Fundamentals of the formation of a single geoinformation space for special purposes using web technologies. About space and the universe and our life Single geographic information space

S. A. Zubkov

Tell me, please, where should I go from this?

It depends a lot on where you want to come, - answered the cat.

Yes, I practically do not care, - began Alice

Then it's all the same where to go, - said the cat.

If only to get somewhere, - Alice explained.

Don't worry, you will definitely get somewhere, - said the cat, - of course, if you don't stop halfway.

(L. Carroll, "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland")

Unlike the main heroine of the famous work of L. Carroll, the experts of the IT Department of Moscow, who take part in the formation of the city's geoinformation space, have the knowledge of where they wish to come. But first things first.

Work on the formation of the Unified Geographic Information Space (EGIP) of Moscow is being carried out as part of the implementation of the Moscow National Program "Information City (2012–2016)". Projects aimed at the development of EGIP are among the priority ones within the framework of the activities of the subprogram "Development of information and communication developments to increase the quality of life in the city of Moscow and create favorable conditions for doing business."

In accordance with clause 1.2 of the order of the Moscow mayor's office dated March 20, 2012 No. 120-RP "On the integrated automated data processing system" Single geoinformation space of Moscow " authorities of organizations and the city of Moscow. " It is worth announcing right away that the task of putting things in order in the sectoral geodatabase (GDB) and ensuring their provision as part of the measures to form a unified urban open data platform is only the first stage in the development of the geo-information space of the capital.

Ideologically, EGIP should imagine an n-dimensional array of events, the sequential and / or parallel origin of which can form a business or technological process of obtaining, using and processing geodata within the framework of providing national favors to organizations and citizens; interdepartmental cooperation of the organs of orderly power (OIV) of Moscow; quality control of favors aimed at ensuring the quality of safety and improving the life of the city's population; development of transport, cultural, leisure and physical culture and sports infrastructures; increasing the level of accessibility of municipal infrastructure for people with limited mobility; environmental protection and many others. dr.

Each event in EGIP can be described with a set of values for six main dimensions:

functional:
geodata (industry, citywide);
geodata providers (OIV, external organizations);
consumers of geodata (citizens, OIV, external organizations);
supplying:
Software (GIS servers, web clients, mobile applications);
objects of the system and technical infrastructure (servers, data storages, data transmission channels);
geodata transfer mechanisms (web services, files, geodatabase replicas).

Once again, I note that the main goal of EGIP development is the formation of a geoinformation space that is optimal in terms of density and composition of events, which allows providing geoinformation assistance to existing processes of providing services to organizations and the population of the city, and allowing the development of new sets and processes of favors based on geodata.

As mentioned above, within the first stage (2012–2013) of the formation of the geoinformation space, all efforts were thrown into the study of sectoral geographic data in terms of storage structures, duplication, the quality of topological links, and thematic classification. Experts of the IT Department of Moscow, together with the involved OIV and other project participants, managed to put together a large array of industry data, select city-wide geodata on their basis, agree and approve the first version of the thematic classifier in the Mayor's Office and the Moscow City Hall.

At the moment, there are seventeen permanent thematic categories, and separate categories of seasonal data. Most of the collected data (about 200 layers) has been made available to the public at the moment using the first version of the citywide interactive geo-information resource "Electronic Atlas of Moscow" (eatlas.mos.ru).

Any user of the resource has the opportunity to help us in correcting data by sending a message using ergonomic forms (Fig. 1a, 1b).

Rice. 1. Forms of appeal

Realizing that separate geodata, no matter how correct they may be, can do little to help ordinary citizens, within the framework of the second stage of EGIP development (2013–2014), the main emphasis will be placed on the development of geoservices. In addition to basic services (ergonomic combined search by location and address, routing), the Electronic Atlas will provide data on the availability of municipal infrastructure facilities for people with limited mobility.

Integration with the portal of national favors is already being carried out, and in the near future the function of enrollment in other services and sports sections of the main and additional education will become cheap. The resource users will have a cheap service for viewing city panoramas. On behalf of the head of the state administration of the city of Moscow, an English version of the resource will be prepared in the near future.

In 2014, the first mobile version of the Electronic Atlas of Moscow will be released.

Geoinformation support for the disclosure of thematic industrial databases of urban facilities and the involvement of third-party applications and service developers based on this data will remain no less a serious direction in the development of EGIP until 2014.

Now about those who are otherwise "barricades" - about data providers. In order to integrate existing sectoral geographic information aggregates, to provide the means of maintaining and generating geodata for those OIVs that did not previously have such, within the first stage of the development of EGIP, a “System of Timely Access to Geospatial Data of the Unified Geographic Information Space of Moscow” was created. The main task of this resource of EGIP is to provide experts of the OIV-suppliers of geodata with tools for editing and creating spatial attributes of geodata, and giving them legal significance using the electronic signature of an important person.

As part of the second stage of EGIP development, this resource, in addition, will not be left without attention and will be significantly improved in terms of the development of the API, visual presentation functions and expanding editing, the formation of geoanalysis mechanisms and the preparation of complex cartographic reports.

Everything that was written above concerns the functional architecture of the geoinformation space of Moscow. These transformations, of course, are not possible without important transformations at the second levels of architecture. The target architecture of EGIP is shown in Fig. 2.

Rice. 2. Scheme of the target architecture of IAIS EGIP

As a result, the following main events have been outlined in the framework of the upcoming development of EGIP in terms of applied and system-technical architecture:

Moving from a good 3-tier model of corporate IS of a large enterprise, used to respond as quickly as possible to the tasks of the first stage, to answers based on ESB and SOA;
transition in the provision of resources based on cloud computing models - PaaS, SaaS, DaaS;
the formation of a full-fledged program-management complex and technical analysis directed.

An integral part of the development of the architecture of EGIP is the management of mechanisms and the formation of an analysis of transformations of the architecture of EGIP, which includes the following works:

determination of the composition of the attribute values for each dimension;
development of a summary indicator of attribute values for each dimension (for sorting values);
formation of target values for each dimension;
development of methods for optimizing the architecture of EGIP:
the method of forming the weighting coefficients of events;
a method for optimizing values by dimensions for a group of events and an individual event (business or production process);
method of attribute values and composition determination for each dimension;
development of a method for the formation of a sequence of events (business or production process) of EGIP, which supplies the fulfillment of requirements for the provision of services.

no less a serious nuance in the formation of the EGIP of Moscow is a high-quality regulatory and legal support. In this part, it is planned to introduce transformations in the current regulatory framework of the Moscow Government and the legal acts of the mayor, and to develop regulations and new decrees that establish the rules for information cooperation in EGIP.

At this stage, special attention will be paid to the proposals of the Commission of the Expert Council under the Government of the Russian Federation on the use of remote sensing data of the Soil in the Russian Federation. Several councils of experts were created at the end of the report by the head of the state administration of the city of Moscow S.S.Sobyanin at a meeting of the presidium of the council for innovative development and modernization of the economy.

A conversation about the need to create a single geoinformation space for the city of Moscow.

Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world with a complex infrastructure, a unique megalopolis in terms of territorial organization, structure and management. The city has information systems based on modern means of collecting information, the volume of which is constantly growing exponentially. Therefore, in many countries and cities, integration processes are developing, ensuring the consolidation and ordering of information flows, creating conditions for the formation of a single information infrastructure.

Over the past years, intensive housing construction, reconstruction and major repairs have been launched in Moscow, transport highways and utilities are being built and reconstructed, comprehensive improvement and other types of work are being carried out.

In general, in the city, there is a favorable opportunity to combine information resources and create new ones on their basis. International experience shows that the integration of disparate information is best done on the basis of geoinformation technologies.

The government-approved “concept for the creation of a spatial data infrastructure (SDI)” at three levels: federal, territorial and municipal. At the legislative level of Russia, it is also necessary to ensure the regulation of relations in the field of creation and development of SDI through the adoption of appropriate by-laws.

When designing the technical components of the RF SPD, a number of scientific and applied problems arise.

1) Perform structural analysis of all spatial information used by executive authorities, large enterprises and other users.

2) It is necessary to formalize the description of the information placed in the SDI, its interrelationships and use

User access to information contained in federal and regional resources should, as far as possible, be carried out in a single window. EGIP of the city of Moscow is a combination of spatial data arrays about the city's territory, presented in two-dimensional and three-dimensional views, covering ground, underground and above ground space, interconnected by a single coordinate basis.

In 2010, by the Decree of the Moscow Government No. 162-PP, the Medium-term city target program of work for the development of the EGIP of the city of Moscow for 2010-2012 was adopted. The main objectives of the program were as follows.

Geodetic support of a unified geoinformation infrastructure
Providing users with updated materials
Creation of a three-dimensional digital model of the city of Moscow
Engineering-geological mapping
Ensuring interagency cooperation
Improvement of regulatory, personnel, scientific and technological support for EGIP in Moscow.

The logical architecture of the EGIP of the city of Moscow includes the following main components:

An environment for intersystem exchange and access to geospatial data of executive authorities

Central hub of the EGIP environment in Moscow

Spatial data online access environment

The geoportal system contains three main portals of varying degrees of confidentiality:

A) Portal for open access

B) Service portal for the executive authorities of the city of Moscow

C) Regime geo-information portal of executive authorities in Moscow

Further development of EGIP in Moscow should be carried out in the following main directions.

Development and improvement of regulatory support for work

Development of the composition and completeness of the information provided

Creation and development of multidimensional provision of territory

Creation and development of analytical capabilities

Fundamentals of the formation of a single geoinformation space for special purposes using web technologies

Vasily Ivanov
Candidate of Military Sciences, Military Academy of Communications named after Marshal of the Soviet Union S.M. Budyonny, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Associate Professor of the Department of Communication Organization. Graduated from the Ryazan Higher Military Command School of Communications in 1996; Military Academy of Communications - in 2007. He defended his dissertation in 2010.
Nikita Borodin
Military Academy of Communications named after Marshal of the Soviet Union S.M. Budyonny, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, operator of a scientific company. Graduated from St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics in 2015.

The main purpose of creating a single geoinformation space for special purposes (EGP SN) is the formation in a single information space (UIS) of a multi-departmental (use of troops of the Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Internal Affairs, FSB, Ministry of Emergency Situations) grouping of troops (forces), elements of a single database (Fig. 1) and points access to geoinformation information. The EGP SN is designed to obtain spatial information about various territories by different categories of officials of command and control bodies in the process of performing tasks for the combat use of formations and units in the course of combat training and operations.

Personal use of geographic information systems has several disadvantages:

the need to allocate a large amount of memory for storing vector and raster maps of special operations (combat) areas and areas of responsibility on personal computers (automated workstations) of officials;
the complexity of the coordination of electronic maps and their classifiers between directorates (departments) and headquarters services and units;
absence of a single classifier for drawing the operational situation and its joint editing by officials;
the use of traditional "paper" techniques when working with geographic information systems;
lack of a unified geoinformation database.

At the same time, in some power ministries, server GIS and Web-GIS are actively used - Fig. 2. In GIS SN, layers and other data come from different sources (sources include data received from officials of departments and headquarters services). Each user (official) develops that part of the information that he uses and that he needs to perform certain tasks, and not the entire information field of his GIS.

Layers with data come from external sources, from other interacting GIS users (officials of the governing bodies of the Ministry of Defense, the Federal Security Service, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, etc.) through data transmission systems. The need for data is an incentive for users to obtain new data in the most efficient and quickest ways, including by using part of the databases for themselves from other GIS users.

Thus, even today the management of geoinformation data in the governing bodies is carried out by several users (officials). Distributed work with GIS implies ample opportunities for interaction between many users (officials working with geographic information systems) and information systems (information and reference systems, decision support systems, etc.). Collaboration of users with GIS has shown its effectiveness in solving various information and computational problems.

At present, all communication centers of command posts (headquarters) are equipped with servers of various capacities, but their low workload requires finding solutions for their use in the interests of officials of command posts (headquarters). One of these solutions is to use them as GIS servers on a web platform.

Consider the elements of a distributed geoinformation network, which is the basis of a single geoinformation space for special purposes. The GIS network includes the following main elements (Fig. 3):

GIS portals with metadata catalogs where users can search and find GIS information according to their needs;
GIS nodes, where users compile and publish sets of GIS information;
GIS users who search, access and use published data and services.

Officials who are GIS users interact with each other to retrieve the missing pieces of their GIS data. To do this, they access GIS nodes through GIS portals, which are an important component of a network with a systematized registry of various storage locations for data and information sets. Some users act as data stewards, compiling and publishing their datasets for sharing. They register their information sets in the portal directory. By searching this directory, other users can find and refer to the information sets they need. A GIS portal is a website where users can search and find the GIS information they need. The capabilities provided depend on the mix of GIS data, map, and metadata network services offered. Periodically, the site of the GIS catalog portal can conduct a survey of the catalogs of the associated participating sites (GisWeb servers of the power ministries and departments of the country) in order to publish and update one central GIS catalog. Thus, a GIS catalog can contain links to data sources available both on this site and on other sites.

The list of software tools for the formation of a single geoinformation space

Types software tools	Names software tools
Software tools for providing user access to spatial data through the use of a single information space (UIS)	GIS "Operator"
Software tools for working with media data in the EIS	GIS server
Geoinformation web services for working with spatial data
Software components for maintaining a bank (database) of photographs of territories of various resolutions and frequency	Databank of CC and remote sensing data

The analysis of the GIS used in power ministries and departments, algorithms for the work of officials of management bodies, software tools made it possible to determine the tasks (Fig. 4) that need to be solved when developing the EGP.

To ensure the interaction and structural unity of all elements of the EGP CH, it is necessary to have unified software components presented in the table.

Like other information technologies, a single geographic information space should provide ease of implementation of applications created on a single basis. This is achieved by creating a single basic software platform that supports different types of geographic data sets, advanced data management tools, data editing, analysis and visualization.

An essential task is to provide officials with access to the web-resource both from stationary workplaces and from the "field", while users should have a full set of capabilities, even if they use low-speed communication channels.

In order to provide remote access, it is necessary to have sufficiently developed interfaces for working with data and various information products. Such interfaces should provide:

work with multidimensional data archives;
fairly simple and straightforward data management (selection, search, inclusion to display the desired characteristics, etc.);
quick selection and display of various information products from sufficiently capacious archives that provide storage of multidimensional data;
simultaneous display of various types of information and their joint analysis;
work with both spatial information and time series of various information products;
the formation of complex products based on the basic ones at the request of users (this is primarily due to the fact that with the expansion of the tasks and capabilities of monitoring systems, a simple increase in the types of stored information products leads to an uncontrolled increase in the volume of archives, therefore, some of the products have to be formed only upon requests);
access to distributed information resources;
online import of information from various third-party information systems;
extensibility of functionality, as well as convenient and flexible settings for solving specific problems;
a strict but flexible system for authorizing users to access various functions and information products used in the system;
displaying data on the map;
basic functions of working with the card;
data search in catalogs and their display;
data export.

The creation of the EGP SN already today will allow to optimize the work of officials of the governing bodies, to have a distributed resource of geoinformation data. And the development of communication and automation systems in the power ministries will create a single telecommunications space and provide access to common resources of the geoinformation space anywhere in the country.

List of used literature:

Ivanov V.G., Panikhidnikov S.A., Nemtsev E.A. The use of a geo-information portal for military purposes as a technological platform for military-technical cooperation of officials of the joint headquarters of the CSTO. "Military-technical cooperation of Russia: history and modernity" / Proceedings of the scientific conference, 2012 - St. Petersburg: Polytechnic-service, 2013.
KB Panorama website, http://www.gisinfo.ru.
Ivanov V.G., Panikhidnikov S.A., Mogilenko A.N. Interactive databank of cartographic information // In collection: Actual problems of infotelecommunications in science and education. III International scientific-technical and scientific-methodical conference: collection of scientific articles. 2014.S. 829-833.
Gorbunov A.A., Ponomorchuk A.Yu., Ivanov V.G. The use of geographic information systems in making managerial decisions in the unified state system for the prevention and elimination of emergencies // Scientific-analytical journal "Bulletin of the St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia". 2015. No. 2. S. 71-76.
GIS Technician website, http://gistechnik.ru.
Ivanov V.G., Panikhidnikov S.A., Korolev K.V. Analysis of modern geoinformation systems for use in military systems // In collection: Actual problems of infotelecommunications in science and education. III International scientific-technical and scientific-methodical conference: collection of scientific articles. 2014.S. 820-825.

Common geoinformation space of Moscow city

ISOGD of the city of Moscow

Moscow is not only the best, but also one of the largest and most complex cities in the world. The capital of the Russian Federation is a unique megalopolis in terms of territorial organization, structure and management. Dozens of departments, departments and services, which are responsible for various spheres of activity, take part in the management of the city. All these areas are very closely interconnected, therefore decision-making is based on a large amount of heterogeneous information.

In Moscow, there are complex structures for managing information flows, ensuring the timely flow of information to interested parties. The city has created various information systems based on modern means of collecting and processing information. The volumes of information are growing exponentially, and you need to be able to effectively manage them. It is for this purpose that integration processes are developing in many countries and cities, ensuring the consolidation and ordering of information flows, creating conditions for the formation of a single infrastructure. Moscow is no exception here.

In Russian urban planning, the intentions in the formation of a unified information infrastructure were developed in the concept of information systems for ensuring urban planning activities (ISCGD), formed on the basis of the general principles of the state concept of spatial data infrastructure.

Spatial data is an important component of information flows in a city, since most of all information is geographically referenced. Practically all the main city services are involved in the creation of spatial data, providing planning, construction, reconstruction, functioning and development of the city. In 1999, for better comparability of spatial data, the City Government decided to create a unified state cartographic base for Moscow (EGKO), the preparation and maintenance of which was entrusted to "Mosgorgeotrest". This basis was created on the basis of digital topographic plans, maps and diagrams of a scale series 1: 2000 - 1: 25000 and was put into commercial operation in 2002. The EGKO information resource is kept up to date and provided to all services and organizations of the city that carry out design and inventory work. This significantly increased the reliability and reliability of information, accelerated and facilitated its sharing, and significantly expanded the information exchange of spatial data. Attempts were made to form unified procedures for creating spatial data and unify exchange formats, which improved the ability to exchange data, but did not solve the problems of keeping the data up to date. The data exchange regulations led to the arrival of information with a delay and did not guarantee their relevance during the subsequent period of use.

The general plan of Moscow initiated the creation of a single information space

The lack or delay in the receipt of up-to-date data was especially acute in the preparation of the main document of the city - the General Plan for the Development of Moscow until 2025. The work on this document was completed in 2010. It was carried out in several design workshops of the city and was united in the Institute of the General Plan of Moscow ... The general plan of the city of Moscow is a complex document that, according to the law, includes 19 information groups of spatial data, uniting more than 50 cartographic layers.

The development of the General Plan is based on a variety of initial spatial data, some of which may change during the period of preparation of the document. This significantly complicated the work and required constant comparison with newly arriving spatial information from other services. In addition, during public discussions of the General Plan and hearings in the City Duma, urgent additional work was required to convert data from different formats for their presentation in a unified geographic information system (GIS).

In this regard, work was underway to deploy such a system. And as an integration platform, the software products of the ArcGIS family were adopted, installed in two main centers for the preparation of spatial data for this document: at the Institute of the General Plan of Moscow and the Committee for Architecture and Urban Planning of Moscow ("Moskomarkhitektura").

In 2009, the city government also discussed and adopted the concept of creating a unified geoinformation space for Moscow (EGIP), the implementation of which would allow the use of modern technological solutions to optimize the exchange of spatial data. On its basis, the mid-term target program of the city for 2010-2012 was approved.

The essence of the concept is to strive for "the integration of spatial data, allowing the simultaneous display and processing of spatial objects from different datasets of any scale, including arrays of thematic data of different users."

It was necessary in a fairly short time to develop and implement a fundamentally new approach to the exchange of spatial data without destroying the established practice of creating and using spatial data in services with experience in using geographic information systems, and ensuring the possibility of developing the system through convenient connection and expanding the number of participants. The difficulty consisted in the need to integrate information created and maintained, although on a single cartographic basis, but in different, often poorly comparable spatial data formats, based on various GIS technologies and GIS systems used in different services.

It should be noted that in Moscow, as in other large cities, the choice of specific information technologies is determined by many factors, including not only the economic component of the implementation of systems, but also the timing of the introduction of technologies in different industries, the existing experience of specialists, the format of the incoming data, or even just spontaneous solution. Nevertheless, in this case, the transfer of services to a single GIS platform was not considered as an option for a general solution, since this is not only impossible, but also impractical. The solution was sought in new standards for the exchange of spatial information based on service-oriented architecture (SOA) using international standards for the exchange of spatial information developed by the international consortium OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium). This approach made it possible not to develop new software products or to unify their use, but to develop directions for connecting distributed information nodes for messaging.

Service-oriented architecture of EGIP Moscow

A service-oriented architecture assumes three main components: service providers, service consumers, and a service registry.

Based on this, the option of organizing EGIP on the basis of a geoportal solution was considered (Fig. 1). Its essence consisted in the construction of a multicore (distributed) information structure with a central node in the "Moskomarkhitektura". The role of the central node consists in the presence of additional functions of the EGIP operator, which provides all participants with a single cartographic base and a platform for the exchange of information resources.

Rice. 1. General scheme of the EGIP organization.

A geoportal of spatial data built on the ArcGIS technology is used as such a site. A special server extension - ArcGIS Geoportal Extension (from the editorial board: in ArcGIS 10 it was redesigned into a new product Esri Geoportal Server) - made it possible to quickly deploy an interaction platform in the city information loop of city management. The purpose of the geoportal is to consolidate information about the decentralized spatial data available in the city services, which are issued and provided for use in the form of standard geoservices, as well as to create a single point of entry for users to this environment.

The geoportal was built into the general portal of Moskomarkhitektura, the entrance to which is regulated for registered users with the necessary rights (roles).

Role-based functions allow: the administrator - to assign roles, regulate the work of the portal and approve or suspend the use of the data offered for registration; data providers - register their own resources of spatial information on the geoportal; users - to search for necessary resources, browse resources and work with available spatial data.

Rice. 2. General view of the portal.

Information consolidated on the portal is metadata that is created by resource owners according to the standard template provided by the geoportal (Fig. 2). The metadata template for spatial data (geoservices and their constituent information layers of data) was created on the basis of the international standard ISO 19115: 2003 "Geographic information Metadata" (Geographic information. Metadata) and its domestic profile: RF standard GOST R 52573-2006 "Geographic information. Metadata ". In the course of the work, a special EGIP profile was created, which made it possible to use the standards and at the same time to simplify the set of metadata necessary to describe the spatial resources of the city (Fig. 3). The metadata includes the "mandatory" metadata elements related to their core, as well as a number of elements that are not included in the core, but are essential for the cataloging of spatial data.

Rice. 3. The geoportal page for the introduction of metadata for the developed profile.

For ease of use, the portal includes thematic sections of spatial information recommended by the ISCGD of Moscow. They allow you to organize information into sections that are familiar to users. The allocation of resources to sections occurs automatically, after the introduction of the appropriate metadata about the resources provided.

An essential role in the catalog of resources is played by a system of keywords that facilitate and accelerate thematic search for resources. The search engine used by the ArcGIS geoportal solution is built on the most famous and popular search engine Apache Lucene, which provides indexing and complex search of information resources by any of the metadata parameters or their combination in real time.

Using the portal assumes that the found list of resources can be saved for later work. For this purpose, a user registration system has been created within the portal, which provides distributed access to resources and the ability to create and use a "personal account".

Another important element of the geoportal is the geo-viewer (MapViewer) - a special cartographic application that allows you to view or perform full-fledged work with spatial data registered on the portal. The need for such an application is also due to the task of providing the user on the geoportal with all the necessary tools for working with cartographic services.

For this purpose, a Web-application was developed that provides work with geo-services of the geoportal, as well as the ability to add any other standard cartographic geo-services: both registered on the EGIP geoportal and not registered, but having a URL created according to OGC standards.

The advantage of the application is the ability to form profiles - your own Web-projects from the available data, as well as the ability to save these projects in the user's personal account for later work. The created profiles can optionally be available to a whole group of users or be individual. The portal users already have collected profiles with the composition of the data defined by the Master Plan, the SPRIT system (Consolidated Territory Use Regulation Plan), IWGP (Monitoring the Implementation of the Master Plan of Moscow), LZZ (Land Use and Development Rules), etc. This data is available to anyone a portal member with a sufficient level of access to get started, or just as a basic basis for forming your own profile (Fig. 4).

Rice. 4. An example of a collected geoportal profile.

This Web application is quite easy to use; no special training is required to work with it. If you have any questions, the user can refer to the online help, which is written in a concise form with illustrations and explanations. The help system is designed in the usual html format for Web-users with cross-references within the text and an advanced search engine.

The functionality of the Web application is well developed despite the apparent simplicity of operation. There are all the necessary standard tools for working with the map: zoom in / out, panning, selection of display scale. Additionally, tools for measuring, sampling and obtaining information on objects of any layers of geoservices have been developed.

Of particular note is the address search function, which is extremely important for working with spatial data in a city. The address can be found by entering the initial letters of the street name in the search bar, then select the desired street from the list provided, which, in turn, will offer all addresses for selection. If the full address is known, then the location search is carried out instantly directly on the map.

The search engine is interactively linked to the map. The map can be moved to the area of the found object while maintaining the displayed scale, or the map can be brought closer to the selected object, or you can create a spatial bookmark.

In the table of contents section, there is a tree of administrative divisions of the city, which can be approached by selecting the desired level of hierarchy, up to a specific street or address.

Objects can be searched for in a special window by building a query based on one or more attribute values of the database on which the spatial data services are based.

The selection of objects can be carried out graphically: a point, a line, a delineated polygon. Information about the object selected or found as a result of the search goes to the object card - a convenient form for viewing and analyzing attributive information.

About project implementation

For the pilot launch of the portal and testing its functionality, a limited circle of participants was identified that meets several requirements:

possessing spatial information in digital form and capable of providing it in the form of cartographic geoservices;
having a secure channel for transmitting information;
having the ability to use cartographic geoservices in GIS systems used for internal production purposes.

The testing participants were "Moskomarkhitektura", the Institute of the General Plan of Moscow, "Mosgorgeotrest", the Department of Land Resources (DZR), the Department of Urban Development Policy (DGP).

Each participant had technical means of information transmission protection installed and the amount of spatial resources provided to EGIP was determined. Moskomarkhitektura acted as a data provider and operator for EGIP. As an operator, MCA prepared and submitted to the information space the EGCO, transmitted by Mosgorgeotrest, in the form of an accelerated (cached) map service.

The Institute of the General Plan of Moscow has prepared a number of cartographic services related to the provision of the General Plan of the city. The Department of Land Resources has registered and submitted to EGIP important spatial information on the cadastral registration of the city's land. The Department of Urban Development Policy has created and registered a service about the city's facilities under construction.

All metadata about the named resources were entered into the geoportal and, after the control of the geoportal administrator, submitted for their use.

The testing of the portal operation was carried out using the MapViewer Web application built into the geoportal, as well as in the existing own applications of the DZR and DGP, which connected the services provided on the portal at the workplaces of employees.

The results of the testing made it possible to highly assess the efficiency of the EGIP deployment and the possibility of introducing the system into industrial use without significant additional costs.

Of course, nothing is perfect right away. Not everything suits the EGIP operator and its users in the emerging EGIP architecture. The main difficulty lies in the level of differentiation of access to data, associated, first of all, with the restrictions on the use of EGKO. This entails a significant complication of the interaction of information nodes with the formation of secure channels for the exchange of information, a narrowing of the number of participants in the information exchange. So it is still too early for an ordinary Muscovite to become a full-fledged user of EGIP information.

Another difficulty is the different level of information and technical readiness of information holders. Some of them in the near future will not be able to provide EGIP with their geoservices on-line. Their information, although very much in demand, will still remain available “on paper” or in electronic formats and in a form unsuitable for widespread use.

This is Moscow. I would like it to be not only the main city of the country, but also the most modern in the field of information technology. The operator EGIP has big plans. If they are realized, then it will be so.

The unified geographic information space is an integral part of the spatial data infrastructure of Moscow, which is a set of urban information resources, technologies, systems, regulatory and legal acts necessary for the collection, processing, updating, storage, distribution, exchange and use of spatial data and metadata.

A.V. Antipov(State Unitary Enterprise "Mosgorgeotrest")

The development of the city as a whole, individual areas of the urban economy and almost all urban information systems that have already been created or are still being created is impossible without reliable spatial data about the occupied territory, land plots located on it, real estate objects and other objects and phenomena.

The availability of such information is especially important for dynamically developing megalopolises, including Moscow. In recent years, in accordance with the general development plan, housing construction has been intensively carried out in the capital, reconstruction and capital repairs of the housing stock are being carried out, transport highways and engineering communications are being laid and reconstructed, measures for comprehensive improvement are being implemented, etc.

The implementation of mass construction, the adoption and approval of management decisions in the city would have been impossible without comprehensive engineering surveys, including engineering and geodetic, geological and environmental surveys, as well as aerial photography and cartographic work. It should be noted that the spatial data generated in the course of these actions are necessary for the successful implementation of all stages of design and construction.

On the territory of Moscow, a significant amount of work in the field of integrated engineering surveys is carried out by the State Unitary Enterprise "Mosgorgeotrest", which has been leading its history since 1944 and is part of the structure of the complex of urban planning policy and construction of Moscow

Below is described the experience of the enterprise in providing spatial data to executive authorities and city organizations within the framework of targeted city programs.

Basic geodetic network of Moscow
To solve almost all measuring tasks on the territory of the city, it is necessary to have a single coordinate space with sufficient accuracy.

In 2000, "Mosgorgeotrest", using its own sources of funding, began work on the inventory of the reference geodetic network of Moscow. As a result, it was revealed that almost a third of the items listed in the card index were lost due to the massive construction and the lack of an established order of preservation of the items at that time. The state of the network did not have the best effect on the quality and speed of topographic and geodetic works, including the production of large-scale engineering and topographic plans for design.

The enterprise has developed a target medium-term program of work to improve the basic geodetic network of the capital, calculated for 2004-2006, which was approved by the decree of the Moscow Government dated March 2, 2004 No. 115-PP. Specialists from MIIGAiK, TsNIIGAiK and MAGP also took part in the implementation of the program.

The network has now been fully restored and leveled. For its maintenance and further development, up to 120 characters are laid monthly. The city has adopted rules according to which builders are responsible for the destruction of signs. The unified geodetic reference network of the capital provides the necessary accuracy for all types of engineering surveys, topographic and geodetic, cartographic, land management and cadastral works.

The work performed has created the basis for the formation of a high-precision navigation field using global satellite positioning systems. Currently, the project is being implemented by the State Unitary Enterprise "Mosgorgeotrest" in a pilot mode (Fig. 1, 2).

Rice. 1.frame geodetic network of Moscow

Unified State Cartographic Framework for Moscow
Many city organizations create and develop their own information systems, which, as a rule, require a cartographic basis. Until 2001, the choice of cartographic materials was governed by the goals and financial capabilities of resource owners. As a result, when trying to obtain complex information from various databases, various kinds of inaccuracies and errors arose.

The Moscow government made a decision to create a unified state cartographic framework (EGCO) for the capital and to make it mandatory to use it in the formation of information systems in urban organizations (Decree of the Moscow Government dated January 19, 1999, No. 24). In 2001, a resource with a base scale of 1: 10,000 was put into commercial operation.

Currently, in accordance with the administrative documents of the city administration, a unified state cartographic base is supplied free of charge to 52 organizations, and the cycle of a complete renewal of the digital cartographic background (DSC) is four months.

The underground space of the city is saturated with various communications. Spatial data on the position of main engineering networks are of particular importance for solving urban planning problems. In this regard, in 2008, work began on the creation of a dedicated resource for the main engineering communications as part of the EGCO. Currently, the resource has been put into operation (Fig. 3, 4).

Remote sensing of the territory of Moscow
Rapid updating of cartographic materials would be impossible without the use of aerial and satellite imagery data. Therefore, the Government of Moscow adopted a decree of March 21, 2000 No. 198 "On approval of the regulation on the procedure for the formation and implementation of the annual city order for aerospace survey of the territory of Moscow, processing remote sensing data and maintaining a remote sensing data bank on the territory of Moscow" , and in the structure of the State Unitary Enterprise "Mosgorgeotrest" a remote sensing center was formed, which was entrusted with the coordination of work in this direction.

Within the framework of the adopted program, aerial photography of the urban area is carried out annually to create orthophotomaps at a scale of 1: 2000 (including for updating topographic plans of the corresponding scale) and satellite imagery materials are purchased to update the CCF EGKO and solve a number of profile tasks. Materials are donated to 20 city organizations.

Stereophotogrammetric processing of images allows you to obtain information about the heights of spatial objects and go to three-dimensional modeling of the urban area (Fig. 5-7).

Engineering-geological mapping of the territory of Moscow
Optimal use of the megalopolis territory is impossible without the development of underground space, which implies a comprehensive study of the structure of the geological environment and obtaining engineering and geological information. This led to the appearance of the order of the Moscow Government dated March 26, 2007 No. 518-RP "On the creation of thematic geological large-scale maps of the territory of the city of Moscow." The main working scale was chosen as 1:10 000, and the EGKO of Moscow was used as a cartographic basis.

The work was carried out by the State Unitary Enterprise "Mosgorgeotrest" together with the Institute of Geoecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences for three years and was completed in early 2010. As a result, 12 sets of engineering-geological maps were compiled (Fig. 8).

Work program for the development of a unified geoinformation space in Moscow for 2010–2012.
Taking into account the above, it can be stated that significant resources of spatial information have been accumulated in Moscow and a favorable opportunity has developed for their unification and the formation of derivative products.

On the basis of the Concept for the creation and development of spatial data infrastructure of the Russian Federation approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, the Concept of the mid-term city target program of work on the development of a unified geoinformation space of the city of Moscow for 2010-2012 was adopted by the Moscow Government Decree No. 619-PP dated June 30, 2009.

The concept defined a single geographic information space of the capital as a combination of spatial data arrays about the city's territory, presented in two-dimensional and three-dimensional views, covering ground, underground and above ground space, interconnected by a single coordinate basis, which allows to display and process spatial objects simultaneously from different data sets of any scale , including arrays of thematic data of various users.

On the basis of this concept, the Moscow Government Resolution No. 162-PP dated February 24, 2010 adopted the Medium-Term City Target Program of Work for the Development of a Single Geoinformation Space for the City of Moscow for 2010–2012.

The main objectives of the program are:
- geodetic and cartographic support (provision of services based on updated information resources of EGKO Moscow);
- providing the territory of the city with remote sensing data;
- creation of industry-specific cartographic thematic information resources on the basis of EGKO Moscow;
- providing three-dimensional spatial materials and data;
- creation of a basic regional system of navigation and geodetic support of the city based on GLONASS /
GPS (SNGO Moscow);
- engineering and geological support;
- regulatory, software and hardware;
- personnel and scientific information support.

As a result of the implementation of this program, the tasks of providing executive authorities, law enforcement and civil protection bodies, organizations of the capital, as well as its residents with complex spatial data about the city's territory, including underground space, remote sensing materials, engineering and geological data, and industry spatial resources will be solved. ...

In conclusion, it should be noted that the adoption of such a program became possible due to the constant attention of the executive and legislative authorities of the capital to the issues of providing urban organizations with spatial data. Almost 10 years of work on the collection, processing and dissemination of spatial data, carried out in accordance with the regulatory documents of the Moscow government, made it possible to make sure of the undoubted effectiveness of their use to solve managerial and production problems in the city.