Telephone socket connection diagram. How to properly connect telephone sockets? Work order

Connecting a telephone socket to the communication system is simple; installation is carried out without the involvement of specialists. In order to install and connect the wires correctly, you need to know:

• mains voltage;
• cable color markings;
• type of connector and connection order.

Overhead telephone socket

Mains voltage

In idle mode, 40-60 volts DC flows through the lines.

When a call is received, this indicator reaches 120 volts, and when the handset is picked up, it drops to 6-12 V. This voltage does not pose a danger to human life and health.

It is impossible to cause damage to the line and the device due to the low current values. Even if there is a short circuit in the network, the PBX (automatic telephone exchange) will automatically turn off the voltage.

Before starting work, the readiness of the network is checked. To do this, you need to check the power to the incoming cable.

The test is performed using a multimeter in DC voltage measurement mode.

If there is no connected telephone or the parallel device is on-hook, the device will display values ​​in the range of 40-60 volts.

A correctly connected home telephone connects to the PBX through a plug.

Three types of connectors are used in operation:

• Soviet-style overhead socket RTShK (telephone socket with capacitor);
• with a connector for an RJ-11 Euro socket;
• universal - allow the connection of new and old style plugs.

RTShK connection

This type is equipped with 4 separate contacts with bolted wire fastening.

Required tools: knife and screwdriver.

Work order

1. The lid is unscrewed.
2. To connect the cable, use the right terminals. In order to check the line for a break, a capacitor is used (in the absence of a call, current flows through it), which is connected to the upper right contact and the lower left.
3. Attached to the wall.

Installing a plug involves connecting two wires to terminals.

For correct operation, the main thing is that the wire coming from the network matches the telephone terminal in the connector.

Installation diagram for RTShK socket

Connecting a surface socket

The universal overhead socket is a symbiosis of the standard RTShK socket, common since the times of the Soviet Union, and RJ-11 connectors for modern phones or Internet providers.

Required tools: knife and screwdriver.

Work order

1. The cover is removed.
2. The operability of the line is checked using a multimeter.
3. The wires of a suitable cable are stripped and connected to the right contacts of the connector (top and bottom). Polarity doesn't matter.
4. Attaches to the wall and closes with a lid.

Installation of the RJ-11 model

This type of modern connectors has a lot of advantages over their counterparts:

• Possibility of use for several devices simultaneously;
• small dimensions;
• large selection of colors.

There are these types of it:

• invoice;
• built-in;
• combined for several types of communication - allows you to simultaneously connect an Internet cable and a telephone cable.

Installation tools: screwdriver, multimeter and knife.

Work order

1. Check the presence of power on the incoming line using a multimeter. The device is set to DC voltage measurement mode.
2. The body is removed. Inside there are four contact terminals with different colors.
3. The network cable is stripped to create contact.
4. The line is connected to the green and red wire. In this case, polarity is not required.
5. The case closes. The surface-mounted socket is ready for use.

You can connect the line to the device by crimping a suitable network cable into the RJ-11 connector.

The wire will need to be stripped and inserted into terminals numbered 2, 3, polarity does not matter. A crimper is used to crimp the cable securely in the plug. The factory wire is disconnected, the line with a crimped tip is connected directly to the device.

Telephone sockets are used as a means of connecting the telephone with telephone lines or their individual directions. They make it possible to quickly disconnect the telephone set from the line, move it to another room and quickly connect it. With the advent of wireless radiotelephones, the need to branch out the telephone network disappeared. But sockets for phones remain; they are in demand for connecting base units and Internet modems. In this article we will tell you how to connect a telephone socket, consider their types and installation methods.

Types of telephone sockets

Manufacturers make several types of telephone sockets; the old RTShK-4 design, with the development and increase in the types of equipment connected through telephone lines, is gradually being replaced by the RJ standard. This standard allows you to make the connection of any equipment universal, the shape of the connectors is the same, the difference is in the number of wires in the cable. For a two-wire telephone network, you can use any connector by selecting the necessary contacts and wires. Let's take a closer look at the designs of different types of sockets:

• RTShK-4- the old design of the last century is now practically no longer used. It has a rectangular plastic case with four contacts; the plug has four flat metal plates that fit into the slots of the socket. A central plastic pin for rigidity of the connection between the plug and the socket.

• RJ-11 and RJ-12- the most common connectors (sockets) in sockets, used to connect ordinary household telephone sets with a two-wire line; the handset with the device is also connected with connectors of this type. Connectors with designations 4p4c have 4P - four contact strips, 4c - four contacts are installed, 4p2c indicates that 2 contacts are installed. The designations on RJ-12 models are read in a similar way, only there are 6 slots for contacts; 2, 4 or six copper contact plates can be installed.

Appearance of a socket with two RJ-12 connectors with four wires on each. In principle, with good vision, this can be seen visually in the inner part of the connector.

• RJ-14— this model is installed in office premises for telephone sets with functions of sending and receiving faxes. Connecting computer network modems and other devices. It can have 4 pins, connect to a four-core wire with two twisted pairs to connect two lines to two different devices through splitters.
• RJ-25 has no seats, is used to connect telephone lines, local computer networks, modems, faucets, printers and other office equipment ;
• There are combined socket housings, where paired connectors RTShK-4 and RJ standard are provided.

In the classic version, sockets with RJ-11 or RJ-12 connectors with two wires are used to connect a regular telephone. Read also the article: → "".

In addition to the type of connectors, telephone sockets differ in the installation method:

• Overheads are screwed onto the wall; in this case, the wiring is usually laid on the surface;
• Internal ones are installed in a wall recess with a socket box with hidden wiring under a layer of plaster or other decorative coating.

Features of connecting telephone sockets

For old rotary or push-button telephones, you can install a socket of the RTShK-4 brand, since they do not have sockets for connecting to RJ series connectors.

This does not require any special skills; it is enough to understand a simple connection diagram and be able to use a simple screwdriver.

Connecting old devices to the RTShK-4 socket

To be able to connect two telephone sets in parallel to one line, one of which is a modern model, it is recommended to install a combined socket in which the connections are RTShK-4 and RJ standard. The socket has four contacts, the line is connected to the two right ones, similarly, the wire from the telephone is connected to the two right contacts of the plug. Inside the housing, the corresponding contacts are connected to jumpers with an RJ connector.

Connecting new sockets with RJ connector

Regardless of the brand of RJ12,14 connector or other connection method remains the same. By default, for telephone lines in connectors, two central contacts 3 and 2 are used.

For the second line with four wires, connect 1 and 4 contacts. Polarity is usually not taken into account; modern equipment automatically adapts, but just in case it is recommended to observe it when connecting. According to the rules, the positive wire on a telephone line must be with red insulation, the negative wire must be green, sometimes these requirements are not met. The line can be laid with a flat two-core wire without color marking, so you need to check it with a multimeter. Read also the article: → "".

Tip #1. For safety reasons, it is best to connect and strip the insulation of PBX line wires while wearing dry assembly gloves or thin rubber gloves. This prevents electric shock during a call signal in telephone networks; the voltage at this moment reaches 120 Volts.

Features of connecting Legrand telephone sockets

Unlike conventional sockets for telephone lines, where it is necessary to strip the contacts at the ends of the wires from insulation, then a loop is made around the bolt, which is tightened on the contact terminal. Some French and German manufacturers have greatly simplified this process and come up with designs where this is not required. The twisted-pair wire is stripped at the end only of 2–3 cm from the outer sheath; the thin ends are not stripped, they are simply inserted into the terminal holes.

The clamping screw is turned with a screwdriver only a quarter turn clockwise. This mechanism ensures reliable contact and fixation of the wire; the knives of the contact group cut through the insulation, connecting to the metal conductor. This connection method greatly simplifies and speeds up installation work.

Technical characteristics of some Legrand telephone sockets:

The electrical characteristics of the socket evaluate the maximum possible parameters of the signals passed through the contacts.

Electrical characteristics of elements for Legrand brand telephone sockets:

There are many manufacturers of telephone sockets in the world, but in terms of electrical characteristics they do not differ significantly. When choosing, pay attention to:

• Number of connectors;
• Installation method, external or overhead;
• Method of fastening wires, with stripping of insulation or a simplified mechanism;
• Material of manufacture, color, shape and other elements to fit into the interior.

Quite good products of the REONE series are made by domestic manufacturers; their electrical parameters are practically no different from Legrand. the remaining characteristics are quite satisfactory for the domestic buyer in terms of price and quality.

Characteristics of Reone series telephone sockets:

Features of connecting and fixing wires with connectors

Typically, telephone sets come with connecting wires with connectors at the ends. During operation, the line may be torn or the connector body may be destroyed. When connecting additional directions, it becomes necessary to replace wires and connect connectors to them.

In old sockets, to connect the wire to the contacts, it is enough to strip the insulation at the ends of the wire with a knife, install the bare ends into the terminals, and then tighten the clamping screw with a screwdriver. The set of tools is simple, but the procedure is a bit laborious and time-consuming compared to connecting telephone lines.

Connecting sockets with connectors in the housing is quick, but requires special tools. To crimp the ends of the cable contacts in the connector, use special pliers (Crimper). Read also the article: → "". There are crimpers with sockets for different sizes of connectors; in our case, we use RJ-11 or RJ-12 standards with four channels for laying wires. The connector is connected in the following sequence:

• Using a mounting knife or a special strimmer, the outer sheath is removed from the cable no more than 2 cm from the edge;
• The wires are aligned so that they are directed into the corresponding middle sockets of the connector, and then inserted until they stop;
• The outer sheath of the cable must fit into the streamer body by at least 0.5 cm; if it protrudes, the wires must be cut and inserted again;
• This entire structure is inserted into the groove of the crimper and is compressed until a characteristic click is heard, sometimes it is not audible.

Professional crimper with working elements for various purposes

That's it, the crimping and connection is complete, visually check the integrity of the connector and do not pull the wire too much, assessing the reliability of the wires. A cable with four wires is connected to the connector in the same way, only you need to take into account that one pair is inserted into the middle grooves, the second into the outer ones.

Connecting the connector to cables without a crimper, using available tools

The previously described method is well suited for professional installers who are constantly installing telephone sockets and laying lines. They need special tools: streamers for wires of various diameters and crimpers for several connector standards. For an ordinary consumer who decides to install the phone themselves, this is an extra cost. After the work is completed, the tool will rarely be in demand or will not be needed at all. Therefore, let’s look at how to secure a wire to a connector with a regular flat-head screwdriver; the dimensions of its working part should be commensurate with the contacts on the connector. The width of the pen is 3 – 4 mm; larger sizes are unsuitable for this work.

Sequence of operations:

• Stripping the outer shell and installing the wires into the corresponding grooves is carried out as in the previous case;
• Using a flat-head screwdriver, press all contacts in sequence;
• Then the common clamp is pressed until a characteristic click is heard, fixing the cable sheath in the connector.

When using this method, you must be extremely careful not to damage the cable or destroy the connector body with excessive force.

Tip #2. Professionals check the quality of the connection with a special tester; at the household level, this can be done simply by connecting the cable between the phone and the outlet. Pick up the phone, if everything is done correctly, there will be a characteristic dial tone, just to be sure, call any number.

Installation of telephone sockets and laying lines in an apartment or office premises

In cases with hidden wiring for sockets, holes are made in the wall, socket boxes are installed, after which a separate telephone socket or block of sockets with various purposes is installed:

• Telephone;
• Television;
• Electrical for 220V.

The wires are laid in separate grooves and then covered with plaster. As a rule, the main telephone socket is placed in the corridor, from which parallel connections of lines are made in different directions to other rooms. In this case, the wires are screwed to the socket contacts with a screwdriver. To lay a telephone line with modern telephone sets, telephone cables KSVP - 2x0.4 for ordinary sets are used. The abbreviation stands for twisted pair cable, the numbers mean 2 - the number of wires, then with a cross-section of 0.4 mm 2 For digital phones with software control, KSVP cables can be used - 4 x 0.4.

Most often, the lines are laid along the walls, if possible hidden in the cable ducts of the baseboard.

For external wiring, it is not necessary to strip the ends of the wires from the line entering the apartment and fasten them with screws to the contacts of the socket; connect a connector to its end. Install a socket in the right place with the required number of connector connections, the main line is connected to the input, and the rest go to other rooms.

In assembling circuits of such lines, the main requirement is not to confuse the pair of contacts; everywhere a pair of lines is connected to the middle contacts or to the outer ones. If everything is done correctly, you can connect, the phone will work in any room.

Basic installation mistakes

• They buy sockets and connectors that are not of the same standard, which leads to difficulties in connecting the wires. It is necessary to clearly define how many lines there will be and their functional purpose. RJ-11 connectors are used for telephones; RJ-12 or RJ-14 with four channels for laying wires. For computer networks, RJ-45/25 connectors can have 8 wires, 4 pairs, of course you can connect a phone through them, but why complicate your life by figuring out which socket you need to put a pair of wires into. In our case, everything is clear, four strips of steam fit into the middle channels 2 and 3 contacts.
• They are trying to connect a flat telephone wire to the connector; the contacts can be clamped, but the outer shell will not work. The connection will not be reliable and with slight tension the ends will pop out of the connector.
• When connecting connectors in parallel in one socket, the contacts are confused; the two middle contacts of one connector must be connected by jumpers to the two middle contacts of the other connector;
• When connecting the connector to the cable, do not insert the outer sheath into its body. In this case, only the contacts are crimped, the cable is not fixed, just as in the case of a flat telephone wire;
• Some people, when installing wires into a connector, strip the insulation to ensure reliable contact. This should not be done especially with multi-core wires; the risk of a short circuit between the wires increases when even one hair is detached. With the insulation removed, the stranded wire is more difficult to insert into the slots of the connector.

FAQ

Question No. 1. To reliably connect a flat wire to a connector, is it possible to put a thick cambric on it at the junction?

I have never done this in practice, theoretically it is possible, check it, if it holds tightly, use this method as a special case. I do not recommend it at all times; the connector clamp is designed for the sheath of the KSVP cable.

Question No. 2. Can I connect a flat old wire to a Lezard outlet?

No problem, strip off the hard insulation on it for reliability and insert it into the terminals, turn the screws according to the instructions and tighten them.

Question No. 3. Is it possible to install a switch on the body of the main socket to turn off the parallel telephone?

Of course you can, but don’t reinvent the wheel, buy a socket with a switch, manufacturers make these.

Question No. 4. A cable with four wires enters the apartment, how can I determine the correct pair?

Usually it can be a red and green wire, but not a fact, so the easiest way to check is with your phone. Connect the wire with the connector to the telephone socket, from the inside of the socket, connect one wire to the second contact. Connect the remaining three wires in series to the third contact; if the dial tone does not appear in the tube, exclude this wire and do this operation with the rest. So, by elimination, calculate your pair.

Subscriber security devices. ASU circuits
Distribution boxes: KRT, KRTU, KRTP
Cable boxes and poles: YAKG, YAKR, UKS and SR
Telephone plugs and sockets: RTShK-4, RJ-12, RJ-11

Telephone plugs and sockets: RTShK-4 and Euro sockets: RJ-12, RJ-11, RJ-14, RJ-25

Old type sockets - RTShK-4

The outdated, but most common telephone socket standard in the former USSR is RTShK-4.

Previously they were produced and installed with a 1 µF capacitor. The capacitor was needed to test the line and create the effect of a busy line for the caller while the call was coming in. It could only be plugged into one outlet.

Currently produced and installed without a capacitor, which only improves the line. As a rule, such sockets are installed only if there are old telephone sets, since all new telephones have an RJ-11 socket

Connecting telephone sockets of the old type RTShK-4

The wiring into such an outlet is connected to the 2 right terminals. Turning it on again does not lead to anything good, although the phone may show some signs of life.

The remaining 2 terminals are not currently used. Previously, four-wire communication systems existed. They were used only in all kinds of intercom mini-PBXs and school radio centers (RUSH-s). Apparently, so unusual now, its inclusion was then dictated by the need to simplify the mini-PBX circuit as much as possible, and the doubled number of wires over short distances was not critical.

To clearly explain the correct connection of various types of telephone plugs, I disassembled the universal socket.

The socket has one connector of the old type - RTShK-4, and two "Euro" sockets, that is, RJ-11. Photo of this socket assembled at the top of the page.

After removing the cover, a suspiciously large number of terminals and wires are revealed. Don’t be embarrassed, only two terminals have been used for a very long time. They are circled in red in the photo. Wiring is connected to them, and only to them.

Since the socket is universal, the colored wires parallel 2 Euro sockets (RJ-11) installed in the protruding part of the device (one of them is visible in the top photo).

Euro sockets: RJ-12, RJ-11, RJ-14, RJ-25

RJ stands for Registered Jack (English) and is translated as registered socket. For those who are interested in a short analysis of the absurdities about this connector, the following plate.

All these difficulties have one positive quality, the central pair of wires is always the first working line. That is, if you connect RJ-14 RJ-25 sockets with a two-core cord with an RJ-11 plug, then everything will work completely in a regular phone. The only exceptions can be system phones that use 6 or 4 wires, for example, the “director-secretary” system.

Sometimes further numbers in the labeling help to understand the confusion of abbreviations. So 6P4C means that the connector is for a six-pin socket, but with four pins. The full marking may look like RJ-11 6P4C or RJ-12 6P4C, or even correctly: RJ-14.

When they write 4P4C, they most likely mean the non-standardized plug used in the device-tube spiral wire. For example, the following photos. By the way, despite the lack of a standard, the cords from such phones are interchangeable.

The most common type are 6p4c connectors (pictured below).

They have a latch that often breaks off, making the contact in the socket unreliable.

The signal and power must come to the two central pins of the connector (indicated by arrows in the photo)

Socket and plug (male and female) of the RJ-11 connector
The arrows show the contacts involved in the telephone pair

The width of the RJ-11 plug (which is how it is usually distinguished from telephone-handset plugs) is 10 mm

Examples of a telephone-handset socket and plug in the following photos.

During the development of communications, several standards have been created for connecting landline telephones to existing lines. Almost all of them are used to one degree or another in everyday life and in industrial enterprises.

Within the networks of large organizations that have existed for several decades, one can find simultaneously operating models of various designs, installed at different times. The features of their device must be taken into account before installing and connecting the telephone.

Purpose and standards of telephone sockets

The main task of the socket is to provide a quick-disconnect and reliable connection of telephone sets to existing communication lines, created by a permanently placed part - a socket or “female contact” and a movable plug inserted into it: “male contact”.

Design features

Any electrical outlet for communication systems consists of:

1. stand housings made of dielectric materials: plastic or ceramics;

2. spring-loaded metal contacts, ensuring reliable passage of network currents into the telephone through the plug and cord;

3. terminal clamps that provide connection of wires from a fixed network.

All these devices are classified as low-current circuits. They can be manufactured for installation:

1. hidden in the wall;

2. overhead method.

Installation features affect the types of installation and connection of sockets, which must be taken into account and combined with the design of the telephone sets used.

Features of the basic standards

For a telephone communication line, previously only two wires were used, creating a closed circuit for the current flow circuit, and inside the socket, two contacts were also used to connect them.

If you cut off the plug and socket and twist or otherwise connect the metal wires of the telephone set and the working network in pairs, and then wrap it with a layer of electrical tape, the connection will work. This principle was used to create a permanent connection through a special tap-off box.

It still works reliably now. Only for its implementation are used modern designs of contact systems and reliable methods of isolating them from harmful environmental factors.

In modern conditions, low-current circuits, telephone line systems and computer networks are being integrated. The equipment for them is constantly updated and modified.

Inside low-current systems, sockets are installed, created according to different RJ standards with several pairs of contacts. They have the technical ability to connect a telephone. This is often used by specialists, using only two contacts out of all available ones.

An overview of typical models of detachable connections, their types are given in Table No. 1.

Types of Low Current Connector Standards

Table No. 1

Name	Purpose (for phones)	Notes
RJ-9 connectors (P4C4)	Connecting the handset to the device	Analogous to RJ10. RJ22
RJ-11 connectors (P6C4, P6C2)		2 circuit connection pins
RJ-14 connectors	Connecting a telephone to the line	4 pin circuit connection
RJ-25 connectors	Connecting a telephone to the line	6 pins connection circuit
RJ-45 connectors (8р8с)	Connecting computer networks or a telephone to the line	8 pin circuit connection
RTShK-4	USSR standard for connecting a telephone set to a line
	Connecting a telephone to the line
TAE connectors	Connecting German and French telephone models to the line

Connector differences

RTShK-4 - telephone socket with four contacts for plug connection with a capacitor

The standard has been in use since the eighties. The plastic housing of the plug and socket has a dielectric key that prevents incorrect connection of the electrical circuit.

When installing several telephones on one line, a corresponding number of RTShK-4 sockets connected in parallel was created. A capacitor with a capacity of 1 microfarad was mounted at the end of the line to conduct technical tests and create “busy line” effects on the calling user’s side.

RJ-11 connectors

Now telephone sets, sockets and plugs are equipped with an RJ series connector, which has the same body, dimensions and design for connecting one, two, three or four pairs of electrical circuits. However, they can be equipped with different designs of plastic locks with special cutouts that prevent the installation of separate RJ11, 14, 25 plugs into RJ45 connectors.

They must be taken into account when connecting various manipulators. Otherwise, you may fail to improve the electrical contact or even damage the connector or break its housing.

The RJ11 interface is designed exclusively for a two-wire telephone line. It can be used not only for one phone, but can be used by several devices assembled into blocks for various devices.

The RJ11 connector is widely used not only in stationary models, but also for connecting a radiotelephone base, which allows you to talk at a certain distance from it due to the technology of radio transmission of signals between the handset and the base over the air through an electronic receiver and transmitter.

Combined RJ-11 connectors with RTShK-4

The method of connecting telephone sets through combined adapters equipped with combined connectors is implemented in a composite design, allowing for simplified installation with an additional accessory.

RJ-14, RJ-25 connectors

Their appearance corresponds to the previous RJ11 design. The difference lies in the number of contacts and possible differences in plastic locks.

RJ-45 connectors

They are created for low-current circuits with four pairs of contacts, allowing the use of circuits for connecting complex communications equipment and computer systems used in modems, laptops and other similar devices.

Methods for marking switching circuits

The socket contacts are connected in accordance with a pre-developed diagram. The design of the telephone most often allows the polarity of the connection to be ignored. However, for some devices this is technically unacceptable: they may not work correctly or fail.

To facilitate installation and troubleshooting in the circuit, manufacturers mark the contacts. It can be carried out:

1. by applying numbers near the contacts or marking them on the wiring diagram:

2. highlighting wires with a certain color.

In practice, there may be several ways to switch wires. They are shown in tables No. 2, 3, 4.

Marking for connecting twisted pair cable cores to a socket

Table No. 2

Contact no.				Type T/R	+/—
	RJ—11	RJ—14	RJ—25
1	—	—	White-green	T	+
2	—	White-orange	White-orange	T	+
3	Blue	Blue	Blue	R	—
4	White-blue	White-blue	White-blue	T	+
5	—	Orange	Orange	R	—
6	—	—	Green	R	—

Old markings for connecting cable cores to socket to socket

Table No. 3

Contact no.	Connector name, color			Type T/R	+/—
	RJ—11	RJ—14	RJ—25
1	—	—	Orange	T	+
2	—	Black	Black	T	+
3	Red	Red	Red	R	—
4	Green	Green	Green	T	+
5	—	Yellow	Yellow	R	—
6	—	—	Blue	R	—

German markings for connecting cable cores to a socket

Table No. 4

Contact no.	Connector name, color			Type T/R	+/—
	RJ—11	RJ—14	RJ—25
1	—	—	Pink	T	+
2	—	Green	Green	T	+
3	White	White	White	R	—
4	Brown	Brown	Brown	T	+
5	—	Yellow	Yellow	R	—
6	—	—	Grey	R	—

Connection diagrams for telephone sockets and plugs

Let's look at the question using the example of the RTShK-4 connector, used for communication not only with the end subscriber, but also for an additional line - communication between the secretary and the director.

One pair of contacts is used for the line coming from the PBX, and the second is used to organize additional communication via the service channel.

The diagram shows the installation location of a 1 microfarad capacitor with an operating voltage of 160 volts. Now this connection has been abandoned and the capacitor has no longer been installed. This has virtually no effect on the quality of communication.

The designs of RTShK-4 connectors are already outdated. They are gradually being replaced by new, more convenient devices that take up little space. But the electrical connection diagram has not changed fundamentally. To operate one telephone, it is still sufficient to simply create a closed electrical circuit with a two-wire PBX line.

Modern telephone sockets are usually combined into consolidated units used in combination with other communication devices: computer equipment, fiber-optic cable networks, electrical devices.

Such blocks are concentrated in one place, convenient for maintenance and hidden from prying eyes.

Hazardous factors of the telephone network

No matter what “experienced” telecom electricians say, who were “shocked” by the voltage of the telephone exchange line, attention must be paid to safety issues.

Connecting a telephone socket is usually carried out under the quiescent voltage of the communication line. Its value is about 60 volts. If you manage to catch the moment of an incoming call, then a variable sine wave with an amplitude of up to 120 volts passes through the network.

It may well create a current path through the body of the master making the connection. If your hands are wet or sweat appears on your body, then the conductivity will increase sharply. The pain will become very unpleasant and cause convulsive reactions. It is better to avoid them by protecting your hands with thin dielectric gloves and observing other technical safety rules.

Methods for installing telephone sockets

Taking into account certain technical issues, telephone sockets are installed using the same methods as ordinary electrical ones. These points are already described in the article: . Check it out: preparation and fastening methods for open and closed wiring systems have already been revealed.

You will also find useful material on this issue in the article on installation of electrical wiring and low-current circuits. This method is used when the repair is completed, dirty work cannot be done, and the telephone wiring must be laid beautifully and neatly.

Modern plastic cable channels can be selected to suit any room design. They come with numerous accessories, including electrical and telephone sockets.

Thus, in order to install and correctly connect a telephone socket, you need to select its model according to the dimensions and technical characteristics that correspond to your telephone set, and also take into account the recommendations set out in the proposed material.

Content:

Today, the mobile phone has become the main means of communication for most people. But in our life, the well-forgotten old things often acquire special value. Take, for example, cars of famous brands produced several decades ago. So wired communications are slowly but surely drifting towards the attributes of luxury. For this and a number of other reasons, which are mostly different for everyone, they do not refuse wired telephony.

And many, when given the opportunity, acquire it. A telephone socket is a mandatory attribute of this communication line. This article was written to help those who intend to acquire a wired telephone. If there are concerns that the technician will install the socket somehow incorrectly, after reading the article, everyone will probably be able to carry out this installation on their own.

What are old-style telephone sockets?

There is a trend among electrical appliances to reduce their size and weight. Therefore, telephone sets in their modern form are reduced to the size of a telephone handset. But lovers of retro style use telephones with a design from the early twentieth century. But the principle of wired communication remains unchanged:

• the same Automatic Telephone Exchange (ATS);
• telephone cable with numerous cores, stretched from the telephone exchange to the distribution panel of the house;
• a two-core TRP wire, called “noodles,” laid in each apartment.

Most telephones until about the 60s of the twentieth century were landline. They were connected to the line in a permanent way. Their terminals were on screw terminals. The telephone was, as they say, tightly tied to the socket. It was possible to move away from it only by the length of the connecting cord. But then the RTShK-4 socket appeared. Since then, it has been possible to install several such outlets in a room and carry the device with a short cord, connecting to the one that is more convenient at the time.

Installation of RTShK-4

It is possible that some readers who decide to get a line phone will have an old device in mind that will suit them perfectly. In this case, you can do a significant amount of work yourself and save some money. Moreover, if you have a high-quality apartment interior, you can lay the noodles yourself more carefully than with the hands of an outside worker. First of all, you need to choose the location of the outlet (one or more).

Then think about the route for passing the noodles. Measure its length from the outlet to the front door. The block, which is used to connect subscribers, is located on the floor either in the electrical panel or next to it in a separate box. The noodles exit the apartment slightly higher than the top edge of the front door, and at this height they are laid up to the shield. It is better to leave this part of the work to the technicians who will come to connect the phone.

To install the socket yourself, you don’t have to buy noodles. But if you decide to lay a line with your own hands, so as not to assemble it from pieces, you need to know the length of the noodle from the outlet to the shield. Within the apartment, it can be nailed to the wall along the chosen route. It is better when the wire to the outlet goes closer to the ceiling than to the floor. With this option, it is more difficult to catch and damage it. Near the installation site of the socket, as well as near the front door, it is necessary to leave a margin in length to complete the connection.

All that remains is to drill a couple of holes to attach the panel with terminals. To do this, simply place the panel against the wall and trace the holes in it with a pencil. Then we drill holes for the dowels. Once the holes are prepared and the dowels are in place, the terminal panel is screwed down and ready for the noodle to be attached. Standard plug and socket connections are shown in the image above.

The RTShK-4 provides for the installation of a capacitor. The line switches to it when the plug is disconnected. This allows the PBX to check the integrity of the communication line. But now this is no longer relevant, so there is no need to install a capacitor.

Modern wired telephone connectors

Modern telephone sockets are based on the RJ (Registered Jack) connector. This connector is available in several versions, which differ in the number of contacts. It is well known to users of modems and wired computer networks. Depending on the number of contacts, its name contains the numbers 9, 11, 14, 25.

If a user of a telephone with an RTShK-4 socket needs to connect a modem or a modern telephone set, the easiest way is to use the modern upgraded version of the RTShK-4, shown below.

It allows you to connect both old and modern telephone equipment to the line. RJ sockets come in a wide range of models. They may have a different combination of the number of connectors, as well as their purpose. Some of these connectors are shown below.

If the telephone contains RJ, it contains a pair of contacts - this is a modification called RJ11. An increase in the number of contacts in a socket with one or another RJ modification means that it belongs to the PBX used in offices. To connect a telephone set, any option with more than two contacts is not justified both economically and technically.

The force required to remove or insert into any RJ jack configuration is small. For this reason, it is permissible to mount a socket of the simplest design on a base of double-sided adhesive tape. It sticks securely to the socket. And if in a place suitable for placing the outlet there is a surface to which it can be glued, it makes sense to do so. For example, use a door frame as a base.

• For reliable adhesion of the adhesive fastening to concrete or plaster, it is necessary to remove any irregularities with sandpaper and apply a layer of glue. After it dries, attach the connector.

On a panel with terminals and several connectors, all that remains is to select the one you need for the phone and attach the stripped noodle wires to them. Since they are thin and flexible, it is enough to unscrew the terminal screws by about 1 mm and wrap the core around the corresponding screw. If this procedure is performed on a live line, remember that it is live. Modern products may have knife terminals. The conductors in them are carefully threaded so that the insulation is cut.

In this case, a tool with insulated handles is used to strip the cores. It is recommended to carry out installation avoiding short circuits in the wire. Although this will not lead to consequences comparable to a 220 V network, the PBX has protection against line faults. If you connect a flush-mounted socket, you will need to make a recess for the socket box - the same as in the network analogue. The wire is laid in a groove separately from the 220 V network. Otherwise, there will be low-frequency interference.

This option requires a significant investment of time and effort. It is impossible with an already established interior due to the dust and debris that will accompany the work being performed. The choice of option is left to the user.