Leaf shapes of trees with names. Leaves of trees. Tree structure

How does a tree grow from seed to fruit? We teach with a child branches of mountain ash, birch, poplar, maple, oak. Acquaintance with a tree begins for a child in his very early childhood. Each courtyard has its own good-natured giant, who will gladly hide from the scorching sun, rain, share fallen leaves and dry twigs for all kinds of games.

However, many children perceive trees as nameless companions, without thinking that each of them has its own name, has a complex structure and performs important tasks. Therefore, with a deeper study of trees, kids make many discoveries for themselves.

For example, children will be interested to know what parts a tree consists of. To do this, use a schematic image of a tree and talk about each part of it:

The roots of the tree are its foundation. They feed the tree, absorbing the nutrients dissolved in the water, and also keep it upright. The larger the tree, the richer its root system.
A tree trunk is like its body. All substances extracted by the roots go up the trunk, while branches begin to depart from the trunk. It is important to note that a real tree has one trunk, but shrubs - several, even large ones, trunks.
Tree branches - a support for leaves; it is on the branches that buds are formed, from which later leaves and flowers appear. Nutrients also pass through them. Over time, the branches become wider and firmer (lignified), and new branches appear from them.
Tree foliage is an organ that allows a tree to exchange substances with its environment. Thanks to the leaves, the tree absorbs carbon dioxide harmful to humans from the air, here organic substances are formed from it under the influence of sunlight, and through the leaves the tree releases the oxygen we breathe.
All the leaves and branches of the tree form its crown - a magnificent hat that gives shadow and shelters us from the rain.

Having studied the structure of the tree, you can go to the next stage - to find out how it is born. Where and how do trees grow? The answer to this question can be depicted as a circular diagram.

So, we analyze the entire life cycle of a fruit tree:

Seed is the source of life for each plant, including the tree. It contains a small embryo and an initial supply of nutrients, which the embryo needs in order to germinate through the seed coat. Once in the soil, the embryo begins to actively develop, pecks through the shell, grows and starts roots, which sucks from the earth substances necessary for its growth.

After many years, the embryo turns into a tree, which, having reached a certain age, acquires the ability to reproduce its own kind.

In spring, buds form on the branches of a tree, in which an organ of amazing beauty and smell develops - a flower.

The fruit tree flower is designed in such a way that when polluted (by wind or insects), a small germ of the fruit is formed in it.

The fruit of the tree is the result of its vital activity. Inside the fruit contains seeds. In order to spread the seeds as far as possible, nature has made most fruits tasty and attractive to animals and people who, by collecting fruits, contribute to the spread of seeds over long distances. Unpicked fruits fall from the tree, rot, and after that the seeds fall into the soil.

The development of a tree can be considered from any moment: starting from the fruit, kidney, seed. Each stage can be considered the beginning of a life cycle.

The life cycle of a tree greatly depends on the time of year.

The beginning of its development and rapid growth occurs in the spring, when buds are actively formed on the branches, from which leaves and flowers subsequently appear. No wonder it is said that in spring, trees come to life after winter sleep.

In summer, trees appear before us in all their glory. They constantly interact with the outside world, eat, replenish supplies of substances necessary for their life. The leaves of trees work continuously in the summer, turning into a real factory for the processing of carbon dioxide, and the production of oxygen and nutrients from it.

In autumn, all the vital processes in the tree decline: it becomes shorter than daylight hours, and the amount of sunlight is not enough to form new chlorophyll molecules in the leaves, so the foliage gradually changes color and falls off. Falling leaves not only saves the strength of the tree, which he will need in order to survive the harsh winter, but also saves tree branches from breaking off, which can occur under the weight of snow.

In winter, the tree seems to freeze. It economically spends the stocks accumulated over the summer and is looking forward to the arrival of the first spring heat.

But not all trees go through such a cycle of transformations, but only those that have leaves, that is, deciduous. But the trees, whose branches are covered with needles - needles (conifers) all winter look the same as in the summer.

The most famous conifer is spruce. Of course, it became famous thanks to the Russian tradition of decorating the branches of spruce on New Year's Eve. Spruce reproduces with the help of cones, which form during the summer.

But of the most common deciduous trees, such as:

Mountain ash - a tree with bright berries and beautiful jagged foliage, which looks especially impressive in the fall. There is a version that they called it mountain ash because its leaves are quite small and, when the wind blows, they tremble, causing ripples in the eyes of the person who looks at him.

Birch is a symbol of Russia, a unique tree with white bark. Its very name comes from the Slavic word meaning "to shine, to whiten." The birch is also interesting for its flowers, which look like earrings, and the fact that its branches are very long and thin, they seem to hang down.

Poplar is a frequent companion of human habitation. Poplars are planted near houses because they grow quickly - which means that they begin to clean the air early and absorb excess moisture well. In the wild, poplar is often found in wetlands, for which it got its name, which in Slavic means "swampy place, swamp." Poplar fruits are boxes from which seeds sprinkle, covered with many silky hairs - poplar fluff. This fluff gives people a lot of inconvenience, so poplars are often cut off, leaving only non-fruiting branches at the top.

Oak - tree - giant, especially revered by our ancestors. Its fruits - acorns - were used to make a drink that replaces coffee, but oak bark and wood, which is distinguished by its strength and beautiful color, have found even greater use.

Maple is the owner of beautiful leaves with sharp edges. From its juice, sweet aromatic maple syrup is obtained.

Elm is a tree, wood, branches and bark of which people have long used for the manufacture of furniture, tools and even weapons. Elm bark (bast) is strong and flexible, various objects were tied to it, for which the tree got its name. Shoes were woven from a bast.

Chestnut - a tree with unusual fruits, the core of which resembles a nut. It is believed that the word "chestnut" has the same root with the word "porridge", since the fruits of the chestnut were often eaten.

Willow is a tree with unusual long branches and narrow leaves. Its name comes from the word "vit", which is explained by the main use of willow branches - baskets were knitted from them, furniture was woven.

In order to better remember the names of the trees, you can play a simple game: mix cards with the image of the leaves and the trees themselves, and then compare and name them.

The images of the leaves are more visible on the coloring pages, where you can examine their contour and colorize it depending on the expected season and shades characteristic of a particular tree.

While the child is working with coloring, you can ask them thematic questions, read poems or make riddles to consolidate the study. For example, such:

And graceful and beautiful, grew by the river ... (willow).

They protect from the wind and moisture both the house and the field ... (poplar).

Russian land doesn’t even need roses, its relatives paint it ... (birch trees).

And he is handsome, and strong, and useful, he generously shares his own juice. ... (maple).

Both in heat and in a blizzard, it is equally beautiful ... (spruce).

If there are several children, you can arrange a mini-quiz based on the material covered, and use bouquets of vibrant or cardboard bright leaves or fruits of trees (for example, apples) as prizes.

In this article, we have collected material on the theme of "tree leaves" and "tree structure." Acquaintance with a tree begins for a child in his very early childhood.

Each courtyard has its own good-natured giant, who will happily hide from the scorching sun, rain, share fallen leaves and dry twigs for all kinds of people. However, many children perceive trees as nameless companions, without thinking that each of them has its own name, has a complex structure and performs important tasks. Therefore, with a deeper study of trees, kids make many discoveries for themselves.

For example, children will be interested to know what parts a tree consists of. To do this, use a schematic image of a tree and talk about each part of it:

The roots of the tree are its foundation. They feed the tree, absorbing the nutrients dissolved in the water, and also keep it upright. The larger the tree, the richer its root system.
A tree trunk is like its body. All substances extracted by the roots go up the trunk, while branches begin to depart from the trunk. It is important to note that a real tree has one trunk, but shrubs - several, even large ones, trunks.
Tree branches - a support for leaves; it is on the branches that buds are formed, from which later leaves and flowers appear. Nutrients also pass through them. Over time, the branches become wider and firmer (lignified), and new branches appear from them.
Tree foliage is an organ that allows a tree to exchange substances with its environment. Thanks to the leaves, the tree absorbs carbon dioxide harmful to humans from the air, here organic substances are formed from it under the influence of sunlight, and through the leaves the tree releases the oxygen we breathe.
All the leaves and branches of the tree form its crown - a magnificent hat that gives shadow and shelters us from the rain.

Having studied the structure of the tree, you can go to the next stage - to find out how it is born. Where and how do trees grow? The answer to this question can be depicted as a circular diagram.

So, we analyze the entire life cycle of a fruit tree:

After many years, the embryo turns into a tree, which, having reached a certain age, acquires the ability to reproduce its own kind.

In spring, buds form on the branches of a tree, in which an organ of amazing beauty and smell develops - a flower.

The fruit tree flower is designed in such a way that when polluted (by wind or insects), a small germ of the fruit is formed in it.

All life processes in the tree decline: the daylight becomes shorter, and the amount of sunlight is not enough for the formation of new chlorophyll molecules in the leaves, so the foliage gradually changes color and falls off. Falling leaves not only saves the strength of the tree, which he will need in order to survive the harsh winter, but also saves tree branches from breaking off, which can occur under the weight of snow.

The tree seems to freeze. It economically spends the stocks accumulated over the summer and is looking forward to the arrival of the first spring heat.

The most famous conifer is. Of course, it became famous thanks to the Russian tradition of decorating the branches of spruce on New Year's Eve. Spruce reproduces with the help of cones, which form during the summer.

But of the most common deciduous trees, such as:

- a tree with bright berries and beautiful jagged foliage, which looks especially impressive in the fall. There is a version that they called it mountain ash because its leaves are quite small and, when the wind blows, they tremble, causing ripples in the eyes of the person who looks at him.

Birch is a symbol of Russia, a unique tree with white bark. Its very name comes from the Slavic word meaning "to shine, to whiten." The birch is also interesting for its flowers, which look like earrings, and the fact that its branches are very long and thin, they seem to hang down.

Poplar is a frequent companion of human habitation. Poplars are planted near houses because they grow quickly - which means that they begin to clean the air early and absorb excess moisture well. In the wild, poplar is often found in wetlands, for which it got its name, which in Slavic means "swampy place, swamp." Poplar fruits are boxes from which seeds sprinkle, covered with many silky hairs - poplar fluff. This fluff gives people a lot of inconvenience, so poplars are often cut off, leaving only non-fruiting branches at the top.

Oak - tree - giant, especially revered by our ancestors. Its fruits - acorns - were used to make a drink that replaces coffee, but oak bark and wood, which is distinguished by its strength and beautiful color, have found even greater use.

Maple is the owner of beautiful leaves with sharp edges. From its juice, sweet aromatic maple syrup is obtained.

Elm is a tree, wood, branches and bark of which people have long used for the manufacture of furniture, tools and even weapons. Elm bark (bast) is strong and flexible, various objects were tied to it, for which the tree got its name. Shoes were woven from a bast.

Chestnut - a tree with unusual fruits, the core of which resembles a nut. It is believed that the word "chestnut" has the same root with the word "porridge", since the fruits of the chestnut were often eaten.

Willow is a tree with unusual long branches and narrow leaves. Its name comes from the word "vit", which is explained by the main use of willow branches - baskets were knitted from them, furniture was woven.

In order to better remember the names of the trees, you can play a simple game: mix cards with the image of the leaves and the trees themselves, and then compare and name them.

From the leaves you can make a very interesting visual aid for children. To do this, you need to collect leaves of different types and laminate them.

Cut the leaves slightly stepping away from the edge.

We get a living manual for the study of leaf species.

Print on a separate piece of paper the names of the trees from where you collected the leaves. The name of the tree is compared with the leaf itself, studying and remembering its shape and structural features.

The images of the leaves are more visible on the coloring pages, where you can examine their contour and colorize it depending on the expected season and shades characteristic of a particular tree.

While the child is working with coloring, you can ask them thematic questions, read poems or make riddles to consolidate the study. For example, such:

And graceful and beautiful, grew by the river ... (willow).

They protect from the wind and moisture both the house and the field ... (poplar).

Russian land doesn’t even need roses, its relatives paint it ... (birch trees).

And he is handsome, and strong, and useful, he generously shares his own juice. ... (maple).

Both in heat and in a blizzard, it is equally beautiful ... (spruce).

If there are several children, you can arrange a mini-quiz based on the material covered, and use bouquets of vibrant or cardboard bright leaves or fruits of trees (for example, apples) as prizes.

Video: “What is a tree?”

BIRCH TREE - one of the most beautiful and poetic plants of the Russian forest. This fast-growing photophilous tree with dense carved leaves on thin drooping branches reaches 40-30 meters in height by 40-50 years.

OAK -On the globe, there are up to 600 species of oak, in our country - up to 20 species. One of them is cherry, or summer (beech family) occupies the main area of \u200b\u200boak forests.

ASPEN- one of the types of poplars. Aspen is a fast-growing dioecious tree 20-30 meters high, lives up to 80-100, and sometimes even more years. The trunk is straight, half-timber.

ROWAN - a small tree of the Rosaceae family with a rounded compact crown, with white flowers in the spring and with red-orange clusters of hanging fruits in the fall.

POPLAR - genus of deciduous trees, willow family. It is characterized by unusual growth rate, large trees (25-30 m), the trunk is relatively slender, with light gray bark, the crown is sprawling, the leaves are more often ovate; poplar is unpretentious, easily propagated by seeds and cuttings.

ELM. Of the elm family, the most common is elm smooth. In the early years it grows very fast, by the age of 40 it reaches a maximum of 20-30 meters in height and over one meter.

LINDEN . The genus of lindens has several hundred species. In Russia, the most common is small-leaved linden-tree up to 30 meters high, up to one meter in diameter. She lives 300-400 years, and sometimes more.

ALDER (black or sticky) is named for the dark bark of old trees and for the fact that young buds, shoots and leaflets are sticky. It is a fast growing tree of the birch family. By the age of 10 it reaches 10-12 meters, by 50 it has a height of 30 meters, a diameter of 40-60 centimeters, lives up to 100-300 years, blooms in the early spring with brown-brown catkins.

A leaf of a tree is one of the most volatile and interesting organs ever created by nature. The classic shape of the sheet is a flat plate, narrow or wide. The leaf connects to the stem at a point called a nodule using a petiole of different lengths. The latter may, however, be absent (then the sheet is called sessile). In shape, the leaf blade can be solid with smooth edges (like a magnolia tree), or it can have jagged edges like a chestnut or cherry. If the petiole has only one leaf blade, then such a leaf is called simple. Sometimes on one petiole there are several leaflets connected to a common (pivotal) petiole using petioles. Such leaves are called complex. Complex leaves, for example, are characteristic of robinia (one of the varieties of white acacia).
The shape of the leaf is easy to identify many types of plants.
This section presents drawings of leaves, flowers, crowns of trees common in Russia. Larch, spruce, pine, juniper, elm, oak, alder, birch, hazel, linden, aspen, willow, bird cherry, mountain ash, acacia, chestnut, maple, ash, elderberry, plum.



Birch tree dangling	Hazel ordinary