What are hoods? Installation of an exhaust hood using special support frames.

In areas related to food preparation, large emissions of steam, grease, combustion products, etc. occur. To prevent their spread to other areas and to purify the air from them, exhaust hoods are often used. Next, we will consider what these devices are, their types and features.

Installation of kitchen exhaust systems

Any room has a ventilation system that provides fresh air inflow and polluted air outflow. However, such ventilation is not enough for food preparation areas, because emissions, before entering the general system, spread throughout the room and mix with a clean one.

Therefore, in the food industry and in domestic kitchens, local ventilation is usually used, the main element of which is a ventilation hood. Most often it is a domed structure that is connected to a general ventilation system.

The umbrellas of ventilation systems are made of galvanized sheet steel so that when hot air enters the box, oxidation and further air pollution do not occur.

The whole structure usually consists of several basic elements:

Box - is the main product, since it prevents the spread of emissions throughout the space of the room, and also acts as a housing for other parts.
Filters - as a rule, all models are necessarily equipped with a grease trap. In addition, they can have additional filtration systems.
Fan - forcibly sucks polluted air into the box. I must say that it is not available in all devices. For example, if the structure is connected to forced exhaust ventilation, then it may not.
Air duct - a channel through which polluted air flows from the box to the ventilation system. The diameter of the duct can be different: 110–150 mm. In addition, there are square and rectangular ducts.

Note!
When working with an open flame, the product must be equipped with a flame extinguishing filter.

Depending on the type of device, the design may have some nuances. For example, recuperative ventilation hoods do not have an air duct, as they are not connected to general ventilation. The air in such devices is finely cleaned and goes back into the room.

Thus, the principle of operation of the structure is quite simple - polluted air is sucked into the hood, it is cleaned there to prevent it, and then it is discharged outside through the air ducts.

Kinds

All existing kitchen umbrellas differ in several ways:

Household and industrial hoods

An industrial ventilation hood is in many ways similar to household hoods.

The difference is only in a few points, such as:

Size - industrial devices are much larger, since they cover the area of \u200b\u200bindustrial furnaces.
The fan power is much higher.
Filters - industrial hoods have special grease traps, from which the settled impurities drain into a special glass. Such a drive must be periodically emptied and washed with soapy water. Household appliances, as a rule, have paper and fiber disposable filters.

I must say that the difference between industrial and household hoods is sometimes not very pronounced. For example, in cottages, devices are often installed that are very similar in their characteristics to industrial hoods.

Note!
The price of these products mainly depends on the fan power, dimensions and the availability of additional functions.

Installation methods

As mentioned above, there are two types of hoods according to the installation method:

Island ventilation umbrellas - suspended from the ceiling. They are often installed above the stoves located in the middle of the room. As a rule, such devices contain several rows of filters.
Wall-mounted - as you might guess from the name, they are mounted to the wall. Such structures are often installed above kitchen stoves located near the wall. It is quite simple to install such a hood with your own hands.

Note!
When installing the hood above the stove, according to GOST for the hoods of ventilation systems, it must be at least 100 mm larger than the hood.
This will avoid the release of harmful substances into the environment.

These are, perhaps, all the main differences between local exhaust installations, knowing which, you can choose the most suitable device for a particular case.

Output

Exhaust hoods are widely used in everyday life and in the food industry, as they provide high-quality removal of polluted air. In addition, the instructions for their operation and maintenance are extremely simple. The main thing is to choose the right device for each individual case, especially for industrial devices.

From the video in this article, you can gather some additional information on this topic.

In rooms where a lot of steam, fat and combustion by-products are thrown into the air mass (and this is most often a kitchen), it is necessary to clean the air in a timely manner. In order to completely absorb harmful vapors that pollute the air mass, exhaust hoods are installed over the sources of unpleasant emissions.
These devices perform the function of timely air purification in catering establishments, in kitchens, canteens, restaurants and supermarkets, in the premises of chemical plants

Internal organization

An exhaust hood is a hood-shaped metal box that is connected through an air duct to a ventilation system. But its functionality is significantly increased if its design includes a grease filter that cleans the air mass from oily contaminants and fatty impurities. Most often, an exhaust hood is sold without a fan. Models with a spark arresting grate, designed for installation above an open flame, have positive responses.

An exhaust hood removes heated exhaust air and contamination from the room, but does not provide enough fresh air mass. Therefore, it is recommended to install the structure only where the inflow of fresh air enters, regardless of the device. It is necessary to correctly calculate so that the volumes of extracted and supplied air are the same, only then comfortable conditions will be provided in the room.

There are also supply and exhaust hoods on sale, which not only remove exhaust air, but also inject new air. Hot air has a low density and rises to the top, and cold air mass comes to replace it.

The material from which these devices are made is stainless food steel, therefore, when hot air enters the inner walls of the case, oxidation does not occur. Benefits of stainless steel:

resistance to corrosive processes;
durability;
fire resistance;
ease of care;
resistance to moisture and steam.

The body seams are treated with argon welding, therefore they are characterized by increased strength. The main element of the metal structure is the grease trap.

An exhaust hood for an air duct consists of two parts:

The principle of operation is simple. Air mass with particles of grease, soot and soot enters the filter device. Here, the air hits the internal filter bridges with force and is cleaned (upon impact, the by-products of combustion and the air mass itself breaks up into parts).

After purifying the air, fatty compounds in liquid form slowly settle and move through the drain channel to the receiving tank, which is located in the lower part of the device. After completion of the work, this container is emptied and thoroughly washed with an anti-grease agent. So that next time the glass is washed faster, 4-5 drops of detergent are poured into it in advance. Filters and reservoir plugs are removable for ease of use and can be easily removed, cleaned and re-installed.

Exhaust hood classification

Depending on the scope of application, exhaust hoods are divided into two types:

household.

These are two separate concepts, but the difference between their internal structure is small. Industrial hoods in comparison with household appliances have the following features:

large dimensions;
high fan performance;
using other types of grease filters.

In household models, the dimensions are adjusted to the dimensions of gas and electric stoves used in houses and apartments. True, there is practically no difference between an exhaust device working in the kitchen of a huge country house and an industrial model.

Depending on the location, exhaust hoods are:

Wall-mounted - simple devices that are attached directly to the supporting wall above the heating appliances. Filters inside such models are located in one line.
Island - these structures are attached directly to the ceiling with studs or chains above the equipment in the middle of the room. Such models have two rows of filtering devices.

There are also outdoor models for barbecues and barbecues, which represent an empty dome inside without additional elements.

They trap smoke, heated air and grease. The principle of their work differs from the devices, they function thanks to the umbrella-transitions, which are shaped like a cone. It is more difficult to carry out preliminary calculations for their competent installation, but they can be safely used over an open flame. But devices used indoors are more often equipped with a fan, and purifiers, and a grate. There are also complex designs called an exhaust hood table, but they are not used in everyday life and at food enterprises, as they are intended for chemical laboratories.

Features of exhaust hoods

Exhaust hoods for the kitchen are used everywhere, as these devices are easy to maintain and operate. The main thing is not to forget to promptly clean the storage tank from oily contamination. Compliance with the rules of use and safety measures when working with such equipment will not be difficult.

Stainless steel exhaust hoods are manufactured in strict accordance with the current standards and regulations for the production of food technology. Manufacturing hoods from quality materials is the key to their successful and safe operation in the future. Therefore, the use of this ventilation equipment is safe both for people in the room and for the atmosphere. No harmful substances are emitted during operation.

The choice of exhaust equipment is wide. On sale there are kitchen hoods of any color, configuration and size.

The device is selected in accordance with the style of the interior

If the presented models do not correspond to the client's requests, manufacturing of ventilation umbrellas is also possible to order. Many companies offer the opportunity to arrange an individual production of ventilation structures to order according to the developed drawings.

It is important to correctly select a device with the required performance. If the device does not cope well with its functions, then there is no point in installing it at all. If the device works to its maximum, then it will fail faster, and the cost of electricity will be significant. Power is the most important characteristic of a device. For high-quality air purification in an ordinary kitchen, a device with a capacity of 500-650 m3 / h is quite enough. For catering enterprises, industrial devices with a capacity of up to 1800-1900 m3 / h are suitable.

Since at many enterprises there is a problem of the settling of oily impurities on the surfaces of devices, hoods with grease filters are deservedly popular. An exhaust hood with a grease trap works according to the following principle: contaminated air mass enters inside by self-propelled gun or with the help of a fan, where the fat settles and drains from the tank, while clean air enters the air duct. Grease filters are different:

cassette,

from paper.

The control system can be different: push-button, electronic, touch. Button control is understandable for people of all ages, but it causes a lot of inconvenience when cleaning (dust, dirt and grease collect near the buttons, which is difficult to wash). Touchpads are more practical, but not as easy to understand for older people. It is easy to care for the electronic panel: it is enough to regularly wipe its surface with a soft sponge.

Installation of exhaust hoods

There are traditional ways to install ventilation hoods:

Using anchors. This method is considered the easiest. But the main condition is that the wall must be load-bearing, even and solid (masonry or brickwork). Based on the length of the device, the number of holes is calculated (2 or 3). Carefully and symmetrically place drilling marks on the rear vertical wall of the umbrella. Holes are drilled through which the umbrella is attracted to the wall using anchors. If the overhang is more than 100 cm long, then the device is additionally attached to the ceiling.
With studs. On the four edges of the apparatus, 4 holes are drilled at the top (ears for studs are welded). The studs are pre-fixed to the ceiling. Everything is simple, but one condition must be observed - the height of the room should not exceed 4.3 meters.
On ropes and chains. This way you can fix the hood at any height. 4 brackets are welded in the upper plane of the device. Ropes or chains are fixed to the ceiling and secured to the apparatus through a carabiner. The only drawback of this design is instability, this creates additional inconveniences when tying with air ducts.
Special support frames. Depending on the size of the umbrella, a support frame is made of a stainless steel profile with four legs, which are securely attached to the floor through plates. The device is installed on it. The design can be rectangular or square, the height is set individually. Such designs look presentable and neat. Therefore, in rooms with high ceilings and with equipment located in the middle, this option is the most optimal.

Exhaust hoods are attached not only over stoves and hobs, but also over other heat-generating appliances (grill, oven or deep fryer)

When choosing exhaust hoods, take into account the dimensions of the stove or hob over which the device will be mounted.

The device (exhaust hood above the stove) should be at least 10-15 cm wider than the stove. The mounting height above the equipment is 0.7 to 1.1 m.

The location of the hood in the kitchen is determined by the location of the stove. If the equipment is located near a wall, then it is advisable to install the exhaust device on the same surface.

It is not difficult to install an exhaust umbrella with your own hands for a person who is at least a little versed in construction, repair and tools. During installation, you need to follow the following instructions:

Determine the location of the exhaust hood on the wall, taking into account all dimensions: 10 cm wider than the slab and 70-75 cm higher.
Cover the kitchen unit with foil or paper to facilitate cleaning after work is completed.
Take a circular saw and cut an opening in the ceiling of the required size for the duct.
With a long drill in the center of the resulting opening, drill a hole (1 cm) - this will be the center of the duct.
Draw a circle on the outside of the roof with a chalk or felt-tip pen, starting from the drilled hole.
Carefully saw through the roof covering and bottom sheathing.
Place the fan for the exhaust hood in the hole sawn in the roof.
Fasten the branch pipe and flange, fill the formed voids at the joint with sealant.
At the bottom, fix the branch pipe with the ventilation channel.
Plug the fan motor into a power outlet and lead the cable inside to the kitchen through the ceiling.
Take a flexible duct and connect it to the branch pipe. Check all connections for tightness, wrap them in foil for tightness.
Fix the brackets to the wall with screws and hang the umbrella on them.
Connect the fan cable to the socket.

It is easy to install a household hood for the hood, and it is better to entrust the installation of dimensional models to the employees of a reliable company. The easiest way is to install an exhaust hood for a kitchen without a fan. The main thing is to adjust the umbrella closer to the chimney pipe or the air duct, then the polluted air will be easily removed outside.

WATCH THE VIDEO

There are several traditional ways installation of wall and island ventilation hoods, which are designed to remove heat, smoke, moisture, odors from technological equipment installed in catering establishments, cafes, bars and restaurants.

The first method of installing an exhaust hood

The first way (the easiest one) is installation of exhaust hoods to the wall using anchors... Depending on the length of the hood, two or three holes are drilled symmetrically in the rear vertical wall of the hood. Through the enlarged washers with anchors, the exhaust hood is attracted and fixed to the wall. The wall in this case must be solid and even, at least brickwork. If the umbrella has a long overhang (more than 1000 mm), it is recommended to additionally fasten the umbrella to the ceiling.

Second installation method

The second way is editing wall or island exhaust hoods through pins and collets to the ceiling... In the upper horizontal plane, along the edges of the exhaust hood, four holes are drilled or special ears are welded under the pins, which include four pins Ф8 - Ф10 mm, pre-fixed in the ceiling. The method is quite simple and effective. The only inconvenience of this method is that the ceiling height should not exceed 4350 mm, since the increased height will not allow the use of standard studs up to 2 meters long.

Installation of hoods on ropes or chains

The third way is installation of exhaust hoods on ropes or chains, through brackets and anchors to the ceiling. In the upper horizontal plane of the umbrella, four special fastening brackets are welded into which a cable or chain is fixed through a carabiner, the other end of the chain is fixed to the ceiling. In this case, the height of the ceilings is not very important. The main possible problem when installing exhaust hoods in this way is associated with the instability of the structure. It is rather difficult to tie a rigidly unfixed structure with air ducts.

Installation of an exhaust hood with special support frames

The fourth way is installation of exhaust hoods using special support frames. Depending on the overall dimensions of the lower section of the exhaust hood, a support frame is made on which the exhaust hood is installed on top. It can be rectangular or square on four legs, the height of which is selected individually for each object. The legs are rigidly attached to the floor through special support plates. Support frames are made of stainless steel profile 30x30 or 20x40 mm. Thanks to the proven technology, the use of modern metal-working and metal-cutting tools, the specialists of the EuroVentGroup company achieve the ideal geometry and very presentable appearance of the exhaust hoods produced by the company and the supporting structures necessary for the installation of these exhaust hoods. In such cases, where the technological equipment is located far from the walls, the height of the ceilings is quite high, and the customer makes increased aesthetic requirements for the arrangement of local exhaust ventilation, the use of exhaust hoods complete with supporting frames from the EuroVentGroup company remains the only correct solution.

It should be noted that the hoods of ventilation systems have a completely simple design. The rectangular chimney umbrella consists of a main body, a grease collecting tray and filters that carry out. Filters are always installed at exactly 45 degrees Celsius.

If we are talking about supply and exhaust hoods, then in this case it is imperative to use a grill or a device such as a diffuser.

In some cases, duct umbrellas are equipped with additional elements, such as connection ears, fans, lamps and many others.

1 Principle of operation of the ventilation hood

This device works as follows. The air that lends itself to the processing process, as a result of which it becomes hot, has a much lower density, and therefore rises to the top, and it is replaced by cold air currents.

Then the air enters the pipe and passes through special grease filters, where it is saturated with a large amount of oil vapor, due to which it begins to cool over time.

Ultimately, passing through such a pipe due to strong temperature changes, the oil condenses, air flows begin to separate from it and allow the fat to drain into the bath through special channels.

In turn, the air, which after such a process is purified, enters the round or.

2 Device classification

Today two types of rectangular umbrellas are used for the chimney:

Exhaust hoods ... Their main purpose is the complete elimination of unnecessary gases, substances, combustion products from the chimney. Strongly heated air currents are drawn in by the umbrella, after which they are transported through a pipe, where grease filters are located, and ultimately are forwarded back to the air duct, with which they are removed from the building. All this can be easily done by hand.
Supply and exhaust hoods ... Thanks to them, both the exhaust of polluted air and the flow of new, clean air into the room are provided. These umbrellas are best used in those rooms where, due to certain circumstances, the flow of clean air is limited. It is always necessary to carry out the calculation taking into account the fact that the volumes of the supplied and extracted air flows will always differ from each other. Therefore, in no case should you count on the fact that exhaust hoods will contribute to the complete destruction of odors, gases and other substances. Although the chimney, of course, will work much more efficiently.

There is also a classification by type of construction. So, exhaust and supply and exhaust rectangular and round umbrellas are divided into island and wall.

2.1 DIY installation and calculation features

I would like to note that installing such umbrellas with your own hands is quite real, since in fact there is nothing complicated in such work. Below are some of the most popular ways to install a chimney umbrella.

Method number 1. Installation of wall-mounted hoods using anchors. After a certain calculation, the length of the umbrella is selected and 2 or 3 equal holes are drilled in the back of the wall. Using enlarged models of washers, the hood is first attracted and then mounted on the wall. It is very important that the wall is perfectly flat.
Do-it-yourself installation of rectangular umbrellas through collets and hairpins to the ceiling. At the very beginning, it is necessary to drill 4 identical holes under the studs. All these holes are drilled strictly along the edges of the umbrella, after which the device is attached directly to the ceiling. A modern chimney works perfectly if this option is used. The only drawback is that the calculation of the ceiling height to the standard length of the hairpin does not allow the use of this technology if the height of the room is more than 4 meters.
Installation of chimney hoods using various cables and chains through anchors and brackets to the ceiling. In order to do everything with your own hands, you need to weld 4 brackets of the necessary parameters to the upper horizontal part of the umbrella, after which, using a carabiner, securely fix the chain or cable. The other end of such a chain or cable must also be securely connected to the ceiling. Among the disadvantages of this method, one can note the instability of the structure, therefore, tying it with air ducts is not at all easy, but such a scheme is perfect for a chimney.

As you can see, it is not at all difficult to carry out the installation with your own hands. The main thing is to adjust the umbrella as close as possible to the chimney pipe and take into account some of the nuances.

Application area

Supply, exhaust and exhaust hoods of ventilation systems are widely used today by industrial enterprises and not only. Such systems are widely used in catering establishments such as restaurants, canteens, bars, food factories, cafes, and so on.

Also, the installation of umbrellas is carried out over all sorts of devices of thermal equipment, in particular, this applies to deep fryers, gas stoves, ovens. If the calculation carried out allows you to install such umbrellas, then they are also used in different industrial premises - food, pharmacological, physical, chemical.

2.2 It looks like a rectangular ventilation umbrella - video

The root of the building troubles lies in the little things. By neglecting small details, a private home owner ineffectively inflates the family budget with renovation costs. But if the owner treats the house as a whole organism, in which everything is interconnected, his money does not go down the drain, and the costs are limited to scheduled maintenance. Incorrect installation of safety devices on the chimney provokes losses - both financial and human.

Installing an umbrella on the chimney helps to maintain the heating system in optimal mode, prevent premature aging of the chimney, and improve air circulation in the house.

Pipe caps and caps are designed for the following purposes:

close the ventilation duct, protecting it from rain, snow and dirt. Lack of protection can lead to the accumulation of a large amount of water in the chimney, which contributes to a decrease in draft and, accordingly, a drop in the efficiency of the heating system;
protect the pipe material from damage by draining the accumulated condensate due to the presence of special grooves;
do not allow insects and birds to fall into the pipe, serve as an obstacle for leaves and branches from trees;
perform a decorative function. They give the roof a complete look, especially if the structure contains elements of artistic forging.

Note! With the help of an umbrella, you can solve one of the problems of dampness in the house or bath. If the chimney is open to all winds and rains, moisture that gets into it penetrates into the premises. As a result, the walls and floors are affected by fungus, an unpleasant odor appears in the air.

Some types of hoods are designed to create a rarefied environment in the upper part of the pipe. Due to this, an improvement in the draft in the chimney is achieved, excess moisture, exhaust air and combustion products are removed faster.