DIY furniture made of furniture board, wood and chipboard. How cabinet furniture is arranged: furniture materials and components

Making your own cabinet will help not only save money, but also get a piece of furniture that will match the interior of the room and personal preferences.

Particleboard is common and inexpensive. In addition, it allows you to adapt to any color scheme, so experience with it will come in handy many times.

So let's get started!

Schemes and drawings

The first priority is to decide where the cabinet will be. Take into account the width, height, depth of the product, the location of the shelves and other design features. It is necessary to think over the purpose of the piece of furniture.

reference... Each product has its own characteristic features. For example, chipboard wardrobes for clothes are equipped with sections for storing wardrobe items, drawers.

There are various types of cabinets:

swing;
sliding;
coupe.

For small rooms, the last two options are ideal. The freestanding cabinet cabinet is suitable for different rooms. It can be disassembled and carried anywhere. Built-in wardrobes have a significant disadvantage: attachment to one place.

Before drawing up a drawing, they plan the structure, calculate the dimensions of the product based on the parameters of the room. The drawing is made according to pre-planned plans and schemes. You can use special computer programs.

The layout displays:

parameters, number and location of shelves;
dimensions of pull-out elements;
the depth and height of the shelves, the order of their placement;
the dimensions of the bottom of the cabinet.

Attention! All data must be clear. The final result depends on how accurately the drawing of the product is made. Sawing of materials is carried out by transferring the drawing to the chipboard.

Materials and fittings

When choosing a chipboard, it is advisable to pay attention not only to the marking, but also to the manufacturer. Raw materials of German and Austrian manufacturers are considered to be of high quality. There are two types of chipboard on sale: E1 and E2. The first option is the most eco-friendly... Chipboards are available with laminated or unsanded surfaces.

Before sawing, you need to purchase fittings. It should be in the same style with the future product.

To perform work on the manufacture of a chipboard cabinet, you will need:

self-tapping screws for wood;
plastic plugs to match the color of the material;
guides;
handles, hooks and other accessories.

To hide roughness on open elements of the product, you will need end furniture decorative tape.

Instruments

Before installation, it is necessary to check again the correctness of the drawings and the availability of materials. To make a chipboard cabinet at home, you need a whole set instruments:

circular saw or electric jigsaw;
wood drills and drill;
screwdriver;
Phillips and flat screwdrivers;
roulette;
screws and dowels;
hammer;
level;
puncher;
Ruler and pencil;
hacksaw for wood and metal.

Before assembling the product, the wood-shaving sheets are cut: parts are cut out according to the designed drawings. The workpieces are laid out so that the rip cuts are along their entire length.

Attention! If it is not possible to cut the chipboard sheets on your own due to the lack of skills or the necessary tools, it is better to contact a carpentry workshop.

An edge is glued to the ends of the prepared parts with an iron. It is included on ¾ from maximum power, applied to the tape and passed over it several times. To make the edge pressed more tightly, iron it with a dry cloth.

How to do it?

Work begins with the assembly of the product frame. Assemble the frame under the bottom. Legs are not needed for the wardrobe... In other cases, plastic fixtures are used for adjustment. The assembly is carried out in a specific order:

Using a drill, holes are prepared for docking joints, observing their accuracy and symmetry. Holes for shelves, partitions, hangers are also taken into account.
Connect the bottom, sides and top of the product using screws and a screwdriver. First, put the bottom of the cabinet and, in turn, fix the side walls. The upper partition is laid on the U-shaped structure.
The installation of supports for shelves, hooks, furniture boxes and other elements is carried out at the base of the cabinet. A level is used to check the correct installation. The opposite mountings must be horizontal.

At the final stage, the door mechanism is fixed. For sliding cabinets, the guides are fixed from the bottom and from the top. For swing systems, door hinges are screwed on the sides. Upon completion of the work, the installation of accessories is performed: hooks, crossbars, handles.

Decorating

Before implementing the plan for decorative finishing, you need to clearly decide on the style of the new piece of furniture, determine the way it will be clad. There are several techniques for decorating chipboard cabinets. Consider painting and wrapping.

Paint

The most reliable and thorough finishing method is painting. It is very easy to implement and inexpensive. Chipboards are treated with acrylic, alkyd, aerosol or ordinary paint on wood.

Reference. Acrylic spray paint lays on the surface better than usual. The treated surfaces are uniformly colored and smooth.

Chipboard coloring is carried out in stages:

Level and dedust the work surface.
Degrease and apply a primer.
Existing chips are filled with putty and rubbed.
Apply one or two more layers of primer.
The surfaces are painted with the selected paint.

You can decorate the wardrobe with a stencil with fancy multi-colored or monochromatic patterns and symbols.

Cover with foil

Self-adhesive foil will add originality and style to the wardrobe. The film must harmoniously fit into the interior design. But such a coating will not last long.

To complete the work you will need:

primer;
solvent;
soft tissue;
knife and scissors;
roller;
sanding paper.

Chipboard foil is glued according to a given algorithm:

Measurements.
Cutting the material in the required amount for surface decoration.
Removing the protective layer from the film.
Pasting the furniture panel with a prepared cut.

Important! In the process of using a self-adhesive film, the surface of the product is treated with a primer to improve the adhesion of both planes.

To avoid creases, the plane is smoothed roller... Start from the edge where the material is applied.

For processing large areas, you can use a different method of wrapping with foil. It is based on a solution of water and soap. Remove the protective layer from the material and place it on the floor. Spray apply a soap solution to the adhesive layer of the film and apply to the surface. If you wish, you can do the gluing with a film together with painting.

Upon completion of the work, the final design of the cabinet is carried out - they install mirrors, equip lighting and other functional elements.

Useful video

Conclusion

Thus, a do-it-yourself chipboard wardrobe will become a unique element in interior design. With the right approach, the product will be durable and stable. And the cost will be much lower than the prices for similar models of chipboard cabinets in stores.

In contact with

The kitchen set is considered one of the simplest types of furniture in a hand-made assembly for inexperienced craftsmen.

The furnishings for the rest room and the hall, as a rule, need a professional approach, the use of extraordinary materials.

Today we'll talk about how to assemble furniture with your own hands.

The use of chipboard as the main building material

Today, natural massif in its pure form is almost impossible to find in a setting. After all, sets made of natural wood are considered expensive and quite elite pieces of furniture. Therefore, the array is replaced with an affordable material such as chipboard.

In most cases, these boards are up to 16 mm thick. Thicker sheets are also sold. The material is cut on machines.

You can work at home using an electric jigsaw, but irregularities and chips cannot be avoided. After all, it is almost impossible to cut off the chipboard at home with exactly a jigsaw.

Edges

One of the weak points of this material is the saw cut, since it is through it that moisture passes inside the easiest way. In this regard, due to poor-quality protection, swelling of the ends is not excluded. Therefore, it is preferable to cover the ends with edges, as in the photo of the furniture, which is made by hand below.

There are several types of edges on the modern market:

Melamine. It is the most affordable edge with excellent quality in the price category. It can be glued by yourself using an ordinary iron.
PVC is an excellent choice of edging. Its gluing is available exclusively on the machine.
ABS edge similar to PVC edge, but only made from natural material.

Facades

The front part and doors of the furnishings, including do-it-yourself garden furniture, are made of the best quality material.

The facade is considered a separate piece of furniture and, as a rule, is made to order.

In case the facades have unusual shapes, they can be produced over an extended period of time.

Types of facades

Since the main function of the front part is decorative, it is accordingly offered in a wide variety. The facade differs in material, as well as externally.

Laminated MDF is a pressed and moisture-resistant material. Usually the surface is processed to look like a natural solid wood.

However, even with the most durable film, after a certain period of time, the edges crack and also come off. The main advantage of such a material is the affordable cost and speed of production.

In addition to deaf-type facades, there are options for a curly look under a stained-glass window. The glass part is fixed on a special plate.

Wood facades will appeal to lovers of natural materials, but their cost is quite high. In addition, environmental friendliness is also controversial.

Note!

Painted front part under enamel. It has a significant disadvantage - chips and deformations often appear on the surface.

It was once exploited because of its attractive catchy shade, but with the advent of shiny plastic, everything changed radically.

Glass fronts made of aluminum are suitable for high-tech kitchen spaces. They look fashionable, but they are quite problematic in production and installation. Unusual fittings are used for fastening.

Boxes

There are many methods of making headset boxes, as well as DIY pallet furniture. One of the simplest is considered to be assembly along the perimeter using chipboard.

If it is necessary to create an original facade, it must be screwed overlay onto the frame main part from the inside.

In addition, the facade is often attached to eccentrics in the form of one of the drawer walls. In this case, the main task is not to assemble the necessary box, but to correctly fix it.

Note!

Doors

There is a built-in wardrobe and a free-standing one. Internal filling is at the discretion of the owner, it is possible to carry out the restoration of furniture with your own hands.

The main element of each cabinet is a sliding door leaf. It is not recommended to save on this part, it is important to purchase good quality fittings.

Basically, the wardrobe is equipped with several doors, consisting of a frame into which decorative elements are inserted. Door leaves can be assembled from several materials, separated by an aluminum profile.

The movement of the canvases is carried out along special guides, which are installed with your own hands, just as furniture is created from cardboard with your own hands.

Conclusion

If we approach the issue of creating and installing pieces of furniture with all responsibility, then the furnishings will turn out to be not only high-quality, but also affordable, differ in exclusivity and peculiarity.

DIY furniture photo

Note!

If you started building furniture from chipboard, then sooner or later you will surely face the problem of recycling unused remnants of chipboard. After all, few cabinet can boast that its cutting fits exactly on the sheet - there are always scraps, sometimes rather big ones.

Over time, they accumulate in the garage, cluttering up the premises. What kind of furniture from the remnants of laminated chipboard can (and should) be made so as not to throw away the money-worth material in the trash.

To begin with, I will note that the presence of scraps allows you to make furniture of several colors (for the sake of facades of a color different from boxes with a total area of less than 1 sq.m., you will order a whole five-square sheet.) The same applies to one or two details of excellent thickness. (eg 26 mm table top).

I post my furniture from scraps (or complete projects with detail) in

For example, I will give one that I did recently:

It is not very visible in the photo, but the box is made of Milan walnut, the facades are Arden oak, the boxes themselves can be slapped from any more or less harmoniously combined color under the same edge.

In general, dressers are a fairly practical piece of furniture in this regard. I usually do this: I already have a template for chests of drawers, that is, immediately in the cutting of, for example, a cabinet (more precisely, its remnants), I lay drawers, in the kitchen scraps - a box, and some hallway facades (it doesn't cost me time, no money - we pay for cutting the sheet by the piece, and not by the footage). And then I collect it in a pile and sell it to Avito.

In addition to dressers, many furniture makers rivet stools from scraps (they do not need a lot of materials, using a milling cutter according to a template, they rivet easily and quickly, and the need for them does not diminish.

In addition to such a classic, so to speak, option, an exclusive is also produced, which is bought more willingly (and more expensive). Here are some examples.

Another option for disposal of leftovers is the simplest hallways of the "noodle" system, that is, consisting of strips fastened together in a heap. The shape and size of your choice (also depends on the presence of leftovers)

The leftovers are also suitable for the manufacture of coffee tables - there are just a huge number of their modifications on the Internet.

Another type of furniture made of scraps is various kinds of bedside tables, both for TV and simply.

And, finally, shelves and racks - that's where the expanse is !!!

Once again, I note that it is very convenient to plan your crafts from scraps in advance and immediately lay them in the cutting of the main product, accumulating until the final assembly.

And finally, the extreme option, which is completely unrelated to working with your hands. You can offer to sell the leftovers on the same Avito to other self-made people - they can buy it.

A bed from chipboard with their own hands can be made even by a person who does not have experience in carpentry work. The tools necessary for the manufacture of this kind of furniture are in almost every home. In specialized stores there is a wide range of both laminated particle boards and those required for hardware and other consumables.

Material characteristic

Chipboard is a composite material in the manufacture of which woodworking waste and a binder based on formaldehyde resins are used. Hot-pressed slabs are much cheaper than natural wood, so they are often used in furniture production.

Due to the low cost of chipboard, manufacturers do not pay attention to the following material shortcomings:

emission of formaldehyde vapors harmful to health;
lack of resistance to moisture, as a result of which the plate deforms and quickly collapses;
relatively low strength.

Lamination of chipboard improves its characteristics, protecting the material from dampness, and the environment from harmful emissions. The protective layer, which is a melamine film or varnish coating, makes the chipboard stronger and gives the panel the appearance of more expensive wood.

Before making a bed from chipboard, you must choose the material that is most suitable for use in a residential area. Products belonging to the E1 formaldehyde emission class can be considered harmless to the body.

It should be borne in mind that the slabs have a protective coating only on 2 sides, so the ends of the chipboard need to be sealed. You can do this yourself using melamine tape, PVC or ABC edging. The invisible ends of the chipboard are painted over.

Necessary materials

To save materials and money, you can use parts taken from an old bed in the work. Among them:

corners;
slats;
plywood;
bars;
furniture bolts with nuts;
confirmations.

Laminated plates and an old mattress will be used. Panels with an intact coating can be used in the manufacture of external frame elements, the rest after repair will be useful for partitions, stiffeners, boxes, etc.

The drawers, footboard and headboard of the bed are best made of laminated chipboard with a thickness of 22 mm. The furniture will be heavier than 16 mm slabs, but it will be more durable. The basis for the mattress can be plywood with a thickness of at least 10 mm. The bottoms of the boxes are cut from the sheets of fiberboard.

You will also need:

self-tapping screws;
glue (PVA and Moment);
furniture edge;
sandpaper for cleaning the surfaces of plywood and wood parts.

You may need drawer hardware, leatherette or other headboard upholstery material.

Deciding on the design and construction

Before making a bed from chipboard with your own hands, it is better to draw a sketch to see how this piece of furniture will fit into the interior of the room. It is desirable that the design of the bed makes it possible to use it not only as a place to sleep.

The mechanism for lifting the base will allow you to organize storage of bedding and other things under it. Several drawers can be placed under the bed base. They are installed on roller guides or furniture wheels. Roll-out boxes are not structurally connected with the frame, so it will be easier for a novice carpenter to assemble a bedroom set with such elements.

To make high-quality single or double furniture, you cannot limit yourself to one sketch: you need to carefully think over the drawing of the bed. Its production according to the exact scheme will allow avoiding overspending of material and scrap in work. When drawing up a drawing, the dimensions of the mattresses, the dimensions of the room, etc., should be taken into account.

It can be difficult for an inexperienced craftsman to draw the details of the furniture. He will be helped by ready-made drawings of bed structures made of chipboard, however, in most cases, the configuration of the headboard and footboard has to be invented independently. These pieces of furniture stand out the most.

Drawings and diagrams

Drawings make it much easier to assemble the bed: the diagrams show the exact dimensions of its parts, their number and attachment points. The simplest drawing of a double bed suggests using elements of the following sizes:

headboard - 1664x722 mm;
foot - 1664x296 mm;
2 side drawers - 2054x296 mm each;
stiffener - 1608 mm;
bottom - 2004x1608 mm.

If the frame is reinforced with 3 stiffeners (at the headboard, footboard and in the center of the frame), then they will support the plywood bottom. Otherwise, the bars will have to be fixed along the inner perimeter of the box. The bar can be installed parallel to the side bars.

The technician can make corrections to this drawing. It will not be difficult to change the shape of the headboard and equip furniture with metal or wooden legs. Other changes to the layout may concern the height of the headboard. If it is reduced to 296 mm, then the frame will perform only load-bearing functions. The assembly of the structure will be completed by fastening the front and rear backrests. The cutout in the drawer side will allow you to place drawers under the bottom.

The drawings provide that the base for the mattress should be slightly larger in size. The bed, assembled according to the above diagram, is designed for a 2000x1600 mm mattress.

What do you do with old furniture?

This article will be useful not only for beginners who do not know where to start producing furniture at home, but also for amateur craftsmen who want to try their hand at furniture production.

What is needed at the initial stage?

Introduction

Today, more and more construction and finishing shops in their assortment have such material as chipboard. It is sold in sheets of size 2750 * 1830 mm, 2440 * 1830 mm and thick 16 mm, 18 mm, 25 mm.

The presence of a rich selection of hand-held power tools (jigsaws, grinders, hand-held circular saws, planers, etc.) encourages home craftsmen to make any furniture with their own hands. Below will be a speech on this topic.

Material selection

For the manufacture of home furniture, you need to clearly determine the type and size of chipboard. Basically, the manufacture of cabinet furniture is carried out using chipboard with a thickness 16 mm... For various countertops, kitchen dies, sheets are used with a thickness 25 mm.

The surface finish of the chipboard sheet is of great importance. There is two options for choosing the type of chipboard:

laminated sheet called chipboard;
without a laminated surface, the so-called "naked".

The second type of chipboard is also quite used for the manufacture of furniture, since it has smooth, polished surfaces on both sides. Such a surface can be easily refined by gluing it over with a self-adhesive film.

It is best to choose a German-made film. It has a greater thickness compared to Chinese and domestic counterparts, which means that it will be more difficult to mechanically damage it.

The ideal option for covering, of course, is veneer, but the cost of laminated chipboard will be forty percent more expensive than for "bare" chipboard.

Required tool

Performing any furniture on your own requires a special tool, both electric and manual. The power tool will allow you to perform such work faster, and the process itself is comfortable.

To cut the chipboard, it is better to use electric jigsaw or hand-held circular saw... It is simply unrealistic to do such work on cutting a large sheet of chipboard using a hand saw, since the cut will be too uneven.

Choosing for this operation jigsaw, you need to be prepared for the fact that you cannot do without chips.

If you want the end of the sawn material to be perfectly flat, not only along the longitudinal cut, but perpendicularly even relative to the plane of the sheet, it is preferable to use electrocircular.

The power tool is also required in cases where it is necessary to make rounded corners of furniture elements.

Another essential tool for DIY furniture making is screwdriver... With such a device in your arsenal, you can easily combine all the elements of the furniture made.

Remembering the catch phrase of all the masters "measure seven times, cut once", you cannot do without a ruler. In order for all parts of the furniture to turn out perfectly even when cutting a chipboard sheet, you need to use metal meter and corner.

Necessary fittings

The assembly of furniture can be carried out by connecting all the elements using self-tapping screws for wood or furniture screws... Using self-tapping screws or furniture screws during assembly, it is advisable to make holes in the chipboard before screwing them in so that the fasteners enter the array easily, screwing into it completely.

It is easier to screw in self-tapping screws with screwdriver with a special Phillips bit... You can do this work with an ordinary screwdriver, but then it will take much more time, and the head of the self-tapping screw may not completely enter the chipboard. Screwing in furniture screws is done with a special hex wrench.

Furniture will be more neat if the fastener caps are closed plastic plugs... They can be matched to the color of the chipboard surface.

The ends of the sawn pieces of furniture at home are most often closed. furniture end tape... It is made of plastic, and therefore it can cover any curved ends.

Furniture end tape is of two types:

T-shaped;
U-shaped.

U-shaped end tape more popular among "homemade" ones, because for T-shaped tape it is necessary to make a groove with a special frieze to effectively fix it on the end of the chipboard, and the U-shaped one is simply put on the ends of the chipboard, while hiding the chips and irregularities of manual sawing, giving the product a rather presentable look.

There are other materials for finishing the end part of the chipboard. For example, melamine edging, which is a laminated surface, on the back of which a thin layer of polyethylene is applied.

Such an end tape is glued to the end of the furniture blank using an iron (at home). When ironing the front surface of the laminated tape, the polyethylene of its back side melts and sticks to the end.

Also popular enough PVC edge which is more wear-resistant and durable.

There are only a couple of cases where making furniture with your own hands at home is justified:

or you are really a jack of all trades, about whom they usually say "he has golden hands", and you have no desire to overpay for what you yourself can do not badly;
or you are a beginner who is very interested in this and who has set a goal to go through all the stages of independent furniture production - in this case, of course, additional experience will not be superfluous.

If, nevertheless, for some reason you have doubts about making furniture yourself or asking for help from professionals, the answer is simple: "Everyone should do their own thing."