Like rice paddies. Banau rice fields

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Rice comes in different lengths: short, medium and long. It will germinate easily in your garden bed or box if you have the right soil, water, and nutrients. Short-grain, medium-grain and long-grain rice grows especially well in humid conditions, in particular where there is puddle of water or there is a swampy area. After the rice grains have grown, the water they were in should evaporate, and then the rice can be harvested and peeled. Once harvested and cleaned, the rice is ready to eat.

Steps

Plant rice

Buy rice seeds from any gardening or farm store. You can also buy rice seeds from a specialty store or ask your local agriculture officer for help. There are several main types of rice:

Long-grain... This variety has light and lush grains. This rice is slightly drier than other varieties.
Medium grain... When cooked, such rice turns out to be juicy, tender, slightly sticky and has a light creamy taste. It has the same texture as long grain rice.
Short-grain... When cooked, such rice becomes soft and sticky. It's sweeter. This kind of rice is used in making sushi.
Sweet... This rice is quite sticky and forms a sticky mass when cooked. It is often used to make food that is kept in the freezer.
Fragrant... This rice has a rich taste and smell. This type includes basmati, jasmine, red and black japonica rice.
Arborio... This rice gets a creamy texture with a firm center when cooked. It is commonly used in risotto and other Italian dishes.

Choose a growing location. Make sure the soil contains slightly acidic clay. You can grow rice in plastic containers using the same soil. Wherever you decide to plant seeds, you need a reliable water source and drainage system.
Take 30-50 grams of seeds. Soak the seeds in water to prepare them for planting. Leave it on for 12 hours (but not more than 36 hours). Then remove the seeds from the water.
- While the seeds are in the water, decide where and how you will plant them. Many people like to plant seeds in rows so that later it will be easier to water and process them. Dig grooves and install something around the edges to keep the water from sinking into the ground. This does not mean that the water has to stay in the ditches all the time, but the grooves must be moist.
Plant rice seeds in the ground in the fall or spring. Weed the soil, remove the weeds, and level the soil, then plant the seeds.
- Remember that the ground must be moist at all times. It is much easier to fill several small holes with water than one large one. If you plan to grow rice outdoors, it will be easier for you if the rice will grow in several beds.
- If you are planting rice in the fall, you will need to get rid of the weeds in the spring so that the rice gets all the nutrients it needs and has enough space.
Seedling care
1. Pour at least 5 centimeters of water into your garden bed or box with soil. This is a classic recommendation, but many people have noticed that it is enough to just keep the soil moist all the time and not leave the water standing. Decide for yourself. The main thing is not to forget to monitor the moisture level.
  - Add compost or mulch to cover the seeds. This will take the seeds. Organic compost retains moisture and is therefore worth using, especially in dry climates.

Rice is the oldest and most widespread crop. Its grains, rich in amino acids, have excellent taste and are well absorbed by the body. The use of cereals is carried out in various areas of the national economy. Read about the technology of growing rice in the article.

Peculiarities

How does rice grow? For the comfortable growth of this culture, excessively moist soils are needed. This tropical annual loves shade. An important condition for its growth is the water regime in terms of development phases. For example, when seedlings appear, the soil must be saturated with water. In the future, favorable conditions are those when the field will be covered with a layer of water.

The process of grain swelling is influenced by temperature. At +13 o C, the seed absorbs water for five to six days to germinate, at +17 o C - two days, at +27 o C - 15 hours. The range in which the process of rice germination takes place is large: +12 ... +41 o C. The optimal temperature is considered to be +18 o C, and the duration is up to three days. Grain ceases to germinate at +10 ... +12 o C.

Rice in a crop rotation

Cultivation is carried out according to special 5-9-field crop rotations. In order to obtain high yields, the agro-reclamation conditions for growing rice must be good. For this, the fields are removed from the flooding. Dry-growing plants, usually fodder grasses, are planted on them, or areas are left for fallow. This means that the crop rotation includes grass and fallow fields.

After such predecessors as legumes and grasses, rice can be sown for three consecutive years. If the field was set aside for fallow - two years. It is not by chance that grasses are included in the rice crop rotation: they destroy bog weeds, saturate the soil with nutrients, and provide high quality forage.

The inclusion of the steam link is of great importance, especially for the implementation of repair work related to reclamation. In addition, fertility increases thanks to green manure. Rice fields under steam are sown with vetch, rapeseed, soybeans, peas, buckwheat and other plants, including mixtures.

Where does it grow?

Rice is cultivated in countries with tropical climates, but is also grown in the subtropics. Currently, the cereal is widespread in China, India, South America, Indonesia. In Asian countries, the crop is grown by hand. America, for example, has come up with a better way of planting - from an airplane to a field.

The cultivated rice grows in special flat fields flooded with water. Dry territories and plateaus are suitable for blasting unpretentious varieties. There is a wild form of rice, the appearance of which is different from the usual white rice. It is found in the USA and Canada on numerous small lakes.

Rice growing

The main types of farming for the cultivation of this crop are:

Dry rice growing. It is used in regions with rare precipitation. Acceptable in regions with warm summers for sites, most of which are low-lying swampy areas.
Spillage rice growing. For the cultivation of cereals, pouring meadows, or checks, are used. The bottom line is that the sites are deliberately flooded. For this, trenches are dug out and filled with water. But it is lowered half a month before the harvest, so the soil has time to dry out. This method of growing rice is the most common.

Liman rice growing as a way of growing crops is considered ineffective in the modern world, although certain regions in the south and east of Asia practice it. Rice is cultivated in areas with frequent floods that occur during the spring and summer seasons. The river bays are also used for the cultivation of cereals.

Why does rice grow in water?

This culture is a plant that is not afraid of flooding. How does rice grow? The roots receive oxygen from the leaves, which take it from the air. Water supplies food to plants, it also helps to cope with weeds, thereby increasing yields. To create favorable conditions for the comfortable growth of rice, flat lands are divided into sections using rollers. Channels are formed, which are filled with water.

Growing technology

The process of growing rice on checks does not depend on the weather, as it is completely controlled by humans. This method is most often used for growing cereals. Rice planting is carried out as follows:

For growing seedlings, seeds are sown in special cells. Their germination is carried out at a temperature of +13 ... +16 o C.
Then the resulting seedlings are planted on the check.
A few days later, the checks are flooded to the water level above the ground surface within 13-15 cm.For good growth, the plant needs warmth, therefore the air temperature should be at least +25 ... +30 o C.
When it's time to kill the weeds, the water goes down. After weeding, which is done by hand, the checks are refilled.
In order for the rice to ripen and the earth to dry out, the water is drained before harvesting the cereals. Tentatively, this should be done when the stems change from green to yellow.

How is rice grown in China?

Chinese breeders have bred 10 thousand varieties of this cereal. They differ from one another by the region and growing conditions, size, color and density of the grain, as well as the period of its ripening. Flooded fields are suitable for cultivating some varieties, while dry soil is suitable for others.

Rice cultivation in China is carried out in fields flooded with water. Farmers move along them on foot and by boat, regardless of the weather. A non-standard method is used for planting rice. How does rice grow? The seeds are sown in a special greenhouse. The soil is mud mixed with water. This is done in order to select the most viable plants.

How does rice grow? When the seedlings reach 10 cm in height, they are thrown into the water, in the soil they will take root on their own. When they grow up to 50 cm in height, they begin to bloom. The scent of flowers is reminiscent of boiled rice, but more delicate and sweet. At this time, grains begin to form.

After harvesting, rice is scattered directly on the roads for drying, and then sent to storage. In the warehouse, the humidity is constantly monitored. If the grains are provided with ideal conditions, rice is stored for 12 months, in packaged form - for three years. Every year, China produces 600 billion kilograms of rice, but still it is not enough to meet the needs of the entire population of the country.

The history of rice in Russia

Quite recently, the abundance of Kuban rice could boast the counters of Russian stores. They began to actively cultivate crops in our country under Khrushchev, these were small rice fields. Even earlier, Peter I, and later - revolutionary leaders after the proclamation of Soviet power, attempted to cultivate rice. And only when reclamation systems were created in the 60s of the last century, the industrial cultivation of cereals in the Krasnodar Territory became possible.

Rice of the Kuban

Currently, 90% of all rice in Russia is grown in the Krasnodar Territory. For this, all conditions have been created in this region. The region is characterized by a favorable ecological situation and a unique climate. Rice cultivation in the Krasnodar Territory is carried out using such lands, which are called floodplain and floodplain. Their location is the lower reaches of the Kuban River. It is always warm here and there is a supply of land resources. Due to the flat relief with slight slopes, it is possible to build rice fields with large checks.

In the Kuban, modern technology is used to grow rice. The process of growing a crop can be conditionally divided into three stages:

In May, when the weather settles and becomes warm, cereals begin to be planted. The soil is well watered in advance.
When the seedlings grow up to 15-20 cm, the field is flooded. The tops of the culture should look out of the water.
Before harvesting, the water is drained. This is done 14-20 days before.

In the fields, the required water level is maintained by a system of canals. To get one kilogram of rice cereal, seven tons of water are spent. Grain is harvested using special combines and only on fine days. If fog hangs over the fields or it rains, the equipment does not enter the field.

Usage

Rice as the most important raw material is used by the medical, textile and perfume industries. It is used to make cardboard, paper, bags, ropes, baskets and many other products. Rice straw is used to feed livestock, although there is an undoubted benefit in it, since the husk is rich in nutrients. People mostly eat white rice. However, red is considered the best in Japan. It turns pinkish as a result of exposure to beneficial bacteria. The dishes prepared from it were eaten by the emperors.

One of the main natural attractions of Bali is the rice terraces. Their area covers thousands of hectares, and some are over 1,000 years old.

In this article I will tell you about the most beautiful rice terraces in Bali, how rice is grown and harvested on the island. I will also introduce you to the most popular rice fields, tell you where they are and how much it costs to visit them. In addition, here you will find useful tips for visiting the terraces.

On this site you can read about the many attractions of the island. For your convenience, I have categorized them. You are now in the "Rice terraces" section. To get acquainted with another category, go to the "Places by Category" section and click the link you are interested in. A complete list of attractions is available in the All Places section.

G allalang rice terraces) are located in central Bali, 9 km north of Ubud. They are located 800 m above sea level, in a river valley. It is one of the oldest and most visited attractions on the island.

What rice fields are there on the island

Rice is the main agricultural crop for the Balinese. It is used in a variety of dishes and is eaten almost every day. Pis is grown both on plains and in mountainous regions. There is not so much fertile land on the island, so the locals try to use every piece of it.

Interesting fact: the word "nasi", which translates as "rice", has a second meaning - "food". This speaks of the great importance of this culture for the Balinese.

Rice fields are of two types:

Terraces
These are steps created on the slopes of the hills. Some of them are thousands of years old. It is the terraces that most of all attract tourists, as they look very beautiful and unusual.
Fields
They are located mainly on the plains in the western, south-western and central parts of the island. Similar places can be seen in any agricultural region of the world, so tourists rarely come here.

The most interesting terraces are located in the central part of the island, around Ubud. There are beautiful places in the east and north of the island, in the area of large lakes.

Here is a list of rice terraces that I would advise you to visit:

Ranked first in terms of attendance. Located slightly north of Ubud. It is believed that this is where the most beautiful views and the best photographs are obtained. Near the terraces there are several good cafes, observation platforms, souvenir shops with products of local residents.

Prices:
Rs 5,000 may be asked when entering some sections of the field
10,000 rupees worth parking near the terraces
You can visit the terraces at any time of the day
Address: Jalan Tegallalang, Teg allalang, Kabupaten Gianyar

Here are some villages near the island's cultural capital with beautiful rice terraces:

Sayan
Payangan
Puj ung
Penestanan
Pengosekan

4. Belimbing Villag e

This village is also located in Tabanan district, 5 0 km from Denpasar. It is surrounded by rice terraces. In addition to them, you can see fruit orchards with mangosteen, rambutan, durian, coconuts, as well as cocoa and clove plantations. Not far from the terraces there are two waterfalls - Singsing Bemben and Sing sing Sade. Many monkeys live in the rainforest, and the fields offer an excellent view of Mount Batukara.

Free admission, donations may be requested
Opening hours - round the clock
Address: Jln. Belimbing, Tabanan

5. Kekeran Busung Biu Rice Terrace

Located in the north of the island, near the village of Munduk. The terraces are conveniently accessible on the way to Lovina or to the northern lakes. This place is rarely visited by tourists, as it is located at some distance from popular resorts. Rice terraces are built on hills between which the river flows. Local farmers also grow fruits and spices.

Admission is free, peasants can offer you to buy fruits or simple homemade dishes
Opening hours - round the clock
Address: Jl. Singarja - Pupuan, Singaraja

6. Rendang Ri ce Terrace

The place is located near Mount Agung and the Beskaikh temple, in the Si demen valley. Here, rice terraces are interspersed with fields, surrounded by jungle on all sides. The valley occupies a huge territory; it is crossed by the Unda River. It will take at least six hours to walk around all the rice fields in the area. You will have a beautiful view of the sacred Mount Agung and the temple at its foot.

the entrance is free
Opening hours - round the clock
Address: Rendang, Karangasem

7. Ngis

A small village on the east coast, between Amlapura and the village of Abang. Local rice terraces are in no way inferior in beauty to the most popular in Tabanan. There are very few tourists, in order to get to the fields, you need to turn off the main road a little.

the entrance is free
Opening hours - round the clock
Address: Ngis, Karangasem

8. Tirta Gang ga

This is the name of one of the royal palaces in the Karangasem district. But this is often the name for the entire area around the palace. Here you can see very beautiful rice terraces. They are not located on such steep slopes as in the mountainous regions of the island; in some places they resemble fields. But a walk along them is not fatiguing, suitable for people with any level of physical fitness.

the entrance is free
Opening hours - round the clock
Address: Tirta Gangga, Ababi, Abang, Karangasem Reg ency

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How rice is grown on the island

The appearance of rice terraces is completely dependent on the rice growing cycles. Modern species ripen quickly, in 110 days. Therefore, they make it possible to collect 2-3 crops per year. Traditionally grown in Bali, the varieties mature in 210 days. No wonder the local year lasts just such a period of time. Most of the religious practices on the island involve planting, growing and harvesting rice. After all, this culture is the basis of nutrition, and therefore the life of the Balinese.

It is also customary to divide rice into several varieties:

Bar ak, or red rice.
It is considered sacred, it is the most expensive on the island, it is used, most often, in temples for religious rites. In fact, the seeds are not red, but pink.
Inji n, or black rice.
It is grown a little, used for various fillings and sweet desserts. The color of the grains is not entirely black - rather dark purple.
Ket an, or white rice.
It is the main variety eaten on the island. It is sometimes dyed yellow with turmeric for use in temple ceremonies.

Growing process

First, rice grains are sown in special areas to get seedlings. While it is growing, farmers plow the land. In many fields, buffaloes and ancient instruments are still used. In some places it is simply impossible to fit the equipment. But often the reason is different: a tractor or a harvester is expensive, there is no money to buy them or even rent. After all, the peasants earn very little.

When the seedlings grow by 10-15 cm, they are transferred to fields flooded with water, the seedlings are transferred by hand. An experienced farmer can plant a 20 square meter field in 15 minutes. Very often women are engaged in this, often hired workers. In high season, people come here even from neighboring Java.

When the rice is planted, water gradually begins to flow onto the terraces. Its quantity is strictly regulated. If one of the farmers takes more water than they should, they can be punished for theft. Although now there is a system of "borrowing" water. If someone does not have enough moisture, but there is too much of it in the neighboring fields, or they are not planted with rice, you can, with the consent of the board, bring more water to your field.

Terraces flooded with water with young green sprouts look the most beautiful. They resemble huge mirrors in which the sky is reflected. In a few days the ears will grow up and the steps on the hillsides will acquire an emerald color. Before being harvested, they turn gold.

Ripe rice is also harvested on the terraces by hand. The technique is used more often in ordinary fields. The cut ears are dried in the sun and threshed next to the terraces. Then they need to be freed from their outer shells. Modern farmers more often give it away at a station with special equipment, and do not process it by hand, as before.

It is difficult to say exactly when this or that cycle of planting and harvesting rice according to the European calendar begins. After all, the seasons in Bali do not coincide with him. When harvesting in two ways, the crop is planted for the first time around January or February, and the second time in July or August. The first crop is harvested in April or May, the second in October or November. It is better to find out the time of collection of traditional varieties on the spot or just before leaving for the island. They are disembarked at the end of the rainy season.

When all the fields are cleared, ducks are released onto them. These birds pick up the remaining grains, clear the fields from insects and pests. They also fertilize the land with their droppings. Often on the terraces flooded with water, fish and even crabs start up. Although, with modern rice cultivation technologies, this happens less and less. After all, they began to intensively use chemical fertilizers, means to combat pests and diseases, from which fish die.

The history of rice growing on the island

Who and when planted the first grain of rice on Balinese soil is not known for certain. There are many legends and studies. I want to tell you about them further.

Legends about the appearance of rice

The Balinese believe that rice was sent to the island by the gods. They wanted to present the inhabitants with seeds of the four sacred colors - black, red, white and yellow. Fri Itza Siwa, who was carrying rice to the islanders, ate the yellow ones on the way. Only a few seeds remained, which were planted under the roof of the house. Turmeric grew from them, with its help they began to dye white rice yellow for use in ceremonies.

In Hinduism, these four colors have the following meaning:

Black.
The color of misery and sadness, but it scares away evil spirits. This color is also often associated with the god Vishnu.
Red.
According to mythology, this is the color of the goddess Durga or Shakti, the wife of Shiva. Dur ga symbolizes positive and creative energy, heavenly harmony, she conquers evil and transforms it into good. In addition, the color red sometimes symbolizes the god Br ahma.
White.
A symbol of peace and tranquility, death and rebirth, purity, peace and knowledge. According to legend, belongs to the goddess of arts and wisdom Sar Savati, as well as to the god Shiva.
Yellow.
The color of purity, knowledge, harmony, power of reason. According to Hindu mythology, this color belongs to the supreme god Sang Hy Yang Vidi.

The main patrons of rice on the island are the water goddess Devi Danu and the fertility goddess Devi Sri (or Sr idevi). The latter is in many ways analogous to the Indian goddess Lakshmi. She is also considered the patroness of the moon and the underworld, birth and death. According to legend, the goddess emerged from an egg that the snake god Anta carried as a gift to Batara Gur u (an analogue of Shiva). Batara Guru adopted a little girl, and when she grew up fell in love with his own daughter.

In order not to disturb the heavenly harmony by sin, the gods decided to kill Devi Sri and bury her on earth. From the body of a beautiful virgin, many fruits have grown, which people use for food. From the head - a coconut tree, from the lips, ears and nose - vegetables and spices, from the chest - fruit trees, from the hands - teak tree, from the thighs - bamboo, from the bosom - sugar cane, from the legs - root crops. Rice, according to one of the versions, grew from the navel, according to the other - from the eyes. Moreover, red grains grew from the left eye, and white ones from the right.

Figures of the goddess Devi Shr and can be seen in every rice field. Often they are symbolic, they consist of two triangles connected by vertices. Sometimes these figures are made from grains of rice. Prayers to the goddess are offered on the days of planting rice and harvesting at small altars placed in the fields. By and large, the Devi Sri cult is still pre-Hindu, but now it is intertwined with the religion that has become traditional in Bali.

Historical facts

Many studies indicate that the oldest terraces on the island were laid out about 1,200 years ago. At the same time, a special system of irrigation and social relations arose called "subak" (subak). It is unique to Bali. In other regions of Asia, you can also find similar terraces and irrigation systems. But nowhere else are they based on such a social order and philosophy as here. He survived centuries, did not succumb to the colonialists and even opposes modern globalization.

Subak is a very multifaceted concept. It resembles a multi-tiered pagoda of a Balinese temple.

Subak includes:

Engineering system
Water enters the terraces from lakes and a few rivers through a system of canals, underground water pipelines, dams, and artificial waterfalls. Then it descends from the upper levels to the lower ones. The water flows through the volcanic soil, enriched with minerals. Thus, it not only moisturizes, but also fertilizes the soil.
Social system
Subak is a community, relations within which are regulated so that all its members have equal access to irrigation. The subaka has a very strong system of mutual aid. All the peasants give part of the rice to the community. From there it is distributed to poor families, the sick and the elderly. The larger the field area of a particular farmer, the more water he uses, and the higher the contribution to the general fund.
The legal system
Members of the Subak community have clearly developed laws for the use of water resources, a system for monitoring them, and even punishment for violations of the rules of one group member.
Territorial system
The boundaries of each subak are clearly defined and carefully enforced.
Spiritual system
Numerous temples are the center of water distribution. There are many ceremonies for planting, growing and harvesting rice.
Philosophical system

All subak members must live in harmony with God, nature and with each other. Even engineering designs and rice growing cycles are subject to these spiritual and philosophical principles. The canals are built in such a way that the water through them returns back to the lakes and rivers. In addition, irrigation and terrace construction prevents soil erosion on the hillsides.

The subak culture is very firmly established in the life of the Balinese. Researchers are surprised to note that even the power of kings in the communities was limited. Monarchies never entered the phase of absolutism. Subaki as agricultural units have always had partial autonomy.

Temples play a very important role in the subaka system. They are the center for the management and distribution of water resources. The spiritual basis, based on the harmonious interaction of man with nature, allowed for centuries to maintain an ecological balance on the island and build such relationships between people that did not give rise to either excessive poverty or excessive wealth. All water first flows through the territory of the temples, and then enters the fields.

During the Dutch conquest of the island, the subak system was nearly destroyed. The colonialists did not want to reckon with local customs, ignored the importance of temples in agriculture and the system of mutual assistance in the communities. A sharp decline in rice cultivation began, the land began to be used for the cultivation of spices, cocoa and coffee for export. There was no rice left even for food, from which the local population was severely starved. Ultimately, the punishment came. The numerous coffee plantations that were planted on the island fell ill and almost all died.

During World War II, when the Japanese ruled the island, rice cultivation resumed. The authorities of Indonesia, which included Bali, also developed this direction. In the 1960s, new varieties were brought from the Philippines, which ripened faster and gave more yield. Only they were too susceptible to pests and diseases. They had to use insecticides and other chemicals to grow them. This significantly affected the ecological situation. Intensive industrial production, new taxes based on the old Dutch taxes, began to undermine the subac system as well.

The cultural significance of rice growing

With the development of tourism on the island, the traditional way of life of local farmers has been greatly shaken. Young people today do not want to work on parental farms. It is easier to achieve success and make money in big cities and tourist centers than in the fields. The average age of Balinese farmers is 45-5 0 years. Generations pass away and both technical knowledge and the special spiritual significance of the rice culture are gradually being lost. In addition, many fields are no longer cultivated due to the lack of water, which is used to maintain the resorts. Land near the terraces is being bought up for hotels and restaurants.

Officially, there are about 1200 traditional communities on the island. Each is managed by 50 to 400 farmers. But the number of farmers is decreasing every year. In order to preserve the unique subak system, UNESCO introduced it to the World Cultural Heritage in 201 2.

Also under the protection of UNESCO were five terraces and objects:

Subak is centered at the Pura Ulun Danu temple near Lake Batur.
Lake Batur itself with the surrounding rice terraces
Subak Pakeri san Watershed - the oldest irrigation system on the island
Subak Catur Angg a Baturkaru. Terraces in this area have been mentioned since the 10th century.
Pura Taman Ayun Royal Temple - an example of classical Balinese architecture

The main work of UNESCO is carried out precisely at these sites. The main condition is the use of traditional irrigation systems, the exclusion of the use of modern technology and fertilizers. One of the directions is the cultivation of organic, environmentally friendly rice. It is in great demand among Americans, Europeans and Australians who come here to relax. In addition, the rice paddies themselves in Bali are becoming very popular among holidaymakers.

As you can see, tourism, on the one hand, undermines the traditional rural life, encouraging young people to leave their villages and work in the resort area. On the other hand, ecotourism increases the interest of tourists to rice terraces. Perhaps this is the only way to save traditional agriculture.

What you need to know when visiting the rice terraces

Bali's rice paddies will allow you to experience the ancient cultivation system of this Asian culture, see beautiful landscapes and do your bit in support of one of the world's heritage sites.

Here are some tips for organizing your trip:

Rice terraces look different depending on the crop cycle. To see the fields flooded with water, you need to go to the terraces in late January or early February. If modern varieties are grown on the terraces, then also at the end of July or the beginning of August. Green fields can be seen in March or April, and ripe rice in May.

In the water on the terraces, mosquito larvae breed perfectly, sometimes they fly in whole clouds. Therefore, a repellent will come in handy on a trip.
Entrance fees are charged only on the most popular terraces among tourists, in other places you can be shown everything completely free of charge or for a small voluntary donation.
Before taking pictures of farmers, it is advisable to ask them for permission. Some are happy to pose, others ask for a fee. In any case, it is worth respecting a person's personal space.
Near the popular terraces, there are cafes and restaurants with beautiful views where you can dine. There are no such fields near the less well-known fields, but there you can buy fruits, spices, and coffee from local farmers at a low price.
There are hotels near some of the terraces, where you can rent a room with a beautiful view of the rice-planted hills.

Bali has a lot of rice terraces and fields. All of them are beautiful in their own way, and it is not at all necessary to go to the plantations that are advertised in the tour of historical avenues. Since rice varieties with different planting cycles are now grown on the island, you can see seedlings, and green terraces, and harvesting in one trip.

For those interested in the history of rice growing on the island, I recommend visiting

Rice fields in China have long ceased to exist as an object of economic culture, but have also become popular as a tourist area. Undoubtedly, today this ancient culture continues to be grown on rice terraces, but many tourists visit precisely because of this attraction. ( 33 photo)

Everyone knows that the rice culture originated from China. Although today there are different opinions about the origin and the first cultivation of rice. Someone, for example, believes that the birthplace of rice was India, someone claims that it first appeared in Japan.

But, one way or another, today rice is the most popular cereal in all of Asia. Such volumes of this product are not eaten anywhere in the world as in Asia. In China and Japan, this is a national dish. The Chinese eat rice every day with almost any dish, and they do not get bored with it.

Also, China can boast of the largest indicators in the extraction of this valuable product. Up to 90 percent of the world's rice is produced here. In general, there is nothing surprising in this, in a country where they practically do not eat anything else. China has devoted centuries to the art of rice cultivation.

It is known that in the 17th century, China began to grow rice. It is interesting that in a territory that is not famous for its vast expanses, they were able to adapt everything for the cultivation of this product.

Rice has been cultivated on the ground for over 5 thousand years. The first economic enterprises began exactly 5 thousand years ago. Since then, many technologies have been developed and tested. Today the following options for growing cereals are the most popular: dry, check and estuary.

The most popular and effective way is check. This is when the field is completely flooded, and the water is drained during the ripening of the crop, for the convenience of harvesting grain. Rice mining in China is based on this method.

Dry land is used in an area with a lot of precipitation, it assumes that it does not need to be watered. The estuary is suitable for growing rice in places where the river is flooded.

China has spent many years to create what we see in photographs today and are surprised. China has adapted absolutely the entire territory for its own purposes, despite the large number of mountains and irregularities.

For a long time, China's policy was such that every Chinese had to take care of his land plot, where he would grow rice, and on which the well-being of his family directly depends.

So they did it, spent a lot of effort on adapting the allocated area for growing rice. Bridges were dug in the rock, horizontal pools were made, walls were strengthened.

Interestingly, all rice fields in China are built in such a way that water from the upper terraces flows down to the lower parts of the field. That is, it saves most of the money on the delivery of the required amount of water. In many regions of China, there are enough mountain sources, and they do not use additional irrigation at all.

It is difficult even to imagine how much effort and human energy has been invested in those fields that we have the honor to observe today. After all, it is not enough to build a terrace in compliance with all norms, it needs to be greased and substituted annually. The walls of some terraces could be fragile, and the breakthrough of one terrace could have negative consequences for all other down-standing fields.

Rice terraces in the cave

Some fences can be up to 1.5 meters high. Moreover, China grew rice even in karst caves, there are still equipped fields. In the absence of light, rice grew.

It is believed that the best and highest quality rice grows in China. Rice fields are found at various heights, from 200 to 2000 meters above sea level. The most popular sites are 1500 meters above sea level.

Today China also makes money from visiting tourists. This is probably the case when demand creates supply. Every year, thousands of tourists come to China to see the unique rice fields.

The ticket price is affordable for most vacationers, and is equal to the amount of about 250 rubles. For tourists, special viewing areas are equipped, from which a stunning view of the fields opens. This is how the route for vacationers was drawn up, in which the most interesting zones were selected.

Rice fields in China change color depending on the season. They can be bright pink, they can cover everything in green, they can appear mirrored and reflect the blue sky.

The most popular and best time of the year to visit the fields is spring or summer. During these periods, the fields play with the greatest colors. Although there are areas where rice is harvested all year round.

The unusual solution of rice fields also allows you to solve the issue of fertilization. The remaining tops from the rice stalks rot and serve as a good fertilizer.

The rice variety itself is designed in such a way that it is able to conduct air through the stem to the root system, thus, it allows itself to be completely flooded with water.

The rice stalk is 50 cm on average, although there are some varieties that reach 1.5 meters. Above, at the end of the stem, a bunch is formed in the form of a broom. It also contains rice. The seeds are chipped, but in this form it is not yet suitable for consumption. It is necessary to remove the top, protective layer of the seed, which is too coarse for human consumption. Rice is husked, and the already clean grains, which were hidden inside, are ready to eat and end up on our tables. Waste is used as animal feed.

Rice fields in China will not leave anyone indifferent. Such beauty attracts attention even through photographs. In personal presence, they are even more beautiful and majestic.

Today, the question of including the rice fields of China in the UNESCO World Heritage List is even being considered.

Modern technologies of our century make it possible to scatter rice automatically when planting. That is, many countries plant rice by scattering the grain from an airplane. But China is using the old manual seedling method.

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One of the main attractions in China is this. For many thousands of years, rice has been the basis of the diet of every inhabitant of this great country. Therefore, traditions are followed not only in the meal ceremony. The art of growing rice is itself.

"Have you eaten rice today?" - not idle curiosity, but the greeting of the Chinese when they meet. It is impossible to imagine the life of an ordinary resident of China without this grain crop. And rice is sown not only on the plains, but also on the slopes of the mountains.

The famous are engineering marvels. They began to be erected in the XIII century A.D. The highest quality and tastiest varieties are grown in Yunnan province. Dozens of kilometers stretch chinese rice fields... Here, at an altitude of 200-2000 meters above sea level, on an area of 20 thousand square meters, thousands of terraces are spread.

Everything is created by hand without the use of any modern technological advances. In fact, rice fields in Yunnan Is an autonomous crop growing system. Water flowing down from the mountain peaks floods the holes. As a result, then weeds do not grow, the soil is enriched with nitrogen and all favorable conditions are created for the ripening of rice. At the same time, rice grains are germinated in special nurseries, which are then manually planted in flooded holes.

View the rice terraces in China travelers from all countries come. A spectacle that will delight you at any time. Water-flooded fields can be seen from November to April. The water surface reflects the sky and the sun, clouds and the moon.

In spring, the rice field in Yunnan turns into a green carpet. In the fall, the fields take on the vibrant colors of fall. The mesmerizing view of the patchwork carpet is so fantastic that it is not immediately possible to believe in the reality of its existence. The landscape seems to have been painted with the brush of a skilled artist.

The locals took care of the tourists, creating comfortable conditions so that everyone could enjoy the stunning picture to their fullest and capture it with their camera. Viewpoints can be found here, from where amazing view of China's rice terraces... True, the entrance to them is not free, but the symbolic amount of 50 yuan (equivalent to 250 rubles) is, indeed, a small price to pay for an amazing experience.

Longji (Dragon Ridge) - rice terraces of the Guangxi province of China in the Longsheng mountains

Located 27 km south of Longsheng Town, the extensive rice terraces "Dragon's Ridge", layer by layer is covered with hills and mountains. These are some of the most famous terraces in all of China, famous far beyond China for their fabulous landscapes.

The old Longsheng people have a saying: "Where there is land, there will be a rice terrace." In the Chinese province of Guangxi, a two-hour drive from Guilin, the problem of sowing and growing rice on steep slopes has long been resolved. Even the Yuan dynasty at the end of the 13th century began the implementation of the large-scale task of sowing rice in the Longsheng Mountains.

It took four centuries to create the rice fields known as Longji. During this time, many generations have worked hard on the terraces to provide their families with a year's supply of rice. But they also created an amazingly beautiful area. It is not for nothing that the Chinese call this little miracle "a delightful terrace."

This area looks different at different times of the year. The water that has accumulated over the winter is poured onto the fields in the form of rains in the spring. In the summer, the winds that sway the rice shoots turn the fields into green rice fields. In autumn, a ripe crop field acquires a noble golden color, and in winter the entire slope is covered with snow.

The people who were forced to settle en masse in this hilly area during the reign of the Yuan Dynasty faced the problem of a lack of harvest due to the peculiarities of the local region: the growing population could not get a large enough harvest. Therefore, people have come up with an unusual technique for better use of arable land.

The pinnacle of human ingenuity is natural rainfall, which is the only source of water in mountainous areas. Water is stored in reservoirs and in spring rice fields flooded with water. The staggered terraces ensure that all the water is utilized without residue.

The Zhuang ethnic group refers to the terraces as the "Spine of the Dragon." From a height of 800 meters, the naked eye can see that the fields are like the scales of a slumbering dragon with a wriggling ridge.

Rice fields, the highest point of which is at an altitude of 1,100 meters, cover an area of 60 square kilometers.

Visitors are always welcome here, and many locals even open small inns for travelers. Visiting rice fields of china, you can learn a lot about the culture and characteristics of the local population. Terraces are best visited in spring or summer to discover them in their best possible way. Arriving in the fall, you will see tall rice, the terraces will look like undulating hills.

For centuries rice terraces were in the possession of families, from generation to generation they were passed from father to son. When the communists came to power, the rules changed: at the birth of a person, a certain land allotment is allocated to him, and after death, the local committee alienates it for its use and later transfers it to someone else.

Although each family is able to grow crops only for their own needs, rice is grown here not only for food. After all, there is always a place in life for small joys. And every year, a portion of the crop, called glutinous rice, is used to make rice wine.

Now, with the twenty-first century in the yard, the role of paddy fields is certainly not as important as it used to be. More and more young people are going to work in Longsheng or beyond. And, despite the fact that the terraces are still planted with rice, they no longer serve as the main source of income for the local population.

Rice grown here cannot be sold at a competitive price, since the area of the terraces simply does not allow for large volumes of grain. However, these chinese rice fields are increasingly included in tourist maps and villagers earn more from tourism every year than from rice fields. So rice plantation in Longsheng will be as long as they do not get bored with tourists.

Rice terraces in China

Seeing once, it seems that rice cultivation in this country is carried out using landscape design.

The construction of rice terraces began in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). They are the culmination of deep wisdom and hard work. And what are the names of the viewing platforms around the rice terraces in China: "Nine dragons and five tigers", "Seven stars around the moon" ... Here they are called "the most beautiful in the world" and "the only ones under the clouds."

To the famous Longji rice terraces you need to climb through the village of Ping An, located 27 km south of Longsheng town in Guangxi province.

These are some of the most famous terraces in all of China, thanks to their fabulous landscapes.

Rice terraces occupy an area of 66 sq. km. They are located at an altitude of 300 to 1,100 meters above sea level and with a slope between 25 and 35 degrees, sometimes even 50.

A ticket to the observation decks costs 50 yuan (about 250 rubles).

On the terraces surrounding the village of Pinh An, there are the very two observation decks with picturesque names: "Nine Dragons and Five Tigers" and "Seven Stars Around the Moon".

Still, it is unusual to observe man-made "step fields", picturesquely curving on the slopes:

Rice harvested from Dragon's Ridge is considered one of the finest in the country. There are many reasons for this: it is mountain water, soil and enormous forces applied to grow rice.

A photo for assessing the scale is a step in human growth!

In photographs, the landscapes seem rather monotonous, but in reality they are not!

View of rice terraces varies with the season. In the spring, when the water irrigates the rice fields, the terraces look like large shiny ribbons entwining the slopes of mountains and hills:

In early summer, the rice terraces turn green:

And this is how rice fields look like when it's time to harvest: