How to install hinges on a wooden door. Proper installation of mortise and overhead hinges on interior doors

Door hinges are a simple mechanism that provides opening / closing of the door leaf, its tight fit to the door frame. To install the hinges in the interior door yourself, you need to pay attention to their design, as there are a number of mechanisms that require the work of only a specialist.

The service life of the door directly depends on the quality of the installation of the hinges.

The quality of the installation of this product depends on how long the interior door will serve you.. The color range is not so wide, imitations of various metals are mainly used: gold, nickel, bronze or copper. Products can be glossy and matte.

External overhead mechanisms are attractive and simple in execution, they are most often used to decorate doors in the old style. the product consists of 2 parts, the plates are connected by a hinge pin. 1 plate is attached to the wall, and the 2nd - to the door leaf.

The easiest to install are external overhead loops.

Installation is extremely simple:

1. It is necessary to attach the hinges to the door leaf, the minimum distance from the bottom and top of the leaf is 15-20 cm. If the door is heavy, then it is best to use 3-4 hinges that will withstand the load perfectly.
2. After that, you need to perform the most similar markings on the wall, marking the places for self-tapping screws.
3. Holes for fasteners are drilled, after which it is necessary to fix the 1st part to the wall, the 2nd to the door leaf. No complicated steps are required.

The tools you need are the simplest

• ruler;
• simple pencil;
• drill;
• screwdriver

Internal mortise and screw

Overhead internal hinges are also called card hinges, they consist of 2 parts that are screwed to the door leaf and the door frame. How to embed loops of this type correctly? First you need to mark up, select the wood along the contour strictly to the depth that is equal to the thickness of one card. It is taken into account during the markup and how the cards will be attached to each other.

The construction is as follows:

1. The rotary axis is the central element that provides the movement of the mechanism.
2. 2 cards, i.e. swivel plates that are mounted to the leaf and to the door frame.
3. Decorative cap and hinge.
4. Self-tapping screws for mounting plates.

To embed the hinges into the interior door, while maintaining its most attractive appearance, you will have to work hard. You can install special screw-in products, they are no worse than other analogues. Outwardly, they are a compact cylinder. The design of the mechanism is extremely simple. It includes 2 parts in the form of cylinders for the door leaf and frame. The plates themselves are perfectly mounted, there is nothing complicated in the work. But it is important to choose the right mechanism depending on the weight and type of door. Products are made of plastic, aluminum, steel. They also differ in the number of pins: usually there are 2, but maybe 3-4 if the canvas is heavy.

Installation is as follows:

1. It is necessary to mark the hinges on the surface of the canvas and the box.
2. After that, drill holes with a drill, install the hinges in the intended places.
3. The tightness of the adjacency of the door, the operability of the mechanism are checked.

How to install a hidden mechanism?

In some cases, door fasteners do not fit into the overall interior and appearance of the door leaf at all, therefore, special hidden-type mechanisms are used. How to embed loops of this kind? The design of the hinges differs from the rest, after closing they are completely invisible from the outside, as they are mounted directly into the end of the web. The design is complex, there are 3 rotary axes:

• rotary central axis;
• a rotary fixed axis, which is not visible on the surface even when open;
• moving axles are used to open or close doors.

The benefits are as follows:

1. They are suitable for any interior door, often ready-made canvases and door frames are sold that have embedded hinges.
2. The appearance of the hinges in the open state allows you to see the structure only upon close examination (you need to come close to the door leaf), in the closed state the mechanism is invisible.

But there are also disadvantages:

• Do-it-yourself installation is problematic;
• the cost is high.

Installation of butterfly door hinges

Overhead door hinges (butterfly) are simple in execution and have an attractive appearance.

Hinges on the interior door can be mounted in different ways. It all depends on the design of the hinges, the door itself, the possibilities of installation on the door frame. There are fasteners that require cutting into the canvas, and this is already more difficult. You will have to choose a piece of wood, and do it clearly along the contour of the loop. There is a kind of hidden mechanisms that only the master can correctly install, without the necessary experience, the door can only be spoiled.

Special "butterfly" mechanisms are produced. This is an overhead type of loop, one plate resembles a butterfly wing in shape and appearance. This type of mechanisms is also called card.

The 1st plate looks like a butterfly wing, it is inserted into the cavity of the 2nd plate, i.e., the card.

Outwardly, after installation, the mechanisms look neat and attractive, no special experience is required, the work itself is carried out quickly. In this case, it is not necessary to embed the loops, they are simply superimposed and screwed to the surface.

The installation process of the mechanism is as follows:

Scheme of mounting door hinges "butterfly".

1. First you need to mark the surface of the door leaf, retreating 20 cm from the bottom and top. After that, a map in the form of a wing is applied to the end of the door, a contour is drawn with a pencil, holes are marked where the fasteners will be located.
2. The card is firmly screwed to the surface with self-tapping screws, you can pre-drill holes for mounting.
3. Next, you need to install the 2nd part on the door frame. To do this, it is enough to apply the markup, taking into account the position of the already finished parts, so that after installation the door leaf does not warp. The second part is attached with screws.
4. When the individual parts are fixed on the surface, the interior door must literally be put on the hinges of the door frame.

Usually "butterflies" do not require adjustment, they are simple and easy to perform. They also have features. For example, after cutting, the outer plate does not fit snugly against the end of the door. This problem can be easily solved by placing a thin strip of cardboard under the card so that it is at a slight angle.

Overhead "butterflies" are great for light doors, but for heavy ones, which weigh 40-50 kg, they are no longer suitable. For ordinary veneered and laminated doors, this option is optimal. "Butterflies" are inexpensive, easy to install and look great.

To work, you will need the following tools and materials:

• “butterflies” (usually only 2 pieces are required);
• self-tapping screws (may come with mechanisms);
• screwdriver or screwdriver, drill;
• ruler;
• simple pencil.

To embed hinges, you must first select the type of mechanism, and then determine how suitable it is for a particular door leaf. The installation itself is usually simple, although there are a number of loops that only specialists can install. Most often, simple overhead mechanisms are used for home interior doors, where you only need to screw 2 parts, mount them together. Installation does not take much time, it is enough to spend no more than an hour for all the work.

Photo 4 Design features: left and right hinges.

In the event that hidden door fittings are installed, it is worth being especially accurate, errors can cause the canvas to warp or malfunction.



Photo 5 Marking for loops is easy to do by attaching the fittings to the canvas and trace the contours with a pencil.

When the door structure is completed, and all the necessary markings have been applied, the time is right for mounting the hinges. The fittings must be attached to the places marked for fasteners, so you can visually assess the correctness of the actions - how symmetrical their location is.

Rules for the selection and installation of fittings for wooden doors

Before purchasing hinged fittings, you need to decide on the type of accessories you need. Removable hinges are distinguished by the option of opening the door unit, they distinguish between right and left. To correctly determine the required type of hinges, you need to stand in front of the doorway and indicate which side the door handle will be on, if on the right - left hinges are needed, on the left - right ones.



Photo 6 Marking the “pillar” door frame for hinges.

If the material of the door leaf is wood, then it is necessary to “drown” the hinges in the leaf. This process is done with a sharp knife. To do this, you need to attach the loops to the intended attachment point and make cuts along the contour, going deep into the thickness of the loop. For convenience, cuts are made both vertically and horizontally of the door leaf. If you perform only a one-sided cut, this may lead to delamination of other parts of the wooden surface.



Photo 7 Cutting can be done with a chisel or router.

For the convenience of performing this kind of work with door fittings, you can use special templates for inserting hinges. Due to such blanks, the installation process is significantly accelerated, and the risk of defects is minimized. At its core, the blank fully corresponds to the shape of the part to be installed in the door leaf or frame part, i.e. the deepening of the desired diameter is done without much difficulty, observing all the given contours.

Methods for mounting hinges on interior doors

To install door hardware, you need to prepare the following tools:

1. Screwdriver or screwdriver.
2. Self-tapping screws.
3. Pencil.
4. A set of wedges are needed to align structural elements.
5. Building level.
6. Drill with thin drills.
7. Hammer and chisel.

[Photo 8 Correct installation of the hinges involves their exact location in the recess made, excluding gaps with the canvas.]

After preparing all the necessary tools, you can get to work. We carry out the installation of door hinges:

1. The markup is done first. To do this, it is necessary to indent from the upper and lower edges of the canvas by 20 - 25 cm.
2. We circle the door hinges along the contour with a pencil.
3. Next, you need to use a chisel and a hammer to knock out the recesses along the intended contour. It is worth paying special attention to the thickness of the recess, if you make it too deep, the door will rest against the box. The depth of the pocket should match the thickness of the canopy.
1. It is necessary to fix the door in the hatch with wooden wedges. It is necessary to align the canvas using the building level in the position in which it will be in the installed form. The correct process involves leveling both horizontally and vertically. If the first condition is not met, the door will be difficult to close, the second will lead to independent opening.
2. After the door structure is leveled, it is necessary to mark the points of contact between the door canopies and the frame.
3. The subsequent actions are similar to the door leaf: a hole for the door hinges is made with a chisel.

It is very important to know when applying fittings to the inside of the door, it is worth considering the location of the hinges, which should be facing the front side of the door, i.e. in the direction where the door will open in the future.

Using fasteners when installing hinges

The final stage is fixing the parts with self-tapping screws that come with the hinged structures. Before you start screwing, you must use a drill. In the designated places, grooves are drilled. Such actions must be performed to prevent splitting of the tree, at the time of screwing in the screws. After the work is done, you can begin to fix the loops with self-tapping screws.



Photo 9 Scheme of the structure of the loop and its fasteners.

If you plan to insert hidden loops, then a more complicated installation process is ahead than when choosing other types. Here you will need to make pockets a little deeper for planting loops. For a more precise contour, it is advisable to use a milling machine.

In the same order, the marking of the canvas is performed. Next, you should use the help of a professional, since exceeding the necessary force to press the milling machine contributes to a greater deepening than required, as a result of which the door leaf will be damaged.

When fixing the loops with screws, it is necessary that they fit exactly into the hole made, at an angle of 90 °. Initially, marks are made with a pencil, then the top of the wood is pierced with an awl, then the beginning of the funnel is drilled, and the fasteners are screwed in last. So much action is necessary so that the canvas is not covered with cracks during screwing.

Screwed hinges can be easily distinguished by one appearance. Instead of standard inserts, they have taper pins with internal threads. This option is often used for installation on interior doors. One of the advantages of this type of fittings is the admissibility of adjustment with a hexagon. For an aesthetic appearance, the pins are masked with special caps.

It doesn't matter which hinges were chosen, the main thing is their correct installation. Inserting door hinges is not an easy task, but it is possible to do this process yourself by following the indicated recommendations for marking and subsequent installation of any types of door hinges.

Typically, door structures are purchased with hinges built into them. However, there are often collapsible options that require self-assembly. How to install the hinges correctly so that later you don’t have to see the skew of the entire structure? Studying the sequence of installation of these elements will greatly help in solving the problem.

The list of necessary devices for work:

1. Loops.
2. Chisel and hammer.
3. Screws and screwdriver.
4. Pencil.
5. Wooden wedges.
6. Level.

Basics of making door hinges

Any canvas has door hinges. Their quality affects the process of opening and closing the sash. These small parts carry a huge load. Their correct installation will determine the further operation of the door.

The basis for the manufacture of such structures are materials such as steel and brass. The first version of the raw material is distinguished by the nobility of the coating, but some softness of the base is inherent in it. Over time, such substances easily lose their shape. Brass door hinges are suitable for installing interior structures.

Steel options are distinguished by an incredibly strong coating; details of this plan are characterized by the highest quality and reliability.

Such elements can be seen on the input structures. Intermediate samples of door hinges can be considered door hinges made of zinc alloys. They are much stronger than brass elements and can withstand considerable weight.

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Various hinge options

The considered samples differ in materials of manufacture and design capabilities:

1. Screw-in have the form of two wings, which are fixed to the box and the door.
2. Mortise allow to prevent the penetration of unauthorized persons into the room. Such samples are not cut. They are characterized by a long period of operation, equipped with a bearing mechanism.
3. Overhead.

In order to correctly install door hinges, it is necessary to clearly determine their number. The dominant value in this matter belongs to the weight of the structure.

So, if earlier 2 elements were used when installing doors, now 3 hinges are installed to increase the reliability of fastening. Massive canvas samples suggest the use of four or more components.

To understand how to install door hinges, you need to understand some important points. So, the standard design involves the use of two such elements. 3 hinges are installed on heavy metal and wooden forms. Before starting work, the canvas is laid on the edge: in this way, installation can be significantly simplified. And it is known that the inconvenience in the work may not be the best way to affect its quality.

Not the last place in the process of installing loops is occupied by tools. On the eve of the work, the chisels should be well sharpened, and they should be of different sizes. They can carefully cut the grooves for the hinges.

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Insert hinges, the main stages of installation

You can install door hinges by strictly adhering to certain rules.

So, focusing on the door leaf, it is worth noting that these small elements should be located at a distance of 20 or 25 cm from the borders of the leaf. Particular attention should be paid to its surface: the presence of knots, cracks and breakaway elements is not allowed. A screw screwed into such a base will finally destroy the box and lead to its distortion. It will be impossible to qualitatively insert door hinges into the deformed coating. The presence of such places on the surface makes it possible to fix them in a slightly shifted plane, for which the standard distance is slightly moved up or down.

In order for the interior door to be installed securely, it is necessary to mount the hinges in accordance with the rules. Many professionals use elevated or deep seating in sockets.

For the correct installation of the loops, it is necessary to make a recess in the canvas equal to the thickness of the element itself.

Traditionally, tie-in loops begin with markings. As mentioned above, the distance from the top and bottom of the structure corresponds to 20 cm. You should also set arrows that will determine the direction of the loops. In this way, confusion in the work can be avoided.

The loop is applied to the marked points, aligned along the edge, its outlines are outlined with a pencil. Accurate marking of the contour will allow you to deeply fix this part in the hole.

You can avoid slipping of the hinges by attaching them for a while to the door leaf with the help of two self-tapping screws.

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Selection for installed hinges

The use of a milling cutter, a conventional chisel and a hammer will help to carry out this stage. With the help of a wallpaper knife, the borders are cut. Next, a recess of the specified dimensions is made with a chisel, usually it corresponds to 2-3 mm. A sample is made along the marked contours to a similar depth.

Using a sharp knife involves cutting the wood along the grain. The transverse position involves the capture of a thin layer of veneer. There is a small scratch on the base. The sharp edge of the chisel is inserted into it and a blow is made to the handle.

In the process of cutting grooves, door hinges are applied to the finished place. The points for drilling are marked with an awl. For this, drills with a diameter of 3 mm are taken. So you can achieve the preservation of the integrity of the paintings. Then the loops in the finished hole are fastened with self-tapping screws. Their hats should protrude somewhat above the surface.

As soon as the hinges are in place, the door is leaned against the base of the box. The outlines of the hinges are dragged onto the door leaf. Then the complex of works is repeated. As soon as the hinge installation system is mastered, you can safely proceed with the installation of closers.

If you decide to install interior doors with your own hands, it is worth noting that the easiest way is when the insertion of door locks and hinges is not done by hand, but on the basis of the manufacturer. As a rule, such accessories are carefully selected from the manufacturer, reliable and have excellent performance characteristics. Read more about choosing door locks. When buying doors with installed fittings, however, you may encounter some difficulties in choosing. The most common - the color or design does not fit. For example, you want a gold-colored lock and the manufacturer says chrome. Or you need Italian AGB magnetic locks, with silent closing like Morelli, with a plastic tongue, but they offer steel. Regarding the hinges, you can get by with little bloodshed - buy door hinges overhead without a tie-in. A universal hinge without a tie-in does not look so aesthetically pleasing, but still.

There is always a way out - just buy what you need, embed locks / hinges with your own hands and install. It is not worth saving on fittings, since a failed mechanism can significantly complicate the further operation of interior doors. Exactly the same lock or door hinges may no longer be released, and the analogue, as a rule, will not "sit" in an already formed groove. We recommend embedding and installing silent or magnetic locks AGB, Morelli (Italy). For more than 10 years now, the installation dimensions of these products are the same and you can easily replace them if necessary, although they simply do not break.

So locks, universal or hidden hinges are selected, bought and brought, you need a do-it-yourself tie-in. For example, for unfamiliar fittings, we first draw a diagram of the upcoming tie-in in the actual size of the AvtoCAD program for automated installation, but you can also markup according to the manufacturer's instructions, especially if the tie-in of the lock and hinges is done by hand. Marking is a crucial stage, it is necessary to pay special attention to it. “Measure seven times, cut once” - it works! Otherwise, the product is damaged, the supplier will not exchange it for you, and this is a considerable financial loss. The markup directly depends on the type of lock, its features. It is important to dance from the hole under the handle. If this is not taken into account, then the door handles can turn out at different distances from the bottom of the door leaf, and if the doors are installed in close proximity to each other, it will come out - oops or oops! In calculations and marking, use a square, tape measure, pencil, awl or construction knife.

Do-it-yourself tie-in door hinge locks - ways

1. Using a drill and chisels - the old-fashioned method

The most common, what is called the "household" option.

Marking and tie-in of the interior lock

We take a tape measure and measure from the bottom of the canvas, along the end where the 95 cm lock will cut (this is our standard, 100 cm is also possible), we apply a square, draw a transverse line and transfer the markings on the plane of the canvas, for marking under the door handle. Marking is done with a sharpened pencil or awl.

We take the lock and measure with a square the distance from the front bar to the middle of the square hole of the handle and apply the result obtained on the plane of the canvas on both sides. We apply the lock to the end of the canvas, so that the line drawn in advance under the handle turns out to be in the center of the hole of the square and mark the upper and lower edges of the lock. This size will be drilled. Next, mark the center of the canvas with a square and draw the center line of the tie-in.

After marking for the lock and along the drawn center line, reamings are made with a pen on the end of the web (usually 14-16 mm, depending on the thickness of the lock), as often as possible from each other. In order not to drill too much, a notch is made on the pen drill to the depth of the castle using an iso or masking tape.

The trick is not to hook the adjacent hole with a pen, since a drill rotating at high speed can sharply jam, get stuck and damage the door. Then the groove is formed with the help of several flat chisels, first choosing the excess wood along the canvas, and only then cleaning the side planes so as not to split the canvas. Then holes are drilled for the handle, and, if necessary, for the cylinder (key) or wrap. It is important to drill holes on both sides of the canvas, and not through! A lock is inserted into the formed groove, aligned with the drilled hole for the handle, its invoice, decorative strip is outlined with a sharply sharpened pencil and the final selection is made with a chisel.

Everything, the tie-in of the lock is made by hand!

Inset of the reciprocal part of the lock

The counterpart or "response" crashes after installing the door block. The markup is very simple. We close the door and mark the lower and upper edges of the latch through the feigned gap. We draw transverse lines on the box. Next, use a square to measure the distance to the edge of the tongue on the door and transfer it to the box. This will be the limiter for the upcoming drilling and installation of the answer.

We drill two holes with a pen, and select the central part with a chisel. We attach the reciprocal plate of the lock, drill holes for the screws and fasten it. We try - everything works. The answer should be deepened only if its thickness exceeds 1 mm. This is done with a chisel, having previously stroked the screwed mate.

Marking and inserting door hinges

The trick is that the marking and insertion of the hinges should begin with the door leaf. And so we have a door of 2000 mm, and a hinge of 200 mm, we measure 20 and 160 cm from the top of the canvas at the end, draw transverse lines, apply the loop parallel to the end of the canvas below the line and make edge marks with a sharpened pencil.

It is more correct to mark exactly the loop that will later be installed in this particular groove, since the factory stamping may differ. We take it with our own hands, and with the help of a chisel, but as shown in the video, we cut the lower and upper hinges into the door.

Another feature is the depth of the cut. It happens that the gap between the parallel folded parts of the hinge is less than 2 mm, and the requirements for the hinge gap of the door block are just 2 mm. In this case, the loop must be deepened a little less. There is a gap of more than 2 mm, then the loop still cuts flush with the end plane! Thus, you will have to put up with the loop gap of the assembled block, but take this moment into account when calculating, marking and sawing the upper element of the box, since 6 mm, 4 mm from the front part and 2 mm from the loop are standardly released on it, respectively.

The next stage, inserting loops into the box element of the block. So the loops are embedded and installed in the canvas, we apply the box and mark the edges of the loops. We apply the loop to the marks parallel to the door frame and circle with a pencil.

There is one correct nuance. It should be taken into account in advance that the thickness of the door leaf and the width of a quarter of the box from the seal to the edge can be different, but we really need a good vestibule, that is, a tight (but not too much!) Adhesion of the seal to the canvas in the closed state of the installed door! To do this, before inserting the loops, we measure these values.

Let's say a canvas is 40 mm and a quarter is 42 mm, what to do? Everything is very simple, you need to cut the loop into the box 2 mm deeper to the seal than into the canvas. But this is initially incorrect, since in this case, a deeply planted loop will expose part of the tie-in, and when opening / closing the door, it will begin to wipe against the box or casing, making an unpleasant creak. Therefore, it is more correct not to drown the loops in the box, but to push them out on the canvas and by the same 2 mm.

Flaws

• there is a high risk of damage to the coating of the door leaf as a result of a slip of the pen drill or chisel, especially if the tool is not sharpened to the level of a razor before starting work! Sharpen cutting tools, use new drills,
• there is a great risk of simply splitting the canvas with inept actions or, say, over pricking, which then will significantly affect the strength and durability of door blocks and structures,
• you may not like the aesthetics of the tie-in, especially if there is no experience in "woodcarving",
• it will be long, but "long" is not at all something that should frighten a novice master who is eager to cut locks and hinges with his own hands,
• the list can be continued, but the insertion of the lock into the interior door with your own hands has already been completed, and this is the main thing!

Advantages

• in skillful, diligent and diligent hands, there may not be all the shortcomings, do not be afraid,
• the cheapness of the tool used, especially if you practice "household". Do not buy frankly cheap chisels and drill bits!

2. Inserting hinges and locks in the door with a manual milling cutter.

The technology depends on the type of equipment used. There is a technology of template milling, when all manipulations are performed according to a pre-prepared template or using a "ruler", using cutters of different diameters and lengths. There is, of course, professional equipment, where everything is thought out and adapted for the work. In any case, the basic principle is rotating at a speed close to 25 thousand rpm. a cutter with the help of which the correct insertion of hinges, locks into the interior door takes place with your own hands. For example, in our work we use more than three types of routers manufactured by Makita and Virutex, various templates and a Spanish holder template, helical and spiral cutters of different diameters from "CMT" Germany.

The marking for insertion with a milling cutter does not differ from household one, and the milling itself has a number of chips, which will be discussed below.

As for the door lock, do-it-yourself insertion using a milling cutter is carried out according to the standard line that comes with the equipment, cutters of different diameters. In general, nothing complicated, the main thing is that the course of the collet with the cutter provides it with the necessary immersion depth, to the height of the castle, respectively. In the video, the tie-in of the lock with your own hands using a router is made with an offset to the left edge. This is another subtlety of installing AGB silent locks and more. The reciprocal part of the lock with a tongue has a rounding and should be installed along the edge of the box, so in order for the rebate to become beautiful, you need to take this into account when inserting, shifting the lock along the canvas if necessary.

Do-it-yourself insertion of loops with a milling cutter has a number of features. On the door leaf, everything is similar to a lock, we select the plane, depth and parallel edge along the ruler, then we form the end edge with a 30-40 mm chisel.

Chip - in order for the end edge to turn out beautiful and accurate, the chisel at the moment of hitting with a hammer must be held perpendicular to the plane, chipping and cleaning the wood in several stages, a little bit at a time, this is important.

It is more difficult to embed the hinges with your own hands into the door frame, since, unlike the leaf, which has one pressing plane, the box consists of two planes. In fact, you will have to mill the lower plane and press the equipment platform to the upper one. The task is not an easy one, and therefore, our routers have special modifications of the platform. Of course, there are all sorts of fixtures, carriages, templates and even a special loop router made by Virutex. We didn’t use carriages, you’ll get tired of making templates for each loop, but the looped Virutex is a thing, but it’s expensive, and we don’t need it. How do you cut the loops into the box with a simple milling cutter, but with your own hands - I don’t know, I’ve reached a dead end, ideas will appear, I’ll supplement the article.

Flaws

• high cost of equipment
• all sorts of nuances associated with inept use.

Advantages

• accurate, high-quality, neat insertion of locks and hinges into interior doors made by hand!

Every man should know how to install door hinges. The hinge is one of the key elements of the entire door structure; it not only holds the leaf in the frame, but also ensures its movement. Therefore, how well the door will function depends on the correct installation. With incorrect installation, squeaks, rubbing and jamming can occur, so knowing how to properly install the hinges on the door is very important.

Properly executed installation of door hinges ensures the correct functioning of the door

Types of loops

First you need to familiarize yourself with the varieties of these parts, this will help not only determine which hinges are best placed on interior and exterior doors, but also understand the specifics of the design, which is very important to consider during installation.

In total, there are 5 most popular models of door hinges:

1. Straight - standard samples with plates on the sides (card loops). The most common option for interior doors.
2. Angular - differ from straight lines only in the shape of the plates, they are made in the form of corners. Used for pendulum models.
3. Screw-in - swivel axle with pins instead of plates. Only suitable for light doors.
4. Hidden - the hinge is recessed into the door structure. Such hinges are mainly installed on expensive models of entrance doors.
5. Italian - differ in the design of the hinge, similar to furniture options. Used in expensive imported models.

The main types of door hinges

According to the method of installation should be distinguished:

• Overhead - mounted on top of the door structure without prior preparation.
• Mortise - are installed in pre-prepared recesses, forming a flat surface with the door.
• Screw-in - screwed into the door using pins, the presence of which is provided for by the design of the part.

Hinge mounting methods

Depending on the direction in which the door will open and the mounting sides, there are:

• left-sided,
• right hand,
• universal.

Universal ones are convenient in that they can be mounted on either side, but this complicates the process of installing and dismantling the web itself.

Each of the described types has its own nuances during installation. The simplest are card models. The most difficult thing is to install hidden loops.

markup

The first thing that begins with the installation of loops with your own hands is the markup. To do this, you need to step back 20 cm from the bottom and top of the door leaf and mark the initial lines with a pencil. Next, depending on the direction of opening the door, attach the hinges to the marks made, circle the outline and mark the points at the attachment points. At the same time, to ensure the free movement of fittings, the rods should not touch the door leaf, but you should not push them too much either, this will worsen the fastening strength. You should also carefully examine the tie-in points for knots, screwing self-tapping screws into them can lead to skew or split the door leaf, so the hinges must be moved 2-3 cm down or up from the problem area.

After that, it is necessary to assemble the door block and make markings on the box in the same way, while maintaining a gap of 2-3 mm between the box and the door leaf. It is most convenient to do this when the door has not yet been installed, otherwise the canvas is fixed in the opening with wedges.

Marking the door block for the installation of hinges

Depending on the size and weight of the door leaf, a third hinge may be required. In this case, the insert is not made in the middle, but with a slight offset to the upper hinge, in order to regulate the load exerted on the fittings under the influence of the weight of the door leaf. As a rule, for doors up to 80 cm wide, up to 2 m high and up to 50 mm thick, two hinges are sufficient.

Installation of simple card loops

Installing card door hinges with your own hands is mainly done in two ways. To begin with, consider the simplest one using overhead parts. To do this, you need a drill and self-tapping screws, as well as hinges with a special structure, their peculiarity is that the halves have a different shape, and when the door is closed, they enter into each other, which is why they can be installed directly on the surface of the door. Mark the holes with a pencil and drill them. If the door leaf is made of wood, MDF or plastic, you can immediately screw in the screws, without pre-drilling.

The sequence of installation of overhead loops

Traditionally, straight card loops used in the house are installed a little differently. So that they do not stop the mechanism when closing, they need to be drowned a little. Inserting card hinges into interior doors with your own hands is easiest to do with the help of a chisel; for this, a layer of material is cut off on the door and loot to the depth of the part. Then the halves of the loops are applied to the installation site and secured with self-tapping screws.

The sequence of installation of mortise card loops

Installation of corner card models