Stone house with a flat roof. Projects of houses with a flat roof (62 photos): new materials - new opportunities

Projects of houses with a flat roof have recently become more popular all over the world. Some examples of houses can be safely called masterpieces of architecture. In our country, this direction is still developing, therefore, choosing such a solution for construction, you become the owner of an exclusive modern house.

Houses with a flat roof look impressive, and are also endowed with a number of advantages:

the construction of the roof will take less time and will be cheaper;
ease of maintenance, cleaning and repair work is carried out easier and without the use of special equipment;
the ability to use the roof area useful, for example, arrange a terrace, tables for relaxation, a flower garden or a sports space.

Construction of houses with a flat roof

Despite its apparent simplicity, the strength of the house will be achieved only with careful carrying out of the necessary calculations, especially with regard to ensuring a sufficient level of waterproofing and water drainage, in case of an error, the structure may collapse. That is why for the design and construction of houses with a flat roof, it is necessary to contact specialists with sufficient experience and comply with the required building codes and standards.

Our catalog contains many ready-made projects of houses with a flat roof. Using a convenient filter, you will find different houses by area, number of storeys and material of execution (brick, aerated concrete, frame) with photos and construction prices.

If no cottage project came up in the catalog, we will be happy to develop an individual project for you, where we will take into account and implement all your wishes.

Cooperating with Villaexpert, you can be sure that the construction of a house with a turnkey flat roof will be carried out at the highest level and at a reasonable price, and you will receive a house project as a gift.

There are many roof design options for a private house. Today, along with hipped-roof structures, modern technologies and materials make it possible to create flat versions. It is worth considering in more detail what a flat roof house is, its design features, pros and cons.

Description

Traditionally, in the temperate and northern latitudes, a hipped roof with inclined slopes was erected, which prevented the accumulation of snow cover on the surface and allowed abundant rainfall to drain down onto the rain drain system. Houses with flat roofs were common in the southern regions, where there was no heavy rain and no snow at all in winter. But the development of building technologies and the emergence of modern materials, especially waterproofing, made it possible to create a horizontal roof without problems in any region, even in the Far North.

A flat roof is a floor that is located horizontally directly above the residential floors of a private house. Several layers of insulating materials that protect against moisture, cold and steam, as well as a drainage system, allow you to create reliable top protection in a one-, two- or three-story private house.

Do not be afraid that leaks will appear on the ceiling of the last floor, since with a competent approach and high-quality materials, they are completely excluded. The main thing is to properly operate such a roof and change the coating in a timely manner according to the warranty period.

For buildings with straight roofs, functionality is increased as the roof surface can be used. In many ways, the installation of such buildings is simplified in comparison with the tent options, where it is imperative to erect a rafter system. They also have a lot of other advantages.

Principle and types of construction

To begin with, it is worth noting that a flat roof in a private house is not strictly horizontal, so that water does not accumulate and its drain is carried out, a surface slope of about 5-7 ° is provided. The principle here is the same as in the pitched roof weirs - they are located at a slight slope, which is invisible from the ground, but allows all the accumulated moisture to drain into the downpipe. Also on a flat roof: water collects in a certain place due to the unevenness of the surface, but the site looks horizontal, you can safely break a lawn on it or equip a recreation area.

The drainage system on a similar roof contains special funnels, into which rainwater flows under the action of gravity and then, with the help of a system of hoses, goes into the sewer or underground. These devices are made of plastic that is not exposed to moisture and decay, they are mounted in layers of insulation on the roof, and they are equipped with a protective mesh on top so that the neck and drainage systems do not clog. One such funnel is designed for approximately 100-150 sq. m of roof area, from here you can calculate their total number. Usually for a small country house, 1-2 pieces are enough.

A flat roof can be exploited and unexploited. If it is practically not used, that is, it is climbed several times a year to check the integrity and maintenance, then the coating contains the following layers from bottom to top: thermal insulation, vapor barrier and waterproofing. The flooring technology here is practically the same as in residential multi-apartment and industrial buildings.

There are the following common types of unexploited flat roofs: corrugated and monolithic.

The first option is wireframe. First, a crate made of metal profiles or wooden beams is mounted on a concrete base, insulating materials are placed in it. Then, profile metal sheets are attached to the frame. This is a relatively cheap option, easy to install, and the structure is lightweight. But it is practically impossible to walk on such a roof, because the profiles will bend and deform.

Monolithic coating for a flat roof contains several layers. A vapor barrier film of hot bitumen is laid directly on the concrete slab, followed by mineral wool and waterproofing, and a cement-based screed reinforced with a reinforced mesh is poured on top. Such an unexploited roof will have a lot of weight, but it will reliably protect the house from precipitation and cold.

Another option, if the roof is constantly involved, people walk on it, there are some objects. Then the insulating layer changes in order: first comes the waterproofing, on top of which the thermal insulation is installed. Therefore, such a roof is called inversion.

The procedure for laying materials is as follows: first, a bitumen-polymer membrane is placed on the floor slab, then a layer of thermal insulation made of foam, foam or expanded polystyrene is laid. If there is a desire to create a green lawn on the roof of your house, then a separating and filtering layer of geotextile is laid on top of these insulators, and then a fertile layer on which natural grass will grow.

Such a roof with a fertile layer can be freely operated throughout the warm period; with a properly installed drainage system, it is not afraid of rains. On the roof you can place a playground or a sports ground, put sun loungers or benches, make flower beds and even have a picnic. Operated green roofs are now common not only in country houses, but also in city houses.

Arrangement of a flat roof does not end with flooring and pouring insulating layers and laying drainage systems. For proper operation, it is necessary to create ventilation. Moisture and its vapors can accumulate between the layers of insulation; later, during frost, the insulation cake can crack, bubbles appear on it, and delamination occurs. In order to avoid this, aerators are used - plastic or metal tubes with umbrella-shaped caps, which are mounted inside the roofing. The air entering through them, due to the pressure difference, erodes water vapor from the insulation layers, they remain completely dry.

Another important point after flat roofing is the construction of lightning protection. You should not neglect it, because, despite the low probability of occurrence, a thunderstorm can lead to the most catastrophic consequences in a country house. The lightning protection mesh is installed inside the insulation layers, if they are not combustible, or if they are combustible, on top of them on special holders at a height of 10-12 cm from the surface. All nodes of this mesh are connected into one lightning rod made of thick conductive wire, which goes to ground.

Advantages and disadvantages

Low-rise buildings with a flat roof, built according to various projects, have been in operation in our country for more than a year. Feedback from owners who have lived in such houses for several years will help highlight all the advantages and disadvantages of such structures.

They have the following advantages:

saving materials - no need to build a complex rafter system, and roofing work is simplified;
speed of construction in comparison with gable and even more hip roofs;

ease of repair and replacement of roofing;
the device of a flat roof allows you to make a platform on it for various needs: a lawn, a recreation area with a gazebo, a gym, a children's corner, etc.;

there is an opportunity to mount windows in the ceiling, this is a very original interior design plus an additional source of natural light on the ceiling;
roofing work will be much safer than in the case of a hipped roof;
in case of strong gusts of wind, there is no risk of rupture of massive rafter structures and cladding.

According to the reviews of the owners of such houses, one can also point out the disadvantages of a flat roof:

unlike tent structures, snow will accumulate in large volumes on such roofs in winter, which must be regularly removed by hand;
installation of a drainage system is required;

you will need to constantly monitor the integrity of the roof, the absence of leaks;
despite the apparent ease of installation, flat roofing has many nuances, insulator layers and gutters must be done as correctly as possible, otherwise leaks cannot be avoided.

Many projects of private houses with horizontal roofs came from Europe, where the climate is milder. Therefore, such decisions must be adjusted in accordance with our more severe weather conditions.

What to make of?

A flat roof can be made of various materials, their choice depends on the structure of the building itself.

If the house is brick, made of gas silicate or concrete blocks, then a reinforced concrete slab can be used as a roof covering. In this case, the roof will be as strong as possible; bulky and heavy objects can be placed on it. Such a floor material does not have protection against moisture, therefore, in any case, you will have to make a waterproofing layer from rolled bitumen or a screed with a lower bitumen-polymer membrane.

Wooden roof slabs of a similar design will cost less than concrete ones; they can be made in a suburban area yourself. A frame with beams is installed on the walls, you can take planed beams of 10x4 cm or others as them, the main thing is that they are able to withstand the weight of future insulation and other objects located on the roof. The wood is treated with an antiseptic and a refractory solution. The roof from the bar can be covered with wood-based panels, boards or metal sheeting.

Bitumen is traditionally used as waterproofing for houses with a flat roof. It is a hydrocarbon-based organic material that is produced by the distillation of petroleum. It has excellent waterproofing properties, is not susceptible to moisture, decay, and is not afraid of frost. The main disadvantage of bitumen is considered its non-environmental friendliness - it contains harmful components, when heated, it emits a pungent odor. Nevertheless, bituminous insulation is still in demand, including in the construction of houses with a flat roof.

Bitumen can be rolled and liquid. Usually a combination of the two is used for maximum efficiency. First, a hot solution is poured onto a prepared cleaned surface, then rolls of solid bitumen are rolled upward. This combination allows you to close any microscopic cracks and cracks and reliably protects the roof from moisture ingress.

There are other modern waterproofing materials that are cleaner and more harmless than bitumen. These include, for example, euroruberoid. It is also made on a bituminous basis, but, thanks to the synthetic fabrics and polymers in the composition, it emits less harmful substances and odors. Euroruberoid is produced in rolls, for strength it is sprinkled with special mineral chips.

There is a sprayable roof waterproofing in the form of powders and aerosols. It is applied to the surface using special equipment. Similar mixtures are available from plasticizers, cement, synthetic resins and hardeners. Their advantages are that they not only protect from moisture, but also reflect the sun's rays, do not let steam through.

To protect against precipitation, coating waterproofing is widely used. It, like liquid roofing material, is applied to the roof surface with a roller or brush. Among such materials, emulsion, rubber, polymer mastics and primer are especially common.

There are options for bulk waterproofing in the form of granules that absorb moisture well and prevent it from seeping into the living space. Examples include expanded clay and crushed stone. Their advantage is that no complicated installation is required - the granules simply rise to the level of the roof, crumble and evenly smooth out over the surface.

As a vapor barrier layer, a polyethylene film with a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm is usually used, which is laid over the entire width of the roof under the heat-insulating layer. To protect against the cold, many effective materials are used: mineral wool, polystyrene, polystyrene foam, expanded polystyrene and others.

Solid glass roofs are very impressive and impressive in appearance. The transparent ceiling in the house visually enlarges the space, creates a unique airy atmosphere, the rooms are always as light as possible. It is not very difficult to mount such floors, it is enough to create a frame from metal profiles or wooden frames and glaze it. But the operation of the glass roof becomes more complicated, in winter it is necessary to constantly clean it from the snow cover. Therefore, it is best to make a continuous floor with small skylights.

Design options

A flat roof can be installed both in a one-two-storey house with a small area, and in a spacious cottage. In a large building, you can combine a pitched hipped roof with a horizontal one, for example, using it for an outbuilding or veranda. Roofs can also be different in shape: square, rectangular and more complex. The main thing in a non-standard project is to correctly calculate the slopes and the weir system so that moisture does not accumulate on the surface.

Air conditioners, ventilation systems, television antennas, communication boxes and other equipment can be located on an inverted flat roof. If the roof is to be used as a platform for recreation or other active pastime, then it is necessary to mount a fence along its edges.

Also, when installing such a roof, you should immediately take care of a convenient rise upward with a railing. There are many designs for a used inverted roof with blueprints to guide you when building your home.

Installation instructions

Before the construction and arrangement of a flat roof, it is worth breaking down the plan of all work step by step.

It begins with the choice of the shape, type and materials for the overlap. It should be borne in mind that the load on such a structure is always more intense than on the tent options. Based on this, you need to make a drawing of the frame system with beams and ceilings. The sketch indicates the geometric shapes, sizes, colors, materials, necessary communications. It is best to immediately have a visual idea of what the future roof will look like for your home.

Today, people increasingly prefer flat-roofed houses for their country cottages, appreciating a number of obvious advantages associated with such a design. Among these, the main and most attractive advantage and the ability to actively exploit this roof. A small pool, a greenhouse or a small garden is placed on the surface, you can put external blocks of a split system, or just relax after a working day in a comfortable sun lounger. In this case, it all depends on the imagination of the owner of the house. In the article, we will consider in detail the projects of such houses, we will talk about their advantages and disadvantages.

Design features of a house with a flat roof

Flat roofing options take up a much smaller area when compared to various pitched roofs. In addition, the choice in favor of the flat version is advisable, due to significant savings. Moreover, the flat roof is made much faster, the construction time is significantly reduced.

Your roof will not be absolutely flat, since such a structure always has a small slope, which is three to five degrees, it is directed towards the middle of the house.

Due to the slope in rainy weather, water will flow into the drains, it is better to make them heated so that they do not freeze in winter. In addition to such a drain inside the house, as a rule, several external gutters are additionally built.

Opponents of flat roofs argue that due to the characteristic structure, the roof will be subject to heavy loads, for example, in winter when there is a lot of snow. However, there are much more advantages here, besides, if the house is warm enough, then in winter the snow will constantly melt, and the gutters will come into effect.

Important! Today, a large number of resistant, therefore reliable materials are produced, which provide not only architects but also builders with a wide range of possibilities.

Taking into account the structure of the roof and the individual characteristics of the house, roofing materials are chosen, they can be very different. For example, bitumen-polymer mixtures are often used, among them hundreds of different types.

Still very popular are elastic and rather lightweight EPDM membranes, as well as polymer TPO. Also today there is an opportunity to purchase a ready-made reliable system for arranging a building with a flat roof.

The choice of the right coating depends not only on the design features of the house, but also on its location.

Houses with flat roofs: design options (photo)

A flat roof is different, depending on how it will be used, and hence there are structures in two different directions: for further operation and without it.

Since both solutions have not only positive sides, but also negative points, it is important to carefully weigh all the arguments before ordering a flat roof house project.

In any case, you should not save on the roof when building a house, since this is not only the protection of the structure from all large and small natural disasters, but also an aesthetic component that is noticeable to prying eyes.

Operated flat roofs

Such roofs allow households to use the entire roof space above, but when constructing it, a number of important nuances must be taken into account. First, a rigid type base is prepared. It can be either a concrete screed, or a professional sheet patch.

If the roof is constantly used in the house, it must be adapted for comfortable movement of people on the roof covering. In addition, it must be borne in mind that due to the constant pressure that arises from people walking on the roof, the roof can leak over time. For this reason, you need to take care, as already mentioned above, about good protection from moisture and rain.

The most basic option for arranging a rooftop recreation area for the whole family is to lay out a regular lawn. For a cozy arrangement of a flat roof, some kind of combined coating is often also used. It can be a decking in a harmonious combination with a neat one. This option is more acceptable if the family plans to sometimes hold outdoor picnics on the roof under the stars.

You can put on the roof a lightweight type of garden furniture, which will be here permanently. In addition, it is good to build a special glass shade directly into the ceiling so that it illuminates the lower floor.

In order to protect against gusts of wind, as well as unwanted prying eyes, special wooden screens are installed right on the roof surface; they can also play an aesthetic role. Small ornamental plants in small tubs, which are removed from the roof in the winter season, will add even more coziness.

Very often a small pool is installed on the roof. If the weight allows, and the foundation and the very structure of the walls are quite strong, you can even build a mini-beach on the roof.

To make it easier for you to endure the heat, small awnings are installed near the pool, which will create a thick shadow. You can also place plants with large and spreading leaves nearby.

Non-operational flat roofs

If there is no desire to exploit the roof, then worries go away during the construction of a house for the construction of a base with increased rigidity, moreover, you do not need to carefully select the best and most reliable thermal insulation materials.

For periodic maintenance of such a roof, small bridges are arranged in several places. The cost of the structure will be much lower, but its service life is somewhat shorter.

Non-operational structures can be effectively used in solving various technical problems. This is, for example, the installation of a satellite dish, mini-observatory.

Many homeowners install solar panels on the roof, which is very advisable. The weight of such batteries is, in principle, small, so that with the correct location of the equipment, the roof will not suffer at all.

Important! Solar panels on the roof will not only help the family reduce their energy bills, but they will also add another element if, which is logical given the square shape of the house.

Experts also identify the so-called inversion option for building a house with a flat roof. Sometimes this modification makes it possible to create a certain style of the entire structure, taking into account the creative thought that the designer is trying to bring to life.

When creating such a roof, waterproofing is applied to the waterproofing carpet. This helps to protect not only from moisture, but also from the negative effects of a sharp temperature drop, from the hot sun, especially if the house is built in an open area and in the midday heat is actively "attacked" by direct sunlight.

On a note! Such a device will significantly increase the total operating time. On the equipped roof, you can put or mount a real greenhouse.

Beautiful designs of houses with flat roofs (photo)

A modern country house with a flat roof is a compact one-story or two-story cottage, as a rule, it has a lot of glass, and it has a geometric shape.

An experienced architect can create a non-standard and very beautiful, which will be built of metal, wood and concrete, created on the basis of emphatically strict rectangular or dynamic diamond-shaped shapes.

On a note! Very often houses with flat roofs are decorated with front chimneys, which are laid out with wild stone, this brings a peculiar zest to the structure and makes it cozy.

Now you can consider more original and beautiful options for houses with flat roofs. Recently, due to the fact that styles such as high-tech, pronounced and especially constructivism, which is generally unthinkable without a flat roof, have become very fashionable, such a laconic design is becoming more and more densely included in our everyday life.

Flat roof of a house in the style of constructivism

The idea to make full use of the unused roof space was proposed by Le Corbusier, who is considered the pioneer of functional architecture. People always wanted to put sun loungers, pools and gardens on roofs, but there were no such high-quality waterproofing materials as now, so flat roofs just leaked. Today this problem has been successfully resolved, therefore constructivism has revived from the ashes, and is so fashionable today.

The most top-end options are worth mentioning. For example, this is the decoration of facades in a house built in the style of classical constructivism, in black tones. At the moment, this is a real trend in the field of architecture, and it is becoming more and more popular.

Dark shades of the walls will give the building a stylish and trendy look. Today, in constructivism, metal parts of structures, glass, as well as unplastered concrete are adjacent to the cladding of facades made of exotic wood.

In the generally accepted architecture of constructivism, any complex curvilinear volumes and shapes are completely absent, there is only a straight line, as well as a circle. Completely devoid of the traditional basement, such houses "grow" directly from the ground. Combined with a flat roof, all of the above will look ultra-modern.

High-tech country houses with flat roofs

This style continues to be relevant, its fans prefer to fully adhere to the appropriate design, both when decorating premises, both inside and outside.

The characteristic features of a house with a flat roof in the hi-tech style are pronounced technogenicity, smoothness of all surfaces, specific textured finish.

This style is always focused on the emphasized demonstration of various techniques, for this reason, simulators, equipment installed on the roof can coexist with sun loungers and green spaces, and this will be harmonious and fit into the overall style.

A characteristic feature of the high-tech direction is a large amount of light. The roof can be fitted with small lanterns and several large main lights. It will look stylish around the perimeter of the house.

Private house with a flat roof in the style of minimalism

This is a style in which flat-roofed houses are one of the attributes of the entire trend. The functionality of minimalism is fully consistent with the geometric shape of the flat roof house.

Floral arrangements, as well as decorative cereals, which can be used to decorate the space on the roof, will soften the excessive severity of your home.

It should be mentioned that if the shape of your house is devoid of any protruding architectural excesses: for example, balconies, any, and especially ledges and bay windows, then you will get rid of many problems. Firstly, such a structure will be much cheaper than an ordinary house under the traditional for our regions, and secondly, it is easier to equip a simple type of roof.

House in the style of minimalism- does not pretend to be of particular beauty associated with the boldness of architectural forms, but the pragmatic goals of the household will be resolved very effectively.

In order for the restrained and laconic architecture to acquire a certain expressiveness, contrasting or bright colors can be used for facades, ultra-modern finishing materials, not only natural, but also synthetic, can be used.

Different color combinations of finishes, as well as original and non-standard combinations of various textures, will add color to your house, the facade can be plastered, it can be sheathed with plastic. The brick facade is ideal, reliable and very solid.

Houses with flat roofs, photos of which are full on the Internet, are becoming more and more popular. And this is not surprising. After all, what could be more pleasant than relaxing on the roof with a cup of fragrant tea, talking with friends, exuding the aroma of plants from a small greenhouse, starry sky and fresh air.

The flat-roofed geometric house is a classic example of the beauty of 21st century architecture, which reveals itself thanks to the severity of forms, framed by beautiful finishes and well-chosen accessories.

Not as popular as pitched ones.

Most often, their rarity is associated with the peculiarities of the climate in the middle lane: the accumulation of snow on the roof, the formation of puddles during rains.

But the simplicity of building such structures and ensuring the decorative effect of the building can serve as a good help when deciding on the choice of a roof structure.

Moreover, on such a roof, you can equip additional areas, which, especially in the summer, will be a good place for rest and pastime.

Like any constructive solution to building elements, straight structures can have positive aspects and disadvantages. In the presence of roof features, it is important to identify those sides that will affect the design decision of just such a roof.

The advantages of a flat roof are:

Primarily, such a roof effectively performs functions of protection of the building from external influences;
does not require much effort and cost(material, physical) for its construction;
long service life... The flat system does not require expensive maintenance with the correct installation of all the main and additional elements of the roof;
the ability to install additional amenities on the roof, up to the pool and area for the garden and sauna;
good thermal insulation performance.

The negative factors of home improvement with a flat roof include:

Accumulation of snow or rain puddles on the surface;
there is a risk of freezing or clogging of the internal drain;
mechanical cleaning of the outer layer is required from snow and leaves;
inability to use sheet or piece types;
there is no way to check the condition of the roofing cake (in particular, insulation) however, drainage and ventilation duct systems are much easier to inspect.

The lack of an attic floor in the presence of a flat roof structure can be an advantage or a disadvantage depending on preference.

South house with flat roof

Types of flat roofs

Despite the fact that the construction of a flat roof is quite simple and does not require special skills for its design, these roofs have varieties. They are classified depending on the additional purpose and technical features.

The varieties of flat systems include:

Operated... The main requirement for this option is the rigidity of the base, in which an important condition is to maintain the integrity of the waterproofing layer... The base can be made of concrete screed or. Requirements for provide the strength of the material and its resistance to static and dynamic loading. The most common exterior coating for flat construction is paving slabs., which is installed on additional stands or sand cushions;
unexploited... Considering that a roof of this type is designed to perform exclusively the functions of protecting the building from external factors, there are no special requirements for the rigidity of the insulating layer or the strength of the base. Arrangement of such a roof is much simpler than the operated structure.;
classic... When arranging the classic type, a vapor barrier layer is laid on the base in order to protect the insulation (mineral wool or foam) from moisture. Waterproofing is provided with bituminous materials;
inversion... The structure of the roofing provides for the location of the waterproofing layer at the bottom under the insulation, which prevents the accumulation of moisture in the insulation. At the same time, temperature drops that destroy the waterproofing are minimal under the insulation.

In order to make a project of a house with a flat roof, it is necessary to think over the coverage option in advance.

Photos of projects of modern one-story country houses with a flat roof below:

Frame house with an exploited roof

High-tech house

Two-storey unexploited house

Modular house with an unexploited roof

Inversion roof

Country house with inverted roof

Where to start designing

The purpose of designing any roof consists in the correct choice and calculation of the amount of required materials, as well as in a clear expression of what kind of load all the elements involved in the structure will bear.

A project is a plan. Each stage of work should be reflected in the project plan.

The most convenient way to carry out the project is in a special program., which will help not only to display the future structure, but also to help calculate the dimensions of materials, their load.

Design is done in steps:

Roof sketch in progress... At this stage, the color, the geometric shape of the future roof is approved, with indicators of the dimensions of the roof, the calculation of the load of materials is carried out, taking into account regional atmospheric influences. It should be remembered that snow loads on a flat roof are more significant than on pitched structures;
the calculation of the cross-section of the beams and the lengths of the boards of the rafter system is made... It is very important to correctly determine the pitch of the lathing, since it is the rafter structure that can withstand the entire load;
a schematic drawing of the roof is being carried out... At this stage, the location of all additional elements of the roofing structure is taken into account.

After completing the drawing of the roof, they begin to draw up an estimate- the cost of materials, structural elements and tools (if necessary), which are required for the full implementation of work on the arrangement of a flat roof.

You should not get carried away with the decorative features of these elements - the most important thing is to pay attention to their functional features.

Roof project

Two-story project

Lightweight flat roof

A lightweight flat system is installed in regions with a minimum amount of atmospheric precipitation.

The construction of a lightweight roof is very similar to the construction of a classic flat structure.

However, there is some features of its construction:

At the stage of mounting the support beams, it should be taken into account that they will hold the entire structure. They must be fastened with through anchors.... The section must be calculated taking into account the maximum snow load;
the lathing laid on the beams must be solid, no gaps, more than 2.5 cm thick;
waterproofing, laid on the crate, is laid with an overlap, which is hot sealed. The edges of the film must extend beyond the roof line;
a solid insulation is laid on the waterproofing layer without gaps... The joints are sealed with polyurethane foam;
Further lay OSB boards or waterproof plywood board.

This is how the pie of the lightweight system looks like. All layers are anchored and covered with an outer layer of waterproofing.

Lightweight roof

Operated flat roof

A flat roof that performs additional functions in addition to protecting the building from cold, wind, snow and rain.

The main advantage of such a roof is the possibility of arranging free space at your own discretion: install a recreation area, a terrace, a court, a bathhouse and even a pool.

Such roofs are ideal for both summer cottages and cottages.

In order for the necessary roof structures to be reliably equipped, you need to take care, first of all, about the strength of the base.

thermal insulation;

Flat operated roof

Flat roof terrace

Green roof

Conclusion

Thus, there are several options. When erecting a straight structure, special attention should be paid to providing ventilation and creating conditions in the structure to prevent moisture ingress.

The originality of a straight roof may lie in arranging additional areas for recreation on it, and this option should be considered even in the process of creating a project. If everything is calculated correctly and high-quality materials are used, such a design will be in no way inferior to the pitched options.

Useful video

In this video you will see one of the projects of a flat roof house:

In contact with

Flat roofs in our time are undeservedly forgotten and not spoiled by the attention of developers. In private housing construction, they are found mainly in the southern regions, where heavy rains and snowfalls are rare. In contrast, hipped roofs have become firmly established in the designs and minds of homeowners.

This state of affairs can be easily explained: until recently, the builders did not have reliable and durable waterproofing.

Standard roofing material - cardboard impregnated with bitumen, cannot resist moisture and temperature extremes for a long time. Even a thick 4-layer coating of it has to be changed after 6-8 years.

Today, interest in flat roofs is starting to grow.

There are several reasons for this:

Economic benefit. The cost of the arrangement is lower than that of the tent (simpler design and smaller area);
Additional usable area. There is a possibility of its rational use (flower garden, playground, recreation area, swimming pool);
Availability in service and operation (cleaning of gutters, installation of air conditioners, antennas, inspection of the coating, ventilation and smoke channels);
The snow layer acts as additional thermal insulation, reducing heating costs.
The original exterior of the building.

Types of flat roofs

Strictly speaking, you will not see an absolutely flat roof on a building. Any of them has a minimum slope of 1 to 4%, necessary for the flow of atmospheric precipitation.

There are four types of flat roofs:

unexploited;
operated;
green (lawn);
combined.

Unexploited roofs are found on industrial buildings.

The exploited roofs have found application in public and private construction. They are used to equip recreation areas, place cafes and restaurants, and use them for parking lots and helipads.

Green (lawn) coatings are made to decorate buildings, as well as when there is a lack of space on the site. In addition to the aesthetic function, they perform an important practical task. The turf layer is an excellent heat and sound insulator.

Combined flat roofs are the most common option. Everybody loves a comfortable outdoor recreation surrounded by green grass and flowering plants.

By the way of drainage, houses with a flat roof are divided into two types:

With internal drain;
With external water discharge (along the perimeter of the roof).

An internal drainage system is cheaper than an external one, since it does not require a large number of gutters, pipes, funnels and high-altitude work to install them. It is more difficult to perform. Errors when creating a slope, poor-quality sealing of joints lead to leaks and a violation of the integrity of the protective layer of waterproofing.

In operation, flat coatings with internal drainage are more profitable. In winter, icicles do not grow on the overhangs near such a roof. The downpipes run inside the building and therefore do not freeze. It is easier and easier to clean debris from funnels than hanging gutters.

Features of the device

According to the method of arrangement and the location of structural layers, experts distinguish two types of flat roofs:

Classic;
Inversion.

The classic roofing "pie" is equipped with the following technology:

on reinforced concrete floor slabs, a slope is made from a cement-sand mortar;
lay a vapor barrier and insulation;
laying a waterproofing membrane or roofing felt carpet;
if the coating will be used, then the waterproofing is protected with ceramic tiles.

Constructive of a classic flat roof

The main disadvantage of the traditional design is the vulnerability of the outer insulating layer from solar ultraviolet radiation and temperature extremes.

Working to solve this problem, engineers came up with the idea of inversion coverage. In it, the main structural elements (insulation and waterproof membrane) are interchanged. The waterproofing is hidden under the foam, which is protected from external influences by a gravel ballast or tile finish.

Inversion cover design

The technology of work is changing accordingly. A waterproof carpet made of roofing material or EPDM membrane is glued to the slab or spread on it, fixing it at the points of abutment to the parapet.

In this case, the slope is created in one of two ways:

Mortar screed on the slab;
Insulation, changing the thickness of its styling.

Installation of thermal insulation on a flat roof

Inlet funnels and pipes are installed at the lowest points of the slope. In addition to them, ventilation is installed to remove water vapor that accumulates in the contact zone of the vapor barrier with the insulation.

When arranging a coating designed for planting plants, the construct is supplemented with a top layer of waterproofing. Drainage layers of gravel are poured over it, geotextiles are laid and a fertile layer of earth is poured.

In addition to roofing, laid on reinforced concrete slabs, projects for houses with a flat roof on wooden beams have been developed.

Construction technology in this case may include the following operations:

Beams are mounted on the walls with a pitch of 50-100 cm, fixing them to the masonry with anchor pins. The cross-section of the beams depends on the span width, the design load and can range from 10x20 cm to 15x25 cm;
OSB slabs are laid along the beams, tightly joining them together;
Spread the waterproofing membrane in 2 layers, gluing the joints of the canvases with high quality.
They make thermal insulation from durable (extruded) foam, gluing it to the membrane. The slope for water drainage is created by laying the insulation in layers of different thicknesses;
From above, the heat insulator is protected with a cement screed, reinforced with mesh or tiled.

Examples of private houses

Among the developers there are many supporters of flat roofs. They are attracted by the simplicity of construction, low cost of work and the possibility of placing a site for summer recreation.

A thick layer of snow on a flat roof is not a problem, but additional insulation

The design of buildings with such a roof fits perfectly into the style of minimalism, providing project developers with a wide field for creativity.

Spacious, comfortable and nothing more is the motto of everyone who chooses a house with such a roof. A pitched roof visually makes the building heavier, while a flat roof, on the contrary, makes it light and airy.

The appearance of the facade of a one-story house with a flat roof compares favorably with the rather boring variations of the "terem" character.

On it, most often you will not see gutters and pipes, water from which gets on the walls and spoils the appearance of the finish. Internal drainage is efficient, practical and invisible.