Birds of prey short description. Order: Falconiformes = Falconiformes

• Russian folk tales Russian folk tales The world of fairy tales is amazing. Is it possible to imagine our life without a fairy tale? A fairy tale is not just entertainment. She tells us about extremely important things in life, teaches us to be kind and just, to protect the weak, to resist evil, to despise cunning and flatterers. The tale teaches us to be faithful, honest, ridicules our vices: bragging, greed, hypocrisy, laziness. For centuries, fairy tales have been transmitted orally. One person came up with a fairy tale, told another, that person added something from himself, told the third and so on. Each time the fairy tale became better and more interesting. It turns out that the fairy tale was invented not by one person, but by many different people, people, therefore they began to call it - "folk". Fairy tales appeared in ancient times. They were the stories of hunters, trappers and fishermen. In fairy tales, animals, trees and herbs talk like people. And in a fairy tale everything is possible. If you want to become young, eat rejuvenating apples. It is necessary to revive the princess - sprinkle her first with dead and then living water ... The tale teaches us to distinguish good from bad, good from evil, ingenuity from stupidity. The tale teaches you not to despair in difficult times and always overcome difficulties. The tale teaches how important it is for every person to have friends. And the fact that if you do not leave your friend in trouble, then he will help you ...
• Tales of Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov Tales of S.T. Aksakov Sergei Aksakov wrote very few fairy tales, but it was this author who wrote the wonderful fairy tale "The Scarlet Flower" and we immediately understand what kind of talent this man had. Aksakov himself told how he fell ill as a child and the housekeeper Pelageya was invited to him, who composed various stories and fairy tales. The boy liked the story about the Scarlet Flower so much that when he grew up, he wrote down the history of the housekeeper from memory, and as soon as it was published, the fairy tale became a favorite of many boys and girls. This tale was first published in 1858, and then many cartoons based on this tale were filmed.
• Brothers Grimm fairy tales The fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm are the greatest German storytellers. The brothers released their first collection of fairy tales in 1812 in German. This collection includes 49 fairy tales. The brothers Grimm began to regularly record fairy tales in 1807. Fairy tales immediately gained immense popularity among the population. Obviously, each of us has read the wonderful tales of the Brothers Grimm. Their interesting and informative stories awaken the imagination, and the simple language of the story is understandable even to kids. Fairy tales are intended for readers of all ages. In the collection of the Brothers Grimm there are stories that are understandable for kids, and there are also stories for older people. The brothers Grimm were fond of collecting and studying folk tales even in their student years. The glory of the great storytellers was brought to them by three collections of "Children's and Family Tales" (1812, 1815, 1822). Among them are “The Bremen Town Musicians”, “The Pot of Porridge”, “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs”, “Hansel and Gretel”, “Bob, Straw and Ember”, “Madame Blizzard” - about 200 fairy tales in total.
• Tales of Valentin Kataev Tales of Valentin Kataev Writer Valentin Kataev lived a great and beautiful life. He left books, reading which we can learn to live with taste, not missing the interesting things that surround us every day and every hour. There was a period in Kataev's life, about 10 years, when he wrote wonderful fairy tales for children. The main characters in fairy tales are the family. They show love, friendship, belief in magic, miracles, relationships between parents and children, relationships between children and people who meet on their way, which help them grow up and learn something new. After all, Valentin Petrovich himself was left without a mother very early. Valentin Kataev is the author of fairy tales: "A pipe and a jug" (1940), "Flower - seven-flower" (1940), "Pearl" (1945), "Stump" (1945), "Dove" (1949).
• The Tales of Wilhelm Hauff Wilhelm Hauff's Tales Hauf Wilhelm (11/29/182 - 11/18/1827) is a German writer, best known as the author of fairy tales for children. It is considered a representative of the artistic literary style of the Biedermeier. Wilhelm Hauf is not so well-known and popular world storyteller, but Hauff's tales must be read to children. In his works, the author, with the subtlety and unobtrusiveness of a real psychologist, put a deep meaning that prompts thought. Hauf wrote his Märchen - fairy tales for the children of Baron Hegel; they were first published in the "Almanac of Fairy Tales of January 1826 for the Sons and Daughters of the Noble Estates". There were such works by Gauff as "Caliph-Stork", "Little Muk", and some others, which immediately gained popularity in German-speaking countries. Focusing at first on oriental folklore, later he begins to use European legends in fairy tales.
• Tales of Vladimir Odoevsky Tales of Vladimir Odoevsky Vladimir Odoevsky entered the history of Russian culture as a literary and music critic, prose writer, museum and library worker. He did a lot for Russian children's literature. During his lifetime, he published several books for children to read: "The Town in the Snuffbox" (1834-1847), "Tales and Stories for the Children of Grandfather Irenaeus" (1838-1840), "Collection of Children's Songs by Grandfather Irenaeus" (1847), "Children's Book for Sundays ”(1849). Creating fairy tales for children, V.F.Odoevsky often turned to folklore subjects. And not only to the Russians. The most popular are two tales of VF Odoyevsky - "Moroz Ivanovich" and "Town in a Snuffbox".
• Tales of Vsevolod Garshin Tales of Vsevolod Garshin Garshin V.M. - Russian writer, poet, critic. He gained fame after the publication of his first work "4 days". The number of fairy tales written by Garshin is not at all great - only five. And almost all of them are included in the school curriculum. Fairy tales “The Frog the Traveler”, “The Tale of the Toad and the Rose”, “That Which Was Not” is known to every child. All of Garshin's tales are imbued with deep meaning, the designation of facts without unnecessary metaphors and an all-consuming sadness that passes through each of his fairy tales, each story.
• The Tales of Hans Christian Andersen The Tales of Hans Christian Andersen Hans Christian Andersen (1805-1875) is a Danish writer, storyteller, poet, playwright, essayist, author of world famous fairy tales for children and adults. Reading Andersen's tales is fascinating at any age, and they give children and adults freedom to fly dreams and fantasies. In every fairy tale by Hans Christian there are deep thoughts about the meaning of life, human morality, sin and virtues, which are often not noticeable at first glance. Andersen's most popular fairy tales: The Little Mermaid, Thumbelina, Nightingale, Swineherd, Chamomile, Flame, Wild Swans, Tin Soldier, Princess and Pea, Ugly Duckling.
• Fairy tales by Mikhail Plyatskovsky Fairy Tales of Mikhail Plyatskovsky Mikhail Spartakovich Plyatskovsky is a Soviet songwriter and playwright. Even in his student years, he began to compose songs - both poems and melodies. The first professional song "March of the Cosmonauts" was written in 1961 with S. Zaslavsky. There is hardly a person who has never heard such lines: "it is better to hum in chorus", "friendship begins with a smile." The little raccoon from the Soviet cartoon and the cat Leopold sing songs based on the verses of the popular songwriter Mikhail Spartakovich Plyatskovsky. Plyatskovsky's fairy tales teach children the rules and norms of behavior, simulate familiar situations and introduce them to the world. Some stories not only teach kindness, but also make fun of bad character traits in children.
• Tales of Samuel Marshak Tales of Samuil Marshak Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak (1887 - 1964) - Russian Soviet poet, translator, playwright, literary critic. Known as the author of fairy tales for children, satirical works, as well as "adult", serious lyrics. Among the dramatic works of Marshak, the plays-fairy tales "Twelve Months", "Clever Things", "The Cat's House" are especially popular. Marshak's poems and fairy tales are read from the very first days in kindergartens, then they are performed at matinees, in the lower grades they are taught by heart.
• Tales of Gennady Mikhailovich Tsyferov Tales of Gennady Mikhailovich Tsyferov Gennady Mikhailovich Tsyferov is a Soviet writer-storyteller, screenwriter, playwright. Animation brought the greatest success to Gennady Mikhailovich. During the cooperation with the studio "Soyuzmultfilm" in collaboration with Henrikh Sapgir, more than twenty-five cartoons were released, including "The Locomotive from Romashkov", "My Green Crocodile", "How the Frog Was Looking for Daddy", "Losharik" ... Tsyferov's sweet and kind stories are familiar to each of us. The heroes who live in the books of this wonderful children's writer will always come to each other's aid. His famous fairy tales: "There lived an elephant in the world", "About a chicken, the sun and a bear cub", "About an eccentric frog", "About a steamer", "A story about a pig" and others. Multicolored Giraffe "," The Engine from Romashkovo "," How to Become Big and Other Stories "," The Diary of a Bear ".
• Tales of Sergei Mikhalkov Tales of Sergei Mikhalkov Mikhalkov Sergei Vladimirovich (1913 - 2009) - writer, writer, poet, fabulist, playwright, war correspondent during the Great Patriotic War, author of the text of two anthems of the Soviet Union and the anthem of the Russian Federation. They begin to read Mikhalkov's poems in the kindergarten, choosing "Uncle Stepa" or the equally well-known rhyme "What do you have?" The author brings us back to the Soviet past, but over the years his works do not become outdated, but only acquire charm. Mikhalkov's poems for children have long become classics.
• Tales of Suteev Vladimir Grigorievich Tales of Suteev Vladimir Grigorievich Suteev is a Russian Soviet children's writer, illustrator and director-animator. One of the founders of Soviet animation. Born into a family of a doctor. The father was a gifted man, his passion for art was passed on to his son. Since his youth, Vladimir Suteev, as an illustrator, periodically published in the magazines "Pioneer", "Murzilka", "Friendship", "Spark", in the newspaper "Pionerskaya Pravda". Studied at MVTU im. Bauman. Since 1923 - an illustrator of books for children. Suteev illustrated books by K. Chukovsky, S. Marshak, S. Mikhalkov, A. Barto, D. Rodari, as well as his own works. The tales that V.G.Suteev composed himself are written succinctly. And he does not need verbosity: everything that is not said will be drawn. The artist works as a cartoonist, capturing every movement of the character in order to get a coherent, logically clear action and a vivid, memorable image.
• Tales of Tolstoy Alexei Nikolaevich Tales of Tolstoy Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy A.N. - Russian writer, an extremely versatile and prolific writer who wrote in all kinds and genres (two collections of poems, more than forty plays, scripts, processing of fairy tales, journalistic and other articles, etc.), primarily a prose writer, a master of fascinating storytelling. Genres in creativity: prose, story, story, play, libretto, satire, essay, journalism, historical novel, science fiction, fairy tale, poem. The popular tale of Tolstoy A.N .: "The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio", which is a successful adaptation of the tale of an Italian writer of the 19th century. Collodi "Pinocchio" entered the golden fund of world children's literature.
• Tales of Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy Tales of Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1828 - 1910) is one of the greatest Russian writers and thinkers. Thanks to him, not only works that are included in the treasury of world literature appeared, but also a whole religious and moral trend - Tolstoyism. Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy wrote many instructive, lively and interesting fairy tales, fables, poems and stories. He also wrote many small but beautiful fairy tales for children: Three Bears, How Uncle Semyon told about what happened to him in the forest, Leo and the dog, The Tale of Ivan the Fool and his two brothers, Two brothers, Worker Emelyan and empty drum and many others. Tolstoy was very serious about writing little fairy tales for children, he worked a lot on them. Tales and stories of Lev Nikolaevich are still in books for reading in elementary school.
• Tales by Charles Perrault Tales of Charles Perrault Charles Perrault (1628-1703) was a French storyteller, critic and poet, was a member of the French Academy. It is probably impossible to find a person who would not know the tale about Little Red Riding Hood and the gray wolf, about a boy with a thumb or other equally memorable characters, colorful and so close not only to a child, but also to an adult. But they all owe their appearance to the wonderful writer Charles Perrault. Each of his fairy-tale stories is a folk epic, its writer processed and developed the plot, having received such delightful works, read today with great admiration.
• Ukrainian folk tales Ukrainian folk tales Ukrainian folk tales have much in common in their style and content with Russian folk tales. In the Ukrainian fairy tale, much attention is paid to everyday realities. Ukrainian folklore is very vividly described by a folk tale. All traditions, holidays and customs can be seen in the plots of folk stories. How the Ukrainians lived, what they had and what they did not have, what they dreamed about and how they went to their goals is also clearly embedded in the meaning of fairy tales. The most popular Ukrainian folk tales: Mitten, Goat-Dereza, Pokatigoroshek, Serko, a tale about Ivasik, Kolosok and others.

Svetlana Sadovshchikova
"Wonderful apple tree". Ecological fairy tale for children

In living nature, everything is arranged wonderfully intelligently and correctly. Communities of plants and animals living together form ecological chains. Trees, grasses and shrubs from water, carbon dioxide, mineral nutrients build their leaves in the light. Here are lovers of green leaves - herbivores. These are hares and squirrels, and many birds. They all enjoy eating what the plants have made. But at every step, herbivores are trapped by predators - wolves, foxes, lynxes. The hare hesitated a little - and write, it's gone !. But after all, the wolf, and the fox, and the lynx will live their own way and die. And after death, the organic substances of which they are composed, their bodies decompose under the influence of bacteria and turn into just those mineral nutrients that enter the soil and which are so necessary for plants. And plants will again be engaged in the processing of minerals, turning them into their cells. This is what it is ecological chain, in which each animal or plant, as it were, complements all the others and cannot live without everyone else.

But how to explain all this intelligibly to a child. This is what ecological fairy tales are for.

My tale is called "A story about one Yablonka"

In a distant country, in one wonderful meadow, beautiful apple trees grew. But among these trees, the most slender, most beautiful Apple tree stood out. All animals and birds were heard by her beauty and always came running to admire her and eat her apples. The evil Rabbit heard that there is such an apple tree in the world and he decided to destroy it. The rabbit was jealous that many birds and animals gathered in this meadow, which always had fun together. The Rabbit began to resort to Yablonka at night and gnaw the very bottom of the trunk. And no one could help the poor tree. The apple tree began to wither a little, the leaves turned yellow. One night, as usual, the evil Rabbit ran to Yablonka, but it was not there ... The Wolf went out to hunt. Seeing that the Rabbit was gnawing on the bark of a tree, he decided to save the Apple tree. The Wolf swallowed the Evil Rabbit ... But since the Rabbit was evil, the Wolf got a stomach ache and he fell down dead. The grass hid the Wolf under itself and the wolf got into a dark kingdom where good worms and insects lived. They found out what happened to Yablonka and wanted to help her. They began to carry many useful substances to her crown. And Yablonka again became more beautiful than ever. And all the birds and animals began again to resort to the clearing to Yablonka to play, have fun and eat the sweetest apples.