Modern polymer waterproofing is a reliable barrier to moisture in the bathroom. Polymer waterproofing: a variety of materials and features of choice Polymer-based waterproofing coating

Waterproofing wet rooms is an important factor in a healthy and comfortable microclimate throughout the living space. It is a barrier to moisture penetration from bathrooms, showers and toilets - the dampest rooms in any apartment. Until recently, the most popular and frequently used waterproofing materials based on organic components - bitumen and bitumen-polymer mastics. However, modern polymer waterproofing is a much more "advanced" and high-tech material.

What quality waterproofing should be, what criteria should it meet? Its main task is to prevent the penetration of moisture from one room to another. Moisture entering the thickness of the walls destroys the brickwork and plaster layer, forms foci of fungus and mold under the wallpaper and putty, spoils the appearance of the repair and the mood of the owners. Therefore, it is necessary to fight with it by all available methods, but it is better to use materials specially designed for this.

According to the method of application, waterproofing materials have always been divided into roll and coating. The former are more difficult to install, and the result was not always reliable - this is already “yesterday”. Materials that are applied to the surface with a brush or roller are much more convenient and reliable. These include polymer-cement waterproofing.

This group of materials is produced on the basis of inorganic substances and has a number of advantages over traditional bituminous mastics.

Materials are produced by many manufacturers who patent their developments and technologies, but in general, the composition of cement-polymer waterproofing materials includes the same components: Portland cement, finely ground sand, elasticizing polymer substances. One-component and two-component mixtures are on sale. The former contain dispersion polymers in the form of powders (DPP), the latter contain aqueous polyacrylic dispersions as an elasticizer.

Ease of application is one of the advantages of polymer-cement waterproofing

Advantages of polymer-cement waterproofing materials

Waterproofing compounds are completely composed of substances that are safe for health, so they can be used inside premises intended for human habitation.
Waterproofing based on inorganic materials has a significantly longer service life compared to bitumen. These materials have excellent adhesion to all materials used in construction - concrete, brick, wood, metal.
Ease of use - cement-polymer waterproofing is applied to surfaces using a conventional paint brush. This allows you to qualitatively miss the slightest irregularities, since it is clearly visible where the composition was applied unevenly and there are "bald spots" in the material layer. Covering repairs are also very simple.
The waterproofing layer completely blocks the path of water, while letting in water vapor - the wall "breathes". This property eliminates the formation of air bubbles under the membrane. The main feature of this material is the ability to apply it even on a damp wall, moreover, it is recommended to moisten the surfaces before starting work.
The resulting layer has high ductility and resistance to deformation, which excludes damage in the event of the formation of small cracks on the base.

The advantage of polymer-cement compositions is the ability to apply to wet surfaces

Step-by-step guide to waterproofing a bathroom with polymer-cement compounds

Using this kind of materials, you can get great results. To do this, you must carefully follow the manufacturer's recommendations for the application of cement-polymer waterproofing. In general, they are approximately the same, the differences can only be in numbers - the drying time of the layer, thickness, and in the method of preparing the material for work. Before starting work, it is necessary to mark those "wet" areas that will be subject to increased exposure to moisture - walls around the bathtub, washbasin, etc. Be sure to apply the coating to the lower part of all walls (25-30 cm) and the entire floor area.

Wet areas of the bathroom need particularly careful treatment

The preparation of the base (walls, floor) must be carried out with great care. It is necessary to remove all debris and dirt, dried splashes of mortars. Irregularities are filled with plaster.
Usually, the manufacturer indicates the need to wet the surfaces before applying the composition. If there is such a remark, it is necessary to moisten the base using a conventional spray bottle.
Material preparation: mixing all components of the polymer-cement composition in the sequence specified by the manufacturer. The mixture should become homogeneous.
The composition is applied to all marked surfaces with a hard brush in an even layer. Carefully make sure that there are no "unpainted". At the junction of walls and floors, as well as water pipes, sewers or risers, it is necessary to lay a layer of construction mesh made of polypropylene, geotextile, etc. material. It is embedded in a layer of waterproofing material and is well oiled.
The first layer is dried within the time specified in the manufacturer's instructions. It is better not to artificially reduce this period by drying with heat guns or building hair dryers.
Before applying the second layer of material, the surface is slightly wetted again (if recommended by the manufacturer). A second waterproofing layer is applied.
The surface is dried according to the recommendations of the material supplier, after which it is ready for decorative finishing.

The joints of the walls and floor of the bathroom must be glued with waterproofing tape.

Features of polymer coating waterproofing

This group of materials also belongs to modern one-component coating compositions for "cutting" moisture. They are formulated with acrylic, epoxy or polyurethane resins, which give them very high ductility. Surfactants increase the adhesive properties of polymeric waterproofing compounds. The resulting layer has a high vapor permeability, it is very elastic, but durable, similar to rubber. This material is applied with a brush or roller, and the surface is pre-moistened.

Let the polymer waterproofing for the bathroom not be exposed to the aggressive influence of chemicals, but, nevertheless, it is very resistant to such influences, therefore, it is most often used for outdoor work - when waterproofing pools, sewer and treatment facilities, etc. Materials intended for indoor use can be made in a wide range of colors; under the influence of ultraviolet radiation outdoors, they fade very quickly.

Indoors, you can use polymer waterproofing of any color

General recommendations for the use of polymer waterproofing compounds

When applying any materials, be it wallpaper, paint or waterproofing compounds, it is very important to prepare the base. Mark areas on the walls that will be exposed to increased moisture. The lower part of the walls and the entire floor are also necessarily waterproofed.
Walls and floors should be well dust-free, free from mortar or plaster slugs, large potholes should be leveled. All rubbish is carefully removed. The surface must be dry.
Concrete, metal surfaces are primed with special primers recommended by the manufacturer.
The composition is applied in the first layer at a temperature above 0 ° C, the exact hardening time is indicated on the package by the manufacturer; this is necessary to polymerize the applied composition. In places where the floor and walls meet, as well as the outlets of risers and pipes, it is advisable to lay a layer of geotextile or polypropylene construction mesh. The material is well coated and embedded in the waterproofing layer.
After the first layer has hardened, the second is applied. To make it easier to control the uniformity of the application of the second layer, it is better to make it in a contrasting color. In places where the bottom layer shines through, after the second layer has hardened, you need to apply the mastic again.
After the second layer has hardened, the surfaces are ready for decorative finishing.

Polymer waterproofing in the bathroom

In general, the process of applying modern waterproofing compounds is quite simple. However, as in any work, it has a number of subtleties that are familiar only to specialists. To keep your bathroom shiny and clean, and the walls of neighboring rooms to be dry, invite professionals, and let everyone do their own thing!

Not a single construction of a residential building or institution, not a single interior design is complete without the use of waterproofing. A wide range of offered waterproofing compounds will allow you to easily choose what you need. One of the most widely used compounds is polymer waterproofing.

Features:

Polymer waterproofing mainly consists of a bitumen emulsion, which includes latex particles. The choice of this waterproofing solution on the shelves of hardware stores is huge. The composition may vary. The content of the composition is directly affected by the manufacturer and the purpose of the solution.

Do not forget that a certain air temperature can affect the insulating compounds. This provokes polymerization. As a result, a strong and viscous membrane is formed. Its characteristics satisfy all requirements in the process of construction work.

Advantages and disadvantages

The use of a polymer base as insulation has many advantages. By choosing the correct waterproofing composition and the specifics of its application, you will get a surface that has a moisture-repellent property.

In addition, there are a number of positive aspects that are worth considering in more detail:

Today, up to 400% elasticity can be achieved from a polymer base.
The service life of the resulting waterproofing surface can be from 25 to 50 years.
The guarantee of possible water ingress excludes the formation of monolithic coatings, in which there are no joints.
This material makes it possible to use it for any type of structure, including a complex or non-standard configuration, and even in the presence of relief.
Polymer waterproofing is one of the most durable compounds that is unshakable to any kind of mechanical, chemical, ultraviolet and temperature (from -60 to +110 degrees) influences.

High wear resistance of the composition. The polymer base is characterized by the creation of a layer that does not subsequently become thinner, while remaining a reliable and uniform coating, regardless of the conditions and period of operation.
Economical consumption of material is achieved by a low coating thickness of the polymer composition. This is enough to create a durable waterproofing.
Adhesion to a variety of materials such as concrete, metal or wood, and many different finishes.
This waterproofing compound is easy to apply. In this case, the choice of the required application technology is possible, depending on the presence or absence of certain skills and knowledge.
The time required for the waterproofing compound to harden is minimal, which favorably affects the overall course of construction work.
The absence of toxic fumes and toxic substances in the composition guarantees the safety and harmlessness of the polymer base.

The insulating coating is perfectly repairable. In other words, if any defect occurs on the surface of the polymer composition, it is quite easy to restore it. To do this, you will need to apply an additional layer to an existing one around the entire perimeter or in the required area.
The polymer composition has vapor permeability, which is one of the fundamental qualities in order to create a comfortable microclimate and protect certain building materials from the adverse effects of water.
A huge assortment of color shades of the polymer composition will allow you to use this composition as a finishing decorative material.

Like any product, the polymer waterproofing composition has disadvantages, of which its high cost can be distinguished. The composition is much more expensive than its counterparts, such as roofing material and bitumen. But it is worth noting that the quality of the resulting coating will fully justify the high cost.

The advantages and benefits of this option will be recognized by reducing financial costs for additional repairs and replacing a lower-quality waterproofing coating.

Types and selection rules

A wide range of waterproofing polymer bases can confuse consumers, and therefore it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the variety of insulating compositions offered by manufacturers in advance.

There are several criteria that will help you choose the right material that meets all your requirements and wishes:

Density. The consistency of waterproofing, which is based on a polymer solution, is usually divided into liquid and semi-liquid composition. It is worth noting that there is an alternative in the roll-on membrane format that is not inferior to liquid bases, but it is in little demand among consumers.
Function.Today the manufacturer is developing a huge range of models for its brand line. Each product is necessarily issued with recommendations for application and an indication of the specific structural element of the structure for which it is intended (roof, floor surface, foundation or metal structures).
Components included.The elements used and their combination divide the polymer waterproofing composition into several types. The most popular today are cement-polymer and bitumen-polymer compositions.

Application technology.The application technology is influenced by several aspects, including the availability of experience with waterproofing works, the available deadlines for the work, as well as the presence or absence of the necessary tools. In this connection, it is customary to divide it into the following types of composition: coating polymer waterproofing, liquid, homemade solution (which is based on epoxy resin). Self-prepared waterproofing polymer compounds require strict adherence to the recipe specified by the manufacturer. Also, do not forget that it is necessary to strictly follow the deadlines for working with the polymer composition, otherwise there is a high probability that the composition will harden while still in the preparation container. Such fast-hardening compositions will cost you less if a person with special skills and the necessary equipment will work. For independent construction work, it is recommended to purchase a more expensive and ready-made waterproofing composition.

Waterproofing work using a polymer base is not limited to its direct purpose. For example, it is often used for above-ground and underground structures, hydraulic installations, and wet rooms. Elastic polymer-cement two-component waterproofing is most often performed with mixtures. Also, sprayed waterproofing has good reviews.

Application specifics

As with other waterproofing compounds, the process of applying polymers is carried out in several stages:

decide on the type of polymer composition that meets all your wishes and requirements;
make sure to purchase the required amount of the mixture;
prepare the surface for further finishing work;
process all necessary structural elements with a polymer composition, following the recommendations from the manufacturer;
wait until the surface is completely hardened.

Before proceeding with the direct implementation of waterproofing procedures, it is recommended to choose the optimal application technology for yourself. To do this, it is necessary to assess the availability of experience or knowledge, budget, technical equipment and other factors specific to the construction work.

So, there are two ways to apply polymer waterproofing:

coloration- to carry out this procedure, it is recommended to purchase a paint brush and roller in advance;
spraying - This technology will require an airless pumping unit.

The first application option is designed for waterproofing works for a spacious room or overall structure.

When deciding to carry out the waterproofing process as quickly as possible, the spray technology will suit you. To perform the process correctly, you must adhere to a simple algorithm:

Prepare the pumping airless unit. Make sure the equipment is complete.
Prepare unconcentrated calcium chloride. In case you purchased a ready-made solution, fill the container with it.
Connect the container to an airless pumping unit.
Also connect a container with a waterproofing resin.
Next, spray the compound on the required structural elements or surface.
Make sure that two containers work at the same time when spraying, as the formulations must be mixed.
Ultimately, you should get an even layer, the thickness of which will be from 2 to 4 millimeters (depending on the configuration of the structure), so try to direct the jet in such a way as to achieve this result.

The coating technology of application will be a budget option for waterproofing. Using this method, you have the opportunity to perform high-quality waterproofing of small-sized space or individual structural elements, while the consumption of the polymer composition will be minimal.

Let us consider in more detail the stages of performing waterproofing work:

Purchase and prepare the necessary tools. The choice of a fine-bristled paint roller or wide brushes will depend on what type of construction you are processing.
Soak the nap of a roller or brush in a waterproofing polymer compound.
Paint all necessary areas, trying to cover the surface so that the coating is two to four millimeters thick.
Wait until the surface is completely dry.
Repeat the procedure with another layer.

If it is essential for you to obtain a uniform and smooth surface, the building level will help to check the quality of the work done. Thanks to him, you can identify all the defects that have arisen.

When using any material and, in particular, a waterproofing compound, it is recommended to prepare the base in advance - the surface. To do this, you will need to mark the areas subject to greater moisture influence. It should be noted that waterproofing is applied to the lower area of \u200b\u200bthe wall surface and floor. They should be cleaned in advance of dust, cracked plaster and large irregularities, which are recommended to be smoothed out before applying the polymer base.

Cement waterproofing protects various structures from moisture. Materials in this group are often used for many benefits. Correct mixing of the components ensures high reliability and increases the service life of the coating. There are different types of cement-based mixtures. When choosing, take into account their composition, properties.

Features:

Waterproofing mixtures are used to protect various surfaces from water: floors, walls and ceilings, joints, etc. Cement-based materials are widely used. This is due to the reasonable price, relatively simple application.

Despite the fact that cement absorbs some moisture, mixtures containing such a component provide high protection against water exposure. At the same time, there are no contradictions in properties, since in the manufacture of waterproofing on a cement basis, special additives are used that greatly improve the characteristics of the material.

For waterproofing surfaces, formulations containing stress cement are used. It is distinguished by increased strength, resistance to cracking. Compared to other brands, such cement absorbs moisture to a minimum. The use of hydrophobic additives, plasticizers enhances resistance to water, enhances reliability by increasing the plasticity of the mixture.

Waterproofing is applied in a layer of substantial thickness, due to which the treated structure is better protected. The principle of application is similar to the method of using plaster mixtures. Thanks to the waterproofing layer, condensation does not form, which gradually destroys the structure and cladding. As a result, the protected surfaces retain their attractiveness longer and serve for a long time.

Pros and cons

Positive traits:

wide range of applications: protection of foundations, fencing of single-storey and multi-storey buildings, waterproofing of pools and reservoirs in contact with water, preparation for cladding of bathrooms, balconies, application on structures that are exposed to a significant load of water under pressure, during flooding of premises;
high degree of protection against the influence of moisture, cement-based waterproofing can be used in any conditions, even in the most difficult;
simple application principle;
the possibility of applying to a moistened surface, which is due to the presence of cement in the composition, the adhesion of which only increases if the moisture content of the protected surface is first increased;
providing protection against corrosion;
absence of a chemical reaction upon contact with aggressive media;
resistance to low temperatures;
vapor permeability;
lack of harmful components.

There are few disadvantages of such mixtures. The possibility of applying only to structures that have already gained strength is noted. In addition, cement-based waterproofing materials provide a high degree of protection, provided that several layers of material are applied to the enclosed structure.

Varieties in composition

When choosing, take into account the type of components, the structure of the mixture. The material is selected taking into account the intended purpose of the enclosed structure, operating conditions. Waterproofing should correspond to the temperature regime at which it will be applied and served in the future. Violation of this condition will lead to the gradual destruction of the protective layer.

Cement-sand waterproofing

The composition is available in the form of a dry mixture. This is the simplest type of waterproofing in terms of properties, which is due to the use of cement as the main component. The mixture is quite tough; during the drying process, the protective coating should be moistened frequently - up to 3 times a day for 2 weeks.

For application, it is recommended to use the spray method of the composition using special equipment. The main purpose of the cement-sand mixture is to protect the monolithic foundation of objects. If you plan to apply waterproofing with your own hands, to increase the density of the composition, you need to introduce special additives. Without them, the service life of the waterproofing will be reduced, and the coating will not perform its functions.

The mixture is applied sequentially several times. When the work is over, it is recommended to protect the enclosed structure from possible damage during drying.

However, the surface of the waterproofing layer can still deform. In this case, moisture evaporates unevenly, which leads to a change in volume with different intensities.

With the addition of latex

Due to this composition, the plasticity of the material is ensured. Latex increases the crack resistance of the waterproofing. The material tolerates the effects of temperature changes and low values \u200b\u200bof this parameter much better. As a result, the cement mixture resembles liquid rubber in appearance and properties. After applying the material, an impermeable coating is obtained, which reliably protects the enclosed structure from moisture.

You can add latex to the cement mixture yourself, keeping the proportions. However, it is much easier to use a ready-made mixture.

Mandatory conditions when working with such material:

application of the method of gunning or spraying on a surface that has been carefully prepared beforehand;
the mixture should be hot.

The result is a seamless coating that does not allow moisture to pass through, does not crack, is resistant to mechanical stress and lasts a long time, and also withstands exposure to high temperatures.

With liquid glass

Such a component is added to the cement mixture, which improves the properties of a hard cement-sand mortar. Most often, the material is used to protect the foundation, basement floors, to form refractory coatings.

Advantages of formulations based on liquid glass:

protection against high temperatures;
high adhesion;
manifestation of antiseptic properties;
lack of toxic components in the composition.

Various uses:

liquid glass is applied to seams, joints, cracks, this option is used as an auxiliary measure, after applying this type of waterproofing, roll material is also used;
liquid glass is used as the main component of a cement mixture intended for pouring a foundation.

Cement-polymer

The composition includes Portland cement, sand, plasticizers. Cement-polymer waterproofing has improved properties. The main advantage of such a material is considered to be high resistance to tensile and tensile loads. This is due to the formation of molecular bonds with the combination of polymer components and cement. As a result, the enclosed structure tolerates dynamic loads well and is resistant to cracking.

There are different types of polymer-cement mixtures:

waterproofing adhesive;
waterproofing.

There are one- and two-component formulations. Moreover, the second of the options is more common. It contains acrylic emulsion, microfiber. Such material is used when there is a high risk of deformation loads (cracks of more than 1 mm are formed). In other cases, you can use dry one-component mixtures.

Types of compositions by method of application

Materials differ in structure and method of application. The choice is made taking into account the state of the enclosed structure. Penetrating compositions are preferred for use on surfaces that are porous. Cement waterproofing coating type, plaster and elastic coating mixture are applied to the surface. Certain types of materials are intended only for the repair of objects.

Coating

This is the most common mixture, it is used to protect various surfaces during construction and at the stage of repairs: floors, walls, ceilings, balconies, bathrooms, foundations, water tanks. Lubricating waterproofing allows you to create an impermeable layer on the protected surface, which thoroughly protects against water.

It is used for a long period, fills the smallest cracks. Such a composition can be applied to surfaces made of different materials: drywall, metal, brick, wood, concrete, etc.

Elastic coating

This group includes materials containing plasticizers. These are auxiliary components that are used to increase the elasticity of the cement composition. This type of mixture is recommended to be used to protect surfaces of complex configuration, prone to the formation of small cobweb-like cracks up to 0.5 mm wide.

The advantages of elastic waterproofing include increased strength. It is permissible to apply it on surfaces: swimming pool, terrace, balcony, water tank. It differs from the classic waterproofing of the coating type by its high price.

Plastering

This version of the material is prone to cracking, therefore it is not recommended to use it with increased dynamic loads. The surface of the enclosed structure should not deform, then a significant duration of the waterproofing service is ensured. To improve the properties, it is allowed to add auxiliary components, for example, water glass. This type of material has the advantage of being able to flatten curved surfaces and at the same time provide protection from moisture.

Penetrating

Waterproofing of this type can only be used to protect structures made of concrete and reinforced concrete. This is due to the fact that the composition provides efficiency provided that the protected surface is porous. Waterproofing penetrates into the structure of concrete, when it comes into contact with moisture contained in such material, it crystallizes, clogging the pores.

This prevents the risk of moisture penetration. Such a composition is used when it is not possible to protect the external surfaces of the structure with external waterproofing.

Repair compositions

They are characterized by a high drying rate. This type of material is recommended for filling joints and cracks. It can be used on different surfaces, including when restoring the foundation. The advantages of this mixture include the absence of drying shrinkage.

Water plug

The material is used when it is necessary to quickly restore the integrity of concrete pressure head structures. It is used to repair objects made of stone, concrete, reinforced concrete. Produced in dry form. Upon contact with water, when the mixture clogs the deformed area in the thickness of the concrete or stone structure, the cement composition instantly hardens, forming an impenetrable barrier to water. The advantage of a water plug is its high adhesion to the enclosed surface. It is used even if there is a leak.

Application technology

Instructions:

If the base is old, it is repaired: the top layer is removed, cleaned, leveled using special mixtures.
Before applying cement compositions, the surface is moistened.
When the excess moisture evaporates, and the enclosed structure is slightly moistened, waterproofing is applied.
The work uses a spatula or special equipment for spraying the mixture.
The material is applied several times. After the formation of the first layer, you need to wait 2-3 days, during this period the surface is moistened.
For 3 days, until the first layer has dried, the next one is applied, and then another one. The cement-based waterproofing should not be allowed to cover the dry surface.

Manufacturers

To purchase quality certified material, consider the products of common brands. It should be borne in mind that prices differ in Moscow and in the regions.

Ceresit CR 65

It is a rigid cement waterproofing. Application area:

internal and external surfaces;
structures buried in the soil;
bathtub pool and other tanks;
protection of walls, floors and ceilings in rooms with high humidity;
waterproofing of hydraulic engineering and treatment facilities;
protection of various objects from destruction and exposure to low temperatures.

On deformable objects, an elasticizer is added before using the mixture.

Bergauf Hydrostop

Waterproofing belongs to the group of materials of the coating type. It is a one-component mixture, applied 1-5 mm thick. It gains strength after 28 days and is resistant to bending and compression loads. The composition can be used in conditions of high and low temperatures: -50 ... + 70 ° С.

Cement NC

Stress cement belongs to a separate group of materials, since it has a high linear expansion rate, does not shrink, does not deform. This is the most durable substance, and it also wins in comparison with Portland cement in terms of moisture resistance. The material contains almost no pores, therefore it protects well from moisture.