 4 beams 9 cm thick, 9 cm wide and 4.2 m long;
• 4 beams 9 cm thick, 9 cm wide and 3 m long;
• 12 bars 9 cm thick, 9 cm wide and 3.6 m long;
• 38 bars 9 cm thick, 9 cm wide and 1.8 m long;
• 2 carriages (half-beams) with a section of 4.5x9 cm, 3 m long;
• 4 carriages with a section of 4.5x9 cm, 4.2 m long;
• 24 carriages with a section of 4.5x9 cm, 2.4 m long;
• 28 gun carriages with a section of 4.5x9 cm and a length of 1.8 m;
• 34 carriages with a section of 4.5x9 cm, length 1.2 m;
• 102 carriages with a section of 4.5x9 cm, length 90 cm;
• 8 sheets of plywood measuring 12x1220x2440 mm;
• 34 m² of glass 10 mm thick (18 m² of material will go to the walls, and 16 m² to the roof);
• antiseptic composition for wood processing;
• steel cornice;
• 3 pairs of door hinges;
• door handles and locks;
• sealant;
• glazing beads.

The function of the glazing beads is to ensure reliable fastening of the glass to the sealant

Tools

Greenhouse construction work involves the use of tools and fasteners such as:

• shovel;
• hammer;
• square;
• building level;
• measuring tape;
• a circular saw;
• piece of cord;
• screwdriver;
• self-tapping screws;
• nails 10 cm long;
• finishing nails 7.5 cm long with a small head.

Finishing nails have a tiny cap that makes them invisible

Phased construction of a wooden greenhouse

A greenhouse with a wooden frame trimmed with glass is built step by step:

• On the site, marking the perimeter of the building is done. To do this, use pegs and fishing line.

The perimeter of the greenhouse is advised to mark with pegs

• They dig a trench 1 meter deep and 50 cm wide. The bottom is covered with rubble, which is carefully pressed. Roofing material is placed on the rammed stones, and on it is a foundation made of 4 thick bars 4.2 and 3 meters long. The wooden base is covered with an antiseptic

The base of the greenhouse is laid on compacted rubble

• Wall racks are placed on the foundation, that is, bars with a section of 9 × 9 cm. For a while, these wooden elements are supported by boards. How exactly the racks stand is checked by the level and length of the cord.

First they put the racks, and then proceed to the installation of the upper trim

• At the top, the racks are fastened together with a strapping, the bars of which are connected according to the “half-tree” method. Runs on the side of the structure are marked for the installation of rafters. At the marked points, inclined nests are hollowed out.

At one end of the beam, a cut is made to half its thickness, on the other beam, the same cut is made, but on the other side of the end

• Assemble the gables of the roof frame. Racks for them are constructed from thick boards. The wooden element that will become the ridge is placed under the rafter legs in pre-created grooves. The flatness of the finished slope is evaluated by means of a cord. Rafter legs are treated with an antiseptic composition.

The first to assemble the gables located on the edge of the structure

• Greenhouse frames are made from beams measuring 4.5x9 cm. It is important to connect the parts to each other at the same angle. Grooves are created in the manufactured frame. Boards are inserted into them - elements of the canvas.
• They make upper frames designed for installing glass. Only well-dried boards are used as panels.
• Starting from the ends of the frame, the panels previously assembled from the boards are attached to the nails for finishing. Later, the same task is performed on the sides of the greenhouse. At the same time, do not forget that the width of the side panels is greater than that of the end panels. Sheathing plates are placed between the racks and covered with an antiseptic.

First of all, end panels are assembled, and then wide side panels.

• In two openings, which are located at the ends of the structure, simple door frames are inserted. The door is fully glazed. The handle is attached to an additional wooden element.
• A rail of small section, which is called a glazing bead, is attached to the details of the pediment. The element is covered with sealant, and already cut glasses are placed in the grooves formed. Their fastening from the outside is carried out using thin nails.

Glass is inserted using sealant and glazing beads

• The roof of the greenhouse is glazed in the same way as the walls. As a support, a rail is used, nailed to the sides of the rafters in a special way: indented from the upper edge by the thickness of the glass blank and glazing bead. Glasses are inserted using a sealant and fixed with glazing beads and nails on a thin leg.
• Having glazed the roof, a wind board is nailed to the end parts of the rafter legs.

The greenhouse is only half glazed, which makes it original and durable.

Video: do-it-yourself log greenhouse

Features of finishing the greenhouse

If you want to make the greenhouse beautiful, then from the outside it is recommended to treat its wooden elements with breathable facade paint. We are talking about a water-dispersion coloring emulsion.

Paint can be applied at temperatures above three degrees Celsius. Only under such conditions, the coloring composition dries for two days, and then crystallizes for three days.

However, many gardeners say that there is no particular need for paint. It will not improve the functionality of the greenhouse, but will only give the building an attractive appearance.

As a result of a special treatment, the wood is covered with a protective film.

When you want to achieve both attractiveness and durability of the greenhouse frame, you should use wood impregnation. This tool has a pleasant color, protects the wood from damage by bacteria and insures it from decay.

Impregnation is recommended to process wooden elements both outside and inside the greenhouse. In order for the product to be useful, it must be applied to the surface in 2 or 3 layers, which depends on the financial capabilities of the owner of the building.

In an unfavorable climate and a relatively short summer season, the greenhouse becomes an indispensable tool for the gardener. With its help, you can push the boundaries of the growing season and get an earlier and more abundant harvest. And with some effort and money, the gardener will be able to grow crops all year round, regardless of the weather and temperature "overboard". Do-it-yourself greenhouse - what shape and what to build it from?

The creation of any structure, whether it is a large house or a small greenhouse, begins with planning. The first step in this matter is the choice of the design of the future building. There are many types of greenhouses, differing in their shape, complexity and cost of creation. What are they like?

Table. Types of greenhouses that you can do yourself

Now let's move on to a more detailed description.

arched greenhouse in cross section it has a semicircular shape or a shape close to it. It is assembled from a set of arcs interconnected by horizontal frame elements. One of the most common greenhouse forms in the CIS. For the manufacture of a frame of sufficient volume, not so much material is required, which reduces the cost of construction. Its low cost does not in any way affect its strength - a well-built arched greenhouse stands out for its high resistance to snow and wind loads. And thanks to the arcuate shape, the sun's rays, regardless of the time of day, fall perpendicular to the casing of the structure, as a result of energy loss for reflection and refraction less, the plants inside receive more light. The disadvantage of this design is that it is not so easy to make metal or wood at home.

Important! There is another drawback of arc-shaped greenhouses, but very subjective - not everyone likes the appearance of such buildings. Therefore, if you want to get a facility for growing plants that will also please your eye, pay attention to other types of structures.

It is a development of buildings of the previous type. It has a rounded, but more elongated shape, resembling the end of an arrow. Compared to arched greenhouses, such a building has an even higher resistance to snow load - snow does not linger on a roof that is too steep. But finding ready-made drawings and making an lancet frame is even more difficult than an arcuate one.

By the way! In English-language sources and materials devoted to gardening, such greenhouses are known as gothic arch (or in translation "Gothic arch").

Also known as classical or. Previously, a couple of decades ago, it was the most common design. Differs in acceptable indicators of illumination and large volumes. In addition, it is much easier to build - the frame of a classic greenhouse consists of straight metal or wooden elements. But the downside of such a design is a large consumption of material, which affects the cost of the structure. In addition, the "house" requires props and braces that will protect the roof from being squeezed by snow masses.

Also sometimes called "Dutch". It differs from the previous design in that its side walls are not located vertically, but at some angle. Due to this, more sunlight penetrates inside, to the plants. Requires a strong frame and a good ventilation system.

Shed greenhouse outwardly similar to the "half" of the house, where only one slope remained from the roof. A similar option is most often erected as a small extension to a house, barn or fence. It is used for early cultivation of seedlings for planting on open ground.

Are you planning to switch to indoor cultivation of plants, but do not have enough experience in this matter? Are you planning to grow seedlings? Ask yourself these questions, and if at least one of them is answered “yes”, then it's time for you to think about.

Placed in the right place, it receives maximum solar energy, so the presence of vents is mandatory here, otherwise the plants will simply overheat in hot weather. It is built relatively simply, but at the same time, the useful internal volume leaves much to be desired. Often part of the building is located below ground level.

Created by the horticultural expert of the same name and Ph.D. in agriculture. It differs from a classic or arched building in that the slopes or halves of the roof have different heights. A vertical wall is formed between them, where a number of vents are mounted. As a result, the greenhouse achieves the most efficient ventilation and air circulation, which has a positive effect on plant yields.

It differs from an ordinary greenhouse in that the level of slopes is different - one of them, facing the north side, is higher, and the southern one, on the contrary, is lower. In the middle, at the junction of the slopes, there is a vertical wall with transoms along the entire length of the greenhouse.

Created with the expectation of maximum accumulation of solar energy and maintaining the optimum temperature for the growth of crops, even during the most severe winter cold. To do this, the building is submerged to the very roof under the ground, which acts as a kind of heat insulator. The main problem of such a greenhouse is the huge labor costs during construction due to the need to dig a foundation pit of impressive size. In addition, the structure needs good protection from groundwater.

It is another example of the implementation of the idea of ​​​​saving heat in the building. To do this, the northern side of the building is made of brick, timber or other material and is insulated from the outside. Inside the greenhouse, in addition to plants, gravel bags and other objects are placed that accumulate heat during the day and then give it away in the evening and at night. As a result, the gardener gets a building in which you can grow vegetables even in winter and with minimal heating costs. Further, in one of the sections of the article, special attention will be paid to a greenhouse with main walls and a solar battery.

Exotic and rather rare types of do-it-yourself greenhouses are buildings in the form of and. The cost of their construction is many times higher than the structures of classical forms, but at the same time they have an unusual appearance and outstanding qualities in terms of accumulating solar heat and providing a microclimate inside.

In addition to the form, the greenhouse differs in the period of operation and is divided into two types.

1. Seasonal- the simplest structures without any heating systems. Used in the period from spring to autumn, they allow you to "push" the boundaries of the summer season.
2. or winter - built and equipped to work in the cold season, able to provide optimal conditions for the growth and maturation of agricultural crops even in sub-zero temperatures outside.

Now let's move on from the structures and forms of structures to the materials from which they are created. First, consider the frame - the basis of any greenhouse.

Frame materials

There are three main groups of materials from which the frame of the greenhouse is made:

• wood;
• metal;
• polyvinyl chloride.

From wood, a bar of rectangular and square section is most often used. With its average cost, it is highly manufacturable - it is very simple to work with such material using ordinary home tools. With proper assembly and use of props, struts and jibs, the timber frame is very strong and reliable.

Square wooden beam

Important! The main enemies of wood are mold and rot. This problem is solved by two measures. The first is the choice of high-quality timber from larch, a tree species that is most resistant to decay. The second is the processing of blanks for the frame with 2-3 layers of antiseptic impregnation.

When choosing a beam for a greenhouse frame, be sure to pay attention to the following things.

1. Humidity - the wood must be properly dried, otherwise the frame of the greenhouse will shrink after construction.
2. The presence of a large number of knots is undesirable.
3. Wood fibers should not have serious defects.
4. Separate foci of mold are not allowed.
5. The beam for the frame of the greenhouse must match in size and straightness.

Due to the characteristics of the material and the fact that creating bent wood parts with your own hands is a complex and time-consuming process with a large percentage of rejects, timber is rarely used to create arched or lancet greenhouses. At the same time, it is remarkably suitable for buildings of a classical form.

The next material for the greenhouse frame is metal. It is represented by many types of steel and aluminum profiles. The most popular is a profiled pipe with a section of 20x20 mm or more. With a comparatively small weight and low cost, it is characterized by high strength. In addition, with a high-quality zinc coating or powder coating, the profiled pipe is durable and resistant to corrosion. Frame elements made of this material are fastened using self-tapping screws, welding, nuts with bolts and special crab-type connectors.

Important! The manufacture of bent frame parts for an arched greenhouse from a profiled pipe is possible using a home-made machine, which is easy to assemble.

In addition, from metal products, a corner, a ceiling profile for plasterboard and a W-shaped roof profile are very popular. They are even lighter and more convenient to process, but the reverse side of this advantage is lower strength and low resistance of the finished structure to snow load.

And the last group of materials for the manufacture of the frame of greenhouses is PVC pipes and profiles. They are quite flexible and cheap, they are easy to use, store and transport. The PVC frame is suitable for a light summer greenhouse of a small area.

Sheathing for a greenhouse built by one's own hands

From above, the frame of the greenhouse is covered with a transparent material that transmits a significant part of the sunlight.

Used as cladding:

• glass;
• film;

A few decades ago, glass was the main material used in the construction of greenhouses, greenhouses and conservatories. It has high light transmission and does not react with chemical compounds. Also, glass is not subject to any corrosive effects and is characterized by high durability - a frame made of wood or metal will quickly become unusable. But the latter advantage is debatable - this material is also known for its fragility, and any stone or thick branch can turn durable glass into a bunch of sharp fragments. Therefore, in recent decades, it has been replaced by transparent polymers.

One of the representatives of such materials is polyethylene film. If you are looking for something very cheap to cover the carcass for one season, film is your choice. But keep in mind that the material is short-lived and fragile.

Important! There are separate types of polyethylene film with reinforcement. It gives the material strength, increases its service life and resistance to wind.

The third material for covering the greenhouse is cellular polycarbonate. This is a relatively inexpensive material with high impact strength - in a situation where the glass breaks, the polycarbonate will only wrinkle or get a few small cracks. In addition, it is light and very flexible, and therefore ideal for greenhouses with rounded frame elements. The presence of air-filled honeycombs gives polycarbonate the best thermal insulation of all sheathing materials.

As for the disadvantages, they are as follows:

• gradual destruction of the material under the sun;
• the need to take into account during installation a significant expansion of polycarbonate when heated;
• without end protection, polycarbonate cells will quickly fill with dirt, condensate and mold, the material will bloom and become unusable.

To create a greenhouse with your own hands, it is important to choose the right quality polycarbonate. An important criterion in the choice should be the manufacturer. Do not chase cheapness and buy Chinese materials. A proven high-quality manufacturer of polycarbonate in the domestic market is the Kinplast company. Its assortment includes several grades of cellular polycarbonate: WOGGEL - a premium material created in collaboration with European colleagues; SKYGLASS - represents an ideal ratio of price and quality; AgroTITANIUM and polycarbonate SPECIAL FOR GREENHOUSES - designed to create greenhouses and greenhouses, contributes to the creation of an optimal microclimate for plants, is distinguished by an affordable price.

Video - Making a greenhouse with your own hands from A to Z

Greenhouse with a main wall and do-it-yourself heat accumulation

Winter greenhouses with the possibility of growing seedlings, vegetables and berries, even in cold weather, have been known to gardeners for a very long time. But they have one significant drawback - high heating costs. How to solve this problem? First, it is necessary to limit the loss of such valuable heat. To do this, in the greenhouse below, the northern half is allocated as a utility room, and between it and the beds is a main wall upholstered with mineral wool. In addition, the building is equipped with a heat accumulator.

This accumulator is a network of rather thick pipes laid underground and having exits to the outside. During the day, sunlight warms the soil in the greenhouse, which does the same to the air in the pipes. At night, the temperature in the greenhouse drops. Warm air, obeying the laws of physics, rushes up, cold air - down into the pipes. There it warms up from the soil, the cycle repeats, the circulation of air masses begins, the temperature in the greenhouse remains within the limits suitable for seedlings and plants.

Consider the construction of such a structure in the form of step-by-step instructions.

Step 1. A site is selected, measurements and demarcations are made. A pit breaks out with a depth of 30 to 70 cm, its walls and bottom are leveled. To speed up the process when building a large greenhouse, it is advisable to use special equipment.

Step 2 Along the edges of the pit, a formwork for a strip foundation is being constructed.

Step 3 Concrete is poured inside the formwork, a strip foundation is created.

If necessary, foundation slabs are poured in the center and supports for columns are installed (here - segments of metal pipes, concrete is also poured inside) supporting the roof of the building

Step 4 The bottom of the pit inside the perimeter is covered with thermal insulation.

Step 5 Horizontal pipelines are laid on top of the thermal insulation to ensure air circulation.

Step 6 The ends of the air ducts are being equipped, everything inside the foundation is covered with earth.

Step 7 The frame of the northern and side walls of the greenhouse is being constructed. Instead of wood, you can use brick or concrete blocks.

Construction of a wooden frame, the foundation is pre-covered with waterproofing