Making homemade furniture. DIY wooden furniture: tips, diagrams, drawings

Outdoor recreation with family or friends is a real treat for those who live in the city. When equipping a country house or dacha, it is necessary not only to think over the interior decoration, but also to make the garden plot itself comfortable and cozy, because it is so nice to organize a picnic for loved ones or just lie in a sun lounger with your favorite book. Garden furniture in this case is simply irreplaceable. It will make your stay pleasant and comfortable. You can make it with your own hands - it does not require a lot of effort and will save finances.

Peculiarities

Country furniture carries the same functional load as the items in your apartment. One has only to take into account one important nuance: it must certainly be not only functional, but also practical, since it will be operated on the street. It is this feature that determines the choice of materials for construction - they should not be afraid of water, sun and cold. Let's try to figure out which of the existing materials best meet these requirements.

Upholstered furniture in our apartments is undoubtedly more comfortable than solid wood or metal structures. But placing such items outdoors is impractical. To comfortably sit on a country bench or sofa, just prepare soft bases or pillows that can be easily removed into the house.

Wooden furniture

This is a classic version of furniture for a summer residence, which you can make yourself. Wood is a noble and practical option. It is suitable for making almost any item. A table, chairs, benches and even garden sofas made of wood, with proper care, will serve you faithfully for more than a year.

Even a novice craftsman can make a simple bench, but the aces of their craft can turn an ordinary picnic table into a real work of art.

Metal objects

Metal is a very practical and durable material. But when working with it, you will need a set of certain tools and skills. You can connect metal parts to each other both by welding and using bolts and screws. Another option is to give the desired shape by bending individual sections or structural elements.

Wicker furniture

Elegant and sophisticated wicker furniture can decorate any area. The main difficulty is to learn how to weave the rods beautifully and create the necessary shapes from them. Even if you've never done this, you can start with the simplest elements. The experience gained will allow in the future to create more complex and flowery models.

Drawings and diagrams

Having decided on the material from which your furniture will be made, you need to think in advance where it will be located and what kind of items you want to make. Indeed, despite the fact that these are not apartments, you should still determine the size and style that is optimal for you.

Shop

The simplest and most traditional material here is wood. There are several simple schemes for country shops. You can make seats for them either from planks or from solid wood. Based on the above diagrams, you can easily build a convenient and practical bench or bench of the required size. After completing the assembly, be sure to treat the wood with a protective agent.

As for the colors and designs, it all depends on your imagination. You can leave clean, laconic lines or cut out graceful curves. The natural design of the tree is an invariable classic, so you can only cover it with varnish. But if your idea requires it, then you can easily give it any color.

Table

The simplest version of the table is considered to be a product on four supports (legs) and with a solid tabletop. By the way, it can be made both from boards and from solid wood. A solid saw cut of a large tree looks very unusual, and the log itself can be sawn both along and across the trunk.

Often, whole stumps can be seen as a small table. The more impressive its size, the more intricate pattern the "tabletop" itself will have. The choice of the place where the table will be installed is also important. Make sure the surface is level. Otherwise, the table top will tilt or the table will wobble.

The base for the country table can also be made of metal - the product will turn out to be truly strong and durable. In addition, metal goes very well with wood and weaving. But a tabletop made of glass and other fragile materials will not work at all in this case. Firstly, even small drops of rain will be immediately visible on it, and, secondly, it can break even from a slight mechanical impact.

Sun lounger

This is not to say that a chaise longue is the most necessary piece of furniture in the country. But remember a vacation somewhere on the seashore and that pleasant feeling when you, relaxed, lay down on it and basked in the sun. To create such an atmosphere at your dacha is a dream that can be easily turned into reality.

The most convenient option would be a chaise longue with an adjustable back. With this design, you can find the ideal tilt angle to read a book or just watch the children frolic nearby.

For manufacturing, you will need boards, beams and slats. After you assemble the frame, you can start laying the battens. Remember to leave small gaps between them. The height of the chaise longue can be any - it all depends on your preferences. When in doubt, it is best to stick to the standard 35 cm.

Garden sofa

The main difference between a garden sofa will be that it will not be upholstered with soft foam rubber and fabric. If you are used to gathering at the dacha with a large company, then such a stationary object in a recreation area will be indispensable. It can be both simple and angular, and even U-shaped.

Models made from a large diameter tree trunk look quite brutal. In this case, you only need to install the log in the right place and cut out 1/4 of it so that you get a seat. Such a masterpiece can be supplemented with armrests with dimensions that emphasize the massiveness and reliability of the structure. But repainting in bright colors that covers the texture of the wood is not recommended for such a sofa, since it will look most impressive in its natural form.

In addition to the chopped model of the garden sofa, you can also make it from ordinary beams and planks. Recently, the production of furniture from pallets has become a real trend. In fact, you already have "semi-finished products" that you just need to connect and give them an aesthetic look by coloring.

Rocking chair

It is quite possible to assemble a rocking chair yourself. But if you have never held a plane and a jigsaw in your hands, then we advise you to start with simpler furniture models: here you will need an accurate calculation of every detail. In addition, due attention will have to be paid to the connecting elements: increased requirements are imposed on them due to the increased load that the chair will have to face during the period of operation.

The design can be absolutely anything. Most often, this can be a classic version of a wooden chair, in which it is so cozy to sit down on a warm evening, wrapping your legs in a warm blanket and sipping hot coffee. For lovers of minimalism, hi-tech and loft styles, options with a metal base and a rack and pinion seat are suitable.

Such a homemade rocking chair will become a real favorite of both the adult generation, who appreciate silence, and the little fidgets who will be happy to use it for its intended purpose.

How to collect?

In order to make the process of assembling garden furniture as easy as possible, we recommend that you stock up on all the necessary tools in advance. Professional jigsaws and planers in stores are quite expensive, so if you plan to assemble one bench and calm down on this, then it is impractical to purchase them for personal use - ask your neighbors or friends.

For beginners who have decided to master the manufacture of garden furniture, it should be borne in mind that it is not always possible to do everything perfectly the first time. It is better to stock up on material for future use so that you can replace the damaged part right away, and not run to a hardware store.

The process of making furniture will be much easier if you find the necessary instructions or drawing in advance. When you have already gained experience, you can easily improvise and create your own unique projects. But in the initial stages, it is better to stick to proven schemes.

It is much easier to start making garden furniture than to design and make a piece of furniture for your own apartment. This is due to the fact that there are no special aesthetic requirements for it. Well, who will reproach you for the fact that the shop is a little uneven ?! And by the way, it's a great experience. And if you have already got a chic garden sofa or table, then think about how to make furniture for the kitchen or bath with your own hands.

When choosing materials, you should not immediately run to a hardware store. Take a closer look at what you have in stock. Perhaps you or your friend have had beams and planks for several years that you would be sorry to throw away. Stumps and driftwood that get in the way on the site can also become a unique item or part of it. Remember if you have some hunting trophies on the mezzanine? Horns, skins and other paraphernalia will harmoniously fit into the interior of your recreation area.
Pallets (pallets) can be bought for little money at construction sites, in stores or online. You will save a significant amount of cutting and assembly time with these versatile designs.

A kitchen set is considered one of the simplest types of furniture in a hand-made assembly for inexperienced craftsmen.

The furnishings for the recreation room and the hall, as a rule, need a professional approach, the use of extraordinary materials.

Today we'll talk about how to assemble furniture with your own hands.

The use of chipboard as the main building material

Today, natural massif in its pure form is almost impossible to find in a setting. After all, sets made of natural wood are considered expensive and quite elite pieces of furniture. Therefore, the array is replaced with an affordable material such as chipboard.

In most cases, these boards are up to 16 mm thick. Thicker sheets are also sold. The material is cut on machines.

You can work at home using an electric jigsaw, but irregularities and chips cannot be avoided. After all, it is almost impossible to cut off the chipboard at home with exactly a jigsaw.

Edges

One of the weak points of this material is the saw cut, since it is through it that moisture passes inside the easiest way. In this regard, due to poor-quality protection, swelling of the ends is not excluded. Therefore, it is preferable to cover the ends with edges, as in the photo of do-it-yourself furniture below.

There are several types of edges on the modern market:

Melamine. It is the most affordable edge with excellent quality in the price category. It can be glued by yourself using an ordinary iron.
PVC is an excellent choice of edging. Its gluing is available exclusively on the machine.
ABS edging similar to PVC edging, but made from natural material.

Facades

The front part and doors of the furnishings, including do-it-yourself garden furniture, are made of the best quality material.

The facade is considered a separate piece of furniture and, as a rule, is made to order.

In the case where the facades have unusual shapes, they can be produced over an extended period of time.

Types of facades

Since the main function of the front part is decorative, it is accordingly offered in a wide variety. The facade differs in material, as well as externally.

Laminated MDF is a pressed and moisture-resistant material. Usually the surface is processed to look like a natural solid wood.

However, even with the most durable film, after a certain period of time, the edges crack and also come off. The main advantage of such a material is the affordable cost and speed of production.

In addition to deaf-type facades, there are options for a curly look under a stained-glass window. The glass part is fixed to a special overlay.

Wood facades will appeal to lovers of natural materials, but their cost is quite high. In addition, environmental friendliness is also controversial.

Note!

Painted front part under enamel. It has a significant disadvantage - chips and deformations often appear on the surface.

It was once exploited because of its attractive catchy shade, but with the advent of shiny plastic, everything changed radically.

Glass fronts made of aluminum are suitable for high-tech kitchen spaces. They look fashionable, but they are quite problematic in production and installation. Unusual fittings are used for fastening.

Boxes

There are many methods of making headset boxes, as well as DIY pallet furniture. One of the simplest is considered to be assembly along the perimeter using chipboard.

If it is necessary to create an original facade, it must be screwed overlay onto the frame main part from the inside.

In addition, the facade is often attached to eccentrics in the form of one of the drawer walls. In this case, the main task is not to assemble the necessary box, but to correctly fix it.

Note!

Doors

There is a built-in wardrobe and a free-standing one. Internal filling is at the discretion of the owner, it is possible to carry out the restoration of furniture with your own hands.

The main element of each cabinet is a sliding door leaf. It is not recommended to save on this part; it is important to purchase good quality fittings.

Basically, the wardrobe is equipped with several doors, consisting of a frame into which decorative elements are inserted. Door leaves can be assembled from several materials, separated by an aluminum profile.

The movement of the canvases is carried out along special guides, which are installed with your own hands, just as furniture is created from cardboard with your own hands.

Conclusion

If we approach the issue of creating and installing pieces of furniture with all responsibility, then the furnishings will turn out to be not only high-quality, but also affordable, differ in exclusivity and peculiarity.

DIY furniture photo

Note!

Unusual wooden bed for a rustic bedroom

At first glance, making a piece of furniture yourself is very simple. Only when a person begins to do this, it turns out that it is not so easy. It is necessary to find a working material that is suitable in texture and color, correctly process it, manufacture and correctly assemble all the elements.

Unusual interior decoration in the wooden house of the forester

Collecting furniture with his own hands, a person wants to give his home more individuality and originality. But there are other benefits as well.

Wooden furniture for the kitchen, made in country style

Environmental friendliness. Wooden elements fit perfectly into a children's room or bedroom, into all rooms where materials should be as safe as possible, natural, free from harmful substances. Only resins and essential oils can be inside the array. But they affect the human body rather positively than negatively.
Stability. Any wood furniture serves at least 45-50 years. It is resistant to mechanical stress.
Ease of repair. Despite the complexity of manufacturing, the repair of furniture elements is quite simple, requires a minimum amount of effort, skill and tools.
Ergonomic
Maximum comfort. When creating furniture made of wood with your own hands, you can immediately take into account all the features of the physique of the future owner.
"Flight of Fantasy". Any, even the most daring design idea, will look great against a wooden background. Hand finishing will add even more chic to the furniture.
Price. Furniture made from solid wood in industrial production is quite expensive. If you make it yourself, then the price decreases significantly.

A perfect decoration for your interior - an armchair made of solid beech

In addition to all the above advantages of furniture elements, one more thing should be noted - availability. You don't have to buy them in luxury, designer salons. It is enough to study the basic principles of its production and get down to business, working with your own hands you can create a completely unique piece of furniture.

Large garden swing made of wood for a do-it-yourself summer cottage

The main styles that have wooden pieces of furniture in their arsenal

Wooden kitchen furniture for dining room or cozy cafe

Many talented designers work with solid wood furniture. It is a mistake to think that it can only decorate rooms decorated in a classic style. There are directions in which you can successfully fit wooden furniture:

Country. Its distinctive features are angularity, roughness in lines, and the absence of artificial surface treatments. Wood is an ideal working material for country-style furnishings. These can be summer cottages, private houses, inside which you can easily create an atmosphere of primitiveness.

Spacious and light rustic country-style living room

Eco style. For admirers of this trend, it is not fashion trends that are important, but naturalness and naturalness. They are close to the country style, the only difference is the shades, in the first version, bright and dark tones can be used, in the second, preference is given to light, natural ones. Eco-style rooms require a large amount of modern technology, while wooden furniture will make the interior softer and more sophisticated.

Wooden table with carved legs for eco-style interior decoration

Provence. This trend is well known in the world of female interior design. Its distinctive features: a large number of flowers, silver, cute dishes. This is a "warm, cozy" style. You don't want to leave such a kitchen and living room, so a wicker chair or a wooden table will fit perfectly into it. But the main thing here is not to overdo it, massive elements will attract too much attention, and will be perceived separately from all other thematic elements.

Interior in a romantic Provence style with wooden furniture

In other styles, you can also see wooden furniture, but in smaller quantities. For example, in the areas of minimalism and modernity, additional wooden accessories are very relevant: lamps, clocks, figurines, vases.

Wooden interior design in the style of minimalism

General principles of creating wooden furniture

Beautiful and functional wood kitchen

Before starting to work with your own hands, you need to develop a project; on the Internet you can find a photo of the desired element.

Finished processed wood fronts for kitchen furniture

The next stage is the selection of wood. It must be 100% tested and of high quality. The service life of the item depends on this. It must be remembered that the working material is divided into soft and hard. The faster a tree grows, the softer its wood is.

DIY outdoor furniture made of wood

The most valuable and expensive is oak. It is prized for its ability to successfully dye it in any color.

A set of furniture for the dining room in the house or summer cottage, made of wood with your own hands

Mahogany is also considered valuable. Its advantages are high strength and moisture resistance. It is from this wood that the most luxurious and luxurious wooden furniture is obtained.

DIY outdoor mahogany furniture for the playground

Pine, spruce, cedar, maple, cherry, walnut are considered less expensive and affordable for the middle stratum of the population.

Lovely solid and sturdy wood dining table

After choosing wood, you need to purchase shields. Better if they are monolithic.

The main stages of work

Development of a drawing of a future product.

We develop a drawing of a garden chair made of wood for a summer residence

Preparing a tree for sawing, drawing markings on it, sawing.

Marking and preparing for cutting

The process of drilling holes in the manufacture of furniture with your own hands

Product coloring.

Painting process of finished wood product

Assembly of elements.

Assembling handmade wood furniture

Necessary tool for work

Screwdriver.
Jigsaw.
Plane.
Furniture stapler.
Hammer.
Screwdriver.
Furniture knife.
Paint, varnish, brush.
Necessary fittings.

Tool for making furniture

In addition to all of the above, you will need hardware, additional consumables. If the foreman is experienced, he can use more complex working tools.

Finishing the finished product

Processing of the finished product by the method of chemical aging of furniture

When the manufacture and assembly of the furniture product is completed, it is necessary to give it a finished look. You can simply paint the element, apply decorative ornaments on it with your own hands.

Basic processing options

Toning.
Painting.
Varnishing.
Deresinization.

To make a high-quality tint of furniture means to give it the most natural and beautiful shade. They can be very diverse, but naturalness will always be seen in the first place.

Varnishing a furniture element is creating a glossy sheen. Additionally, this layer protects it, increasing its wear resistance.

Finishing wood with varnish with your own hands

In the process of processing furniture elements, resin residues must be removed from all work surfaces. This is done with alcohol, gasoline, acetone.

The simplest and most popular method of finishing wooden furniture with your own hands is to cover it with a standard varnish. It does not require large costs and complex finishing tools. The undoubted advantage is the preservation of the original appearance and texture of the working material.

If the tree belongs to hard species, then it can be covered with colored paint. Using this method, inexpensive wood can be painted to match the expensive variety.

Painting methods

Solid.
Toning.
Application of a layer of the coloring element under the varnish.

It is necessary to apply paint very carefully and carefully, observing certain stages of work.

Cleaning of all irregularities, knots.
Deresinization.
Removal of cracks and chips.
Primer.
Coloring.

After the paint dries, you can apply a decorative pattern to it. This can be done with a brush, airbrush.

In most cases, there should be several layers of paint and varnish. After each of them dries, it is necessary to grind, for this, sandpaper is used.

Particular attention should be paid to carved elements, they are more difficult to process.

Wooden furniture "is able" to fit into any interior, the main thing is to do it correctly. Individuals with a well-developed sense of style and imagination can create in their home a whole small world, different from others, unique, with its own atmosphere and mood.

An excellent option for using wood furniture in the interior of the kitchen-dining room

Video: how to make a wooden dining table with your own hands in a garage workshop

Today in furniture stores you can see a large assortment of sofas, armchairs, tables, chairs. All of them differ in materials of manufacture, color scheme, style, design. You can transform the interior not only with the help of products purchased in the store. It is possible to make them yourself. DIY furniture interesting ideas will be discussed further.

DIY interior items have the following advantages:

Budget - finished products will cost much less than furniture purchased in a store. The cost of making it is equal to the cost of materials and the time spent. In some cases, you will need the tools necessary to create furniture;
Durability, reliability - in the case of independent manufacture of chairs, tables, sofas, its owner will know exactly what the product consists of, how reliable it is. When using high-quality elements, interior items will turn out to be strong and will last a long time;
Originality - self-made models are distinguished by their uniqueness, they are made in one copy. There is an opportunity to translate into reality many ideas. Thus, you can decorate the room with exclusive products that will become the highlight of the room and attract the attention of guests.

Non-standard materials

For the manufacture of furniture with their own hands, they use interesting ideas that allow you to create tables, armchairs, chairs of a unique design. Materials for these purposes can be varied. Most often, they use improvised means that are inexpensive to translate ideas. Thus, it will be possible to make an exclusive model and save a lot.

Unusual materials for the manufacture of interior items:

Wooden pallets;
SIP panels;
Various pipes;
Car tires;
Paper, newspapers, books;
Branches, tree trunks.

This is just a small list of what is used to make furniture. The main thing in this business is the desire and boundless imagination of the master.

Original interior items are made from pallets, which will be a wonderful decoration for a garden plot. In addition, benches, tables, sofas are easy to make. An excellent option for relaxing and sunbathing is a chaise longue made of pallets. To make the chaise even more original and comfortable, you can put a soft mattress or several bright pillows on top.

In addition, unusual interior items made from pallets will perfectly fit into the design of a loft-style room. It is characterized by roughness, raw materials, so a sofa, armchairs or a pallet table will be an excellent option for a living room. In addition, this material is very convenient, since the height and width of the product can be adjusted by the number of elements. In the bedroom, you can install a bed, the frame of which will be made of this material.

SIP panels in the interior

SIP panels are used in the construction of houses. They are two sheets, between which there is foam. SIP panels can be used to make interesting furniture for a house or apartment. The products are lightweight and at the same time very durable. They do not harm human health. Even in the event of fire, they do not emit toxins. Furniture made of SIP panels is not afraid of ultraviolet rays, mold and mildew.

From plastic pipes

Many interesting objects can be made from plastic pipes. Such products will have a number of advantages, including:

Resistant to moisture;
Reliability;
Strength;
Security;
Low cost;
Relative lightness.

Plastic pipes are used to make chairs and sun loungers for summer cottages. Various lockers, tables, chairs are perfect for an apartment or a private house. A stylish coffee table made of plastic pipes will be an excellent option; you can put magazines and newspapers on it.

Wicker furniture

Wicker furniture is a stylish, original decoration of a country house. A set of several armchairs and a table is ideal for an outdoor terrace. Wicker furniture looks amazing, you can make a real work of art yourself. Interior items made using the weaving technique:

Armchairs;
Rocking chair;
Sofa;
Chair;
Curbstone.

In addition, there are various flower stands and shelves. Wicker furniture is environmentally friendly, lightweight, beautiful, not afraid of high humidity and does not require special care.

Over time, chairs, sofas, tables and other interior items deteriorate and lose the beauty of their original appearance. You can bring them back to life with the help of alterations:

Old wooden chairs, tables are repainted, and they become like new;
The upholstery of armchairs and sofas is changed to a new one;
Old wardrobes, chests of drawers, cabinets are pasted over with wallpaper or self-adhesive film. You can also decorate them with acrylic paint and other compounds;
Do not rush to throw away old furniture, it can be perfect for a summer residence. Flower pots can be placed in the drawers of the chest of drawers. The cabinet is a great place to store your gardening tools.

Alteration of old interior items will not take so much time. In addition, it will allow you to save money, since the purchase of new furniture will cost much more. Another positive aspect of the rework is the ability to create a unique design of armchairs, sofas, tables and other products to your liking.

Photo

The kitchen and wardrobe are almost the easiest types of furniture to assemble for novice craftsmen (not counting only bedside tables and shelves). In general, furniture for the living room and bedroom usually requires a more serious approach, the use of non-standard materials, glass. This article will help beginners understand how to make their own furniture.

Pure wood is practically not used in cabinet furniture anymore; the array is considered an expensive elite material.

Now the tree is being replaced with a cheaper material - laminated chipboard (abbreviated chipboard). Most often, these boards have a thickness of 16 mm; chipboard with a thickness of 10 and 22 mm can also be found on sale. 10mm sheets are commonly used for filling wardrobe doors, and 22mm for bookcases and shelves where high flexural strength is required. Also, sometimes with the help of elements from laminated chipboard 22 mm, they decorate the structure.

Almost all furniture parts are made of 16 mm laminated chipboard (except for doors and facades).

Laminated chipboard

Chipboard is cut on special machines along guides. Of course, you can cut it off at home with a jigsaw, but then there will be chips and wavy irregularities on the edges. It is almost impossible to cut off the chipboard exactly with a jigsaw at home.

Edges

The most vulnerable place of laminated chipboard is its saw cut. It is easiest for moisture to penetrate through it, therefore, with poor protection, the ends can soon swell. Therefore, the ends are closed with edges; there are several types of them.

- Melamine edging is the cheapest, but of poor quality. You can stick it at home using an iron.

- PVC edging 0.4 and 2 mm is the best option. It can be glued only on a special machine, so they make it immediately when ordering a cut. To save money, 0.4 mm is glued to invisible ends, and 2 mm to external ones, which will experience constant loads and friction.

PVC edge 2 mm

- ABS edge - similar to PVC, only made of eco-friendly material.
- Cut-in T-profile - inserted into a groove previously made by a cutter. It is rarely used.

- Overhead U-profile - can be easily glued at home on liquid nails. The main disadvantage is that the edges will protrude by a few millimeters, so dirt gets clogged under it. On the other hand, this drawback allows you to hide a low-quality cut.

Facades

Kitchen fronts and furniture doors are usually made of more elegant materials. But if you make a drawer door inside a wardrobe that no one will see, you can also use a regular 16 mm chipboard with a 2 mm PVC edge for it. But kitchen cabinets should look more presentable.

The facade is a separate piece of furniture. Usually it is made to order. If the dimensions of the facades are non-standard, their production can take several months.

You can easily navigate by standard dimensions: usually the facades are made 2 mm less than the cabinet itself on each side. Therefore, for a standard 600 mm cabinet, a 596 mm facade is used.

The height of the kitchen cabinet also depends on the facade and ranges from 715 to 725 mm for base cabinets (without legs) and low wall cabinets, and 915-925 mm for tall wall cabinets.

Types of facades

Since the facades mainly perform a decorative function, the choice is huge, they differ in appearance and material.

- Facades from laminated MDF. This is a pressed material, which is more moisture resistant and dense than chipboard. Most often, the surface is laminated "wood-like". But no matter how strong the film is, over time at the edges it can come off and crack. The main advantage of this material is its low cost and fast production.

MDF facades

- In addition to standard blank facades, there are also options with curly cutouts for a stained glass window. The glass is attached to the cover from the back side.
- Softforming - such facades are similar to conventional MDF, but have a characteristic two-color layout with relief on both sides. They can only be used in dry rooms, bedrooms or living rooms.

- Postforming - even better quality and durable products. Thin plastic at the edges is wrapped 90 ° or 180 °, thereby eliminating unnecessary seams at the corners. Chipboard or MDF boards are used as the basis. Usually, postforming is done in a strict form, without unnecessary pretentious decorative elements.

- Plastic facades are of high quality, but expensive. They consist of a base (chipboard / MDF), lined on both sides with thick plastic. They always have a strict design and a flat surface, glossy or matte. The edges of the slab are sometimes protected with ABS edging or aluminum profiles. Recently, super-glossy acrylic plastic is especially popular.

Plastic facades in an aluminum profile

- Facades made of wood and veneer are suitable for lovers of natural materials, but they are expensive. In addition, there is a long debate about environmental friendliness: there is an opinion that there is so much varnish and impregnation that only one name remains from the tree.

- Painted facades under enamel. They have a significant drawback - the surface is vulnerable to scratches and deformations, and has low chemical resistance. They used to be popular for their rich color, but with the arrival of glossy acrylic plastic, this has changed.

Aluminum fronts with glass - suitable for high-tech kitchens. They look modern, but difficult to manufacture and install. For their fastening, non-standard fittings are used.

Back walls and bottom of drawers

The back wall and bottom of the boxes are most often made of MDF. The smooth side of the sheet should point towards the inside of the cabinet / drawer. The thickness of the sheets is 3-5 mm, the color is matched to the chipboard.

Some people prefer to fix the MDF on a furniture stapler, but this cannot be done. Over time, the staples will loosen and the structure may warp. It's not worth talking about the bottom of the boxes - a stapler for fastening is clearly not suitable.

Furniture LDVP

Sometimes it is inserted into a groove prepared by a cutter, but all dimensions must match up to a millimeter.

Most often, LDVP is attached to nails or self-tapping screws. It is better to use self-tapping screws with a press washer, but before screwing them in, you need to drill a hole, otherwise the product may crack.

In rare cases, for example, to create a "stiffening rib" in a high cabinet or in boxes with high loads, fiberboard is replaced with laminated chipboard. These materials can also be combined.

Countertops

A worktop is a horizontal work surface on which you can cook, eat, read, write, etc.

Most office desks and desks, as well as cheap dining tables, have the same chipboard top as the main parts. Thickness is 16 or 22 mm, PVC edging is obligatory 2 mm.

Special countertops are used for the kitchen. They represent a sheet of laminated chipboard with a thickness of 28-38 mm, which is covered from above with durable plastic using postforming technology. Moisture-resistant countertops are green on the cut, and regular chipboard is gray. A proper kitchen worktop should have a drip tray to prevent dripping liquid from entering the fronts and drawers.

The weak point of such countertops is the edge of the saw cut. Usually they are covered with a simple melamine edging, so they become unusable already in the first year of operation. To avoid this, it is recommended to protect the edges with special aluminum profiles (end plate), and pre-coat the saw cut with silicone sealant to protect it from moisture.

There are also other types of profile: corner and connecting strip, which are needed to join several cabinets with different worktops.

Corner, connecting and end strip for worktops

Another element is a decorative corner that closes the gap between the wall and the countertop.

A wall panel is sometimes used to finish the apron. Unlike tiles or mosaics, they are more practical due to the absence of seams and are inexpensive compared to glass aprons.

Fastening the countertop to the cabinets is done from below with short self-tapping screws to the horizontal struts so as not to spoil the smooth front surface.

Natural or artificial stone countertops are of higher quality and more durable than others. Natural stone is heavy and requires special care due to its high porosity. And the artificial stone does not have such disadvantages, it can be given any size and shape. The main disadvantage of stone countertops is the high price, for a small kitchen they cost from 40 thousand rubles. and more.

An alternative option is a tile or porcelain stoneware countertop. You can make it yourself, but the tiles cannot be fixed on ordinary plywood or chipboard. The base must first be sheathed with fiber-cement sheets.

Location of parts

A detail is any element of cabinet furniture: covers, countertops, walls, facades, shelves. Each part can be either nested or invoiced. Choosing the right type of location is very important.

Consider examples of two kitchen cabinets: one of them will stand on legs, and the other will be hanging.

Base cabinet:

As you can see in the photo, the operating stress in the floor-standing cabinet is directed downward from the cover and in the first embodiment is naturally transmitted through the parts to the cabinet legs.

In the second, incorrect version, the load is transmitted through the confirmat (furniture screw), and because of this it will be pulled out of the part for a break.

Wall cabinet:

In the second example, the opposite is true: the load will go to the bottom flange, and the attachment point will be on top.

If we apply the same fastening scheme here as in the base cabinet (option 1), all 4 bolts will be constantly under the pulling load from the tree. Therefore, it is better if the confirmations experience a fracture load (see the “correct” diagram).

Furniture fasteners

Furniture fasteners are hardware (metal products) that are used to connect parts. Most often, connections are made at right angles.

- Wood Dowels - Insert into pre-drilled holes in both parts. They are used to pre-fix and reinforce the shear load, then the parts are fixed in a more reliable way.

- Furniture corners are a popular but outdated type of furniture fixture. Among the cons: appearance, loosening over time, and bulkiness.

Furniture corner

The main disadvantage of this type of fastening is that the caps screwed in flush remain visible. To hide them, use plastic plugs in the color of chipboard.

Furniture fittings

- Pens - everything is clear here. They are usually fastened with screws.
- Legs - comfortable in rooms where wet floor cleaning is often done, for example, in the kitchen. Any wood, especially chipboard, will quickly deteriorate from daily contact with water. In addition, the legs can be used to level furniture on uneven surfaces.
- A silicone damper is a cheap but very useful part that can help reduce the noise of knocks from cabinet doors. Bonded to the top and bottom of the door or end of the cabinet to soften the impact.

- Furniture hinges. Round cutouts for them (additives) in facades can be made in any furniture shop, if the manufacturer has not made them in advance. The hinges differ in the degree of door opening. Standard hinges have an opening angle of 180 ° and 90 ° in the closed position.
  The hinges have a special mechanism that allows you to adjust the doors in height and seating depth. Separate hinges are sold for glass doors, in which glass can be clamped without drilling a hole.

Furniture hinges

From inexpensive manufacturers of fittings, we can recommend the Chinese Boyard, from the serious world - the Austrian Blum.

Drawers and guides

There are many ways to make furniture boxes. The simplest of them is to assemble a perimeter from chipboard. If a beautiful facade is required, it is screwed overlay onto the main frame from the inside (like the countertop). Also, the facade can be fixed on eccentrics as the fourth wall of the drawer.

But the main thing is not to assemble the drawer, but to fix it correctly.

Drawer guides are divided into roller or ball guides.

- Roller guides are usually attached to the bottom of the drawer. He will ride on them on two rollers. A pair of such guides costs about 150 rubles, but using them is highly discouraged. The main disadvantage is that they do not allow the drawer to be pulled out completely, a heavy drawer in more than half open position can simply fall.
- Ball guides, or as they are also called, "telescopic full extension guides" are able to double the length. They have a lot of balls inside, like in bearings, so they provide a smooth ride.

Roller and ball guides for drawers

In addition, Blum has Metaboxes and Tandemboxes. These are ready-made side walls of the drawers with installed rails. All that remains is to install the facade, back wall and bottom.

Doors for wardrobes

A sliding wardrobe can be separate (with side and rear walls), or built into a niche or corner (with one side wall). Internal filling can be anything: ordinary shelves and mezzanines, drawers and baskets, clothes rails, special hangers for trousers, ties, etc.

The main element of the wardrobe is sliding doors. You cannot save on them, you need to buy high-quality fittings, otherwise then you will be tortured with falling and jamming doors. In almost any city, it is not a problem to find Aristo domestic sliding systems in specialized stores.

A sliding wardrobe usually has 2-3 doors. They consist of a profiled frame, inside which decorative elements are inserted: mirrors and glass, laminated chipboard, sheets of rattan, bamboo, artificial leather (based). Each door can be assembled from a combination of several such materials, which are separated by an aluminum profile. It is not recommended to make doors more than 1 m wide in width.

Standard profiles are designed for 10 mm blade thickness. But how to insert a 4 mm thick mirror into it? For this, a silicone seal is put on the edge of the mirror. So that in the event of a blow, the broken glass does not hurt anyone, you need to order a mirror with a film glued to the seamy side.

The doors move along the guides, they are installed from above and below. The lower doors provide back and forth movement, while the upper ones fix the door relative to the depth of the cabinet.

The lower rollers are usually made of plastic and have a shock absorbing spring and a screw for height adjustment. The upper rollers have a rubberized surface.
With the proper approach, home-made furniture turns out to be cheaper and of better quality than exhibited in stores. But besides this, it will be exclusive, exactly matching the needs of the owners and the characteristics of the premises.