To create a proper security level at the object, you must install security and fire alarms. The OPS system is a combination of technical tools for detecting a fire and identify attempts to illegal access to a protected perimeter. Two subsystems have general connected channels, similar to the algorithms for receiving, processing and transmitting information, alarm signals. In order to save them, they are best combined.

OPS systems are currently the most common. These protective lines allow you to create a proper level of security of a protected object.

Due to the combination of technological means, the operation of this kind of subsystems is based on several alarm types: security, fire and emergency. The security reveals the attempts of illegal penetration, the fire industry - the presence of fire, emergency warns of emergence of abnormal situations (gas leakage, expanding water supply, etc.).

What are the main tasks of security and fire systems?

OPS systems are built on combinations that are integrated with each other. However, the goals are individual for each subsystem. Allocate the following fire alarm tasks:

• Reception, processing, transmission of information about the occurrence of fire focal;
• Determination of the location of the fire;
• Transferring commands to the automatic fire extinguishing mechanism;
• Running the work of the smoke removal subsystem.

The security alarm tasks are:

• Detecting all attempts to illegal access to the protected area;
• Fixing the place and time of violation of the access rules;
• Transferring information to a computerized control panel.

Despite the fact that for both subsystems, individual objectives are allocated, the installation of OPS systems at the enterprise is intended to perform one common task: to ensure a timely response to the conditioned factor and the transfer of relevant information about the event.

On video - about how the security and fire alarm is running:

Comprehensive composition of integrated security and fire systems

OPS systems for their complex composition may differ from each other. First of all, it depends on the tasks that the fire alarm is performed. As a rule, this complex includes three main categories of equipment:

• A central control and management of OPS operations (a computer equipped with specialized software, a central control panel, a receiving and control mechanism);
• Devices for receiving, collecting and analyzing information coming from OPS sensors;
• Signal and sensory mechanisms (different types of sensors and notification devices).

The operation of the OPS system and control over its execution is carried out by a centralized device. Despite this, each alarm can be managed by separate enterprise security services. When installing such protective circuits, the autonomy of the work of each subsystem is maintained in the combination complex.

Fire alarm systems are equipped with sensors that allow you to identify an alarm. As a rule, the sensor specifications determines the parameters of the entire protection scheme. The mechanisms for obtaining, collecting and analyzing information coming from the OPS sensors are executive devices. They allow you to perform a programmed actions algorithm in response to an alarm received.

A feature of the security and fire alarm system is the possibility of its installation in two ways. First - OPS with closed (local) protection, i.e., arming is carried out within an object with the transfer of relevant information to the security service of the institution. The second is to argue in special divisions (private or private) and fire service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations.

Classification of system complexes

On a guarded facility, system complexes of the security and fire alarm system of various types can be installed:

• Non-educational (analog);
• Address (questionnaire and unknown);
• Combined (address-analog).

The non-educational system of the fire alarm system works on a simple principle. The perimeter of the protected object is divided into several parts, in each of which the loop is laid. It combines several notification mechanisms. The loop receives information from the detector immediately after it is triggered. The disadvantage of this type of protective circuit is the possibility of a false response of the device. The performance of the loop and detectors can only be checked during the technical inspection. The control zone is limited to the limits of one loop, and it is impossible to determine the exact location of the emergence of an emergency situation. Centralized control is performed by fire and fire panel mechanisms. In large objects, when installing this kind of systems, it is necessary to perform a large amount of work on laying connecting wires.

The address system of the fire alarm system can be a questionnaire and neurophable. When installing this type of protective line, address sensors are installed on the loop. When triggered, the code of a specific sensor is specified. Unpassed lines on the principle of operation are thresholds. When the output device fails, there is no connection with the receiving and control mechanism. The peculiarity of the survey systems is the periodic submission of a request for the performance of the notification mechanism. The survey schemes decreases the level of false alarm.

Today, combined fire and security complexes are the most common and efficient. In practice, they are called targeted analog.

To this system it is possible to connect various types of sensors. All information is processed by specialized electronic computers. The system independently determines the type of sensor and sets the algorithm for its operation. The combined line allows you to quickly process information and make an appropriate solution. The expansion of such a subsystem with additional protective lines is possible without much effort and costs.

Varieties of fire and security devices of notification

The security and fire system is necessarily equipped with sensors. Fire sensors subdivide:

• According to the method of transmitting received information (analog and thresholds);
• At the location on the guarded perimeter (external and internal);
• On the principle of fixing changes in space (volume, linear, surface);
• According to the method of controlling individual items (local or point);
• According to the signal formation method (active, passive);
• On the acting factor (thermal, light, smoke, ionization, manual, combined);
• According to the principle of physical impact (capacitive, seismic, radar, closing).

Among the security sensors, the following subspecies are distinguished (by type of applicable notification mechanisms):

• Contact;
• Magnetic;
• Electrocontact;
• Infrared passive;
• Active;
• Volumetric radio wave;
• Bulk ultrasound;
• Microwave;
• Acoustic;
• Capacitive;
• Vibration;
• Barometric.

On video - more information about the security and fire alarm system:

Video surveillance and OPS - efficient device integration

Video surveillance systems installed on the object allow control over the protected area around the clock in real time. The modern solution is the combination of OPS and video monitoring. The installation of such integrated systems will allow faster and better to identify the presence of a flame in a room or an attempt to illegal penetration into a protected area. To date, there are camcorders that can recognize the smoke in the lens, the presence of fire or other risk indicators.

Thanks to the integration of the video surveillance device into the OPS system, the operation of security and fire units is greatly facilitated. Video cameras allow you to identify the location of smoke or the presence of a flame. Also, such a combination helps to notify people about danger in time and conduct evacuation events. Video cameras allow you to continuously monitor the events occurring both inside the structure and in the adjacent territory.

All data in the installed video surveillance subsystem is stored in the archive. Access to the archive is open at any time.

When implementing such a system to work already existing OPS, cameras of various leading manufacturers are used. Video surveillance at the facility has a number of possibilities:

• Lighting control;
• Sending text messages to persons responsible for ensuring security, including fire-fighting, on the state of the object or emergency;
• Immediate alert of the building security sector employees;
• In the event of an emergency situation, it is possible to disable engineering, communication and conditioned subsystems;
• Recording and playing video files;
• Configuration of the mode;
• Setting the file storage time in the archive;
• Execution of scaling individual frames;
• Search, view and analyzing images on the necessary parameters (by camera number, date, time, event, room).

Security and fire systems (OPS) are designed to determine unauthorized penetration into the territory of the enterprise or fixation of fire, smoke. Systems work through a device complex: receiving and control devices, sensors, detectors, radio controllers include a station of monitoring and power supplies. The scheme of the fire and fire system is calculated from the individual plan of the room / building and is regulated normally, so when installing the system requires a professional approach.

Security alarm system for different types of buildings will have its own characteristics: it will be a cottage or office, several rooms or a huge complex. In the residential room, the system is mounted so that children or guests cannot accidentally press the control panel button or knock down the sensor settings. If the security and fire system is mounted in the office, then the instruction in the employees involved.

The composition of the OPS includes a security alarm device, wired or wireless sensors and notifying (signaling) devices. In large systems, a computer with special software is used as an element for centralized fire and security alarm management. In small systems, centralized management is entrusted to the security panel - the equipment collecting and processing information coming from the security alarm sensors.

Sensors can provide diverse protection of your property: with unauthorized opening of the door, the destruction of the glass, the opening of the window, recording motion, ignition, smoke, etc. Depending on the tasks, vibration, acoustic, capacitive sensors, thermal or smoke, flame detectors, manual detectors are used DR. To date, actively use such detectors as: infrared passive, magnetocontact, perimetral and combined active detectors. Such a system will be versatile to provide your safety.

Sensors of the security alarm must be placed taking into account the interior and designer features of the premises so as not to be, for example, in place where the furniture is already worth. Our specialists carefully develop a project of security alarm under each company to minimize the possibility of gross non-fear.

The integration of fire and security alarm occurs at the level of centralized monitoring and control. Opm houses are usually administered by various, not related to each other, control posts. The security alarm of apartments and houses timely notifies the security service in cases of unauthorized penetration, fixes the date, place and time of violation of certain overheads.

Fire alarm system, finding the hearth ignition, promptly notifies the fire and takes measures to automatically fire extinguishing. Since the main goal of the fire alarm is the salvation of human lives, then it assumes the task of determining the focus of fire and prevention of personnel.

Fire-security alarm detectors differ in the type of controlled physical parameter. Depending on the principle of generating an information signal, active and passive detectors differ.

• The active detectors of the security alarm system react to a change in the signal, which and generate themselves.
• Passive detectors fix the change in environmental parameters, which is caused by fire or invasion of intruders.

By type of gasket, fire and fire systems can be wired or wireless (withGSM.- Communication). In the local OPS, the transmission of the signal is carried out along the usual telephone wires. This system provides instant response and is more reliable, although it has a number of features related to the installation of a wired system. In the network OPS, the signal is transmitted via a mobile communication channel. This type of security and fire systems is considered more convenient: when the sensors are triggered, an SMS notification comes or voice notification, it is possible to notify the city line phones.

For both systems used digital modem board To connect the repeater - it takes sensor signals and translates them into a voice or text row and transmits to a PBX or control panel, notifying an incident.

Usually a security alarm is mounted in three stages. First, experts will hold the cable. Then plug in the equipment. If the security alarm is placed at the construction stage, the connection will be carried out after the finish is complete. The Alefo engineers are then conducting commissioning alarm.

Our specialists in installing OPS take into account many aspects. One of the most important points that should be taken into account at the stage of designing a fire and fire system is a cable wiring, because the success of the entire alarm system depends on it. For example, the gasket must be done with a 15% margin - in this case the system will not just be longer and more reliable to serve, but also the possibility of its expansion. We also, if necessary, install switching boxes - to maintain the efficiency of the system.

Often, after some time after installation, it is necessary to establish additional equipment that was not included in the initial alarm project. There may be a lot of reasons: there was no need for such actions or funds for their payment, the site expanded and so on. Therefore, Alefo is designing a security alarm system taking into account possible expansion.

When installing a security and fire alarm, we use System Sensor's reliable equipment, a car, Jablotron, Paradox, Honeywell, and alert system - from ROXTON, Inter-M manufacturers, Jedia.

Installation of security alarms should be done so that the most different parameters were taken into account, important indicators of access violations or risk of fire were recorded. We know that only the integrated use of all means reliably protects your property from damage, and you are from damages.

Security and Fire Alarm Systems (OPS) is something, without anything, no real estate object can do. In Russia (as in other countries), there is a national GOST, which regulates the installation and service of the OPS. It is followed by the relevant services, applying tough measures to the violators, which is not surprising - after all, the fire that occurred and not extended in a timely manner threatens not only the property, but the health and lives of people.

That is why it is so important to know:

What is the OPS;

Varieties of security and fire alarm systems;

Their advantages and disadvantages;

From which major components they consist;

What functions are performed;

What to be guided when choosing an ops.

If you distract from purely technical terms, the fire alarm is a combination of sensors, detectors, receiving and control and control devices, as well as auxiliary equipment, designed to ensure the fire safety of the object. The connection of the elements of the complex into a single whole can be wired or wireless depending on the specific situation and the wishes of the customer - but this does not affect the task set before the OPS.

● Timely detection of fire focus.

● Operational alert about the fire of people and fire services.

● Prevent false positives.

● Enabling automatic fire extinguishing system.

● Adjusting air flow (from the air conditioning, ventilation, etc.).

● Deleting smoke.

● Emergency management of building elements (doors, elevators, etc.).

Sensors (smoke, thermal, flame, gas, etc.) fix the presence of ignition and transmit a signal to the receiving and control panel, which process the signal to prevent false response and when confirming the ignition, include firing, fire extinguishing system and perform other programmed steps.

There are several varieties of OPS, differing from the type of sensor connection and other parameters. Consider some common types of OPS.

Thresholds or chaasadres

Sensors are connected to common loops without specifying the number and location. When alarm signal from the sensor, only the loop number will be known to the station to which the sensor has been connected. Therefore, such OPSs are installed only on small objects in areas where no more than 30 rooms.

The advantage of such OPS is budget. Disadvantages are a fairly large number of false positives, the complexity of finding a focus of fire (especially in the smoked rooms), expensive installation due to a large consumption of mounting materials and sensors (at least two per room).

Addressible ops

Sensors are connected to loops with the exchange protocol, so the station shows information about each successful sensor, i.e. There is an accurate indication of the place of fire. This increases response efficiency, but ... other shortcomings of threshold OPS remain (should still be taken into account that the targeted OPS is more expensive thresholds). Such OPS is also installed on small objects.

Address and analog OPS

If the first two OPS species considered by us were characterized by a low cost of equipment and quite high - installation, then with address and analog OPS is different: high cost of equipment and budget installation. As a rule, such an OPS put on large objects (trade and office centers, etc.), but they can be installed on a small object (if the price is not relevant to the owner).

If a detector has received a detector in the address and thresholds of the OPS, then in the address-analog control system, which monitors the state of the sensors and makes a decision on the basis of changes in the parameters. Such systems are one of the most modern and reliable, since the level of reliability of the alarm is very high. In addition, the alert of the relevant services is also performed promptly.

The advantages of address-analog OPS include:

The reliability of the system is even in the case of a loop cliff;

There are algorithms that prevent false responses (sensor sensitivity is automatically checked, there is a day / night mode, etc.);

It is possible to build a system without serious material costs;

A large number of additional and service options that simplify work with the system;

Easy to interact with automatic building systems (elevators, ventilation, etc.);

Easy and low cost of mounting and service.

The disadvantage is the need to use a vitu pair to mount, with a length limit.

Combined ops

The receiving and control equipment in such OPS has a modular structure, and the modules are also address-analog, and for connecting single and two-port loops.

To prevent unauthorized penetration and detection of foci of ignition at objects, install equipment for security and fire alarm, which is a whole range of special technical means. Thanks to the integration of this complex in the system of providing the life of the object, it is possible to form a multifunctional network that combines access, fire extinguishing systems and all kinds of engineering communications. This approach allows you to automate the process of operation and protect the object.

Functionality

When combining a fire and security system alarm, a multifunctional complex is obtained, which simultaneously protects the facility from the fire and identifies cases of unauthorized penetration.

The implementation of integration is carried out at the control and centralized monitoring level. All systems of the complex are used centrally, however, and are operated separately. Simply put, they are autonomous in the overall system.

Fire alarm performs the following functions:

1. Timely detection of fire.
2. Feed alarm to relevant services.
3. Informing those at the facility of people about what happened.
4. Ensuring safe evacuation.

Security alarm capabilities:

1. Prevent unauthorized penetration.
2. The organization of the access system (employees can only enter certain zones).
3. Fixing the place and time of penetration.
4. Determining the penetration method.

Fire alarm equipment

The list of used fire alarm devices depends on the functionality of the system and tasks that will be solved with its help.

Equipment used to ensure fire alarm can be divided into 5 categories:

♦ Equipment that allows you to perform centralized signaling management. This category includes a central computer with the necessary software. It is with its help that an alarm management is automated. The firebar can be used in cases where the fire alarm is required to install a simplified configuration.

♦ To track specific object zones, touch sensors are used. The essence of their work is to control certain parameters, in the case of which the immediate response occurs. This category includes all kinds of detectors and sensors.

♦ Executive equipment. It is necessary to activate the means of protection against fire or unauthorized penetration. These devices are responsible for transmitting alarm to appropriate services and alerts located at the facility of people about potential danger.

♦ Cable equipment. Used to connect all the above devices into a single complex. It is thanks to the wired equipment that the instruments are switched out, the transfer of control pulses and anxiety signals.

Appointment of fire alarm devices

The fire fighting system includes almost the same devices as security alarms. The difference lies only in the executive devices and sensors used. Below will be the functionality of each individual instrument.

Control panel

It is a small computer on which special software is installed. With it, it is managed by the work of each system device. The control panel allows you to configure the system and manage it. It also includes remote monitoring of the performance of all connected devices.

Receiving and control device

With this special device, data is collected from the signaling sensors, followed by their analysis. These modules are set separately or are part of the control panel. In systems with a simplified configuration, the receiving and control module can be used as a control panel.

Sensory

This category of devices includes detectors and sensors of various types that control the necessary parameters in the zone accountable. The sensor will work only if the value of one of these parameters will be released for the permissible boundaries.

Currently, a huge number of all kinds of sensors are presented on the market, which allow you to prevent people about the danger in a timely manner and use the receiving and control module to send the corresponding signal to the control panel.

There are several types of sensors used in automatic fire alarm:

1. Smoke sensors. Assess the smallestness of the room arising in the case of fire.
2. Heat sensors. Calculate changes in the temperature of the medium arising from the fire.
3. Flame sensors. Feed a signal when open fire is detected.
4. Gas sensors. It is triggered in the event of a change in the concentration of certain gas in the composition of the air.
5. Manual sensors. Used the personnel of the object to include fire extinguishing system when fire is detected.
6. Multisensory sensors. Their peculiarity lies in the fact that they are able to analyze at once 4 signs of fire.

All sensors used in fire alarm systems differ in the operating parameters (triggering speed, sensitivity, etc.). The sensor model should be selected based on the tasks that need to be solved on the object.

Types of sensors used in security alarm systems:

1. Motion sensors. Determine the availability of movement on a certain territory.
2. Sensors opening windows and doors. Allow to identify cases of opening windows or doors.
3. Vibrating sensors. A signal will be fed if attempts to collapse the structural elements of the object will be made, including walls.
4. Acoustic sensors. Trigger when the glass is broken.

Also, security systems can be equipped with appliances that control the parameters of the object environment. These include water leakage control sensors, gas, increasing humidity and temperature.

Installation of equipment

It is very important to correctly perform an alarm installation. From this depends on the degree of protection of the object. To achieve the maximum level of protection, before starting the installation of the equipment, develop a configuration and plan of the security and fire system.

At this stage, the calculation of the required number of detectors is calculated and the places of their installation are determined. The engineer needs to take into account the speed of triggering the sensors, their sensitivity and the coating zone.

Sensors must be installed in such a way as to overlapping the sensitive zones of each other. This approach will eliminate the presence of "blind" zones. Simply put, under control there should be absolutely all protected area. It is also very important to avoid exposure to the sensors of external factors to which thermal and ultraviolet radiation include, as well as all sorts of mechanical loads.

Wired highways are used to connect to the fire and security alarm devices. Wireless appliances are used to facilitate the installation of the system. In this case, the signal to the central panel from the sensors will be transmitted not by wires, but using radio channels.

Upon completion, you need to make sure that all sensors, receiving and control equipment and the central panel are performed.

Training video on the installation of alarm.

Conclusion

If you want your guard and fire complex to work properly for many years and performed functions assigned to it, the installation of equipment should be entrusted to qualified specialists.

Today, its services for the preparation and implementation of security and fire alarm projects provide many companies. Some of them are additionally engaged and selling the necessary equipment, as well as maintenance and setting systems. Correctly select the necessary equipment and unmistakably fulfill its installation for only a professional. Fire and security alarm is a pledge of the safety of the life and material values \u200b\u200bof the person.

The head of the enterprise or the owner of any real estate will take care of the protection of its property from the negative impact of man-made disasters and intruders. Ensure the safety of the room and all objects that are in it can not only specially trained people standing near the doors. Modern technologies allow the safety of the room due to the specially developed connected subsystems into one system. Many people are known to respond to fire and security alarm systems.

Security and fire alarm: the concept and its task

An integrated system that includes fire and security alarm systems is called a fire and security system. This system acquires greater popularity today. Most often, the system is part of an integrated security complex. The main function of the fire alarm system is provided by GOST 2642-84. Its main task is to receive, process and transfer in the prescribed manner of information on an emerge on the protected object of fire and fire or penetration of foreign people.

The main functions of the fire and fire system are:

• control over the state of the territory during the day;
• detection of even the slightest fire on the facility;
• determination of the exact location of the ignition or penetration of intruders;
• information should be provided in a clear form;
• responding to hacking attempts and system breakdowns;
• responding to malfunctions of detection device.

The fire alarm system is a difficult system, has a sufficiently large value, but according to consumer reviews and experiments, is the only reliable electronic protection device.

Modern security equipment includes several subsystems that depend on the executive functions:

• security - the device reacts to any external penetration;
• firefighter - devices react to the occurrence of any signs of fire;
• alarm - the device causes the necessary assistance if an unexpected attack signal appears;
• emergency - the device gives a signal when some emergency situations occur: gas leak, water breakthrough, water overflow, etc.

Each subsystem has its own strictly established goals. All subsystems are combined into one security system by integrating with each other.

What alarm consists, providing protection against fires and theft

The components of the fire control system and attackers are:

• sensors that are danger signal receivers;
• the equipment that receives the hazard signal;
• elements that inform about the danger
• communication installations;
• autonomous battery element (generator, battery);
• programs that provide the correct operation of the device.

The principle of operation of alarm

The principle of operation of the security and fire alarm is very simple. The main receivers of information about the fire, penetration of thieves or ill-wishers are the sensors. About fire or attack Sensory mechanisms transmit information to the control panel, which is responsible for collecting data, and in more complex integrated systems, the transmission of information occurs on the control panel. Once the information goes to the destination item, the software starts the system to respond.

The response itself depends on the system equipment. If the alarm is supplemented by a scot, then thanks to the transfer of information, locks, gates, turnstiles begin to respond to the signal. During the fire, additional evacuation doors open to avoid obstacles to leaving people of the danger zone.

If the system is equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing program, then at risk it necessarily works together with the function of removing smoke. It is important when the fire alarm is operating in blocking the power of the power supply, which protects against additional danger.

When penetrating the thieves and receiving the signal, the system launches its protection program depending on the type of signaling.

A variety of security and fire systems

The market of modern equipment is a variety of choice of fire alarm. The choice of consumers provides systems with a simplified program of protection, systems with additional environmental control sensors that react to overabundance of gas, water leakage, temperature or humidity.

The main allocation of alarm occurs on:

• Non-educational;
• Address;
• Targeted questionnaires;
• Neural address;
• Combined.

This classification occurs on the basis of differences in the principle of alarm operation.

On the principle of action of detectors, the danger is divided into:

• ultrasound;
• detectors light;
• detectors vibration;
• radio wave;
• acoustic;
• infrared;
• combined.

In the fire system, sensors of this type are installed:

• reacting to smoke;
• reacting temperature indoors;
• reacting to the flame;
• gas reactive;
• multisensory, which include response to 4 signs of fire;

All sensors differ from each other, have a different degree of sensitivity and reaction rate.

In the security system, the detectors of such types are known:

• sensors that respond to changes in the distance between the magnet on the doors (windows) and the german;
• detectors that react to blow or surface damage;
• sensors that react to any movements inside the security object;
• detectors that react to approach or touching the security object.

By a method of reaction to one or another problem, the sensors are divided into active and passive.

At the location of the alarm allocate:

• Internal;
• External;
• Combined.

There is a division of the system depending on the manual sensors:

1. By the method of obtaining information, it is distinguished: analog and thresholds;
2. By the location of the sensors relative to the room: internal and external;
3. By a method of response to changes in space: linear, surface, volumetric;
4. Depending on the response to individual items: local and point;
5. By factor of action: thermal, light, manual, combined, ionization;
6. Depending on the physical impact: closing, capacitive, radar, seismic.

The result of the system is the result

Thanks to the operation of the security and fire alarm, many objects are protected from a sudden attack, penetration, accidents and fires. According to the statistical data of an unauthorized invasion of objects in our country, this system is the safest. It is enough to analyze the statistics to understand the importance of alarm:

• 50% and more percent of unauthorized penetration on objects that have free access to working personnel and incoming customers;
• About 25% of the territories were objects of illegal penetration, while equipped with mechanical elements of protection;
• 20% of the protected bandwidth objects were subject to illegal penetration;
• 5% of territories equipped with complex electronic protection systems were exposed to illegal action of intruders.

Managers should worry about the protection of their facilities and ensure a high level of reliability by organizing a multi-level protection system.

Alarm sensors are set in this case in several levels:

• on the outer perimeter of the territory;
• on windows and doors;
• in interior;
• at objects that are considered the most important in the protected area: safes, cabinets, drawers.

Each item setting the sensors must be connected to its separate cell of the device that controls the signal from the sensor and reacts to it. This allows you to avoid bypassing the attacker of a separate point, as well as get a timely signal about the very first signs of fire, attack or emergency.