What to hang a pendant lamp on. How to hang a chandelier on the ceiling - mounting options

As a rule, repair in the room ends with the installation of lighting devices on the ceiling. Despite the fact that tension systems and plasterboard suspended structures have gained wide popularity at present, the traditional method of finishing - puttying the ceiling base with its subsequent painting, still does not go out of fashion. Therefore, the question of how to hang a chandelier on a concrete ceiling is relevant for those who decide to carry out installation work on installing appliances on their own.

Ceiling chandelier mounting options

There are several ways to attach chandeliers to a concrete ceiling. If the installation of the chandelier on the ceiling is done by hand, you can choose one of the following options:

• special hook. On one side, it is inserted into a concrete base, and on the other side, into a suspension located on a lighting fixture;
• mounting plate, which is a curved strip of metal. It has two holes for attaching the product to the ceiling. At the same time, they are equipped with screws fixing the decorative cover;
• cruciform mounting plate. Used to hang a heavy chandelier.

Usually you don’t have to decide which way to fix the chandelier, since the technical data sheet for the device mentions a suitable option. The most important thing that will be required of you is to ensure high-quality and reliable fixation of the product.

On a note! Most modern chandeliers are mounted on mounting strips. For greater reliability, a couple of holes are made in the ceiling, where plastic chopsticks are hammered. Self-tapping screws are screwed into them.

Often, when installing a lighting device on your own, the question arises of how not to get confused in the wiring and connect the device correctly. Therefore, before attaching a chandelier to ceilings made of concrete or a surface finished in another way, it is necessary to check the phasing of the wires for it.

The neutral wire is always common, and the phase wires are connected to the lamps using switches.

Both zero and phase are checked with a phase indicator. In appearance, the device resembles a screwdriver. While working with the indicator, it must be clamped with the middle and index fingers of the right hand in a specially designated place. A safety cuff will protect the hand indicator from the sting.

When checking the phasing, the thumb is placed on a special metal terminal located on the end of the indicator handle, or on a special button if you have an electronic device, and the wire that is the object of the test is touched with a sting. If the wire under test turned out to be phase, the lamp will light up, or the display will be highlighted with a special symbol.

Important! It is forbidden to touch the wires with your hands during operation.

Before proceeding with the test, it is necessary to de-energize the electricity and unscrew the plugs. After that, strip the ends of the wires coming out of the ceiling from the protective coating, spread them apart, screw in the plugs, turn on the switch. In order to maintain safety during work, a rubber mat is placed under the stool from which the test will be performed. Then, using the indicator, one or two phase wires are found, depending on the type of switch. After that, the switch is turned off, the indicator is checked again, which should no longer glow.

If the device catches fire, then the switch is switched to a phase break, and the neutral wire for the unipolar switch is started up directly.

In principle, the work is not difficult, but if you have no experience with wiring and electricity, it is better to invite a professional to help.

We carry out dialing

Often there are situations when the lights go out in the room, while the bulbs in the lamp are in working condition. In this case, you have to resort to the “dialing” process, namely, to check the integrity of the electric current conductors and the correctness of their connection.

Another situation is when you need to hang a chandelier, and the wires that go to the terminal are made in the same color or do not meet marking standards.

A special tool with which wires are made is called a multimeter.

Before the dialing begins, you need to unscrew all the bulbs from the chandelier cartridges and the cartridges themselves. There are two contacts inside the light source:

• zero - on the side;
• phase - in the center.

The first probe coming from the multimer is installed on the side contact, the second touches the wires that come out of the lighting device. After the multimer emits a characteristic signal, the wire, the result of contact with which the sound became, is marked with a marker. It will be null.

The next step is the phase. The procedure will be the same as when searching for a neutral wire. The only difference is that the first probe must be installed on the central contact. The phase is also marked with a marker.

To find a ground wire for a chandelier, the body of which consists of metal, one probe of the multimer is placed on the part of the body that conducts current, and the second one in turn touches the bare ends of the wires or contacts on the connecting block. The wire, upon contact with which, the multimer will make a characteristic sound, will be grounding.

If a chandelier or lamp is equipped with several stages of lighting, and the wiring has only one phase wire, then all wires are connected to it by twisting.

As you can see, there is nothing complicated here, however, this stage is very important. Ignoring this procedure and incorrectly connecting devices can lead to wiring overload.

How to hang a chandelier on the ceiling: step by step instructions

There are two types of hooks designed for mounting a chandelier: with a regular thread and an anchor bolt. Anchor fastening is used for large-sized devices, the weight of which exceeds 5 kg.

For threaded fasteners, the procedure will be as follows:

• on the ceiling at the place of installation of the chandelier, drill a hole, insert a dowel into it;
• screw the hook into the dowel.

For anchoring in the ceiling, you will also need to drill a hole of the desired diameter, where to insert the anchor and tighten it until it stops. Now it remains to hang the ceiling chandelier. Hang it like this:

• insert a hook into the loop of the device;
• Press the decorative base as tightly as possible against the ceiling so that it completely covers the wires.

The main advantage of this method is its high reliability. All old chandeliers were fixed on the ceiling with a hook, since it was he who could withstand massive appliances.

Attaching the device to a mounting plate

You can attach the chandelier to the ceiling without a hook using a mounting plate. The work is carried out in several stages:

• if a hook was previously installed at the installation site of the device, it is cut down or dismantled, and the hole is sealed with putty;
• Next is the marking of the base. To do this, the mounting plate must be attached to the ceiling, mark through the holes in it;
• you will have to drill concrete with a hammer drill or drill. If a drill is used, a concrete drill will be needed;
• dowels are hammered into the holes, after which a mounting element is applied, which is fixed with self-tapping screws

Now it remains to fix the chandelier on the ceiling. Attach the decorative base of the device to the bracket and tighten the screws so that the lamp socket is fixed as tightly as possible.

Thus, installing a chandelier on a concrete ceiling is an easy process, but sometimes requires special tools needed for the job and outside help. Most importantly, observe safety precautions and ensure reliable fastening.

Related videos

Currently, chandeliers, in addition to their main task - to illuminate the room, also perform the function of an element of decor. Not only safety, but also the degree of illumination of the room and its interior depend on how correctly the installation of the chandelier is made.

In contact with

Classmates

Before you start installing a chandelier, you need to think about which model to choose, to estimate how it will be in harmony with the interior of the room. Since the assortment of this product in stores is quite wide, before buying, you need to familiarize yourself with the types of chandeliers and the materials from which it can be made.

Types of chandeliers

There are the following types of chandeliers:

• Ceiling (plafonds). These chandeliers are perfect for almost any room. Plafonds are usually presented in the form of a ball, square or cube, made of plastic or glass. Plafonds can be represented not only in various forms, but also in various colors.
• Hangers. Usually installed in the kitchen or in a large living room. Such chandeliers are attached to a cord, chain or string. Made from glass, fabric or plastic.
• Classic. It will look great in a spacious room with a high ceiling. Distinguished by their sophisticated and luxurious look. They are made of crystal, metal, glass, etc.

Types of fasteners for chandeliers

The question of how to hang a chandelier if its owner does not have special knowledge in electricity is asked by many. First you need to determine what type of fastener is present on the lighting fixture.

Hook for fastening

Usually, the type of fastener depends on the design of the chandelier and the materials from which it is made. The main types of fasteners are as follows:

1. wall;
2. Ceiling;
3. Embedded;
4. Mixed.

Ceiling fasteners are considered the most common and easy to install. The most difficult will be the installation of a chandelier with built-in and mixed fixtures.

Installation of a chandelier, regardless of the fasteners on which it will be attached, must be carried out according to certain rules:

• Before installing the device, the power supply must be switched off. This is the most important condition, since all actions aimed at installing a chandelier and working with wiring can be life-threatening.
• All bare wires and metal parts of fasteners must be insulated;
• When installing the chandelier directly, it is better to remove all the shades, in order to avoid their falling. In addition, it is much easier to install a chandelier without weighty elements than with them.

Standard ceiling mount

Tools required for installation

One person can hang a small chandelier, but there are models weighing 8-10 kg, in which case it is recommended to install the device together. During operation, the following tools may be needed:

• Stepladder, table or chair. You can use a nightstand or other securely fixed object that can support the weight of an adult;
• or , depending on the material on which the device will be mounted, as well as the thickness and strength of the walls or ceiling.
• Stationery knife, hammer, screwdrivers, screwdriver, electrical tape;
• , anchors, dowels, screws (depending on fastening).

How to hang a lighting fixture on the wall?

The wall mount is a metal fastener that can be easily mounted to almost any surface. To install the luminaire on a wall mount, you must:

• Attach the body of the lighting device to the wall;
• Mark on the wall the points where it will be necessary to make holes;
• Make holes using a drill or puncher;
• Attach the case to the wall;
• Through the terminal block, connect the device to the mains. The terminal block is located inside the luminaire and is a small case in which the contacts necessary for fastening wires and cables are located;
• Assemble the lamp and check its operation.

Preparing the wiring for the chandelier

How to hang a chandelier on a ceiling mount?

Before you hang a ceiling chandelier, you need to understand what type of fasteners it has. Usually, ceiling mounts are presented in two types:

1. In the form of a hook. A chandelier with such a mount will be hung on a hook, securely
2. screwed into the ceiling.
3. Plank-shaped. In this case, the bar is firmly mounted in the ceiling, and then a chandelier is attached to it.

Both fastener options are the most common, and their installation is quite simple and does not require special skills and abilities. Very often, the hook is mounted on the ceiling during the construction of the house.

Installing a chandelier on a ceiling hook

If the ceiling hook is not provided, then you can install it yourself as follows:

• Drill a hole;
• Screw a metal anchor into it;
• Screw the hook;
• Insulate the hook with electrical tape. This procedure is carried out for security purposes.
• Check for strength and hang the chandelier.

If the ceiling is wooden, you can use a self-tapping hook that is directly screwed into the ceiling.

The ceiling hook is considered the most reliable mount that can withstand even the heaviest lighting fixture.

Hole for a chandelier in a stretch ceiling

Installing a chandelier on a mounting plate

Before you hang the chandelier, you need to fix the bar. For this you need:

• Attach the bar and mark the place of its intended attachment;
• Make holes;
• Put dowels;
• Screw the bar with screws;
• After making sure that the wires are de-energized, connect the wires to the electrical wiring of the house;
• Hang the chandelier so that the decorative cap fits snugly against the ceiling surface.

If there is a hook at the installation site of the bar, it must be bent to the ceiling so that it does not interfere.

Cross bar mount

The cross bar, in fact, is a kind of mounting. Its advantage is that due to its larger coverage area and more holes for which it is attached to the ceiling, the cross plank holds massive chandeliers better. Thanks to these factors, it is a better holder than a regular plank.

Its installation is carried out according to the same rules as on a rectangular bar, with the only difference being that more holes will have to be drilled, usually four.

Hook fastening in a hole

Installation of a chandelier on a false or stretch ceiling

The scheme for connecting a chandelier to a plasterboard ceiling is slightly different from mounting it to a regular ceiling. If it is necessary to fix a heavy chandelier on a hook, then a small hole is made in the drywall through which the hook will be mounted into the concrete surface. This is not difficult to do with a special nozzle for, for example, wood crowns. It is impossible to mount the hook directly on suspended or stretch ceilings.

If a small device is attached with a strap, then installation can be done using plastic or metal fasteners on the drywall sheet itself.

Features of installation on a false or stretch ceiling

It is better to take care of the fixture for the chandelier before the tension of the new ceiling, so it is very difficult to make a high-quality installation of the lighting device on such a ceiling, especially if the chandelier is supposed to be installed independently. The fact is that when creating a hole in a stretch ceiling, the fabric or film begins to spread over time.

For a chandelier installed on such a ceiling, only LED lamps are suitable, since stains appear on the ceiling from ordinary light bulbs.

Installed chandelier on a stretch ceiling

Is it worth doing the installation yourself?

Should I call an electrician or can I hang the chandelier with my own hands? This question is the most relevant for owners of a new lighting fixture. In general, following the instructions, anyone can hang a chandelier on their own. An important condition is the observance of safety regulations and the de-energization of electricity during the work performed. If the chandelier is large in size or weight, then it is better to do the installation with two people.

Fixing a chandelier to the ceiling

When buying a new chandelier, the issue of its correct and reliable fastening to the ceiling surface, as well as a safe and correct connection to the home's electrical network, becomes relevant. You can do this without outside help, so arm yourself with the necessary installation tool, read our instructions and proceed with the installation.

This article will discuss how to fix the chandelier to the ceiling with your own hands.

Fixing the chandelier with a mounting plate

As a rule, chandeliers are of two types:

• Equipped with mounting bracket. The bar is mounted on the ceiling, and then the chandelier is attached directly to it.
• Mounted on a ceiling hook screwed securely into the ceiling. We will try to cover in more detail how to attach a chandelier to a ceiling surface using each of these methods.

Advice! Before mounting the chandelier to the ceiling, remove the shades and other decorative elements of the chandelier. This will protect them from accidental damage, reduce the weight of the chandelier and make installation more convenient.

Mounting the mounting plate

Fixing the ceiling chandelier begins with mounting the mounting plate to the surface:

1. To begin with, try on the chandelier to the place where its future fasteners are supposed. The decorative element of the chandelier, covering the place of attachment and wires, must fit snugly, without gaps and play, against the ceiling.
2. If there is a hook from an old lamp at the installation site, it is bent to the ceiling so that it does not interfere. Cutting off the old hook is not recommended, because your next chandelier may be attached with it, and you will need to re-mount this type of fastener, which is impractical.
3. Perform markings for fastening the mounting plate and install fasteners for the chandelier on the surface. To do this, the bar is applied to the ceiling in such a way that it does not interfere with the wiring connection, and with a pencil mark the place of attachment. Next, holes are drilled and dowels are driven into them. Then fasten the bar to the ceiling using screws.(read on).

Wiring connection

Before attaching the chandelier to the ceiling surface, it is necessary to connect the power wires provided in it to the power system of the house. Before connecting the chandelier, it is imperative to de-energize the home wiring and make sure that there is no voltage using the indicator.

The rules for connecting a chandelier to the mains are as follows:

• In the presence of a single-gang switch, the ceiling wiring under the chandelier usually consists of two or three wires - phase, zero, and optionally a ground wire. The presence of a ground wire often depends on the time the house was built - in Soviet times, such a wire was provided extremely rarely.
• It is necessary to determine the purpose of each wire, both among the ceiling and among those available in the chandelier. The phase wire is usually hidden in black, brown or red insulation, the neutral wire is in blue, and the ground wire is in yellow-green.

• Regardless of the presence of colored or other markings on the wires in the ceiling, they should be tested with an indicator screwdriver. To do this, you need to turn on the power supply for a while. You should alternately touch the bare part of the wires and fix the indicator indicator. The lit indicator will point to the phase wire, if the indicator does not light up, then the wire is zero.

Advice! Do not forget to press the light on switch on the switch before checking the wires with an indicator.

• Wires of the same type are connected through the terminals, and if there is a “no pair” wire (grounding), it is isolated and pushed aside. After that, you can continue to further mount the chandelier to the ceiling.
• A two-gang switch assumes the presence of two-phase wires in the ceiling (see). Their connection is carried out, respectively, to the phase wires of the chandelier of the 1st and 2nd groups (if any). Zero and ground wire are connected in the same way as in the first case.

Fixing the chandelier to the mounting plate

You can do this in the following way:

1. The closing decorative element of the chandelier is attached to the bar and their connecting holes are compared.
2. Screw decorative nuts into the holes, thereby attaching the lighting fixture to the ceiling completely.
3. Mount lamps, shades and other decorative elements in their original place.

Fixing the chandelier to the ceiling surface in this way can be considered finished.

Fixing a chandelier with a ceiling hook

Such a fixture for a ceiling chandelier, like a hook, is often installed at the stage of building a house, and if you have one, you should check it for strength. Checking the hook is to try to tear it off. To do this, you can pull or hang a load for it, comparable in mass or exceeding the weight of the chandelier, and let it hang for a while.

If the hook is fixed "tightly", you can mount the chandelier to the concrete ceiling.

If it fell out or is simply not provided for on the ceiling, you will need to mount it yourself:

1. Drill a hole under it.
2. Prepare and screw a metal anchor into the hole. It must be selected with such a diameter that it fits snugly against the walls of the hole during the screwing process.
3. For installation in a wooden ceiling, you can use a self-tapping hook.
4. When mounting the chandelier on a plasterboard ceiling, the hook must be attached to the ceiling. The distance between the main and plasterboard ceilings is bridged by hanging a chain on a hook equal to the length of the gap between the ceilings. It is to the chain that the ceiling chandelier is attached later.

Advice! For safety reasons, the metal hook must be carefully insulated.

We can assume that we figured out how to mount chandeliers of various types. We hope that our instructions turned out to be understandable, and with an eye on it, you will be able to install the chandelier with your own hands without any problems.

For those who have not fully understood all the intricacies of the installation process, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the video presented on our portal - how to fix the chandelier to the ceiling.

A chandelier is not just an ordinary lighting device, which is an attribute of any interior. It also serves as an additional decorative element. Fashion does not stand still, in order to please it, it is often necessary to change the chandelier when repairing or changing the situation. However, it is not necessary to resort to the help of outsiders, you can hang the lamp from the ceiling yourself, the main thing is to follow the algorithm of work.
And even if you never happen to fix the lamp to the ceiling yourself, it will not be superfluous to at least just know how to do it right in order to be able to control the work of employees. Therefore, let's figure out how to hang a chandelier so that it is reliable and safe.

Basics

Initially, the installation of the chandelier begins with an inspection of the existing mounting system.
According to the type of fastening, three methods of suspension are distinguished - they are used most often (meaning specifically for chandeliers).

• fastening on powerful hooks built into the ceiling.
• suspension bracket.
• platform mounting

Attachment installation

The first option is most suitable for massive lamps that have a leg or are suspended on chains (or wires) of different lengths. The hook is able to withstand constant, substantial loads. It used to be always built in by default - even at the stage of laying floor slabs. Today, builders do not always do this.
Modern models of lamps are usually made of lightweight materials, and it is not at all necessary to make powerful fasteners for them. In addition, usually the hook is located clearly in the center of the room, and designers often shift the visual center or zone the space with the help of lighting. And then what to do with the ugly hook tightly built into the ceiling?
Therefore, in the buildings of the new model, the new settlers, at their discretion, plan the location of the chandelier, shifting it in the right direction. For hanging the luminaire, a simple and reliable mounting plate is used (shown in the second photo), which successfully copes with light loads. This mounting option allows the use of flat lamp models, which, as planned, should fit snugly against the ceiling. Such systems can be mounted on suspended ceiling structures.
The latter type is used on hollow stretch and plasterboard ceilings. By themselves, these materials are not strong and stable, so the holder (in the form of a wooden block, for example) is attached directly to the concrete floor. And then a lamp is hung to it, flush with the hanging surface.
Holder profiles must be strictly parallel so that there is no increased load on any one side. The only exception is a significant difference in the planes of the ceiling, when you need to level the platform using hangers of different heights.

Work safety

During operation, you need to remember three main rules: adhere to the basics of safety, observe the polarity when connecting wires and use a secure mount. These prescriptions, like three whales, must be strictly observed.
In addition, in order to correctly (and without health consequences) install a ceiling lamp, remember the recommendations below.

The most important thing is to ensure absolute safety of work. This means that it is necessary to replace the lamp during the day in order to be able to completely de-energize the apartment throughout the entire installation period.

Even if the circuit is de-energized, be sure to check it with a special tester screwdriver with a built-in light bulb. Sometimes the residual voltage can hit very hard.

Always de-energize and test the lighting circuit when hanging fixtures from the ceiling. Mounting chandeliers is work at height, so even a slight electric shock is enough to cause a more serious injury when falling from a stepladder.

New chandelier and old wiring

You need to be especially careful if your wiring is old and made of aluminum wire. Ideally, it should be completely replaced by copper, with a large cross section. This is absolutely justified, since much lower rated loads were previously laid on the chain. Therefore, it would be right to expand its throughput. If it is not possible to change the wiring, then protect yourself as much as possible by following our recommendations.
Remember - in no case do not directly connect the copper wires of the chandelier with a thick aluminum wiring cable. In close contact, both substances react, and as a result of corrosion, there is a real threat of a short circuit, and, as a result, a fire.
Therefore, put insulating solder on the copper wires, and only then screw them to the aluminum ones. In this way, all three wires are processed, to be sure, additionally solder all the joints (especially if the chandelier is installed in wet rooms, such as a bathroom). And it is better to use special clamping terminals that provide a safe and reliable connection. Models of their mass and the cost is very small.
Do not be lazy to make grounding, both for the lamp itself and for the switch. This will minimize the risk of electric shock if the neighbors suddenly flood you.

We will analyze the features of installation in rooms with different starting conditions in order to perform the installation correctly. We give three main types of ceilings: concrete, stretch and plasterboard.

concrete ceilings

chandelier hook

The most common option for attaching chandeliers to concrete surfaces is conventional hooks. If you don’t have a hook, or after a long time it has become unreliable, it’s better to play it safe and change it, strengthening the structure properly.
To do this, you will have to re-embroider the seams between the plates, going a little to the sides. A strong metal plate (or pin) is inserted into the resulting opening - it is much easier to do this if the floors are hollow. For damp rooms, it will not be superfluous to treat the plate with any enamel paint, then it will be less susceptible to corrosion.

Then the hook itself clings to the plate. The result is a reliable system that can withstand heavy loads.
A solid concrete base allows you to use the other two methods of fastening, if suddenly there is a need for this.

Stretch ceiling

Many inexperienced craftsmen often have a question - how to hang a chandelier on a stretch surface (canvas or PVC film)?
In fact, if you have a stretch ceiling installed in your room, you can mount the chandelier in the manner described above. With the only amendment that you need to hang the lamp away from the canvas, so that the heated lamps do not touch the flasks to its surface. However, most often installers resort to the third type of fastening - with the build-up of the platform.
In order to attach the chandelier at the same level with the canvas, you will need to make a solid frame. It can be a simple wooden block, set flush with the film surface. A mounting plate is screwed onto it with self-tapping screws. The fastening of all elements of the base must be rigid so that the vibrations of the tension film do not cause the luminaire to chatter.

Chandelier fixture

In addition, special spacers are installed on both sides of the stretch film, which reinforce the perforation site. They do not allow the web to stretch under its own weight, and also act as a thermal insulating layer that protects the web from heat. They look like rings. The one that needs to be fixed from the outside is usually transparent, and it is not at all visible behind the decorative overlay of the chandelier.

Stretch ceiling preparation

The wires must also be well insulated at the junctions. And it is better to use special clamping terminals that connect and seal the joints with high quality.

Plasterboard ceilings

You can attach a chandelier to a plasterboard ceiling using the same technology as on a stretch ceiling. The second type of fastening is also used - if you plan to install a heavy chandelier. Then a bar of a suitable size is used. It is attached to the ceiling with a special collet stud. It allows you to significantly enhance the potential of the design.

Drywall fastener

A mounting plate is screwed to the base, and almost any chandelier can already be safely attached to it.

Low ceilings and other nuances

Usually, the larger the room, the larger pendant lights you can install. And they weigh a lot, and in fact they pose a real danger to residents - in the event of an unforeseen break in the fasteners and a fall.
Depending on the type of chandeliers, there are some features of fastening. For example, traditional hooks are not suitable for hanging flat luminaire models that do not have a rod. Therefore, if you have low ceilings, and you want to smooth out this drawback with a flat lamp, you will have to redo the mounting base. Change the massive hook to a flat bar. If the chandelier is small and light, it is enough to mount it on aluminum ceiling hangers.
A massive and heavy chandelier should definitely be hung on a thick steel hook, deeply “embedded” in the ceiling. Today you can buy a special, very convenient and practical hook. It is equipped with spacer bars that open during installation - like butterfly wings, and do not allow the mount to hang out and fall out.
After installing such a hook, the hole surrounding it must be primed and cemented. Wait at least a day for the mixture to set. As a result, such a mount will be able to withstand even a heavy chandelier.

Chandelier fixture

Please note that the wiring is not attached to the hook. A special chandelier holder is hung on it, and the cables are freely, without tension, located next to or around.

Scheme

Another important point in installing a ceiling light is to connect the wires correctly. Typically, lighting systems use three wires: phase, ground and zero.
It’s great if they differ in the color of the insulation - then you don’t have to guess which one is which.
The “phase” has brown (or black) insulation, grounding can be identified by the yellow braid, and “zero”, as a rule, is blue. In high-quality models of chandeliers, the wires are always marked in different colors so that there is no need to “ring out” where the phase is, where is zero. Then your task is to connect the wiring to the cables of the lamp - by color.
If all three cables look the same, you will have to empirically determine where the “phase” is located. It can be identified by bringing an indicator screwdriver in turn to each wire. When the light comes on, this cable is the “phase”. Although this popular method is far from safe, it is better to use a special tester. To avoid confusion, mark the cables with a multi-colored marker or electrical tape.

When it is planned to install a luminaire with the simplest control, a single-gang switch is enough. The assembly diagram of the lighting circuit is as follows:

Single switch

If you want to be able to turn on each lamp individually (or all together) - put a two-gang switch. Then the connection diagram will look like this (for example, a chandelier with three light bulbs is taken).

double switch

By analogy, a three-button switch is installed.
Before twisting (or terminal connection), strip 3-4 cm of wire from insulation. Do this carefully so as not to damage individual wires. It is better to use a special tool for stripping insulation.
Now you can connect the lamp, it will be correct to first connect the “zero”, and then the “phase”. If you have three wires in the circuit (that is, an additional ground is laid) - then the corresponding cables with yellow insulation are also simply connected in pairs.

In specialized stores or departments of shopping centers, a huge selection of modern lighting devices is presented, which differ in both the method of attachment and design. There are reliable options for how to hang a chandelier on a concrete ceiling, which it is advisable to find out about before buying it.

Variety of fixtures for lighting equipment

Previously, the lamps were of the same type and they were fixed in a standard way - they hung them on a hook and connected the wires by twisting. But for modern lighting devices, the design is different, ranging from shades that fit snugly to the surface, and to chandeliers located on a long rod with a large number of horns. At the same time, their weight and the load they exert on the ceiling also differ greatly.

There are several ways to hang a lamp from the ceiling:

• using a hook attached to the base base and hanging on the lighting device;
• using a mounting plate in the form of a curved metal strip with two holes for fixing to the ceiling and fixed screws and studs for installing the ceiling;
• using a cruciform mounting product for massive luminaires, which has a different number of points for fixing.

The methods of attaching a chandelier or other lighting device to the ceiling, as a rule, are not chosen, since this depends on the particular lamp and is described in the data sheet for it. But the strength and reliability of the result depends on how well such work is done.

Wires for electrical wiring

In older buildings, color-coded modern wiring is rare. Usually, a few wires with standard insulation are visible from a hole in the floor.

If the wiring is new and was carried out in accordance with the PUE standards, then the color of the wires in the cable is different. According to it, their purpose is easily determined. For inexpensive lighting fixtures and old-style chandeliers, the wires often have the same color; they need to ring to make the connection.

In modern devices, all color-coded outgoing wires are assembled on a block, and the sequence of actions on how to hang a ceiling lamp is described in detail in the passport attached to it.

Color marking, depending on the purpose of the wire, is made according to specific rules and therefore it can be quite easily determined:

1. Phase. Usually it is black, white, brown wires. There are other colors, if they do not indicate a ground or neutral wire.
2. Zero. Color blue or blue.
3. Grounding. The color is yellow plus a green stripe.

Before you mount a chandelier on the ceiling, you need to know the purpose of each wiring from those that are in the lamp and in the wiring. If the lighting device is new, like the wiring, then the connection will pass without problems. To do this, it will be enough to connect elements with a similar marking on the block.

When it is impossible to determine the purpose of the wires, focusing on their color, this is done using special devices. The main thing is to remember the safety rules and strictly follow the instructions.

Phasing

In case there is no color marking on the wires, an electrical device is required to recognize them. It is called a phase indicator and shows its presence at the end of the wire. It has an external resemblance to a screwdriver.

Such a device consists of several parts, which are:

• housing made of insulating material;
• metal conductive sting;
• depending on the model, electronic display or signal LED;
• button or metal terminal.

Using an indicator screwdriver, the presence of voltage is determined as follows: it is held with the right hand between the thumb and middle fingers, and the index finger is placed on the metal terminal.

It is necessary to touch all the wires with a sting in turn. When contact with a phase conductor with voltage is made, the corresponding icon will appear on the display or the LED will light up. The phase search using the indicator is performed exclusively with one hand.

Do not touch the indicator screwdriver or wire insulation with the other hand. The fact is that in the event of an insulation breakdown, an electric shock occurs, and when it passes from one hand to the other, there is a high probability of a sudden contraction of the heart muscle.

Phasing is done step by step:

1. First of all, they de-energize the room, for which it is enough to unscrew the plugs or turn off the machine in the shield. In addition, turn off the switch that goes to the lamp. The old device is removed, and if this was done earlier and its ends are already insulated, they are freed from the insulating tape. Using an indicator screwdriver, make sure in turn that there is no phase on each wire. If necessary, strip the insulation so as to release about one centimeter of the metal core. The wires should be spread apart - they should not touch each other.
2. Turn on the machine on the shield, as well as the lamp switch. An indicator screwdriver is touched to the bare part of the cores in order to determine the phase and neutral wire. To make it convenient, a mark is made on the neutral conductor with a marker, a piece of electrical tape, or it is bent. When three wires are removed from the ceiling, and a two-key switch is located on the wall, first of all, both keys are turned on, the zero and two phase wires are found and marked. Then one of the keys is turned off to see that there is no phase on one wire. Then turn off the second key to make sure that there is no voltage on the other wire. In this case, you can connect the chandelier according to a two-stage scheme. If there is no indicator, a multimeter is used instead, for which it is switched to the AC voltage measurement mode.
3. At the next stage, they are looking for a place where wiring is laid in the ceiling. They do this so as not to damage the wires when the strap is attached to accommodate the chandelier. For a non-contact method of determining the phase, an electronic indicator is required. They hold it in their hand, turn on the switch and begin to drive it at a small distance from the ceiling in the place where the plank is planned to be fixed. When a phase wire is found, a phase sign will appear on the display. Several times the device is carried back and forth, outlining the boundaries where it detects the phase. As a result, the location of the cable is determined, which means the place where it should not be drilled. Turn off the switch and the machine. Then proceed to the next stage of preparation.

The process of ringing lighting devices

If the wires brought to the terminal have one color or the marking does not meet the standard, before hanging the lamp on the ceiling, they must be called using a multimeter, for which the device is set to the appropriate mode.

Before starting the process, light bulbs are unscrewed from the chandelier, and then proceed as follows:

1. When the lamp contains metal conductive elements, and there are three or more wires, one of them may be grounding. To find out, one multimeter probe is placed on the conductive part of the case, and the other is touched to the bare end of each wire or to the contacts of the connecting block. The sound that appears indicates that a ground wire has been found.
2. To determine the neutral wire, one of the probes is placed on the side contact of any of the lamp sockets. Unmarked wires are touched until the sound appears and a mark is made on the neutral wire, the rest will be phase.
3. In multi-track chandeliers with two stages of lighting, cartridges are connected to all phase wires - one or more. If it is necessary to correlate them with the key on the switch, they do this: the probe is attached to the phase wire and sequentially touches the central contacts on the bottom of the cartridges. Cartridges connected to this wire are detected according to the sound signal. Do the same with the second phase wire.

When there is one phase wire and several stages of lighting in the luminaire wiring, all cartridges should be connected to it. In this case, the phase wires coming from the chandelier are combined with a twist or a jumper on the block. When the preparation of the electrical wiring and the lighting device is completed, they begin to mount it on the ceiling.

Installation instructions for the lamp - how to hang the chandelier correctly

Before you hang the ceiling chandelier, complete the finishing of the ceiling. When the hole in it, from which the wires depart, exceeds the dimensions of the lamp bowl, it is sealed with putty with gypsum, cleaned and painted to match the finish.

You will need the following tools, materials and equipment:

• ladder;
• indicator screwdriver and multimeter;
• drill or perforator;
• a hammer;
• pliers and screwdrivers with insulated handles;
• mounting knife designed for stripping wires;
• anchors, dowels, screws;
• insulating tape;
• terminals or PPE caps.

If, before hanging the chandelier on the ceiling, it is found that the length of the wires does not allow them to be fixed in the terminals without tension, then they need to be increased. It is forbidden to twist copper and aluminum wires, as they will quickly become covered with a green coating, resulting in poor contact. Due to constant heating, the insulation will melt, which will result in a short circuit. Therefore, they are connected by a terminal block.

Installing a chandelier on a ceiling hook

The chandelier is mounted on a hook when it has a significant weight and a long rod. Such lamps have a special loop, which is then covered with a decorative bowl or glass.

When the chandelier is attached to the ceiling, the hook can already be built into the ceiling or it needs to be installed. The process of hanging the lamp is simple, and the installation of the hook deserves attention. For chandeliers weighing up to 5 kilograms, you can use a simple hook plus a plastic dowel.

For mounting heavy fixtures, use hooks on anchors that are firmly fixed in concrete. They are designed to withstand heavy loads. The hook, before hanging the chandelier to the ceiling, must be tried on to the bowl, since it must fit completely in it with the connecting block.

Mounting the lighting device on the hook is performed in a certain sequence:

1. Turn off the switch, turn off the machine and unscrew the plugs. Determine the place where the hook will be located. It is necessary to ensure that there is no wiring there, since if it is damaged, it will be necessary to shift the wires.
2. The place for fixing the hook is marked with a marker. It must be located close to the wiring.
3. A hole of a certain depth and diameter is drilled in the ceiling using a drill or puncher. Then an anchor is driven into it or a dowel is placed, and then the hook is twisted.
4. Before hanging a ceiling chandelier, light bulbs and fragile parts are removed from it to prevent them from breaking. It is hung on a hook, and the wires are attached to the block. If it is not there, then it is permissible to make a twisted connection or using PPE caps. Isolate the ground wires.
5. Wires are laid inside the bowl and then it is fixed so that a minimum gap remains between its edge and the overlap. To install the bowl on the rod, as a rule, they use a sealing gasket made of plastic or rubber, or a small screw.
6. Then you need to hang the lamp on the ceiling in the chandelier and put on the shades. At the end of the work on the shield, turn on the machine and the switch in the room to make sure that the installed lamp is working.

Fixing to a concrete ceiling with a mounting plate

There is a way to hang a ceiling chandelier without a hook, which allows you to mount it on a special bar or bracket. This option is usually used for fixtures adjacent to the ceiling surface, and in some cases for chandeliers with a rod.

The mounting process consists of the following steps:

• plank installation;
• installation of a chandelier or ceiling lamp on it.

As in the hook version, before hanging a chandelier from the ceiling without a hook, you need to turn off the power supply in the entire apartment or house. If the lamp is planned to be mounted in a place where there is a hook, then it should be unscrewed, and when this is not possible, then it can be bent or cut down. The hole that appears in the ceiling is sealed with putty.

The process of how to hang a chandelier without a hook consists of the following steps:

1. The lighting device is dismantled, the mounting plate is unscrewed from it, the breakable parts are removed and the light bulbs are unscrewed. The screws on the bar for fixing the shades are firmly tightened onto the lock nuts, otherwise it will be problematic to fix the lamp.
2. Apply a bar to the ceiling surface and mark this place with a marker. It must be placed away from the cable. In the overlap with an impact drill (perforator), holes of the required depth are made and dowels are placed in them. The plank is screwed to the ceiling with screws. Additionally, the dowels are fixed with cement-based glue.
3. Before screwing a chandelier or ceiling lamp to the ceiling, the holes in the ceiling are aligned with the screws on the bar and the nuts are fixed by making several turns.
4. The wires coming from the ceiling surface are connected to the lamp block, and then the nuts are finally tightened and the device is mounted. If the screws are not long enough and it is not possible to connect the wiring while hanging the device, the help of a partner will be required to support it before mounting. You can also use a strong nylon cord, on which the chandelier is temporarily suspended from the bar.
5. The plafonds are put in place and the lamps are screwed in. Then check the functioning of the lamp using the switch.

The chandelier is attached to the cruciform bar in the same way, only there will be four places for fixing to the ceiling, and if it is massive, then eight.

If you are not sure about your own electrical installation abilities, it is better to entrust the connection of lighting fixtures to professionals, since incorrect actions may result in damage to the wiring or lamp, which will void the warranty for it.