Roofing for roof types. Roofing materials

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Any roof, no matter whether it is a residential private house, a cottage or an outbuilding, needs the right choice and installation of the roof. It depends on how the roof will endure the negative effects of natural factors, as well as its service life. That is why it is so important to choose high-quality and suitable roofing materials for a particular building, the types and prices of which are presented in this article.

It is important to correctly determine the type of roofing material required.

Roofing materials for the roof: types and prices from various global and domestic manufacturers

There are a lot of options for roofing materials that differ in purpose and properties in operation. Some are the best option for covering the roof of a dwelling, the latter are suitable exclusively for household facilities.

Metal roof tiles: types, options, scope

This material is one of the most popular among modern builders of roofing materials for the roof (types and prices are presented below), and this is no coincidence, because in addition to excellent performance properties, it has a beautiful appearance.

It is made of steel sheets of different thickness, treated with a special coating that prevents dents, scratches and other deformations from small debris and stones. Corrosion can occur as a consequence of damage to the varnish layer, which will significantly reduce the life of your roof.

In addition to the standard galvanized steel sheet, other metals can serve as the basis for the metal tile, which will be somewhat different:

Aluminum tiles have a number of advantages, which include factors such as resistance to corrosion and lightness. The disadvantages of this solution are relatively high cost, and a limited range of colors.

Copper as a roofing material, it exhibits such properties as durability and reliability, and in addition, it is a truly sophisticated solution. As with any other copper surface, a greenish coating will appear on such a roof over time, protecting the metal from damage in a similar way to polymer coatings.

There are a number of different design solutions in the field of metal roofs, each of which has its own characteristic features:

Roofing is very popular among world manufacturers. Monterrey , shaped like an ordinary clay tile.

Profile Cascade in its shape it resembles a chocolate bar, and is great for covering complex-shaped roofs. This solution is optimal for those who want a strict, concise, classic roof.
Profile Joker similar to a ceramic coating and has smooth waves, and is also considered one of the basic, traditional roofing options.
Profile Banga was introduced in construction quite recently, but has already managed to win fans thanks to the non-standard form of a high wave, thanks to which a three-dimensional image is created.

Andalusia , like the previous version, appeared on the market not so long ago, however, it has established itself as a high-quality tile, surpassing even Monterrey in fastening.

Shanghai , brought to Russia by Chinese workers, has a complex geometric shape.

Metal roofing for a roof: types and prices for them

	View	Average price, rub/m2
Metal Profile	Monterrey	from 345
	Maxi	from 345
	Standard	from 340
grand line	Classic	from 304
	Modern	from 209
	Kvinta	from 338
Ruukki	Finnera	from 660
	Monterrey	from 490
	Elite	from 1260
	Armorium	from 815

Decking: scope, application features

The corrugated board is made from the same material as the metal tile, but it is used mainly for household and industrial purposes, for example, to cover sheds or shops. Thanks to the technology of its manufacture, such material, with proper installation, can last up to 50 years.

Benefits of using corrugated board:

resistance to corrosion, adverse natural influences and mechanical deformation;
long service life;
ease of installation due to the convenient shape and lightness of the design.

Attention! Decking, like metal tiles, has a high noise level, which is why the roof needs additional sound insulation.

Manufacturer's name	View	Average price, rub/m2
Roofing 4 seasons Polyester	C8	240
Roofing 4 seasons Polyester	C8	558
Roof 4 seasons Printek	C21	275
Roof 4 seasons Printek	C21	669
Grand Line Atlas	C8	436
	C21	497
	H60	580
	CH35	496
Grand Line Velur	C8	450
	C21	514
	H60	599
	CH35	513

Related article:

Ondulin: natural roofing material

Ondulin is a sheet roofing, which is made on the basis of cellulose impregnated with polymeric substances. From above, ondulin is painted with a special paint that is immune to thermal effects.

Advantages :

naturalness, environmental friendliness and safety of use;
good indicators of moisture resistance;
simple installation, low weight, the ability to cut the material with a simple hacksaw;
absolutely silent;
budget prices.

Manufacturer's name	View	Average price, rub/m2
Onduline France	leaf green	455
	leaf red	437
	leaf brown	437
	Zinc sheet	370
	Skate element red	288
Ondulin Russia	leaf green	328
	leaf red	331
	leaf brown	331
	Ridge element brown	308
	Skate element red	308
	Skate element green	321

Seam roofing of the roofs of a private house: types and price

This material consists of processed steel sheets coated with a layer of zinc on top. Often, elements for enhanced protection against aggressive environmental influences are also coated with special polymeric liquids. Thus, a seam roof is a coating that consists of sheets fastened together.

Types of similar material:

single elements;
standing;
double;
recumbent.

Benefits of using a seam coating:

immunity to low temperatures, no risk of fire;
high flexibility and low weight, allowing installation even in complex roof shapes;
aesthetics, brevity.

Name	Coating type	Average price, rub/m2
Self-locking fold	Galvanization	316
	Polyester	419
	Atlas	529
	Velours	544
	Quartzite Light	594
Double standing seam (Profi)	Galvanization	274
	Polyester	363
	Safari	516
	Velours	473
	Quartzite	652
Double standing seam	Galvanization	274
	Polyester	363
	Atlas	459
	print	595
	Velours	473

Soft roof for the roof: types

There are a number of coatings related to, which include materials such as, mastic, polymer membrane, various roll materials.All of them have the following positive properties:

immunity to the negative influence of weather conditions, various kinds of deformations;
simple installation that does not require special skills and equipment.
Complete fire safety, soundproofing;
long service life.

As you know, there is no house without a roof. It is the shape of the roof and its covering that give the building a complete image, crown it, decorate it. The main purpose of the roof is to protect the building from rain, hail, snow, solar radiation. Therefore, the roof of the house should not only be beautiful, but also, first of all, a durable, reliable and practical construction.

The importance of proper construction

When erecting any structure, even the simplest, it is imperative to know and strictly follow certain construction rules. So, all the standards relating to the design and construction of the roof are spelled out in the document "SP 17.13330.2011", which is the current updated version of another document "SNiP II-26-76". The requirements contained in these rules are valid throughout the territory of our country and apply to the construction of roofs of all possible compositions in buildings of various purposes. The document contains a list of permitted roofing materials and requirements for them.

The possibility of using other compositions for roofing must be confirmed in accordance with the procedure established by law.

These requirements must be strictly followed not only when building a new house, but also when reconstructing or overhauling the roofs of buildings with roofs made of these materials. In addition to complying with construction standards, it is necessary that all materials used, literally to every nail, comply with GOST. Only in this case, the erected roof will be reliable, and living in the house will be safe.

Description

The roof is such a final link of the roof, its finishing coating, which performs protective and aesthetic functions. The roof must be waterproof, lightweight, durable, inexpensive to maintain, and meet fire safety requirements.

When choosing a roof covering, consider factors such as:

roof shape;
features of the truss system;
roof pitch,
climatic conditions.

Classification

How the roof of the building will look externally is determined even before the start of all work.

All types of roofs can be combined into two groups, taking into account the slope and the number of side planes, called slopes:

flat roofs;
roofs with one or more slopes.

A flat roof is a rectangular, flat area with a slope of no more than three degrees. This type of roof in modern housing construction is used only when it is planned to be used additionally. For example, to equip a recreation area, a swimming pool, a helipad. In small private houses, the use of this form is impractical, since stagnation of rain and melt water can occur on it, and there is no need to talk about its great reliability and durability.

Undoubtedly, pitched roofs are more practical, although they are more costly and difficult to build. The advantages include the fact that the main enemy of the roof - water easily flows down the slopes of the roof, without lingering and without causing harm.

Depending on the features of the roofing system, pitched roofs come with either an attic or an attic. An attic is a room organized directly under the roof and suitable for habitation. The attic differs from the second floor with low walls (no more than 1.5 m). The existing varieties of pitched roofs are divided into types depending on the design features.

Pitched roofs are as follows:

lean-to;
gable;
hip;
half hip;
tent;

multi-forceps;
broken lines;
domed;
conical;
combined.

The most inexpensive and simple single-slope design in the device. Such roofs are found on sheds, garages and other outbuildings. A shed roof has a flat roof supported by walls of varying heights. It is due to the different heights of the support that the slope is obtained. The disadvantage of this design is the absence of at least some attic space, and the appearance of such a roof is not pleasing to the eye.

The form of a gable roof has come down to us from time immemorial and is perhaps the most common and familiar roof for a one-story house, especially in rural areas. There is only one explanation for this - practicality. The slopes can be located both symmetrically and at different angles of inclination, be equal in length and not quite. This shape of the roof makes it easy to create an attic or attic under it.

The design has two slopes, united on the end sides by gables, and on top with a “ridge”, which strengthens and protects the roof seam formed at the junction of the slopes.

Gables are mandatory and very important elements of a gable roof. They close the space between the slopes, thereby protecting the attic from the effects of wind and precipitation. The slopes of the roof rest on the gables, due to which the load on the walls of the building is redistributed. Finally, due to its location, the pediment can be an attic wall.

The hip roof is obtained from a gable structure by replacing the gables with two more slopes having the shape of a triangle. The slopes in this case are called hips, hence the name of the entire roof. At the top of one of the hips is a hatch called a dormer window. In fact, a hip roof is a hipped structure, difficult to build, but very resistant to natural disasters, such as hurricane winds or heavy rain.

If the pediments of a gable roof are given a trapezoidal shape, and the upper part of the pediment is covered with a small triangular slope, or, conversely, the lower part is covered with a slope, and the top of the pediment is made triangular, then a semi-hinged roof will be obtained. In terms of design, a building with a similar roof takes on an interesting appearance.

The hipped form is also a type of hip roof. There can be three or more sectors (hips) depending on the shape of the support. There is no ridge, and the hips converge at one point with amazingly perfect accuracy, forming a tent over the building. Buildings with complex, polygonal shapes are covered with a multi-gable roof.

The design of such a roof is complex, but nevertheless it makes it possible to create structures that are unique in appearance.

The sloping type of roof is often called a mansard roof. This is a cost-effective design, as it allows you to organize additional living space.

Domed, as well as conical roof shapes, are rare in the construction of private residential premises in our time. The use of this form implies a round structure under the roof. Often such roofs cover not the whole building, but its individual parts. For example, an oval-shaped terrace or some decorative elements: towers, rotundas.

Combined roofs have the most complex structure. In fact, they are combinations of different types of roofs, which gives a lot of room for design ideas. Such structures are difficult to build, not easy to maintain. However, it is the combined roofs that can increasingly be found on modern cottages.

All coverage options

In modern construction of private residential buildings, the following types of roofing materials are used:

roll;
mastic;
membrane;
leafy;
piece or set.

Rolled coatings include roofing felt and roofing felt known to all. These coatings are made from polymeric and bituminous materials. As a reinforcing base, layers of cardboard, fiberglass or polyester are used. Such a coating can be used for roofing both on flat and pitched roofs.

A feature of the application is a continuous crate of wooden rafters. Glued plywood panels turned upside down can be used as solid flooring. The slope of the roof should be 10-30 degrees. Roofing material is attached to the flooring in a hot way: the roll is heated and rolled out on the roof with a roller. For reliability, the material is laid in several layers. Moreover, if a flat roof with a wooden floor is covered, then for the purposes of fire safety, the first layer is nailed, and the next one is already welded.

Repairing such a roof is simple: the old coating is cleaned of dirt and a new layer is laid on top.

Roll materials also include such modern roofing as bituminous tiles. This is fiberglass with bituminous impregnation. One of its sides has an adhesive surface, and on the other hand, the canvas is covered with multi-colored mineral chips. The panel is easily bent, therefore it is able to easily, without much effort, take the shape of the surface. Due to this property, shingles are increasingly being used for roofing on non-standard roofs.

Roll coatings have their advantages and disadvantages.

The benefits include the following:

high sound insulation;
thermal insulation;
frost resistance;
small mass;
no corrosion.

The main disadvantages are that:

the coating may tear, crack;
roofing material and roofing felt are subject to decay over time;
the material is flammable;
under the influence of sunlight, the coating fades.

Mastic roofing is used only on flat roofs due to the fact that it is a bulk material. It is easy to install. On a pre-prepared, dried base, covered, for example, with fiberglass, several layers of mastic are applied. It is used in the construction of large residential and industrial buildings.

The disadvantage is the difficulty of obtaining a uniform thickness of the coating.

Mastic roofs are of three types, such as:

reinforced;
unreinforced;
combined.

The advantages of mastic roofing are as follows:

cheaper than roll materials;
high moisture protection indicators;
quickly mounted;
tightness;
fire resistance;
thermal stability, since the roof withstands temperature changes from -40 to +100 degrees.

Membrane roofs are made from a film made from a special polymer. Membrane coatings are used mainly on flat roofs. Film sheets, called membranes, are laid out on the surface with an overlap and attached to each other by exposure to hot air or using special adhesive tape. The membranes are attached to the roof surface with nails, screws or glue.

Such a roof has a high strength. It is quick and easy to install. But, rather expensive material quickly fades under the action of sunlight.

Perhaps the most common were and remain roofs made of sheet materials. Steel, slate, ondulin, corrugated board, metal tiles, asbestos plywood are attached to a wooden crate with self-tapping screws or nails. Steel roofing does not burn and will last up to 30 years. The slope angle should be 18-30 degrees.

Slate also does not burn, withstands low temperatures well, does not heat up under the action of sunlight, and does not pass electric current. The slope angle should be 8-20 degrees.

Ondulin are cardboard-bitumen sheets. It is produced by impregnating organic fibers with bitumen. The process takes place at high values of state parameters, such as pressure and temperature. Since there are no asbestos compounds in the composition of the material, ondulin is considered one of the most environmentally friendly roofing materials.

Decking is called metal sheets coated with a layer of zinc or paint. Quite durable and practical material. When used, additional soundproofing is required.

There are three brands of corrugated board.

Mark H. It has a large bearing capacity, used for horizontal structures.
Mark C. Used for vertical structures.
HC brand. A versatile material that can be used for both horizontal and vertical applications.

At the same time, profiled sheets of grades H and HC are more suitable for roofing. Grade C material is used only on small buildings with a roof slope of 60 degrees. When buying a profiled sheet, pay attention to the thickness, height and type of profile, as well as its protective coating.

The metal tile is a slate-like galvanized sheet coated with a polymer. It is inexpensive, lightweight, easy to install, fire resistant, and not afraid of heat changes. But, at the same time, it has poor sound insulation, heats up under the action of sunlight, and is prone to corrosion. It cracks easily if not transported properly.

Asbofanera is as easy to install as all sheet materials. It practically does not burn, but will not last long, because it can become damp. To enhance the water resistance, the asbestos plywood coating will have to be periodically painted over.

Perhaps, all the shortcomings of sheet coverings are taken into account in a new, modern material - composite tiles. This is a sheet roofing, which is steel sheets coated on both sides with an aluminum alloy. This is followed by layers of aluminum primer, stone granules and acrylic glaze. The material does not know what corrosion is, does not transmit heat and sound, does not change color under the influence of solar radiation, does not transmit or absorb moisture. It is fastened with forged nails.

Composite tiles can last half a century, but during the construction of the roof it will be necessary to provide a vapor barrier, since composite tiles do not allow steam to pass through. The second disadvantage is that the material has a high cost.

Type-setting or piece roofing includes such coatings as natural, polymer-sand, cement-sand, ceramic tiles. Beautiful in appearance, having all the possible advantages, having almost a century of service life, tiles are not the most common roofing material. Tiled roofing has a very high cost and no less heavy weight. Therefore, it is used in the construction of only elite structures and requires a reinforced truss system and high-quality crates.

Color solutions

Choosing the right roof color for your home can be tricky.

In doing so, the following factors must be taken into account:

location of the building;
climatic conditions;
color scheme of the facade;
the color of adjacent buildings.

Most often there are roofs of the following colors:

brown;
red;
burgundy;
dark green;
black.

The prevalence is explained by the fact that these colors are well combined with facades of various types and colors. When choosing a roof color, you need to understand that dark colors absorb solar radiation, so a dark roof will heat up in the heat of summer.

For this reason, dark roofs are more often used in northern regions. While in the southern regions light roofing materials are used more. Bright colors on roofing look very impressive, but fade quickly and are used only for buildings built without architectural frills.

When choosing a color scheme for a roof, it must be remembered that shades of the same spectrum are always win-win combined with each other. For example, if the facade is painted in warm colors, then the roof is made in warm colors. Cold colors are combined with cold shades. The combination of natural shades with beige and brown colors, as well as with ocher, is considered a classic.

An interesting facade is needed for a gray roof, otherwise the house will look boring.

Manufacturers Overview

The modern construction market offers a huge selection of roofing coatings from both domestic and foreign manufacturers. The most famous brands of roofing that are in demand and have proven themselves in the modern construction market can be classified by country of origin.

Germany is represented by such three well-known manufacturers as:

the Lafarge concern is famous for its Braas brand roofing;
the Crotop concern produces accessories for roofs;
Creaton manufactures ceramic tiles.

The Spanish company Cupa Natural Slate produces roofing slates of the Cupa brand.
The Italian company Tegola Canadese produces shingles based on bituminous Tegola brand.
The French company OFIC SA produces roofing materials of the Onduline brand;
The French company Terreal produces ceramic tiles of the Terreal brand.

Popular Finnish manufacturers are the following:

Lemminkainen manufactures bitumen roofing, mastics, roll coverings and shingles under the Pikipika brand;
Katepal OY produces roofing and waterproofing coatings under the Ruflex brand;
Weckman Steel OY manufactures Weckman brand metal roofing and corrugated board.

Among Russian manufacturers, the most famous are the following:

trading house "Omi" produces roofing coverings of the same name;
TechnoNIKOL manufactures shingles shingles;
Supron LLC produces Suprn brand roofing from environmentally friendly components.

Do not lag behind in a variety of types, types and colors and Chinese roofing.

Chinese-made coatings are as follows:

metal - made of copper, zinc, galvanized steel;
mineral - from crushed natural stone;
organic - bitumen, polymers, wood shingles, straw are used for production.

The most popular Chinese metal tile made of cold-rolled galvanized steel. The material is durable, does not burn, does not deform. Can last up to 100 years.

Accessories and tools

To get a beautiful, high-quality roof, you need to use the right fasteners - screws, self-tapping screws, screws. It is also necessary to have at least a minimum set of tools for roofing.

To mount the roof, you will need tools such as:

carpenter's hammer;
a construction stapler for attaching a vapor barrier sheet;
a medium-sized hacksaw with a blade length of up to 40 centimeters;
construction cord for leveling the roof;
contrasting color marker for marking;
screwdriver with suitable nozzles;
pliers.

How to make your own?

Since roofing does not require special equipment, they can be done independently.

Roofing works can be divided into three stages, namely:

design;
erection of the truss system;
roofing.

At the design stage, the shape of the roof and the steepness of the slopes are determined.

The decisive factors will be:

climatic conditions: a lot of snow and rain - the slope is steep, strong winds - on the contrary, gentle;
type of roofing material. For example, when using shingles, the angle of inclination must be at least 22 degrees, because otherwise rainwater will seep through the joints.

The rafter system is the most important part of the roof and is a system of inclined rails called rafter legs, vertically arranged racks and inclined struts. Rafters provide roof stability, give reliability to the roof, redistribute the load on the entire building. The location of the elements of the truss system is directly related to the shape of the roof. A gable roof will have one truss system, a hip roof will have another.

When building a roof yourself, you need to remember that even the smallest deviation from the technology of mounting rafters can result in a collapse of the roof.

After the truss structure is ready, they begin to mount the roofing pie, which is a multi-layer structure located directly under the roofing material. The roofing pie serves to protect the roof from moisture penetration, heat loss, and prevents condensation from forming.

It consists of the following elements:

vapor barrier;
insulation layer;
waterproofing;
counterlattice;
ventilated space;
crate;
roofing material.

To properly mount the roofing pie, you must perform a certain algorithm of actions.

From the side of the attic, a vapor barrier membrane film is attached to the rafters with a stapler, placing it with the outlet side inside the attic. The seams between the panels of the film are glued with adhesive tape. This is the first layer of the pie.
The second layer is laid on top - this is a heater, which is better to choose according to the criterion "on fire - does not burn."
The third layer is a waterproofing film, which covers the insulation on top. It is fixed with a stapler, the seams are glued with tape.
At the next step, a counter-lattice is nailed to the rafters. A counter-lattice or counter-beam is a beam that provides roof ventilation. Thanks to the counter-lattice, a free space is formed between the insulation layer and the crate, allowing air to circulate freely.

A crate is nailed to the counter-beam, that is, boards to which the roof will be attached. At the same time, the material of the roof is taken into account: for flexible tiles, a continuous flooring is required, for slate - sparse.
Lay and fix the coating, using the instructions from the manufacturer.
Auxiliary roofing structures are installed: snow retainers, gutters.

How to carry out the installation of the roof, see the following video.

roofing material is chosen when designing the truss system;
the choice of roofing material depends on the angle of inclination of the roof;
a roof with two or four slopes can be covered with any roofing;
when buying roofing materials, it is imperative to take installation instructions from the seller;
tiles are used if the values of the angle of inclination of the roof are in the range from 30 to 60 degrees;
if the slope is an angle of 8 to 18 degrees, it is more advisable to use bituminous coatings;

steel sheets must be painted every 10 years. The paint will protect the roof from corrosion;
multi-gable roofs are covered with flexible coatings: corrugated board, bitumen, metal tiles;
installation of metal tiles begins with the end of the roof. The first sheets are attached to the rafters with one self-tapping screw, screwed into the fold of the wave. This will ensure the mobility of the sheet and allow it to be leveled if necessary. The metal tile can be mounted at any time of the year;
all types of slate are overlapped using a hinged mount;
asbestos-cement slate is laid regardless of air temperature, while ondulin and PVC slate become brittle in frost;

dry, warm weather is necessary for laying roll coatings;
soft tiles begin to be laid from the eaves;
before you start laying a roof of ceramic tiles, it will be useful to first practice. Tiles have a special locking system;
elements of cement-sand tiles have ready-made holes for nails;
before starting work, it is necessary to take care of fire-retardant and antiseptic impregnation of all wooden roof elements.

The general rules for working with roofing material are as follows:

cutting is done on the ground. If, nevertheless, it became necessary to cut off the material, already being on the roof, then sawdust must be removed;
before starting installation, it is necessary to examine the plane of the roof on which the material will be laid. It must have a flat and clean surface;
work is performed in soft shoes to feel the surface;
before the final fixing, it is impossible to step on the sheets;
work begins with the processing of obstacles - chimneys, dormer windows;
the coating elements are fixed using the fasteners recommended by the manufacturer.

By following the instructions and safety requirements attached to the material, you can create a beautiful, high-quality and durable roof with your own hands.

Beautiful examples in the exterior

When considering any building, a person first of all pays attention to its roof, or rather, to its visible part - the roof. The roof of the house, its appearance always remains the pride of its owner.

Properly selected roofing can become an adornment of even the most nondescript building.

In the modern world, cubic-shaped houses are gaining great popularity. The cube house has a flat roof. It is not only beautiful and unusual, but also practical. On a flat roof, you can arrange a recreation area with a terrace and a green lawn.
A shed roof can become a decoration of a two- or three-story private house. With the right choice of color scheme, unusual and interesting options are obtained.

The asymmetric gable roof on a one-story or two-story private house looks original. The appearance of the building is immediately perceived differently.

There are many options for asymmetrical roofing:

Arrange the slopes at different angles.
Make slopes of different widths.
If the house has several floors, then lengthen one slope, turning it into a canopy.
Build a veranda under one of the slopes.

The use of soft tiles as a coating surprisingly transforms a gable roof.
The arrangement of viewing windows on the slopes of the roof gives the whole structure originality.

Several different types of roofs look impressive on the same building.

A gable roof is well combined with a hip roof:

The slope is located above the pediment. In addition to the original appearance, such a constructive solution makes it possible to equip a room in the attic.
The slope is located under the pediment. Small windows located on the gables will decorate such a roof.

The appearance of the attic roof becomes more spectacular when the angle of inclination of the rafters changes.
The decoration of the design of the house will be the device of a canopy over the balcony in the form of a sloping mansard roof.

To make the house extraordinary, memorable, unlike others, the right color combinations of facade and roofing allow:

buildings always look harmonious if they have a facade of light gray, white or lemon color, and a green roof, or a cream facade under a brown roof;
combinations of blue, green, white walls under a black or gray roof look noble and expensive;
if the buildings around are covered with brown and gray roofs, then the red roof will effectively distinguish the house from the crowd;
a blue facade with gray or white elements under a gray roof looks elegant and modern;

the classic combination is a dark top and a light bottom. The most common option. Light walls of the facade and contrasting color of the roof;
tone-on-tone combination. The roof and walls of the same shade will give the building solidity and elegance;
dark walls under a light roof. To prevent the roof from dissolving against the general background, it is necessary to repeat its color on windows, doors, gutters.

Construction never stands still, and every year more and more high-quality roofing materials are invented. In this article you will find a description of the most famous of them. You can evaluate all the pros and cons of each of them and choose the right product for yourself.

What to look for when choosing a roofing material?

To date, the following types of roofing materials can be identified in construction:

. It is made of ceramics, metal, cement-sand base, bitumen

Asbestos cement sheets. They are flat or wavy. In construction, this material is often called slate. There are two types - standard and euroslate (ondulin)

Profiled metal sheets or just corrugated board

Sheets of metal different kind

Membrane roof

Ruberoid

When choosing a particular product, we often choose the best product, but what to look for when buying in a hardware store? Roofing materials, although they consist of different bases, have their own characteristics, so when choosing a purchase, you should look at them.

Maximum loads. There are two things to think about here. After all, conventionally, such loads can be disassembled into two types. One will show only the mass of the structure itself, and the second indicator will show the mass of snow cover in winter. It is located according to regulatory documents individually for each region of the country
The purpose of the building. It all depends on how the building will be used. For example, if the building is residential, then it is advisable to create a wooden truss system, in which there will be a certain number of slopes and lay all of them, for example, with ondulin. But if the building is industrial, therefore, the roof will be either flat or with a slight slope, and they will fit
Service life and fire resistance. If you are a reasonable person, then you will never buy roofing material with a service life of a couple of years or use expensive products on temporary structures.

When you know the warranty periods that manufacturers provide for their roofing materials, it is already easier to navigate. Therefore, I have described the term for the most common types.

Soft tiles can last you about 20 years
For a new metal tile, manufacturers are advised to come after 15 years. But here the real time may be less important, it's all about coating the product with polymers
Standard tiles serve, as a rule, up to 30 years. But in reality, it breaks down much faster. It's about its structure. Although manufacturers give a guarantee for frost resistance, it is almost impossible to change this material because in most cases the destruction occurs due to moisture vapor, but the company will not give a guarantee for this
The average "life" of slate is 10 years
Ondulin will last up to 15 years
Metal roofs occupy almost all time ranges, from 40 years to a century. Copper and its alloy with titanium is the most durable product known today. Only the price scares away, but if you compare it with the service life, then this is justified
The shelf life of slate as a roof is 40 years

IMPORTANT: The period of operation can be drastically reduced if the installation is incorrect or of poor quality, as well as when already damaged material is laid on the roof.

Most likely, this information will not be enough, and you want to consider in more detail all types of roofing materials for the roof, then let me tell you right now.

Ceramic or standard tiles

Roofing materials can be divided into types by cost, and this roofing will be one of the most expensive, but do not worry, the cost of roof tiles often compensates for their aesthetics and durability.

After all, clay is used as the basis in the production of this product. Finished plates have a mass of two kilograms.

Roofing made of tiles is very durable, while the manufacturer gives a fairly solid guarantee for such roofing materials.

The service life can be up to 150 years, but this is subject to the use of good materials in the manufacture of the product and high-quality installation.

A ceramic roof can be laid in all types of buildings, whether they are made of brick, wood or rubble. The main thing is to get into the range of degrees of inclination. It is 25-60 o and is considered optimal for roofing work with tiles to be carried out as safely as possible, because materials with such a mass are somewhat demanding of themselves.

A roof structure with a slope of less than 22° requires additional ventilation and waterproofing measures.
The slope, which is in the range of 22-60 °, allows the fastening of elements using standard methods and materials
When the slope reaches 60 ° or more, then it is already worth fixing the roofing materials with screws, and you can find how this is done in the photo on the Internet or in our article

Every building product has its positive and negative qualities, so there is not much about it now.

The advantages include:

Ease of installation work. Despite its severity, such a roof is very easy to install and does not require additional costs during the operation period. All maintenance costs will be associated only with the cleaning of the gutters and a professional preventive inspection.
High noise protection. Residents with such roofs claim that not even raindrops can be heard.
No possibility of corrosion
fire resistance
Frost resistance
A wealth of choice of colors and shapes
The material itself, due to its porous structure, allows you to remove a certain amount of moisture from the attic space.

The cons can be listed as follows:

Large mass of one element
Tiles are a fragile product
Additional costs will be required for the installation of reinforced crates and waterproofing
The cost is quite high

In addition to standard tiles, there is an analogue in construction, but only a cement-sand mixture is used as the main ingredient. Its use allows you to produce a product that is practically no different in appearance, but with less weight. Judge for yourself, the load per square meter is approximately 30kg, when the original product has all 60kg.

The composition is very simple and includes: sand, some iron oxides (as a dye), cement.

The optimal degree of the roof for the installation of this coating is a value of 20-60 o. The device and fasteners are made directly on the crate in rows. Nails are used as fasteners for dressing. To ensure safe operation, I advise you to use rafter legs with a minimum section of 50x150mm.

Cement and sand tiles are quite resistant to solar radiation and are frost-resistant, but, like the original, they are quite expensive and transportation is a difficult process.

Bitumen tiles

Flexible roofing materials separate shingles from bitumen. Such a product is created from fiberglass and polyester. This tile has a modest size of 100x30 cm, has a low weight of only 10 kg per 1 m 2, is quite plastic (you can fold it in half with your own hands) and, at the same time, is resistant to aggressive terrain conditions.

Such a roof is suitable for all types of roof structures, where the slope will be more than 12 o. It is popular with developers of cottages, private houses and on temporary structures - garages, gazebos.

Durability is the main positive quality of this product. Due to its structure, transportation to any distance is possible without the risk of damage to the tiles. Local repair allows you to replace failed elements with new ones. It has a high level of sound absorption and eliminates the possibility of decay.

Bituminous tiles are a budget option when compared with their counterparts. It is highly flammable, making it unsafe. With prolonged exposure to sunlight, it loses its properties.

metal tile

In all types of buildings, due to their structure, the roof and its types differ. Some roofs have a simple structure and roofing materials used for this type may not be suitable for more complex structures. Metal tile is a unique product that allows you to use it on the roof with any complexity.

It does not matter to her whether it is a shopping center or a small pavilion, a residential high-rise building or an industrial one.

Metal tile - galvanized steel in appearance similar to a ceramic counterpart.

As a rule, the surface of such a product is treated with polymeric compounds, which makes it look like noble roofing.

Its installation is carried out on roofs with a slope of more than 15 O. The technological process is quite simple and clear from the first minutes of work. Roofing screws are used as fasteners, which can be freely purchased at a hardware store.

If you are looking for cheap, strong and durable roofing materials, then this is your choice.

Its cost is about three times less than a standard tile, and the characteristics differ slightly.

The obvious advantages of such tiles include resistance to mechanical damage, low weight (3 kg per 1 m 2), and safety of transportation.

But here you can also highlight the bad qualities, and these are: low sound absorption and a large amount of waste during installation.

Asbestos-cement boards or corrugated slate

Slate is the most common material in old-style summer cottages. It is a kind of composite material with a cement base and reinforced with asbestos fibers. To date, such sheets can be found in the form of a rectangular canvas with six waves. As a rule, its size is 120x70cm with a wave height of 2.8cm. Slate is a light material, and the load on the base is only 15kg/m 2 .

The work on laying this type of roofing material is overlapped, and nails with a wide hat are used as fasteners. Directly during the laying process, you should not save on a waterproofing layer, which is often used as roofing material or glassine.

To date, slate coating has faded into the background, but is still popular for use on temporary structures.

This is due to the ratio of price and quality, which allows you to quickly and at no extra cost to create a roof, for example, on a barn or garage from gas silicate blocks.

The positive aspects include high strength characteristics, ease of dividing the product into individual elements, low cost.
The disadvantages include fragility, environmental hazard, unaesthetic appearance and susceptibility to the appearance of fungi on the surface of the slate.

Decking as a covering on temporary structures

As you already understood, the types of roofing can be completely different, and metal is used as one of the materials. When constructing the roofs of private houses, these materials are often a priority for developers. But what is causing this excitement? Everything is very simple because corrugated board is produced in completely different sizes and shapes, which allows the owners to realize the craziest idea. To date, three types of profiled sheets are distinguished - sinus-shaped, rounded and trapezoidal. Finding additional elements in the form of waves on the surface of the material not only simplifies the laying process, but also gives a certain touch of decor.

Decking is widely used on truss systems with a slope of 10 o. The device of sheets on the surface of the crate is made after laying the glassine layer. As fasteners, special self-tapping screws with rubber linings are used in order to create a good tightness. Their consumption, as a rule, is 8-10pcs/m 2 .

Docking of sheets occurs by the technique of "overlapping". The scope of this material is very wide, but most often it can be seen in factories, supermarkets, car washes, etc.

Ease of installation and low cost is an obvious plus, but at the same time, corrugated board has high strength and durability. Therefore, such a product can be considered very beneficial for roofing installations with a limited budget and time.

Steel roof, made in the form of folds

Surely you know something about what roofing materials are for a roof, and you know that they all have an identical installation process - laying and fastening sheets with bolts or self-tapping screws, but some types of folded roofs are created with already self-latching elements.

This allows you to get rid of unnecessary tools and speed up the flooring process several times.

As for ordinary seam sheets, they look like steel plates. Such material can be coated with polymers, which increases the operating period, or produced without them. The minimum roof slope is 20°. Docking of individual parts occurs with the help of hooks along the edges of the sheet.

Clamps act as fasteners to the crate, and the folds themselves are rolled up using electromechanical units or manually.

These types of roofing materials for the roof are suitable for ennobling churches, estates, industrial buildings, but by looking at photos on the Internet or here on the page, you can be inspired by an interesting idea.

The advantages include: fire safety, attractive appearance, elasticity, low weight.
The disadvantages include additional costs for insulation and low resistance to dynamic loads.

Copper and aluminum roofing

Roofing materials made of light metals are definitely a good coating, multiple positive reviews on building portals can testify to this. Of these, aluminum and copper can be distinguished.

Copper sheets are produced by manufacturers in the form of rectangles 70x110 cm, weight is 7 kg / m 2. The aluminum coating will give even lower pressure and will be 3kg/m 2 . The permissible slope for the installation of such roofs is 15 degrees or more.

Copper and aluminum are quite expensive metals, and, therefore, the roof will not come out cheap, but everything is compensated by its service life. After all, for copper, this is a period of 150 years.

As far as aesthetic properties are concerned, at first copper is a rather aesthetic material and has an attractive appearance, but over time the tones fade and it takes on darker tones.

Note that with the loss of color, the quality of the material remains at a high level, so if this fact does not bother you and you need a durable roof, then this is your choice.

The advantages of these roofs include the fact that they do not require any maintenance, are non-flammable, environmentally friendly, highly resistant to aggressive atmospheric precipitation (for example, acid rain).
And the only downside is the cost. Therefore, if you have finances, you should pay attention to this type of coverage.

bituminous slate

Flexible sheets based on cellulose pulp and bitumen are called bituminous slates. The water resistance of such a product is very high, so it has found application as a roofing. The slope of the roof for the installation of this material must be 5 degrees or more.

Sheet sizes are produced everywhere as a standard - 2x1m. Such slate is very widely used by developers of private houses, cafes, restaurants. This material has high flexibility along the wave, so it can often be found on curved roof structures, for example, on a dome.

It is worth noting that there will be practically no production waste left from it, because the extra pieces can be used as a substrate for new roof construction.

Advantages:

Light weight (5kg/m2)
Wide range of colors
Ease of installation

Flaws:

Not durable. Strong gusts of wind can damage and warp the material if installed incorrectly.
It is combustible, which is unacceptable in terms of fire safety
Low frost resistance

In a modern hardware store, this product can be found at a price of $ 6 per meter. By the way, some sheets of bituminous slate are self-adhesive. This significantly reduces the time of installation work and displays these roofing materials above the standard ones.

Slate roofing

Surely you have heard the concept of shale formations from geography lessons. So, not so long ago, the construction of European countries for the first time laid this material on the roof of their house, which led to the creation of a new round in this industry. The ideal slope for this material is 25 o.

Elements of this type are created only manually and the weight is far from small - 25kg / m 2. Based on such a mass, it can be assumed that the load on the base will be enormous, and, therefore, the crate should be stable. For this, rails with a section of 4x6 cm are suitable, and nails (from 100 mm) as fasteners.

The step of the crate is selected strictly individually. It all depends on the size of the layers themselves. Therefore, it is customary to consider the distance slightly less than half of the reservoir as a rule. Roofing cake with this type of coating looks like honeycombs, octagons, fish scales. However, this is all unimportant here, and you can try to create your own drawing, for example, a famous logo or a picture.

The terms of operation directly depend on your attentiveness, because if you do not notice a crack in the coating during a routine inspection, you can be fooled and soon change the entire roof. Therefore, if you have damage to some layers, replace them.

Natural materials as a roof over your head

Roofing without buying roofing materials is a recent practice coming from Europe. In these countries, the following types of natural materials have long been practiced as roofing:

Straw
Wood
reeds

These types, as a rule, are not used in regular construction. They are used to give their atmosphere in restaurants by the sea, hotels, various bars and hotels. A sociological survey shows that people are more impressed with natural material than with a colorful facade and new lights.

Of course, the cheapest roofing material is roofing material, and the most expensive is considered to be an alloy of copper and titanium., but there are some nuances here. If you lay the roof with roofing material for 100 years, then during this period you will incur expenses for it somewhere around 7-8 times. It takes into account the number of repairs and complete replacement of the coating. If you use an alloy, then not only will you not have to repair or replace anything, you will still have 50 years to spare. Which, of course, will pay for such material.

Inexpensive and lightweight roofing materials allow you to quickly cover a temporary structure and at the same time use a small amount of finance. After all, ease of installation is also one side of the savings.

As a conclusion, I can say that no matter what roofing materials you use, they must always fulfill the tasks you set. There are many constructions on which one type is allowed to be used, but on the other it is completely unacceptable. Choose only high-quality products from reliable manufacturers, so that later you do not have to do repairs again.

What should be a good roof? To understand this, you need to figure out what requirements it must meet, and there are many of them: the roof must be reliable, durable and, of course, beautiful. In this material from the editors of Housechief, we will figure out how to choose the right roofing materials. Types, prices for the most popular coatings and installation tips - it's all here and now.

Read in the article

Sheet types of roofing and their characteristics

The choice of roofing depends on many factors: the geometry of the roof, the weather conditions of the region and your budget. There are coatings that are designed for and materials that are best used only on.

Therefore, when choosing a material, you need to study all the conditions that await it during operation. In addition, you need to explore all the possible options and choose the one that suits you. And roofing materials have a wide range, and are piece, seam, sheet, or mastic.

And we will start with sheet roofing materials.

Steel decking and metal tiles

A coating that looks so much like a tile, but at the same time has all the advantages of metal, is now one of the most popular.

The only negative of this coating, as, indeed, of all its metal counterparts, is drum noise during rain. Using such a coating, it is necessary to provide for the roofs and ceilings of the upper floor.

Such a coating is used even for slopes with a minimum slope of 5º. This type of roofing copes with waterproofing where other materials fail. The price of the material is from 250 rubles per 1 m².

roll roofing

Membrane coating

Roof membranes are made of polymeric materials that are not subject to decay. Mostly PVC. They are fastened with cold mastic, and the panels are welded together with a building hair dryer.

Such a coating can be used to insulate roofs with a complex configuration and a slight slope. The price of a meter of an EPDM membrane is from 500 rubles.

Self-leveling mastic roofing

If we consider the cost of a self-leveling roof, it turns out that it is the cheapest of the existing types. It is even cheaper than roll materials. And as a result, you get a monolithic and completely sealed coating, without any seams and joints.

For greater reliability, mastic roofing is combined with rolled roofing, which creates a multilayer durable coating. Such a coating can be reinforced with fiberglass or fiberglass.

The cost of mastic coating, excluding wages, is about 180 rubles per 1 m².

How to choose the most suitable material? Consider two decisive factors: the amount you are willing to spend on materials and the specifics of the roof. For complex geometry or a slight slope, it is preferable to use a soft roofing material. If you set yourself the goal of saving money, pay attention to the galvanized metal profile, roll or bulk type. If you want to do it for centuries and can afford it, you should take ceramic tiles and slate.

And what type of roof do you consider the most reliable and durable? Write in the comments! In conclusion, a small video review of the types of roofing.

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Modern buildings are distinguished by a wide variety of architectural solutions. If earlier almost all buildings were of the same type, now it is difficult to find two similar ones among them. The design of the roof can also be different. The question of what types of roofs are of interest to everyone who decides to build a house. When choosing an option for arranging a roof, you should pay attention not only to its attractiveness, but also to its functionality.

All types of roof structures differ not only in appearance, but also in functional features. There is no ideal option: each type of roof construction has advantages and disadvantages.

Classification by slope angle

According to the angle of inclination of the slopes, all types of roofing are divided into the following two types: flat and pitched.

A flat roof is the simplest, it rests on walls of the same height and has practically no slope. Such roofs have a slope angle of 2.5-3%. The main disadvantage of flat roofs is that, due to the small slope, the removal of melt and rain water is difficult, and as a result, it soon begins to leak. Snow from these roofs has to be removed on their own.

Flat roofs are almost never used for the construction of private households. They are more functional for outbuildings and multi-storey buildings. But they have one advantage that other types of roofing cannot boast of: at the top you can arrange a flower garden and even a pool - the main thing is that the supporting structures can withstand this load.

For the construction of country houses and cottages, pitched roofs are usually used. The angle of inclination of the slopes of such roofs is more than 10%. Melt and rain water is easily removed from pitched surfaces; at a large slope angle, snow does not linger on them.

Design classification

According to their structural solution, roofs are non-attic and attic. The first option involves combining with the main room, and the roof of the last floor is the supporting structures of the roof. Attic roofs are not connected to the main room, they can be insulated or cold.

According to the type of ventilation, non-attic roofs are divided into:

non-ventilated;
ventilated;
partially ventilated.

Also, roofs can be operated or not operated.

Geometric classification

Types of roof coverings according to the geometric shape are as follows.

Shed roofs . Consist of a single plane. Their truss system is based on the outer walls of the building, which are located at different heights (more: ""). Due to this, a slope is formed. Roofs with one slope are easy to build and do not require large financial costs. But mostly they are used in the construction of various outbuildings. Types of roofing for a roof with one slope can be different: the choice of roofing materials is very wide. For shed roofs, you can use tiles, slate, metal tiles, metal profiles, roofing felt, ondulin, and more (more: ""). Rainwater and snow do not linger on such a surface, in addition, precipitation flows in the same direction, thus making it easier to create storm sewers. The main disadvantages of shed roofs are the lack of an attic space and a small selection of design solutions.

gable roofs . They are in demand in the construction of private houses - their design consists of two slopes, based on load-bearing walls of the same height. This type of roof is also called gable. (read also: "") The gap between the two slopes (tongs, gables) has the shape of a triangle. As for the construction itself, it is more difficult than creating a shed version, but easier than other types of cottage roofs.

The gable roof is reliable, well drains rain and melt water, snow, and can withstand strong wind loads. In addition, it looks much more interesting than a pitched roof. For gable structures, you can use different roofing.

Mansard roofs - This is a type of duplex. But for the roof slopes themselves, broken lines are characteristic. Another variant of the name of such roofs is “broken”, since the slopes can be refracted at different angles. The presence of a break increases the area and volume of the attic, which is subsequently used as housing and is called an attic.

Therefore, this version of the roof device is called "mansard". Its pediments are shaped like a pentagon. The design of such a roof is characterized by certain features, but it can be built easily and quickly. you can think of quite a lot. They are preferred to be built much more often than other types of roofs of one-story houses.

Thermal insulation is also important, since the attic is built into the roof. Accordingly, the temperature in such a room will depend on the quality of thermal insulation. If it is done in accordance with all the rules, then you can live in the attic even in winter. Otherwise, the room under the roof can only be used in the summer.

As for the height of the roof with an attic, it should not be less than 2.2 meters. Otherwise, there will be inconvenience when moving along it.

For these roofs, a system of double-pull rafters and beams is used. Their shape contributes to the rapid and efficient removal of snow and water from the roof. The angles of inclination of the hip roofs are 45 degrees. They also withstand strong winds well. Due to the large angle of inclination, the hipped roof must be equipped with gutters. It is better to entrust the construction of such a roof to specialists, since it requires a complex truss system. If you do not adhere to the accuracy of the parameters, the roof will not last long.

Types of roofing for this type of roof can be different. You can use both light and heavy roofing materials. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the second materials for roofing last longer, plus, they have better thermal insulation. But at the same time, the use of such roofing products requires the creation of a reinforced rafter system. Most often, hip roofs are built in the southern regions.

Half hip roof . These are ordinary hip roofs with truncated triangular slopes. At the heart of the house is a regular polygon or square, so all four slopes look like a triangle, and their vertices converge at one point. A roof in the form of a pyramid can decorate any building. The installation of this type of roof is as complicated as the installation of hip roofs. Their construction is also best entrusted to specialists. Read also: "

Also, such roofs are used to create an overlap of a part of a building or even an entire building. Dome roofs are made from bent frame elements. Such types of roofing materials are used for the roof as soft (roofing felt, glass tiles) and flexible (galvanized steel sheets, plastic tiles).

Currently, you can see a variety of coverage options on private houses and cottages. Types of roofing for the roof are very diverse. Each person can choose the appropriate roofing option and type of roofing material for their home. Any method of creating a roof has its own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, when choosing the type of roofing and roofing material, it is necessary to take into account not only external beauty, but also functional differences. Continuation: " ".