Premenopausal syndrome symptoms and treatment. Menopausal syndrome: how it manifests itself, diagnosis, treatment

Content

Menopause, in particular menopause, is not a sudden event in a woman's life. The body begins to prepare for the onset of the extinction of the reproductive function in a few years. If you notice the symptoms and signs that have appeared in time, you can adjust your lifestyle to avoid various complications.

Premenopause as a phase of menopause

Menopause is understood as a series of changes that lead to a reduction and cessation of the production of sex hormones by the ovaries. Thus, in the premenopausal period, the nature of the menstrual function changes, which is completely absent in menopause.

Premenopausal changes are a natural stage in a woman's life. The symptoms and signs of premenopause are not a pathology that should be treated. Usually pre-menopausal symptoms and signs have minor signs and symptoms. However, sometimes in women with a history of various diseases, premenopause and menopause are complicated by severe symptoms.

Climax involves several stages that differ in duration. As part of these stages, changes occur that lead to a gradual extinction of the hormonal function of the ovaries.

The following phases of menopause are distinguished.

Premenopause. Gynecologists conditionally designate the beginning of the premenopausal period at 45 years. It is impossible to accurately determine the occurrence of premenopause due to the lack of symptoms and signs. On average, the premenopausal period begins a few years before the cessation of menstruation.
Menopause. The phase includes the last menstruation and continues throughout the next year. You can determine menopause only after a year, provided there is no menstruation. Some gynecologists insist that the duration of menopause should be extended to two years after the last period.
Postmenopause. The stage lasts from the end of menopause, and continues until 65-69 years. Then the woman gets old.

There is also a phase of perimenopause. As part of this stage, gynecologists combine the premenopausal and menopausal periods.

Duration

It is believed that the duration of the premenopausal period is from three to five years. In premenopause, there is a sharp decrease in the production of sex hormones, which negatively affects the woman's body. This is due to the fact that sex hormones, in particular estrogen, regulate many important processes in the female body:

stability of the menstrual cycle;
metabolism;
libido;
skin condition;
moisturizing the vaginal mucosa with cervical mucus;
emotional stability;
absorption of calcium and phosphorus;
synthesis of collagen fibers;
processes in the brain, the functioning of the cardiovascular system;
activity of the gastrointestinal tract, the musculoskeletal system in the urogenital tract.

The period during which premenopausal changes are observed is important for a woman. During the pre-menopause, the body adapts to functioning in conditions of deficiency, and then the absence of estrogens. This period does not always go smoothly. Its signs and symptoms depend, to a greater extent, on the lifestyle of a woman and the presence of various diseases in her.

Possibility of pregnancy

The occurrence of pregnancy in the premenopausal period is possible. This is due to the fact that spontaneous ovulation is possible in premenopause. Menstrual function begins to change. In particular, cycles may become longer or shorter in duration. The amount of bloody discharge varies from scanty to copious.

Most cycles are characterized by persistent anovulation against the background of hormonal changes. Nevertheless, pregnancy, although unlikely, is possible. That is why in the premenopausal period there is a need for contraception in order to prevent unwanted pregnancy.

Main signs of change

Women who are in premenopause do not always notice the occurrence of characteristic signs and symptoms. Physically healthy women easily tolerate premenopausal changes that do not impair their quality of life.

Nevertheless, the organs and systems of the body begin to respond to the lack of sex hormones, which can be expressed in the appearance of various signs and symptoms, as well as disorders.

ovaries

In fact, it is precisely because of the decrease in the synthesis of sex hormones that premenopausal changes occur. In the premenopausal period, estrogen production is reduced, which causes numerous symptoms.

Estrogens are synthesized by the follicular apparatus, which belongs to the ovaries. A newborn girl contains up to three million eggs. Before the onset of the first menstruation, their number is approximately 400,000. In turn, in the premenopausal period, the number of eggs is reduced to 10,000. Moreover, a small percentage of eggs are lost during ovulation. Most of the eggs disappear due to atresia.

At the beginning of the cycle, under the influence of the FSH hormone, the growth of the follicle containing the egg is observed. In the premenopausal stage, there is a violation of sensitivity to FSH, which causes a decrease in estrogen synthesis. To maintain the necessary balance, the concentration of FSH increases. However, this process is not able to lead to an increase in estrogen production. The number of eggs is rapidly decreasing. Thus, after the cessation of menstruation, the last single follicles disappear.

Uterus

The uterus is one of the most important organs of the female reproductive system. The uterus is mainly needed for carrying and giving birth to a child. When a woman enters the premenopausal period, the function of childbearing is gradually lost. Characteristic changes are observed closer to menopause. The thickness of the functional layer, which is responsible for the amount of menstrual flow, implantation of the fetal egg gradually decreases.

Nevertheless, it is necessary to take into account the extreme sensitivity of the inner layer of the uterus to estrogens. When hormonal fluctuations occur, hyperplastic processes of the endometrium are often observed. In gynecological practice, there are cases of the development of polyposis and uterine fibroids in the premenopausal period. Polyps of the uterus may tend to become malignant.

That is why a woman in the premenopausal phase should regularly visit a doctor and perform an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs. If necessary, medical or surgical treatment is indicated.

Vagina

In the premenopausal phase, atrophy of the vaginal mucosa is observed, implying thinning. In addition, the lack of estrogen has a negative effect on the production of cervical mucus, which moisturizes the vagina.

Thus, the protective mechanisms are violated, which leads to dryness, the development of bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis. Since the mucosa cannot perform a protective function to the necessary extent, an infection often accompanies.

Mammary gland

The mammary glands are also sensitive to estrogen levels. Often in premenopause, mastopathy develops or progresses. Many breast tumors are hormone-dependent. This explains why the number of oncological diseases in women increases in the pre-menopausal period. In women, breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in terms of prevalence.

Bone

Estrogens are directly involved in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. As a result, there is a rapid loss of bone mass. The danger of pathology is that the development of osteoporosis is asymptomatic, up to the first fractures. The most dangerous complication of osteoporosis is a hip fracture, which leads to disability.

In menopause, a woman loses up to 3% of bone mass per year.

Heart and pressure

In premenopause, the load on the vessels and the heart increases. This is partly due to increased cholesterol levels, which affect blood pressure.

In premenopause, tissue resistance to insulin develops. This contributes to the formation of blood clots in the vascular region and increases the risk of strokes, heart attacks. Women note intolerance to physical activity and pressure surges. There are symptoms of pain in the projection of the heart.

Leather

The condition of the skin, nails and hair also changes. Women in the premenopausal phase note the appearance of dryness, thinning of the skin and hair. Such changes lead to the formation of deep wrinkles and ptosis.

Thyroid

The activity of the thyroid gland is directly related to the level of hormones. In the premenopausal period, hypothyroidism is sometimes noted, which implies a lack of thyroid hormones. This condition causes the occurrence of various signs and symptoms that indicate disorders in the thyroid gland (fatigue, weight gain, mental decline).

Nervous system

Estrogen deficiency affects the nervous system, causing an unstable emotional background, stress, anxiety. Often in the premenopausal phase, sleep disorders, dizziness, headaches and migraines are noted.

Genitourinary disorders

Women may experience various disorders associated with atrophy of the mucous membranes, prolapse of organs. In particular, urinary disorders occur:

frequent urination;
burning and pain;
urinary incontinence.

Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract

The gastrointestinal tract responds to changes in sex hormone levels, which causes signs and symptoms of stool disorders. Women may experience such unpleasant symptoms as diarrhea, constipation, pain in the projection of the intestine. As a prevention of unpleasant signs from the digestive organs, doctors recommend sticking to a diet and excluding fatty, fried, salty foods and confectionery.

The first symptoms and premenopausal syndrome

It is known that the first symptoms, signs of menopause occur in the premenopausal period. As a rule, their intensity is not expressed. This is due to the preservation of the synthesis of sex hormones, albeit in smaller quantities.

In the presence of concomitant pathologies, a premenopausal syndrome may occur. This condition implies a number of symptoms and signs indicating significant violations of various organs and systems. Premenopausal syndrome significantly worsens the quality of life of a woman and requires medical correction.

Harbingers

As a rule, we are talking about a minor ailment, which is not always noted by a woman. The earliest symptoms of premenopausal changes include the appearance of dryness in the vagina, pressure surges. Women also notice changes that affect the emotional background. Changeability of mood, tearfulness, irritability appears. Sleep disorders are often noted.

Menstrual irregularity

Gynecologists note that the very first signs and symptoms of premenopause relate to changes in menstrual function. Normally, menstruation in women is characterized by regularity. The menstrual cycle is biphasic and ovulates.

allowed per year 1-2 anovulatory cycles.

Premenopausal changes affect the nature of menstruation. A woman notes a lengthening or shortening of the cycle. The abundance of secretions during critical days can also vary. Over time, there is a tendency to stop menstruation.

tides

This is one of the very first signs and symptoms indicating the premenopausal stage. Hot flashes occur as a result of numerous changes that occur in a woman's body in response to a deficiency of sex hormones. Hot flashes are accompanied by a feeling of heat or chills, tachycardia, redness of the skin. After an attack, symptoms of fatigue occur.

Hot flashes can be either mild or severe. In severe cases, there is a threat of the development of various pathologies. The woman is on medication.

Symptom relief and prevention

You can determine the premenopausal stage using a test. All women who have entered the premenopausal period should be attentive to their health and regularly visit a therapist, gynecologist. It is mandatory to perform ultrasound of the pelvic organs and mammary glands, mammography.

It is necessary to remember about the increased risk of bowel cancer, diseases of the cardiovascular system. It is advisable to conduct surveys in this area.

Determine the presence of a woman in the premenopausal period possible with the help of hormonal diagnostics. There is an increase in FSH levels at low concentrations of estrogens.

Medications

As a rule, the premenopausal stage does not require drug therapy. However, in minor cases, the occurrence of pronounced signs and symptoms is noted, indicating various disorders in the functioning of organs and systems.

A woman goes to a doctor who prescribes an examination for her:

examination by a therapist, mammologist, gynecologist, cardiologist, endocrinologist and other specialists;
performing clinical analyzes of urine and blood;
mammography;
smears for infection;
cytological examination;
DERA.

The scope of research methods depends on the signs and symptoms.

Changes related to the premenopausal phase cannot be called a disease. Doctors use various methods to alleviate the condition of a woman. If indicated, drug therapy is carried out.

Hormone therapy with small doses of progesterone and estrogens is used:

plasters;
ointments, gels, creams;
tablets.

Topical agents are less likely to cause side effects. Tablets are often contraindicated in various somatic diseases.

Indications for hormone therapy:

hot flashes;
instability of the emotional background;
urinary incontinence;
dryness in the vagina;
prevention of osteoporosis.

HRT is prescribed for several years.

Contraindications to hormone therapy include:

hormone-dependent cancer;
bleeding;
hyperplasia;
thrombosis;
hypertension;
acute heart disease;
individual intolerance.

Hormones are used with caution in the following cases:

myoma;
endometriosis;
migraine;
stones in the gallbladder;
epilepsy.

Gynecologists emphasize that the premenopausal stage is the best time for hormone therapy.

When treating with hormones, there is a risk of:

stones in the gallbladder;
excessive blood clotting.

The use of hormones is possible both as part of monotherapy and combined treatment. It has been established that in women using combined hormone therapy, the risk of strokes, heart attacks, malignant tumors of the breast and endometrium increases.

Relief of symptoms of anxiety and depressive conditions is essential. In some cases, the appointment of sedatives and antidepressants is indicated.

To prevent osteoporosis, drugs are also prescribed in the form of tablets and nasal spray. The drugs strengthen bones, prevent fractures and reduce joint pain.

Homeopathy, vitamins and folk remedies

Often, instead of HRT, doctors prescribe phytoestrogens, which are effective and have a lower risk of developing side symptoms and signs. As part of complex therapy, vitamin preparations and medicinal herbs can also be used. Phytoestrogens have a positive effect on:

cardiovascular system, preventing the occurrence of atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart attack and stroke;
the functioning of the central nervous system, improving sleep, increasing efficiency;
appearance, preventing skin aging, improving the condition of hair and nails;
absorption of calcium, preventing the development of osteoporosis.

Gynecologists prescribe the following phytoestrogens:

Klimadinon;
Remens;
Lady Formula.

Among the medicinal herbs are widely used:

boron uterus;
yarrow;
red brush;
sage.

Mode of work and rest

Women in the premenopausal period should remember that their lifestyle needs to be adjusted. It is necessary to rationally approach the observance of the daily regimen, alternate load and rest.

Prolonged mental and physical stress leads not only to fatigue and fatigue, but also provokes stress. While working, take breaks whenever possible, breathe fresh air, or do light exercise. Healthy snacks are essential.

Sleep should not be neglected. Overexcitation leads to headaches and insomnia.

Physical activity

The benefits of moderate physical activity are clear. Physical education is the prevention of many diseases and improves mood. It is advisable to choose your sport, which would correspond to the physical form and individual characteristics of a woman. It must be remembered that in the presence of benign tumors of the uterus, exercises for tensioning the press are contraindicated.

Nutrition

The diet significantly affects the well-being of a woman, her emotional background. Pre-menopausal women are prohibited from debilitating diets and overeating. It is necessary to eat fractionally, in small portions.

Preference should be given to fruits and vegetables. Fatty meats should be replaced with lean meats such as beef. It is useful to eat sea fish and dairy products. It is advisable to refuse fatty, fried foods, confectionery, carbonated drinks and smoked meats.

Proper nutrition prevents unpleasant symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract, which often develop in premenopause.

Healthy lifestyle

First of all, a healthy lifestyle involves the rejection of bad habits. It is known that smoking and alcohol consumption lead to early onset of menopause. In women who smoke, menopause occurs three years earlier. In addition, bad habits worsen the course of the premenopausal phase, which contributes to the occurrence of pathological symptoms.

A healthy lifestyle also includes adherence to the regimen, proper nutrition, adequate physical activity. These factors are especially important in adapting the body to a reduction in hormone levels.

emotional stability

The instability of the emotional background is often observed in the premenopausal phase of menopause. Symptoms from the emotional background are associated with physiological changes, on the one hand, and the awareness of aging, on the other.

Usually women become restless, irritable. Their mood is characterized by lability, a depressed state prevails. The instability of the emotional background affects the performance and quality of sleep.

intimate life

An unstable emotional background, unpleasant signs of the premenopausal stage, a decrease in the production of sex hormones leads to a decrease in libido. In addition, atrophy of the vaginal mucosa causes dryness and other symptoms, such as burning and itching. These factors do not contribute to a quality sexual life.

Experts emphasize that a full sexual life is necessary to maintain the production of sex hormones, prevent congestion and stabilize the emotional background. In order to eliminate dryness and unpleasant symptoms, you can use various moisturizers after the recommendation of a gynecologist.

With the extinction of the reproductive system of a woman, various changes occur in the body. This period is called the climax. But it does not come immediately, but only after a while. The period is divided into 3 stages, the initial of which is premenopause. It is necessary to know the main signs of the premenopausal period in order to alleviate the condition.

The onset of menopause depends on many factors.

Menopause occurs due to a decrease in the production of sex hormones and the cessation of ovulation. As a result, the menstrual cycle changes, its abundance gradually decreases. In the absence of menstruation, the reproductive function of a woman ends.

Climax is divided into 3 stages:

Premenopause. It starts with menstruation and continues until it stops completely. At the initial stage, the presence of various symptoms that may interfere with the woman is allowed. Most often, the period begins at 45 - 47 years.
Menopause. Complete cessation of menstrual flow due to the extinction of the reproductive system. The phase appears over 50 years of age.
Postmenopause. The period continues until the end of the patient's life. All signs that a woman had during 2 phases decrease or disappear completely. But if the negative effects have managed to harm the body, they will manifest themselves until the end of life.

The premenopausal period occurs with a decrease in the production of sex hormones.

This applies more to estrogen, because it is responsible for many important processes in the female body. Namely:

stability of the menstrual cycle;
metabolic control;

During this period, estrogen production drops.

the formation of a woman's figure;
attraction to a partner;
maintaining the mucous membranes of the genital organs in a normal state;
stability of the emotional state;
normal absorption of trace elements (calcium);
youth of the body;
normalization of memory and concentration.

Premenopause is of particular importance in the life of every woman, because it is the initial period before the onset of menopause itself. The stage lasts about 4 years, but this period is individual for everyone. With the onset of premenopause, you need to pay special attention to your body.

What are the first symptoms of change

The onset of menopause can be identified by the appearance of the following symptoms:

hot flashes;
change in the menstrual cycle;
increased sensitivity of the breast;
hormonal changes;
nervousness;
problems with concentration;
lack of sexual desire;
a feeling of discomfort in the vaginal area, because due to a decrease in natural lubrication, the mucous membrane becomes dry;
insomnia;
increased anxiety;
exacerbation of premenstrual syndrome;
pain in the head, resembling a migraine.

Many people complain about memory problems

How does the menstrual cycle change?

During premenopause, menstruation can change in duration, for example, if a woman used to have them regularly, then in the premenopausal period there is a possibility of a delay. The abundance of secretions also changes. Menstruation becomes scanty, and then may return to its normal state.

Menstruation should not be delayed for a long period. In addition, the discharge cannot be plentiful (change of hygiene products every 1 to 2 hours) and last longer than 7 days. In this case, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist, because the symptoms are a sign of various diseases:

myoma;
polyps;
tumor;
disrupted endocrine system.

We should not forget that in the premenopausal period, although menstruation is disturbed, ovulation is possible. Therefore, the possibility of conception is not excluded.

But it will not be easy to bear a child due to a decrease in the level of progesterone, which is the main hormone that ensures the normal course of pregnancy. Since the hormonal background is unstable, there is a risk of egg attachment outside the uterus.

There may be problems with blood clotting

What are the signs of changes in the work of internal organs

At the first stage of menopause, the work of many organs changes. Symptoms of premenopause are presented in the table.

Organ	Description
Vagina	The premenopausal state of a woman is characterized by thinning of the mucous membrane and a high probability of dryness. This can be manifested by discomfort and pain during intercourse. To improve sex, special lubricants are used, which are sold in the pharmacy chain. If a woman is worried about discomfort when emptying her bladder, it is necessary to visit a doctor, because this is a sign of various diseases.
Mammary gland	The premenopausal state is characterized by changes in the chest and because of this, pain may occur. The health of the mammary glands must be monitored more carefully, because there is a high risk of malignant and benign tumors.
Heart and blood vessels	Preclimax is characterized by the following features: change in blood pressure indicators; frequent beating of the heart muscle; spasms in the heart; dyspnea.
Stomach	A woman may experience symptoms such as burning and pain in the stomach area.
Thyroid	The work of such an organ as the thyroid gland depends on the level of sex hormones. Deficiency can lead to weight gain.

How to relieve the condition with the help of drugs

It is forbidden to choose your own medicines to alleviate the condition, as you can aggravate the situation. It is recommended to consult a gynecologist. First, the specialist conducts an examination and asks various questions that relate to complaints. The patient is then sent for examination. For this, the following procedures are used:

blood and urine analysis;
consultation of doctors of other specializations (therapist, mammologist);
ultrasound diagnostics;

An ultrasound is prescribed to determine the condition of a woman.

After receiving the results of the examination, the doctor writes a prescription for the necessary drug.

For the treatment of premenopause, a specialist may prescribe hormonal drugs to a woman. Indications for use:

hot flashes;
unstable emotional state;
incontinence;
dryness of the mucous membrane of the genital organs;
for the prevention of osteoporosis.

Hormone therapy has contraindications:

malignant tumor;
high risk of thrombosis;
high blood pressure;
acute heart disease;
allergic reaction.

In addition, hormone preparations must be used with caution in myoma, migraine, epilepsy, gallstones. Since these medicines have a large number of contraindications and side effects, they are often replaced with phytoestrogens.

Taking herbal medicines stabilizes blood pressure

Phytopreparations help to normalize the work of many internal organs, namely:

reduce the risk of developing hypertension;
stabilize the nervous system, reduce nervousness and irritability;
allow the body to better absorb calcium;
normalize the condition of the skin.

The most popular drugs from the group of phytoestrogens are Cyclim, Estrovel, Klimadinon. Medicines will only be effective if the symptoms are severe, when the symptoms prevent the woman from performing her natural functions. If the symptoms of premenopause are mild, there is no need to take medication, it is enough to change your diet and eliminate bad habits.

How to change your lifestyle and diet

To reduce the symptoms of premenopause, it is recommended to follow the rules of a healthy diet. It is necessary to reduce the consumption of sugar, fatty varieties of meat products. In addition, it is better to exclude fried, salty, smoked, harmful. The diet should consist of a large number of vegetables and fruits, low-fat products.

With the abuse of alcohol and smoking, there is a high probability of developing oncology, thyroid diseases, and other disorders.

What is the prevention of premenopause

Prevention of premenopause has a particular advantage. In a woman's body, menopause is just beginning, so you can influence its dynamics by following various rules. Premenopausal syndrome requires preparation for it. Yes, the manifestation to some extent depends on heredity, but the patient's lifestyle also affects the symptoms. This is why pre-climax preparation is so important.

At this time it is very important to rest more

Preventive actions:

Completely rest. This point is one of the most important in prevention. With lack of sleep or insufficient rest, a woman will be depressed and nervous. All this negatively affects health.
Do physical exercises. In the absence of sports in the body, muscle tone decreases, and there is a possibility of developing diseases. Therefore, it is better to devote time to physical activity. The event not only helps to maintain the body in a normal state, but also reduces the likelihood of cardiovascular disease.
Reduce stress. A woman needs to control her emotions, as the work of the nervous system is disrupted from overexertion. If it is impossible to eliminate stress, it is necessary to relate to life situations in a different way.
Have sex. Sexual intercourse affects the production of hormones. In addition, the process helps to improve blood circulation in the pelvic organs and eliminate congestion.
Visit a gynecologist annually. It is necessary to undergo a complete examination once a year to exclude various diseases.

Menopause is a natural process for the body, which should not be feared. It is divided into 3 phases. The initial stage is premenopause. To alleviate the condition, you need to know the symptoms and methods of treatment. If the symptoms are not strong, it is recommended to change the diet and exclude smoking, alcohol. But when the onset of menopause manifests itself strongly and interferes with a woman, you can resort to taking medications.

In this video you will find menopause symptoms that you should pay attention to:

It is forbidden to prescribe medications on your own without consulting a doctor, as this will harm the body even more. The specialist will conduct the necessary examination and, based on its results, write a prescription for the necessary drug.

Minasyan Margarita

Any age-related changes in the body cause excitement and alertness. With regard to menopause, this statement is all the more true, because, unfortunately, not the most pleasant manifestations accompany its arrival. Many of the fair sex, who have already gone through this path, talk about how difficult it was for them. Therefore, associations with the onset of menopause are often more than negative. Like any action conceived by nature, it does not begin suddenly. The main signs of the premenopausal period begin long before the full onset of menopause, if you properly prepare for them, you can significantly reduce the risks of adverse manifestations and maintain a high quality of life.

Features of the course of premenopause

The essence of menopause is to reduce the production of female sex hormones by the ovaries, the cessation of ovulation processes, which leads to the gradual disappearance of menstruation, and, consequently, the completion of reproductive function.
Menostasis itself is natural, but under the influence of certain factors, its symptoms can become excessively pronounced, significantly clouding life.
Climax does not come in one day, its onset can be divided into 3 stages:

Premenopause begins a few years before the complete cessation of monthly bleeding. This is the initial stage in which negative manifestations may already begin to make themselves felt. It is conditionally possible to call the age of 45-47 years the most characteristic for the onset of this phenomenon.
Menopause is characterized by the complete cessation of menstruation and the completion of reproductive function. Its onset is natural at the age of 50-52 years.
Postmenopause is a time that lasts until the end of life. As a rule, all the symptoms characteristic of the first two stages recede, but if the negative phenomena have managed to cause significant harm to health, then the consequences remain with the woman until the end of her life.

Premenopause begins at the moment when the production of female sex hormones gradually decreases, this is especially true for estrogens, since they are responsible for regulating many important physiological processes in the female body. In particular, they are responsible for:

stable menstrual cycle;
metabolism;
the formation of a figure according to the female type;
sexual desire;
maintaining timely renewal and moisture levels of the mucous membranes;
emotional stability;
for the complete absorption of calcium;
preservation of youth, since estrogens are involved in the synthesis of collagen fibers;
stimulating metabolic processes in the brain, maintaining memory, the ability to concentrate and perceive new information.

The premenopausal period is very important, it gives a kind of respite, time to prepare for the coming global changes. Its duration is on average determined by 4 years, but individual deviations from this indicator are possible. One thing remains unchanged: at this time you need to pay maximum attention to your well-being and not let the situation take its course.

The main signs of premenopausal changes

It should be noted that not every woman acutely feels the approach of menopause. Each organism is individual, and its reactions to any internal fluctuations are also different. To find out if the symptoms relate to the beginning of the menopause period, you can go through.

However, in medical practice, the following symptoms have been identified that distinguish the premenopausal period

One of the most significant external manifestations is a change in the nature of menstruation. If before they were regular, now characteristic failures in cyclicity can be observed. The essence can also change, they can become more scarce, then again take on a familiar character. Premenopause is characterized by the persistence of bleeding, but there is a tendency to stop them.
One of the most pronounced and most dangerous manifestations that this syndrome is marked with are malfunctions of the heart and blood vessels. This should include the appearance of hot flashes, attacks of palpitations, the development of coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, the diagnosis of frequent attacks of high blood pressure. Often, even with the slightest exertion and emotional stress, shortness of breath occurs. It is when all these signs of trouble are just emerging that timely treatment should be started and the achieved result should be maintained.
Also, sometimes there is excessive sensitivity of the mammary glands, if such a disease already exists. It should be borne in mind that many tumor diseases in this area are often hormone-dependent. Therefore, with the onset of menostasis, the number of oncological diseases increases sharply. And breast cancer is the leader among all types of oncology.
Fatigue, difficulty concentrating, memory loss may occur.
Against the background of a changing hormonal background, difficulties may arise in. A decrease in the concentration of estrogen can significantly reduce libido, provoke discomfort during intimate relationships. Find out which woman apply.
This syndrome does not bypass the emotional state. Sometimes even the most balanced women begin to notice heightened emotionality, unjustified outbursts of anger, loss of interest in previously beloved activities and things. This is easily explained by the fact that hormonal changes are invariably associated with the work of the central nervous system.
The premenopausal period may be accompanied by the appearance of sleep disorders. Appear, sleep becomes superficial, sometimes there are sweating, anxiety. These phenomena appear sporadically, but may already be the first "bells" of the impending deterioration of the situation.
Under the influence of hormonal changes, the manifestation of PMS can worsen, especially this problem will worsen in those women who regularly suffer from this disease.
In the premenopausal period, episodes often intensify.

Prevention of premenopause

May play a predominant role even before treatment. After all, the symptoms of trouble are not yet so pronounced, so there is time to influence their dynamics in more loyal and safe ways.

The syndrome of premenopause requires responsible preparation for it. Yes, there are hereditary factors that are very difficult to influence. If in the family all the representatives of the weaker sex had a hard time enduring the onset of menopause, then there is a certain risk of repeating this path. However, you should not write off everything on a fatal combination of circumstances. The development of pathological menopause is influenced by the lifestyle that accompanied a woman throughout her life until entering premenopause. Therefore, it is necessary to begin preparations for the onset of this stage by making adjustments in this direction. Ideally, of course, a healthy lifestyle should remain a faithful companion from childhood, but, as a rule, while a person is healthy, he wastes his health reserves aimlessly, and then tries to reverse the changes that have taken place. However, it is never too late to change circumstances in the direction of positive dynamics.

Complete rest

One of the most important factors for the successful development of the scenario is the observance of a balanced regime of work and rest. There is a clear relationship between cause and effect here. As an example: systematic lack of sleep causes a feeling of depression, provokes bouts of irritability, as a result of which pressure jumps, there is concern for one's health, suspiciousness. And this whole chain of negative dynamics is complicated by hormonal "swings" that begin at this time. Therefore, for the normal functioning of all body systems, it is very important to have a good rest.

Mobility

The importance of physical activity should not be underestimated. Over the years, metabolic processes slow down, stagnant processes form in the body, muscle tone decreases, significantly affecting the shape of the body and an attractive appearance of the body. To counteract these unpleasant manifestations, you should include physical activity in your life. This will not only help prolong vigor and external beauty, but will also serve as a prevention of cardiovascular diseases and weight gain.

Proper nutrition

A balanced diet can also be a great help at the stage when it begins to show itself. Regular consumption of plant foods, lean meats, sea fish, dairy products - this is the basis of a healthy diet. To improve well-being, it is worth reducing the consumption of sugar, salt, fatty and fried foods, and “bad” carbohydrates.

It would be justified to take additional sources of vitamins and microelements in order to maintain the activity and resistance of the body to various negative factors.

Rejection of bad habits

It is very important to eliminate bad habits, if any. Nicotine and alcohol addiction are detrimental to any period of life, but during premenopause they can become provocateurs of heart disease, oncology, thyroid disease and other dangerous ailments.

calmness

Psycho-emotional state control is also an equally important factor. After all, the premenopausal period is characterized by a large number of vasovegetative symptoms, the formation of which is inextricably linked with the activity of the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, emotional well-being helps support the work of the central nervous system and slows down the development of adverse trends. To achieve a positive attitude, you should protect yourself from stress, emotional and physical overwork as much as possible, if this is not possible, then try to change your attitude to ongoing events and, possibly, resort to medical support for the work of the nervous system.

sexual activity

The presence of a full sexual life in premenopause has a positive effect on the general condition. Sexual energy has a positive effect on the production of hormones, the number of which has tended to decrease. In addition, blood circulation in the pelvic organs improves, stagnant processes are eliminated, and emotional manifestations are stabilized.

Therapy of premenopausal disorders

If the combination of preventive methods taken in premenopause does not bring a stable result, and pathological symptoms tend to progress, treatment should be supplemented with special drugs.

The first step towards developing the right treatment tactics is to contact a specialist. Ideally, it is he who should control the passage of the entire period of menopause.

Based on the collected history, the doctor will prescribe the necessary diagnostics, including:

direct examination by a therapist, gynecologist, mammologist;
passing urine and blood tests to assess the general condition of the patient;
blood sampling for analysis of hormone levels in order to determine the extent of the ongoing changes and select reasonable treatment;
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs and mammary glands;
mammography;
taking smears for infections;
conducting a cytological examination of the cervix;

Additional diagnostics is carried out on the basis of specific complaints of the patient. If there are any, the patient is referred to a specialized specialist and undergoes an appropriate diagnosis.

After collecting all the necessary information, a treatment tactic is prescribed, taking into account all contraindications and course features that distinguish the premenopausal period.

In premenopause, the most important direction of therapy is the stabilization of the hormonal background. The most significant effect on the condition of a woman is precisely the decrease in the amount of estrogen. Therefore, effective treatment should be based on compensating for the decrease in the production of these hormones.

Phytoestrogens

In order to prevent a sharp decrease in estrogen levels, they turn to pharmaceuticals containing phytoestrogens.

Phytoestrogens are non-steroidal hormone-like substances, similar in structure to one of the subspecies of natural estrogens - estradiol.

Taking plant estrogens has a positive effect on:

Activity of the cardiovascular system. Phytohormones strengthen the walls of blood vessels, increase their elasticity, provide adequate nutrition for the myocardium, prevent the development of atherosclerosis, thereby helping to avoid the development of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and also prevent heart attacks and strokes;
The work of the central nervous system. Estrogens enhance the adaptive ability of the central nervous system to various stressful situations, mental and emotional stress. In addition, they help regulate the interaction of the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system, allowing you to streamline the change in the processes of activity and rest. Due to this, sleep is normalized, working capacity is increased, which is replaced by the natural onset of fatigue after the completion of labor-intensive processes, overexcitation is prevented, which does not allow a person to relax and fully rest;
external attractiveness. The action of natural estrogens is aimed not only at eliminating internal ailments, but also at maintaining the natural beauty of a woman. A decrease in the production of natural hormones leads to the launch of the aging process: the condition of the skin, hair, nails deteriorates sharply, the figure is restructured according to the male type, and excess weight appears. The intake of phytoestrogens helps to resist the occurrence of these manifestations and push them to a later date.
absorption of calcium by the body. Phytoestrogens, together with vitamin D, help to fully assimilate this trace element from food and vitamin-mineral complexes, resisting the development of osteoporosis, a disease characteristic of this time, which manifests itself in increased bone fragility.

As a source of phytoestrogens, vitamin and mineral preparations supplemented with these plant substances are most often used. Examples of such complexes are:

Qi-Klim;
Klimadinon;
Estrovel;
menopace;
Remens;
Mense.

HRT

Hormone replacement therapy can be justified only if the syndrome develops too rapidly, and hormonal disruptions adversely affect the woman's health. In this case, delay can be dangerous, but becomes ineffective.

It is important to remember that HRT is an extreme measure, the use of which should be limited in time, and treatment should take place under the strict supervision of a specialist. Unfortunately, long-term treatment with hormonal drugs causes an increased risk of oncological diseases, for example, various types of cancer of the female genital organs and mammary glands.

Preclimax is an important preparatory stage for the restructuring of the female body. And although this phenomenon is exciting and, moreover, it is often accompanied by negative symptoms, it is important to consider it not only from a negative angle, but also from the side of opportunities that open up. As a rule, by this time, children no longer require as much attention as before, a woman has time to take care of herself and arrange her own leisure, her sexuality reaches its peak, and there is no need to worry about an unwanted pregnancy. Menopause is not the end of life, but a phenomenon provided for by nature itself, the course of which largely depends on the correct attitude and preventive measures taken.

As women age, hormonal changes occur naturally. But many women are afraid of menopause, because there is an opinion that menopause is always malaise, hot flashes, loss of emotions from intimate relationships. Is it so? Or is the menopausal period just the next stage in a woman's life and development? What is the menopausal condition of a woman, when does it occur and how does it manifest itself, what treatment is indicated during menopause, read below.

What is menopause in women

Menopause is the natural state of a woman when she reaches a certain age. Every woman has a certain formed stock of eggs in the ovaries. The ovaries produce the female hormones estrogen and progesterone, which regulate female reproductive function, and as a result, ovulation and menstruation occur cyclically every month. When the supply of eggs is used up, menstruation stops, hormone production decreases significantly and menopause begins.

Symptoms

A woman should know information about how the menopause manifests itself, what hot flashes are. It is important to be able to get rid of hot flashes quickly so as not to feel discomfort in public, in the office, etc. As a rule, they manifest themselves in a sensation of unexpected heat, which lasts for several minutes and is replaced by a feeling of cold, perspiration appears on the woman's body - this is a reaction of the nervous system to a decrease in hormone production. Washing with cold water helps to relieve an attack of heat, if this does not help, you need to choose a medicine with the help of a doctor.

Other possible signs of the onset of menopause:

irregular menstruation;
uterine bleeding;
sudden mood changes;
heartbeat quickens;
pressure surges;
nausea;
headache;
pain in the joints and muscles;
dryness of the vagina;
decrease in sexual desire;
fast fatiguability;
sleep disorder;
neurosis;
depression may develop.

When it comes

At what age and how does menopause begin? After 40 years, women experience premenopause: rare or frequent menstruation is observed, dysfunctional bleeding is possible, the development of menopausal cardiopathy, spotting spotting is possible between menstruation. It is important to know why this period is dangerous: changes in the body can be symptoms of gynecological diseases, such as uterine fibroids. A menopause test will help confirm the onset of premenopause. A stable basal temperature also indicates the onset of a menopause period.

Nevertheless, there is no definite answer to the question of how old a woman begins menopause, because the onset of menopause is influenced by genetic factors, working conditions, climate, lifestyle, and the presence of bad habits. But in most women, menopausal changes begin after 45 years, if after 50 years it is a late menopause. Today, many specialists in gynecology are inclined to believe that late menopause should be called its onset after 55 years.

A common occurrence these days is an early menopause. The causes of early menopause, which can begin at the age of 30, are heredity, immunity disorders, or the results of medical intervention. Premature menopause in exceptional cases can occur even at 25 years of age as a result of damage to the ovaries after chemotherapy or surgical removal of the ovaries for medical reasons. But such a menopause is pathological and necessarily requires treatment in order to even out the hormonal failure of the female body at a young age.

How long is menopause

In menopause, the phases of premenopause, menopause and postmenopause are distinguished. How long does hormonal changes in the body take?

Premenopause lasts 2-10 years, until menstruation stops.
Menopause occurs 1 year after the cessation of menstruation.
The postmenopausal period begins at the onset of menopause and lasts 6-8 years, during which time the symptoms of menopause - for example, hot flashes - may persist, but are easier.

Treatment for menopausal syndrome

To alleviate the manifestations of the menopause, you need to know what to take when a headache pesters, how to relieve hot flashes or other unpleasant symptoms, and stop uterine bleeding. One of the commonly used drugs in the treatment of menopausal syndrome is homeopathic tablets "Remens". A woman, after consulting a doctor, will be able to choose which means it is better for her to use.

homeopathic medicines

Homeopathy for menopause offers remedies in the form of tablets or drops. In the menopause, a whole range of health problems are manifested, which are based on vegetovascular symptoms - hot flashes, excessive sweating, palpitations, and psycho-emotional - irritability, insomnia, increased fatigue. It is possible to solve a complex of problems with menopause due to the natural components in the composition of the drug Klimaktoplan. The action of the drug is aimed at eliminating two main problems: manifestations of autonomic dysfunction and neuro-emotional discomfort. The drug is of European quality, does not contain hormones, is available without a prescription, is well tolerated, and is produced in Germany.

Folk remedies

Traditional medicine recipes are often shared by women based on their experience. To maintain physical tone and good mood, water procedures are good - soothing herbal baths (Potentilla root, lovage). For the prevention of general health, teas and decoctions from medicinal plants are used: chamomile, mint, pine forest, nettle, hawthorn. For optimal well-being during this transitional period, you need to plan your daily routine, eat right, and fully relax.

Hormonal drugs

Hormone therapy is used only after a medical examination of a woman and as prescribed by a doctor, since it has a number of contraindications. But if complications such as obesity, osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases occur during the menopause, additional hormone intake is necessary. Doses of hormones contained in the preparations "Klimonorm", "Femoston", "Kliogest" replace the missing production of the body's own hormones.

Phytopreparations

With menopause, plant-based medicines are also used, for example, Inoklim, Klimadinon, Feminal, and in addition, vitamin-mineral complexes can be used alone or as part of hormone therapy. The composition includes phytoestrogens - substances similar in structure and function to female sex hormones, but phytohormones have a much less pronounced effect on the female body. Vitamins and trace elements have a strengthening function and help to remove the negative manifestations of age-related metabolic disorders.

vitamins

A woman is always pleased to know that she is taken care of. It's even nicer to feel it. In the field of women's well-being, Lady's Formula Menopause Enhanced Formula has proven itself ideally. A well-known complex of traditional vitamins, the most important minerals and extracts of rare medicinal plants effectively helps women cope with the problems that arise during menopause. Thanks to a comprehensive approach to the elimination of menopausal symptoms, gentle effects and the absence of side effects, Lady's Formula Menopause Enhanced Formula has become the drug of choice for many women to maintain a high quality of life during this period.

When you take Lady's Formula Menopause Enhanced Formula, you will no longer be bothered by hot flashes, tachycardia, irritability, insomnia, you will say "no" to excess weight and frequent urge to urinate. In addition, you will enjoy a healthy, fresh complexion and elasticity of the skin, shine and strength of the hair.

Lady's Formula Menopause Strengthened Formula step by step restore high vitality, good health and great appearance.

What is premenopause

The premenopausal period is the period of transition to menopause, during which the level of estrogen produced by the ovaries decreases in a woman for several years. Harbingers of premenopause:

delayed menstruation;
exacerbation of premenstrual syndrome, a sudden change in mood;
painful sensitivity of the mammary glands;
itching and dryness of the vagina, discomfort during intercourse;
decrease in sexual desire;
frequent urination;
urinary incontinence when sneezing or coughing.

Doctors diagnose the premenopausal period based on the symptoms that a woman has and on the basis of a blood test for hormone levels, which must be taken several times due to unstable hormonal levels during this period. Premenopause is a natural state for women in their 40s and 50s, continuing until menopause, when the ovaries stop producing eggs.

Pregnancy with menopause

Is it possible to get pregnant during menopause? Yes it is possible. The childbearing function of a woman during the premenopausal period is significantly reduced, but there is a chance of pregnancy. If such a twist of fate is undesirable, it is necessary to continue the use of contraceptives for 12 months after the last menstruation. But sex after menopause is still able to bring bright colors to a woman's life, and sex life should by no means end in the postmenopausal period.

Climacteric syndrome is a complex of vasovegetative, endocrine and psycho-emotional disorders associated with the extinction of the working capacity of the woman's reproductive system. The symptoms of the syndrome are closely related to each other and can manifest themselves with different intensity depending on how ready the body is for changes. In one way or another, menopausal syndrome manifests itself in 40-80% of women.

Most often and most clearly, symptoms of a disorder of the autonomic nervous system manifest themselves. These, first of all, include “hot flashes” familiar to almost every woman. It is worth noting that you can encounter them not only at the age of 45–50, when natural menopause occurs, but also with early or artificial menopause. Therefore, every woman, regardless of age, needs to know how the climacteric syndrome manifests itself in order to be ready for it. What autonomic symptoms can be expected, and how to deal with them?

The climacteric syndrome can manifest itself in any of the phases of menopause, of which there are three:

Premenopausal - begins at age 45 and can last from 2 to 5 years. It is characterized by a change in the duration of the menstrual cycle and a decrease in the amount of blood released. During this period, the symptoms of the syndrome occur in 35% of women.
Menopausal - in this phase, menstruation completely stops. The most dangerous stage - up to 70% of women face vegetative signs of menopause.
Postmenopausal. During this period, the level of estrogen drops to a minimum, the body is finally rebuilt. The woman's body gets used to the new conditions and begins to function normally; cases of autonomic disorders in this phase are relatively rare.

The pathological condition, therefore, usually lasts for several years, but sometimes the climacteric syndrome can be delayed up to 10-15 years.

Associated climacteric syndrome with age-related changes in the higher parts of the central nervous system. In this case, the autonomic nervous system is inevitably affected, which leads to the manifestation of various symptoms of a violation of its work.

First of all, the functioning of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and ovaries changes. The hormones secreted by these glands form a single system that regulates the reproductive cycle. When they cease to be properly secreted in one of the organs, the operation of the entire system is disrupted. With menopause, the following chain of disorders is obtained:

There are age-related changes in the hypothalamus, as a result of which the gland ceases to respond to stimulation by estrogens secreted by the ovaries. The demand for them is growing, but the production remains at the same level.
Not getting enough estrogens, the hypothalamus begins to synthesize more gonadotropic hormones - proteins that affect the secretion of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones by the pituitary gland.

The ovaries are not physically able to release more estrogens, but, spurred on by the hypothalamus, they begin to work more actively - there are no more sex hormones, but with them “immature” compounds that are intermediate products of estrogen synthesis begin to be released.
The function of the ovaries fades away, but the hypothalamus and pituitary gland do not stop their work. Because of this, neighboring sections of the endocrine and nervous systems suffer, which leads to autonomic disorders.

We can say that at a certain point in a woman's life, a woman's body simply ceases to understand how it needs to work. The adrenal cortex comes to the rescue, which plays the role of a safety net in the endocrine system - sex hormones are also produced in it, albeit in smaller quantities than in the ovaries. In some women, the secret of this emergency gland is enough to soften the course of menopause and avoid discomfort during the restructuring of the body.

A number of factors contribute to the manifestation of pathological symptoms:

frequent physical or mental overwork during life;
regular stress;
diseases of the endocrine system or central nervous system;
gynecological diseases;

complications during pregnancy, childbirth or during feeding;
inflammation or surgery in the pelvic area;
overweight;
work in hazardous conditions;
bad habits.

Thus, it is possible to avoid vasovegetative manifestations of menopausal syndrome only by monitoring your physical and mental health throughout your youth.

Vegetative disorders in menopausal syndrome

The first signs of a vegetative disorder may appear as early as 1-3 months after the onset of the premenopausal stage of menopause, with the first violations of the menstrual cycle. In most cases, the climacteric syndrome does not manifest itself constantly, but in waves, having a seasonal character with spring or autumn exacerbations.

Hot flashes and how to deal with them

The most typical vegetative symptom of menopause is hot flashes to the upper half of the body, mainly to the head and face. It occurs in 90-98% of cases. Stress, a sudden change in weather and other irritants can provoke such an attack. The cause of hot flashes is a violation of the thermoregulatory function of the nervous system.

A hot flash has the following symptoms:

temperature increase on the skin surface by 5 °C;
expansion of blood vessels;
attacks of paroxysmal tachycardia and other cardiac arrhythmias;
increased sweating;
hypoxia;
skin hyperemia;
nausea and dizziness;
weakness.

All symptoms rarely appear immediately. Violation of the heartbeat and evenness of breathing occur with a more serious hyperventilation syndrome. Due to the lack of air, a severe headache, similar to a migraine, can begin. Such a serious condition leads to a lack of magnesium and calcium, without which the amount of estrogen in the body drops to a critical level. The functional, and not organic, nature of the disorder of the respiratory system is proved by a state of panic - a woman is afraid of suffocating.

To reduce the frequency of hot flashes, or at least alleviate them, you should try to avoid stress, stay less often in stuffy and hot rooms, humidify the air in the house, take vitamin and microelement complexes, get rid of bad habits (primarily smoking and excessive coffee consumption). A fruit and vegetable diet will also help - this is due to the fact that plant foods contain phytoestrogens.

Other symptoms

In addition to hot flashes, many women experience the following menopausal symptoms:

redness of the neck and décolleté;
jumps in blood pressure;
hypertensive crises;
numbness of the extremities, cramps in the legs, paresthesia;
nervous breakdowns.

Problems with blood pressure disturb about 2/3 of women in the menopausal period. A sharp increase in blood pressure can occur both during physical activity and in a calm state; sometimes hypertension can be triggered by an emotional outburst.

Pressure lability is explained by functional changes in the work of the vascular system, caused by changes in the hormonal stimulation of the body, as well as a partial organic restructuring of blood vessels. Under the influence of changes in the hormonal background, the autonomic nervous system begins to incorrectly regulate the tone of the arteries, which leads to spasms, increased resistance to blood flow and, as a result, an increase in pressure. In addition, water and sodium retention in the body leads to hypertension, which leads to the following symptoms:

increase in blood volume;
tissue swelling;
nausea;
heartbeat;
flies before the eyes;
headache.

Any sign of a disorder of the cardiovascular system should attract special attention, since it may indicate not only a violation of the autonomic regulation of organs, but also independent diseases - angina pectoris or myocardial infarction. Vegetative-vascular disorders occur in 13% of patients.

In addition to the cardiovascular system, the gastrointestinal tract can also suffer. This manifests itself in:

diarrhea;
flatulence;
bloating.

This is due to dysregulation of the digestive system.

Based on the severity of the course, three degrees of menopausal syndrome are distinguished:

I degree, mild form of the syndrome - with rare and mild hot flashes, occurs in half of women;
II degree - characterized by 10-20 hot flashes per day and additional symptoms, occurs in 35% of women;
III degree, the most severe course and the brightest manifestations of pathological disorders. It is diagnosed in 18% of women.

In addition, the climacteric syndrome can be divided into typical, atypical and combined types, based on the symptoms present. However, this classification does not clearly distinguish between cases of pathological disorders.

Pain with menopause

Vegetative disorders in menopause cause hypersensitivity of the nervous system to normal stimuli, which is caused by hormonal failure. Pain receptors can also be affected, which leads to pain in various parts of the body.

First of all, internal organs can hurt - like the heart, already discussed above. Pain in this case is a symptom accompanying tachycardia and other disorders of the cardiovascular system. If other organs hurt, it is also necessary to differentiate the excitability of the nervous system from independent diseases:

digestive system - ulcers, gastritis, spasms, hernia;
pancreas - pancreatitis;
liver, kidneys - colic;
reproductive system - tumor neoplasms, inflammation;
lungs - inflammation.

One of the consequences of hormonal imbalance is osteoporosis. It manifests itself in the form of night pains in the limbs, skin paresthesias.

Like hot flashes, external stimuli can cause headaches in different areas - temporal, parietal, frontal. Symptoms are affected by:

drops in blood pressure;
spasms of blood vessels in the brain;
irritation of nerve endings due to hypersensitivity;
diseases of the cervical spine.

Since a headache may indicate serious neurological diseases, if such a symptom occurs during menopause, a thorough diagnosis is necessary. Usually pain during menopause is a consequence of depression, jumps in blood pressure and intracranial pressure.

One of the symptoms of menopausal syndrome is cyclic pain in the chest (mammary glands). At fertile age, they are considered normal; during menopause, they indicate failures in the process of restructuring the hormonal background. Cyclic pain can have different intensity, appear at night or in the morning, be accompanied by hot flashes.

Non-cyclic pain (occurring at irregular intervals) has other characteristics:

not always bilateral - only one breast can hurt;
occurs with sudden movements or touches to the chest;
may be permanent.

Chest pain of a hormonal nature must be differentiated from injuries, infectious diseases and neoplasms.

Thus, the vasovegetative signs of the menopausal syndrome are very diverse - this is due to the fact that the autonomic nervous system, affected by the restructuring of the hormonal background during menopause, is involved in the regulation of all body systems. As a rule, physiological disorders are accompanied by psycho-emotional ones, which helps to correctly diagnose menopausal syndrome.