Shed from blocks with your own hands projects. Shed from concrete blocks

For permanent residence per feature of the city, not only a warm and cozy house, but also non-residential buildings, as one of which we suggest you to build a practical barn of foam block. Under the shed usually implies an unheard and non-residential indoor room, which is traditionally used to determine livestock or storage of various property or hay.

Shed from foam blocks with a roof of metal

There are many varieties of sheds that can be built with their own hands in different ways and from different materials, such as foam concrete or aerated concrete. This is not necessary to attract highly qualified specialists.

The barn of foam blocks is a very relevant room, without which almost no country area can do. You may always need an additional place to store various property, gardening inventory, building materials and tools that are not advisable to place at home. The shed of foam blocks built by their own hands will solve this problem with the storage of such things, will save from a lack of space and will allow only the necessary objects of everyday consideration in the residential premises.

Projects of Sarai from aerated concrete do not take so much time, strength and costs as the construction of residential buildings, but it also requires compliance with certain rules and norms.

Option of a gauge bar from aerated concrete

First, it is necessary to understand how future building should look like and prepare its detailed project. Finished shed projects You can buy or find free options on the Internet. The project should take into account all the rules and requirements, it is necessary to clearly know for what purposes and how will the barn of aerated concrete be used to correctly determine its future location and evaluate what sizes it should be.

When the draft barn will be ready, you can begin to prepare tools and materials that will be required when it is construction:

Before starting to build a barn of foam blocks or aerated concrete, you need to decide on the most suitable place for it. Since the projects of the Sarai are not built, which could be found to architectural buildings, they are trying to hide away, without fail at the most prominent place.

However, it should also not be abused, because if you build a barn of foam blocks or aerated concrete too far from the house, you will have to go for a long distance for the property stored in it.

Project Shed with a canopy and barbecue

The location of the barn depends on the size of the site and the personal preference of the owner. The most common, according to the majority of the hosts of country houses, is the location of the shed in the courtyard for a residential house. On the one hand, this is the closest arrangement of the construction to the residential premises, and on the other hand, it remains in the foreground that the residential cottage remains.

The main thing is to avoid building the projects of the Sarai in lowlands with your own hands, because such territories are usually exposed to flooding with water in spring from the melting of snow, or the loss of abundant precipitation at any other time of the year.

As soon as the place for the construction of the barn will be determined, you can proceed to the initial stage of construction - the construction of the foundation.

Foundation for Saraj

Shed from aerated concrete or foam concrete cannot be built without a foundation, which can also be built with your own hands.

Preparation of trenches for filling the foundation under the barn of foam blocks

There is quite a common misconception that without it you can do well, and many people really begin to build projects of the Sarai without the preparation of the foundation. As a result of this error, the structure is obtained by the short-lived and extremely fragile, it can collapse from the most ordinary weather. Therefore, it is better to immediately begin construction correctly so that you don't have to redo and rebuild the shed in the future.

First of all, when preparing, it will be necessary to remove the top layer of the soil. Soil in this case is removed to a depth of 50-100 cm around the perimeter of future buildings. The depth will be determined by the weight of the structure. After that, in their own hands, the workpiece under the foundation, it will be necessary to pour the sand layer, on top of which the gravel layer is embanked, and the layer of rubble is already saturated.

The process of filling the foundation under foam block bar

At the same time, the layers in no case cannot be changed in places, the sequence should be that. The total thickness of all three layers should not exceed the mark of 20-25 cm. In this case, a peculiar "pillow" is obtained. After its manufacture is completed, under the foundation it is necessary to mount a special mesh in the form of a belt from the reinforcement.

The reinforcement of the shed from aerated concrete is preferable to put in two layers with its own hands and at the same time carefully ensure that it does not have direct contact with the soil with any side.

The distance between the earth and the reinforcement should be at least 0.5 cm. As soon as the reinforcement grid is ready, it will be necessary, in which concrete will be poured. Using the pump and flexible hose will make it easier for the process of supplying concrete. Armature will make concrete fill more hard and durable. Within the next few days, concrete will need to water water so that it does not swam and not covered with cracks.

Construction of Saraj.

A few days later, after all the necessary actions for the preparation of the foundation are completed, you can begin the construction of the walls of the barn of foam concrete. Foam concrete blocks that will be required at this stage can be bought either make it yourself. There are projects of mini-factories for their production, which will reduce the financial costs of buying material.

It is important to choose correctly not only foam concrete blocks, but also a special solution that will be used for secure them. The best mixture of sand and cement is suitable, as well as construction glue. Combining these materials will help minimize the size of the docking seams.

It is best to use the projects of similar shed foam concrete blocks of large size, this will significantly increase the speed of construction.

Laying the walls of a barn of foam blocks

There must be a layer of waterproofing between the foundation and the first number of foam concrete blocks. Such a precautionary measure is needed in order to avoid the harmful effects of moisture from the foundation on the blocks, of which the walls of the barn will be made, which, in turn, will make it more durable. By the way, there is nothing complicated in this process.

As a material for the waterproofing layer, the most ordinary rolled ruler, which will need to be paved in two layers.

Also, you should not forget about the lighting and, for this, when the walls are erected, you need to think about a small window. All work on the construction of walls should begin with the corner of the future barn of foam blocks. In order for the angle to be correct, use the corner foam concrete block.
In the process of the construction of the wall, it is important to ensure that the vertical position of their installation is not disturbed, the construction level can help.

The construction of the shed begins the arrangement of your own site.

The structure will provide minimal comfortable conditions.

There we will be removed for storage tools for the garden, other necessary equipment and materials.

It can, of course, use the help of professionals for building events.

But it will be largely economical to build a shed of her own hands.

Before proceeding with the construction of their foam blocks, pay attention to the characteristics of the building material:

Heat insulation. The degree of its importance for the shed is dependent on the purpose of the room itself.
Simplicity when building structures. Below will look at this moment in particular carefully.
Relatively low price

Materials and tools

To erect, select a block of a value of 200 × 300 × 600 mm. It is successful to calculate the volume of material based on the walls of the walls. One square meter, as usual, goes about five standard modules. When working, do not do without the following tools:
Kelma, knobs

level
cyanica
grebenki
shovel
armature
construction and hammer nails
buckets, tanks for mortar

Foam concrete block products provide the ability to build buildings of any length and width. The format of the shed is better to choose rectangular, and the room inside is permissible to supply partitions. To calculate the required amount of material for the construction, you only need to know the blocks of blocks and make a plan of the barn.

The most common blocks of blocks is 200 by 300 per 600 millimeters. Here, the smallest number is thick, which is not useful for calculations. Given the length of the wall of the room and the length of the block product (600 mm), it is possible to simply calculate how many pieces are needed on a par. In the same way, we determine the desired number of rows. For example, it will take five blocks for three meter walls, and 8.3 rows will take a height of 2.5 meters, rounded this figure in the most side, we obtain 9.

So, for one wall, the shed will need to be purchased 45 foam blocks. In addition to them, still wooden bars for lower strapping. We will produce this procedure if we apply a columnar foundation foundation, they will not be needed for the belt and solid.

In addition, we need boards and bars for floors, lag and for the device rafted roofing. Metal corner will serve as fastening, along with self-draws and nails.

For insulation, you can take advantage of a variety of materials:

Foam.
Mineral wool.
Cork plates.

In areas with low temperature modes and long winter periods, additional insulation of walls, ceiling and floors from the inside of the shed may be required. For the design of the facade, it is permissible to apply plaster, painting, professional flooring or.

Build the foundation and walls

Before building a barn of foam blocks, you need to build a base, usually it is made of a heart type.

By producing all the calculations and purchasing the necessary materials and tools, proceed to construction work. To begin with, we arrange the foundation from foam blocks. The best thing will be the ribbon design. We divide the work on the following steps:

Running the territory under the coming construction. Then we make a markup depending on the selected building dimensions. For these purposes, we use stakes and cords.
Drop the trench around the perimeter of the future structure. It is best to choose a depth located below, level. As usual, a half-meter is enough to depth, but sometimes in soils (for example, clay content) you need to dug dwarfs to one meter. At the same time, the width of the trench must correspond to thirty centimeters.
I swell in the trench of the sand and thoroughly in a thoroughness, to uniformly smoothing the layer. Its thickness should be approximately ten centimeters. On the prepared pillow, we smear more crushed stone, the same layer of ten centimeters. Next, all over the pit on this pillow lay out the waterproofing layer. This is necessary so that the liquid concrete solution is not leaked to the lower layers. It should be noted that the waterproofing should be positioned so that it covers crushed stone and sand, and also the ground on the sides of the pit.
Before you take for the arrangement of the base for the barn, it is necessary to make a formwork, it will be used to fill concrete composition. For this design, it is advisable to use metal reinforcement and wooden boards. The height should be higher than the level of the soil - reach the base level of the upcoming structure. For the strength of the formwork, we will apply fixation by clamps and spacers. From above, you should also fix the backups for greater reliability. We install a metal frame for waterproofing or use the reinforcement grid. The thickness of the rod must correspond to approximately one and a half centimeters.
The reinforcement is better to pour concrete composition. To do this, you need to use the concrete of Mark M 200-250. Around the perimeter of the area pour in one reception. It is not recommended to carry out these events in a spinning either in the rain, otherwise the foundation will simply crack. Under normal weather conditions for concrete, approximately a month is required.
When the concrete completely grabbed, the surface should be prepared for further work. It needs to be cleaned of dust and dirt, eliminate protrusions and other defects. Constructed the basis of the structure, go to the construction of walls. To do this, the surface of the concrete base is to coat with water with waterproofing characteristics. For these purposes it is possible to use the runneroid.
Next, prepare a solution for the walls. We will use cement (three parts) with sand (one part). Prepared composition, proceed to laying the first block row. Starting to be advised from the corner of the structure, then continue all over the perimeter of the room. The seam must correspond to the thickness - no more than three centimeters.

Having plays the first row, we make a thorough check on evenness. For the special strength of the walls advise to apply reinforcement bar. The diameter of the rod must correspond to eight millimeters. We will lay them after each fourth block row.

Roofing and finishing work

For the arrangement of wooden floors, we use the thickness of the thickness of forty millimeters.
For economic structures, it is often used by the simplest sheds from blocks with a single-table roof. The base includes the guide bars of 100/150 millimeters, crossbars are mounted between them. The step between BRUSEV is one meter. In the center of the rafter setting the stands vertically. Crooked the shed premises often with a simple slate.

Stop the sheets are starting from below, having their flashes and fixing self-drawing or nails.
The shed structure does not require some kind of intricate finish. The most basic is to mount the door and windows, and also to store the floors. If the walls are erected from gas-silicate blocks, then it is permissible to shook them with ready-made mixtures. This processing will only improve the characteristics of the blocks, thus extinguishing the service life.

Floors to mock is not difficult. We embark on the entire platform of the sandy sand, then spread the lags from the wooden and the moods of the board or other material. To install the door, initially insert the door box. Subsequently, the question of the fact that in the new building will be stored. If it is only the most ordinary tool for the garden, then it is permissible to install a wooden sash.

If it is planned to maintain an inventory for more expensive here, then it is possible to attach a sash from the iron sheet through the screws to a good box.

From blocks, it is possible to build a barn almost a few days if approaching the case with skillful hands and take advantage of high-quality material. Observing all the rules of installation, we have the opportunity to purchase a building that will serve as one decade.

To preserve heat in the barn and stable inner atmosphere, it should be built from a suitable material. And for this building they are advised to resort to the use of foam concrete fragments.

Advantages and disadvantages of use

Foam concrete block products possess all the necessary characteristics to build low buildings and have great advantages:

Their use provides premises with excellent thermal insulation characteristics. Foam concrete products are inherent in the same thermal conductivity as wood. If you compare with ceramic or silicate brick, this material is almost three times slower thanks heat. This effect is due to the porous structure. For the most part, foam blocks consist of small closed cavities. Such aircases are excellent isolated from each other. As a result, a slow change of temperature regime occurs. The structure made of this material is endowed with thermos characteristics.
Such material has excellent frost resistance. The porosity of the product provides the possibility of moisture to disappear during freezing. That is why foam blocks are able to maintain their structure.
In addition, the presence of miniature cavities inside the blocks gives them excellent sound insulation.
Promote good air exchange high hygroscopic material properties. This plus provides an opportunity to bring water evaporation and prevent the occurrence of dampness and mold in the barn.
Foam block is not a fuel and is not able to keep fire. The material for eight hours is able to withstand the flame, not destroying.
Easy to work. Foam concrete fragments for its values \u200b\u200bare much more ordinary brick. Their dimensions are: 200 x 300 x 600 millimeters. The construction of the shed from this material will be largely faster and more convenient.
An explicit plus is the mass of the block. On average, it weighs approximately eleven kilograms. This means that a small load will be on the foundation and walls.
At the cost of this material, this material is much cheaper to build a shed than the acquisition.
Foam block is an eco-friendly material, because it consists of cement, sand and a foaming substance. The protein basis is used as such a substance.
Porous porous pieces of podiatliva during sawing.

The disadvantages of foam concrete material include such parameters:

Insufficient strength does not allow to build structures above ten meters.
The same minus refers to the transportation of this building material.
Not a particularly attractive exterior of blocks implies facing. This turns out to be an additional cost of the cost affecting the cost of the structure.
Without additional protection, at low temperature modes, foam concrete fragments are destroyed.

We produce foam concrete blocks on its territory

For the manufacture of foam concrete products, special equipment is required for their production. It is necessary to thoroughly examine the technology of the entire operation. With that, it is necessary to take into account that not all components are necessary to create themselves. For example, you can purchase molding containers for foam concrete or rent.

In addition, for home technology for creating foam concrete products, both forms that were in use are suitable. They cost much cheaper than new ones. Now there are three technologies for the production of foam concrete blocks:

The classical technology implies a mixture of sand and, into which foam from the steam generator is added. Foam blocks are reinforced by proteins hydrolyzats.
Dry mineralization technology implies feeding foam generator with specific pores into a concrete mix.
The following technology is represented by the manufacture of foam under pressure. All components of foam concrete substances are loaded into the mixer. Then the oxygen is injected into it using a special compressor.

In order to carry out the process of personally, the use of all three technologies. Those who are really interested in how to create foam concrete products on their own density and strength, they advise you to find out that it will have to do a lot of experiences with a whole list of parameters. Namely:

The volume of the required components.
The duration of the knee.
The required time of the concrete mix in the form capacity.
The amount of time and order of drying.

Garage from foam block - on video:

The times were when foam concrete blocks served as insulation. Today, the strength of the material allows you to build at home, garages and baths. Such a barn will cost at least twice as cheaper than brick, and fold it five times faster.

The most serious minus is shrinkage. Foam concrete can sometimes sit up to 4 mm for each meter of wall height. The result will be hair cracks on the plaster, in places of the adjoining of other buildings. The second is low strength to mechanical damage and crumpled, inherent in all cellular concrete. If desired, penetrate the barn is easy. At the same summer cottage, the attackers for half an hour will shift the wall, without raising special noise.

Positive properties:

Low water absorption. Foam block absorbs about 7% of water from its volume (for comparison: gasoblock - up to 40%).
Heat shield parameters. Wall 40 cm has the same heat insulation as two meters of ceramic brick, and it is in comparison with it inexpensive.

Even in a shed with a wall thickness of 20 cm, it turns out to arrange economical heating. It can be used to maintain domestic animals or as a warm warehouse.

The strength of the brand D500 is about 13 kg / cm2 - more than enough for the Hozclock in two floors or just a high box where you can put a minibus or a small truck.
Easy construction. Laying one block of foam concrete replaces six single bricks. An additional bonus is four times less than the foundation for the walls of the walls.

Phased guide

For storage of inventory, a small country barn is suitable with a single-sided roof. It does not need to be missed, it means that the basis will need a shallow. For the middle strip of Russia - somewhere 60-80 cm, depending on the soil.

We will take as an object of construction of the Shed 6x4 with a wall height of 2.5 meters, half a block (200 mm) with a monolithic belt foundation and a cellar. The roof is designing a two-sheet on a wooden rafting system, coated with wavy asbetic sheets. The ventilated Cold attic will be useful for the drying of the hay and brooms for the bath. In the end, let's see the gate so that the Hozblock can be used as a garage.

1. Tool and snap.

Another plus is easy processing. Foam concrete perfectly cuts out not only a disk with diamond spraying, but even a manual saw, however, it should be of high-quality steel. We will need:

concrete mixer;
angular ("Bulgarian");
shovel, Kelma (trowel), Korchkaya Mason, Rubber Kiyanka;
roulette, level, plumb, lace;
scaffold;
capacity for solution.

Since the construction is required turnkey, for work with the roof will be needed:

electric saw;
ax, hammer;
screwdriver;
stairs.

Auxiliary tools: Passatia, hacksaw, screwdriver, mounted lomick.

2. Foundation device.

We will build yourself, ranging from the pit, but it is better to hire an excavator for the coke of the soil under the cellar. After the soil is dug, and part of it is exported, align the bottom and sealing rubble. Next, we perform concrete preparation, we put the formwork and pour a belt foundation. At the same time, he will serve as the walls of the cellar.

The high base of the shed for giving to anything, is enough for it to rise above the ground level by 20-30 cm. We give concrete a week stand, then mount the overlap of the cellar. As supporting structures, we use 2-minute 2 cm highs with a pitch of 1 m. The gaps between them are reinforcing and poured with monolithic concrete.

3. Laying walls.

Under the base of the base, we will lay a runner of the rubberoid dry, on this layer of waterproofing are erected by the wall. To withstand millimeter accuracy in the concrete works of the foundation is unrealistic. Therefore, the first row is aligned with a layer of cement-sand masonry solution. What makeup work depends on the quality of the blocks. When scattering their geometry is greater than 2-3 mm, we continue to use the usual cement mixture, if less - we use glue.

Masonry seams through a series of reinforcing steel galvanized grid. Over the gates, windows, door blocks mounted jumpers. For large openings, it is installed a steel 2-way beam. When you fly less than a meter, it is enough to put four bar of the reinforcement of the periodic cross section with a diameter of 16-18 mm. By the walls of the shed will perform overlap. We will make it from boards on wooden beams.

Focused focus foam concrete loads. To avoid this, we arrange a monolithic reinforced concrete belt with a height of 15 cm through the upper edge of the wall. Concrete Let's dial the strength of at least a week, after which they put the overlap, put the rafting roof structures. Mount the door and window blocks, the gate, we draw the concrete floor.

The barn for giving plaster does not require, foam block without any problems will stand without it. But it is better to make a finish of cement-lime mortar, and outside - siding.

Another subtlety - the construction gives shrinkage. Therefore, plastering it earlier than in a couple of months, it is not worth it. Around the structure will perform a breakdown with a width of 600 mm.

Estimation for construction

On average, the price of a square meter in the construction of the shed turnkey is within 10,000-14,000 rubles, including work.

Of these sums, most accounted for the cost of foam blocks. The value largely depends on their size and characteristics. We reduce the averaged values \u200b\u200bin the markets of the European part of the Russian Federation:

Mark by density	Length	Height	Thickness	Price for one	Note
D500.	600	300	100	48-54	"Half-terminal" for partitions
			150	72-89
			200	94-100	private block
			250	112-130
D600.	600	300	100	52-65
			150	84-92	private block
			200	111-122
			250	124-144

Selecting materials and calculation of estimates in the design stage. Costs will be convenient to count in a simple tablet. For example, fill a few lines.

For the construction of the barn, it is taken if necessary to find a place for gardening inventory, building materials or old things that can still be useful. It is worth a little work, and in an independently made economic building, it will be even sheltered animals or create a small workshop. So that these plans are activated, you only need to choose the right material, for example, foam blocks.

Pros and disadvantages of foam blocks

The foam blocks used as a material for the shed facilities, the following benefits are found:

excellent thermal insulation (no worse than in natural wood), due to the porous structure;
excellent frost resistance associated with the possibility of the material to redistribute water in case of freezing;
excellent noise insulation is the result of the formation of tiny cavities inside blocks;
normal air exchange, which displays a pair and protects the material from damage to mold;
high fire safety, because foam blocks do not ignite;
the simplicity of installation work due to the size of the material (large foam blocks are stacked easier and faster than small bricks);
relatively low weight, allowing not to provide for the foundation of a large pressure;
low cost compared to bricks;
ecology related to the harmless composition of the material in which sand, cement and substance for the formation of foam;
easy cutting, because the foam blocks can be unpaid without any problems on the part, using the saw.

Inside the barn made of foam blocks, it will be warm even in winter, because this material has a porous structure

If we consider negative points, then experts say foam blocks as follows:

the material is not perfect durable, which is why it is unrealistic to build a building with a height of more than 10 meters;
raw materials can crumble and crumble in the transportation process;
the ineffect appearance is forced to resort to cladding, which leads to additional costs;
the material may be collapsed if it is not protected from cold weather insulators.

The advantage of foam block is sometimes lacking: a porous structure is destroyed with a strong frost

Preparatory work

In order for the construction of a barn of foam blocks without failures, it is necessary to carefully prepare: draw up a drawing and specify all the necessary dimensions on it.

Project Saraja

To make the barn as comfortable as possible, it is better to take the construction of the construction of 6x3 m.

Shed with dimensions of 6x3 m is considered the most popular option, as it is spacious enough and does not take much space

In the room 3 m wide and 6 m long it is possible to create two compartments with dimensions of 2x3 m and 4x3 m. Thanks to the arrangement of these rooms, it is possible to achieve a shed multifunctionality. For example, the construction can simultaneously be a shelter for domestic livestock and workshop.

In the Saraj 6x3 m you can create 2 rooms - one spacious for storage of large things and one small for auxiliary purposes

The roof of the barn is wiser to make a duplex. A rapid system, which forms the roof with two slopes, allows you to create an additional attic compartment in the economic room. It can be kept for storage fruits and grain crops.

The height of the roof depends on the method of using a household building. If you need a barn in 2 floors, then the roof with two slots are made as high as possible.

For a shed can be enough roofs with a height of 3 m, because under it it will be possible without any problems to put boxes with vegetables

Calculation of the amount of material

In order not to be mistaken in the amount of material used for the construction of the shed, it is necessary to refer to mathematical formulas. Before calculations, it is necessary to find out what is the parameters of the purchased material, and determine the height, width and length of the future room.

For the construction of a barn, a foam block with dimensions 200x300x600 mm is suitable, because it weighs little and guarantees the strength of the walls

Suppose, on the site are going to build a building of foam blocks with parameters 20x30x60 cm. It is decided that the barn will be 6 m in length and 2.5 m in height. In this situation, computational actions should be as follows:

Learn how much foam blocks are required for one row of masonry, for which the perimeter of the shed is divided by the length of one foam block: 2 · (6 + 3) / 0.6 \u003d 30 pcs.
Calculate how much laying lines should turn out. For this, the height of the economic building is divided into the height of the block (2.5 / 0.3 \u003d 8.3 rows). The number of rows is rounded to the whole, i.e. to 9.
Find out the total number of foam blocks to create all lines of masonry: 9 · 30 \u003d 270 pcs.
It is taken into account that the shed will be windows, therefore, from the total number of foam blocks, this number of elements of a building material will be subtracted, which might occupy space in the openings. Suppose it is planned to make two windows in the shed. Their alleged dimensions - 50x50 cm. From here it follows that 1,6 block in length (0.5 · 2 / 0.6 \u003d 1.6) and 3.3 blocks in height (0.5 · 2 / 0.3 \u003d 3.3). Once it was decided to create two windows, the figures obtained are rounded and fold: 2 · (2 \u200b\u200b+ 4) \u003d 12.
Take into account that the doors will appear in the barn, therefore, from the total number of foam blocks, the number of building raw materials will take place, which could be in the doorways. Suppose that in the barn it was decided to make a few doors with a length of 2 m and 60 cm wide, including a double input group. It turns out that for one doorway, 7 foam blocks are needed to height (2.0: 0.3 \u003d 6.66) and 1 foam block in length (0.6: 0.6 \u003d 1). And to create a second, double doors, you will have to spend 2 foam block in length (1.2: 0.6 \u003d 2) and the same 7 foam blocks in height. Based on the above calculations, it is possible to calculate how much blocks is occupied by the space intended for the placement of doors: 1 · 7 + 2 · 7 \u003d 21.
Find out the exact amount of material that could be placed in the field of windows and doors. For this purpose, the numbers obtained earlier are summarized: 21 + 12 \u003d 33. After that, the number of blocks required to build a shed with windows and doors is calculated. For this, unnecessary elements are deducted from the total number of building raw materials: 270-33 \u003d 237.

Next, calculate the required amount of building raw materials for the construction of the roof of the barn. We are talking about wooden bars and boards that will become elements of the roof bearing structures, as well as the outer material, for example, a red metal tile.

Turning to the calculations of the number of roofing materials, it should be borne in mind that the length of the backs of the back, in front and side should be 50 cm longer and the width of the base. If you do not fulfill this condition, the walls of the building will fall asleep with snow and pour it rain.

During the construction of the roof of the shed, not only boards and roofing material will be needed, but also waterproofing canvas and fasteners

During the construction of a duplex roofing will be necessary in the following materials:

20 wood bars with a length of 3 m and a cross section of 10x5 cm for the manufacture of rafters;
17 boards for details of the root cross section of 10x2.5 cm and 6 m long;
20 bars with a cross section of 10x5 cm and a length of 4 m, which in the future will become overlap beams;
2 bars cross section 15x5 cm and 7 m long for creating Mauerlat;
the board with a cross section of 10x2.5 cm and a length of 3 m, used for riggers of the rafter legs;
3 rolls of insulating matter;
set of self-tapping and nails;
metal corners, that is, fastening elements that provide the connection of the rafter legs with the beams of overlapping.

Subtleties of the choice of foundation

The type of foundation is chosen, focusing on the building raw materials, from which it is planned to build a building.

The choice of the foundation is influenced by the material of the walls of the shed, because heavy blocks need to be put on a solid base

Types of foundations

For business buildings, it is customary to create one of the following foundations:

column, because it allows you to avoid unforeseen costs, it is built in a short time and is perfect for frame-boiled houses;
screw - the only possible option for construction on soils, characterized by soft, beagon, high content of sand or high humidity;
ribbon monolithic, the erection of which is seriously thought when they are going to build a brick, stone or concrete building;
blind tape, because it is great for buildings on dense and hard soils, is not inferior in strength to monolith, but at the same time it is much cheaper.

Choosing a foundation based on the type of soil on the site

Deciding on what reason to put a barn from foam blocks, you need to carefully analyze the soil at the construction site.

It is from the soil precisely that the choice of foundation mainly depends, because the foundation always interacts with the soil

Consider the following nuances:

If the soil is sandy, you will have to do everything possible so that the foundation created does not damage the earth's displacement under the influence of showers and melting snow. Concerns about the integrity of the base will not occur only if there will be a ribbon monolithic, helical or slab foundation on soil with a large sand content of sand.
When the excessive amount of clay and the sandy is found in the soil, it is necessary to be prepared for the fact that the earth will freeze to a greater depth, and they will appear in it, which deprive the soil of the density required.
Clay soil requires creating a particularly reliable basis that will not shift under the action of frosty powder forces
If the Earth mostly consists of gravel, it is possible to calm down, because the soil with such a composition freezes slightly and is distinguished by stability. Gravel soil is a real find for those who have conceived to put a barn on the foundation from individual supports.
If the soil is rock or solid, then nothing to worry about. It can safely construct any foundation. The only thing in such land should not be installed - these are screw piles.
In the rock soil you can not immerse only screw piles, and the rest of the foundation is quite suitable for it

Nuances of choosing insulation

Although the shed from foam blocks in itself is a kind of thermos, he, like other buildings, requires additional protection of thermal insulation matter. The insulation will insure the room from the cooling of the walls and crumbling of foam blocks.

The material that serves as a cold barrier must be laid on the ceiling and on the floor, outside and inside the shed of foam blocks. This is especially true if the construction is in the area where the cold temperature rests long time.

Shed can be insulated from above and below, outside and inside, thereby creating a barrier for heat output

When they are going to warm the shed from foam blocks, make a choice in favor of one of the following materials:

mineral wool;
styrofoam;
polystyrene foam;
cork plate;
penophol;
polyurethane foam;
ceramzit (exclusively for the floor).

The outdoor side of the shed walls are insulated with a mineral wool if you need to meet the limited budget. But this material attracts not only low cost, but also a good ability to lock the heat to the castle. Mineral wool can miss the pair, which makes it becomes melting and foam blocks, and the space behind them. And this type of insulation does not ignite and does not deteriorate for a long time.

Mineral wool is considered inexpensive and high-quality materials for insulation of shed walls

However, some facts can make you change your mind to warm the shed mineral wool:

the material is well functioning only if it is reliably protected from dampness, and impregnated with moisture, it loses the ability to keep warm air;
insulation, it is important to lay strictly according to the instructions, otherwise it will undertake excessively, which will negatively affect the thermal insulation;
installation of mineral wool can be engaged, only putting on the face respirator.

Polyfoam and expanded polystyrene

The foam and polystyrene foam have the same basis, but differ in their characteristics:

density (polyfoam - only 10 kg per m³, and polystyrene - 40 kg per m³);
water absorption (polystyrene foam compared to the foam practically does not absorb water and steam);
composition (Polyfoam inside contains granules, and expanded polystyrene - completely homogeneous material);
cost (foam plastic is less and therefore often used for insulation walls outside).

Polyfoam is in high demand, as it is easily glued to the walls and is cheaper than polystyrene foam

Polyfoam and polystyrene foam are not comparable to mineral wool, because these insulation do not pass through themselves noise and continue to function without problems under the influence of low temperature. The ability of foamed materials to keep heat is also significantly better than mineral wool.

To traffic jam, as a heater resorted, taking into account the following features of this material:

reliable soldering with a surface with glue;
excellent thermal insulation due to cork structure;
the ability to create a barrier for noise;
lack of need for finishing;
the minimum surface requirements for insulation, which can not be placed perfectly smoothly.

The plug attracts the attention of many, because combines the properties of the insulation and finishing material

Penophol is called foamed foil polyethylene, capable of keeping almost 100% warm air in the building. Since this material has such a unique ability, it is actively used as insulation of the inner walls.

Penophol walls are taken to inspire indoors, because it is distinguished by a small thickness

The installation of foams involves fastening on the walls of the bars cross section 1x1 cm.They form a grid, in the cells of which and laid sliced \u200b\u200bfragments of the heat-insulating material. The seams between the layers of the insulation are sealed with aluminum scotch.

Any places in the house, not excluding the roof and the inner walls, can be insulated with polyurethane foam. Material has become popular thanks to simple installation technology. Polyurethane foam is not attached to the wall, but is sprayed on it without the use of adhesive composition. Therefore, this insulation is tightly firmly connected to the surface when its structure is hardening.

Polyuretrecoretan deserved a good reputation, as it is characterized by the following advantages:

during application on the wall turns into a solid surface without junctions;
does not miss the heat;
weighs little, due to which it does not require additional strengthening of the rafter design;
it is not damaged in compression and tension, as it consists of cells;
serves about 50 years, if not being mechanically exposed;
does not ignite;
carnage and sealed, which is why it does not need to protect the vaporizolation membrane;
creates a wind barrier;
does not become mining of mice and insects;
not covered with mold, because practically does not absorb moisture;
performs the role of a shield when exposed to sounds from the outside;
safe for a person, because its composition is devoid of toxins;
sold at an affordable price.

Polyurethane foam is applied to the wall with an unusual way - spraying

The thermal insulation of polyurethane foam is much better than the ability to keep heat in all other materials.The layer of this insulation with a thickness of 5 cm functions in the same way as 8 cm of foam or mineral wool, laid by a layer of 15 cm.

Polyurethane foam is unusually resistant to the flame. Unlike other insulation, this material is spoiled only if it is in close proximity to the source of fire. Fire polyurethane foam never happens.

When the floor is insulated with clay, they get an ideal layer that does not produce warm air from the building. This material is made solely on a concrete surface, which laid a lattice from a cross-section of 15x10 cm. Between the design elements, the space is 60 cm.

The area usually fall asleep area under the draft floor, which significantly speeds up the process of insulation of the room

Ceramzit consisting of granules, cells created on the floor of the root.The resulting thermal layer is aligned in such a way that the crumbly material is only under the design of the wooden elements. Ceramzite is covered with a vapor insulating film, and later - a rough floor, that is, plywood sheets or oriented chipboard.

List of tools

Build a barn of foam blocks should be:

Step-by-step instructions for the manufacture of pencils from foam blocks

Getting Started with the construction of a household building, the first thing is to prepare the construction site. The plot is cleaned of garbage and make perfectly even. After that, go to the construction of the foundation and other work.

Base for building

Most often, the foundation for a barn of foam blocks makes tape. This type of foundation is created in stages:

The construction site is placed around the perimeter of the building of the building. With this task coped with the help of long rope and pegs.
On the line mounted pegs knocked in the ground, the bottom of which should be 50-100 cm from the surface of the soil, that is, deeper the level of soil freezing. Trench width standard - 30 cm.
Under the ribbon foundation, the shed with two rooms make markup around the perimeter of the construction and under the inner wall
The bottom of the trench is hiding behind a layer of sand with a thickness of 10 cm. The so-called pillow must be dense, so it should be shedding well with water and tamper.
On the sand put another material - gravel. From this construction raw materials form a layer with a thickness of 10 cm.
Sand and gravel distribute evenly and pressed, creating dense layers
On top of a layer of sand and gravel, a steering of matter that protects the created frighting from moisture, which can get into it from a liquid concrete. The waterproofing film is used in such a way that it covers not only gravel, but also the walls of the trench.
Boards or metal sheets are harvested in a formwork - a form filled with concrete. It is important to make auxiliary design so high so that it goes beyond the surface of the earth and towering to the upper edge of the base of the built-up construction. In order to avoid a random displacement of the formwork, its walls are fixed by means of clamps, struts and pods.
Formwork boards strengthen, and inside it is laying metal bars to strengthen the base
Inside the auxiliary design, a frame of metal rods is laid, whose task is to strengthen the established base. Elements designed to make concrete as strong as possible must have a diameter of 10-12 mm.
The frame assembled from metal parts, for one reception is poured with liquid concrete M-250 brand.
Formwork can be removed when concrete fully solids

Concrete to fill the formwork is prohibited if on the street of bad weather or unbearable heat. Otherwise, the composition will not be able to harden for the period, that is, in 4 weeks.

Walling

To build the walls of the barn of foam blocks, perform the following steps:

The concrete base for the construction of walls is purified from dust.
Look, whether there is no defects on the surface of concrete. Detected inconsistencies, for example, sharp protrusions, eliminate.
On a concrete foundation of a waterproofing canvas. For this purpose, usually use the runneroid. Suitable material is also considered hydroize.
To glue the foam blocks, a solution consisting of one part of the sand and three parts of cement is prepared.
Blocks are stacked as bricks, that is, be sure to overlap the seams
In the corners of the foundation, the first foam blocks are put. The following elements of masonry put between them. One foam block must be connected to another seam thick no more than 3 cm.
The first line of laid foam blocks, as all subsequent ranks, check for evenness.
Having created a third line of foam blocks, laid metal bars. Armature with a diameter of 8 mm is needed to harden the walls. It is customary to use every time you need to post the next fourth series of blocks.
Metal bars are laying before laying every fourth row

Video: Fabry block facilities

Installation of roof

The construction of the roof is proceeded, making sure that the solution is hardened between foam blocks. The roof should be built in stages:

Blocks laid by the latter are protected by two layers of rubberoid and through metal spills are connected to Mauerlat's bars. It is important that the hairpins are installed evenly at a distance of 1.2 meters one from another.
Brussia Maurolalat is put only after staining blocks with waterproofing material
The construction of the rafter feet is collected on the ground. Each element of the rafter system is created, focusing on a previously manufactured template on which the necessary grooves are made.
The first thing on the walls of foam blocks put two end farms creating frontons. Their position is corrected if necessary. To strengthen farms use temporary stops and a board, which is navigable to the wall of the building.
All the frontones put along the level of stretched twine, otherwise the roof will not be smooth and hermetic
Between the installed extreme farms at the level of the board, which will be a skate, from two sides (at points of completion of the rapid system) stretch the twine.
The extreme farms are firmly plugged with Mauerlat. It leaves the labels that will help to place the following elements of the rafter system. Only after that, on the base of the roof, the remaining farms are placed. At the same time pay attention to a predetermined landmark - stretched twine.
The carrying structure of the roof is covered with a waterproofing membrane, and on top of it put a 5x6 cm with a cross-section of 5x6 cm. The created base is covered with metal tiles.
Roofing material is fixed to the peel through a screwdriver and special roofing screws

Wanting to make attachments of fasteners more hard, it is wiserfully use the metal mounting elements. The details of the wood with the task will be copred bad, since they gradually dry, interfering with nails provide the necessary rigidity of the compounds.

Warming up

The barn is preferable to insulate the outside and cover the plaster, which gives the building a finished look

The task of insulation of the shed is as follows:

The surface is purified from dirt and align if there are protrusions on it.
Walls are treated with primer composition.
Armed with dowels and anchors, on the prepared surface, the planks are recorded, which will be supported for the first line of sheets of foam.
Preparing glue, mixing the P22 polymine brand and cold water. The composition is converted into a homogeneous mass with a drill to which a mixer is affected. To obtain the required consistency, the solution is left for 5 minutes.
The plate of foam is treated with glue. The composition is beyond the entire perimeter, retreating from the edges of 3 cm. In this case, it is not applied to solid lines, but leave lumets that will ensure air circulation. On the central part of the plate, the glue is applied with strokes with a diameter of about 10 cm.
The adhesive composition does not smear over the entire surface, and they are damaged
The foam-treated foam plate is pressed against the wall with such a force so that the glue does not focus beyond the segment of the material.

Fastening elements can be installed at stove joints, thereby tying each other two adjacent elements of the insulation

The slopes of windows and doors are protected from the displacement by means of perforated aluminum coal.
All foam plates attached to the walls are smeared with glue, forming a layer with a thickness of 3 mm. On it, applying a large spatula, put the reinforcing grid. It is immersed in the adhesive composition evenly.
A few days later, during which glue must harden, the insulation is covered with plaster.
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The construction of household buildings can be carried out from any suitable materials, as they are not demanding of their design. As a rule, the walls do not inspire. Most often, the sheds of foam blocks, brick or aerated concrete are built.

Construction of the host The buildings are often carried out of foam blocks, aerated concrete or brick.

Construction of a shed without the construction of the foundation is unacceptable. However, contrary to this all known fact, very many homeowners misses this important detail. Because of this, the structure loses reliability, it can easily suffer due to bad weather, and this leads to the fact that the structure will need to be rebuilt.

Under the barn it is necessary to build a foundation.

Sarams are available in almost all the courtyards, they store garden equipment, various things and tools, contain birds and pets, store food and building materials, etc. Deciding to build the foam blocks, you reliably and quickly solve all questions with storage. Before starting to build a barn, you need to make a project in which all established norms and needs will be taken into account.

Before starting construction, you need to pick up the most convenient place for the construction. The barn should not be built in sight, and at the same time, a convenient approach is needed. It is best not to put it opposite the house, but to take him a comfortable place behind the house or in the depths of the courtyard. You should not build it in lowland, since during floods or rains it can be flooded.

Advantage of buildings

The construction of sheds and other economic buildings from this material is a profitable investment.
Foam blocks are inexpensive, economical, durable, environmentally friendly, biologically material is the perfect option for the construction of the host. buildings.

Compared to the brick, the purchase of foam blocks costs cheaper, and with the help of it you can build a house or a barn with a wall thickness of more than 30 cm. Foam blocks are easy to cut and combine with various materials. The buildings built from foam blocks have the ability to "breathe", which reduces the likelihood of the appearance of mold and various fungi, and also makes the room more comfortable.
Foam blocks inexpensive, economical, durable, environmentally friendly, biologically comfortable and properties and qualities are close to the tree, but they do not burn and have durability. This material combined the advantages of wood and stone: lightness, strength and lightweight.

The construction of sheds from foam concrete has noticeable differences from construction, for example, sheds from brick only in technical aspects, but not in appearance, quality and configuration. Therefore, if you planned the construction of a barrier barrier, then, making uncomplicated recalculations, you can build the same barn of foam blocks. It will only be left to choose the appropriate brand of this material. In addition, the construction of Sarai from this material will take much less time. Creating houses and sheds from foam blocks simplifies summing up communications - in foam concrete, it is very easy to strob in various channels for the heating system, plumbing pipes and wiring.

Technology of creating foam blocks

The process of creating foam blocks is very simple: the liquid concrete foams, poured the form when it freezes the foam concrete block.

The technology of creating foam blocks is very simple: for this, the liquid concrete is replete, and when it is frozen, foam concrete is formed, which is filled with a large number of small bubbles. We make these blocks on two technologies: cutting technology and casting. Standard dimensions of material made on casting technology: 100x300x600 or 200x300x600. These parameters are most convenient for the construction of household buildings and houses. With this technology, a mixture of concrete is spilled by the forms of the specified size and are waiting until complete drying. In the manufacture of foam blocks on a cutting technology, first of all one large common unit is formed, and then after the frozen it is cut on parts of the desired size.

Tools and materials

For construction, you will need: roulette, level, square, ruler, drill, shovels.

measuring Tools: Roulette, Folding, Construction Level, Cornel, Rule;

the tool for the manufacture of the solution: a concrete mixer or drill (perforator) with a special nozzle, bucket, shovels for supplying material and for digging trenches;

water watering can and tanks for solution and other materials;

pump and flexible hose for supplying a solution;

sand, cement, gravel, water;

armature and wire;

asbestoste waterproof wavy slate;

foam blocks;

electroly saw or hacksaw for sawing material;

stairs;

waterproofing materials;

a hammer;

self-tapping screws; nails;

wooden bars, boards, rails;

putty knife;

other auxiliary building material and tool for finishing and facilitating the works.

The construction of a barn of foam blocks consists of several stages.

Foundation Saraja

The construction of the barn begins with the construction of the foundation.

Starting to build a ribbon foundation you need to grow trenches. The required depth is 50-60 cm (depending on the weight of the structure). Trenches under the foundation should pass under the bearing internal partitions and the outer walls of the future shed. With the simplest version, when the shed needs to be built without inner walls, trenches are prepared only around the perimeter.

After that, on the bottom of the trench under the foundation, sand and small gravel fall asleep under the foundation, in the amount of its height should not exceed 20 cm. In order to give the concrete to the rigidity, the reinforcement frame is used. Since foam blocks are not heavy material, then the rods need to be taken with a cross section of 10 mm. The reinforcement should be laid in two layers, and it should not come into contact with the Earth on the one hand. The distance to the soil should be at least 50 mm.

All transverse reinforcement bars are fastened with a knitting wire. For the stability of the frame, vertical bars are additionally installed. They must be copped with the rest to increase rigidity. After that, from the boards we build a formwork, and after - the fill of concrete. The solution is fed into trenches using a pump and a flexible hose, where it will be evenly distributed by a concrete vibrator. All solution must be pouring at a time. The finished foundation must be left for several days so that it can dry. It is necessary to sprinkle the foundation for water from the watering to the foundation so that it does not crack and did not dismiss.

The following stages of construction are the construction of walls and roofs.

Building a barn does not represent any difficulties. During construction, it is necessary to provide in advance to the door and window opening. The walls from the blocks are put on the waterproofing layer, which is pre-laid on the foundation. For the construction, a construction mixture from cement and sand is used or special glue is used (thanks to it, the docking seams turns out to be minimal).

Each row must be shifted by half the foam block length relative to the previous row. Work should be started from the corner of the corneed shed. This uses an angular block. It is very important using the construction level, constantly monitor the vertical of the walls. You can make an electron or with a hacksaw. This building material has a proper geometric shape and the same dimensions. Due to this, you can build a barn very high quality and quickly.

Roof mounting

The roof for a barn will not require large financial investments, while it will be enough to make a single-table design, covering it with slate. The basis for this design can be the guide bar, and the blocking beams are installed between it. When adjusting, it is necessary to observe a step in 1 m. A suitable diameter for timber will be 100-150 mm. All rafters are supported by vertical racks, while it is necessary to take into account that for the effective distribution of the load, the rack must be placed closer to the middle of the rafter. Slate needs to be laid on the prepared framework. Attach it, starting from below, self-drawing or nails.

Finish Saraja

The finished room can be insulated, make an inner and outdoor finish, install racks, a table or shelves for inventory and business work, etc. It all depends on what purpose you have erected this structure.

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