Exterior decoration of a frame house: what options exist. How to make interior decoration in a frame house How to sheathe the interior walls of a frame house

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Project J-206-1S

Technology 27-12-2010, 17:07

Interior decoration

TO interior decoration it is necessary to proceed after the completion of general construction work, laying of internal engineering networks and their verification, installation of insulation and its vapor barrier. Ultimately, high-quality interior decoration, together with exterior decoration, determines the appearance of the house, the comfort of living in it, and a healthy climate.

An important role, especially for builders, is played by the achievement of high labor productivity in interior decoration. When using wood frame and drywall technology for interior wall and ceiling cladding, high quality finishes are easily achieved, as well as high speed work.

In this section, we will consider the installation of drywall interior cladding, its preparation for fine interior finishing of ceilings and walls in various rooms, as well as installation rules inside apartment stairs.

Other sheet materials can also be used for cladding, but currently the most environmentally friendly, affordable and cheapest material is drywall. It is produced in our country in sufficient quantities and has been used in construction for many decades. In addition, drywall is a difficult-to-combust material, which is important for the fire safety of a residential building.

When using wood frame technology, the sequence of work for interior decoration will be as follows:

ceiling lining;

wall covering;

preparation of facing for final finishing;

final finishing of ceilings and walls (painting or applying wallpaper);

clean floor installation.

Separately, work is carried out on the installation of internal stairs and internal doors. The position of these works in the sequence of interior decoration depends on the method of their manufacture and installation.

MAIN PROVISIONS IN DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION.

1. The frame parts must provide, when installing the inner lining on them, a flat surface of the walls and ceiling.

2. In some cases, to reduce the required distance between the supports of the sheets, it is possible to install additional support rails across the racks or beams of the frame. They can also be used to align the front faces of the frame elements. The dimensions of the rails that can be used for supports are given in the table.

3. Plasterboard sheets are a gypsum core, all planes of which, except for the end edges, are lined during manufacture with cardboard, the adhesion of which to the core is ensured by the use of adhesives. According to the shape of the cross-section of the longitudinal edges (hereinafter we will call them working edges), sheets are produced in two types: UK - with edges thinned on the front side and PC - with straight edges. To achieve good quality interior finishes in residential premises, it is better to use UK sheets. For bathrooms and toilets, waterproof drywall sheets must be used. Along with ordinary plasterboard sheets, special fire-resistant sheets are produced, which must be used in rooms with an increased fire hazard (a room for placing heaters, a garage, etc.). The minimum thickness of drywall that supports the insulation (on the attic floor and external walls) is 12.7mm.

4. Drywall sheets can be placed lengthwise, across or along the frame or support rails. The end edges of the sheets must be supported by their edges on the frame or support rails. The working edges (having a bevel and glued with cardboard) can be placed across the frame, observing the norms specified in the table. In any case, it is necessary to strive to arrange the sheets so that on the surface to be coated they are connected to each other by working edges. At the intersection of the walls with the ceiling, and the walls between themselves, the sheets can be connected by any edges. Between the lower edge of the sheet and the black surface there should be a gap of 20 - 30 mm, covered with a plinth.

5. Galvanized nails with a wide head, countersunk screws or self-tapping screws can be used to fasten the sheets to the frame. It is better if the nails have a “ruff” type notch on the leg. Nails and screws should be located no closer than 10 mm from the edge of the sheet. The distance between hammered nails on the surface should be no more than 180 mm, on the walls no more than 200 mm. Nails can be driven in pairs, in a pair the distance is not more than 50 mm, between pairs of nails on the ceiling and walls is not more than 300 mm. Nails must be hammered in at a slight angle relative to each other. Drywall sheets on the ceiling can be supported along the perimeter of the walls by drywall sheets nailed to the walls. At the same time, sheets nailed to the walls must be fastened no further than 200 mm from the ceiling surface. If screws are used for fastening, the distance between them can be no more than 300 mm for the ceiling. On the walls, the screws should be spaced at least 400 mm apart, where the studs of the frame are located at a distance of no more than 400 mm. If the distance between wall studs is more than 400mm, the distance between screws should not be more than 300mm. Heads of nails, after driving them, and screws should not protrude above the surface of the sheet, while a complete breakthrough of the paper layer of the drywall sheet is not allowed.

6. The seams between the fixed sheets are sealed with three layers of putty. On the first layer, immediately after its application, it is necessary to glue a paper strip or "sickle". To achieve a good quality finish, the following conditions must be met: the temperature in the room where the finish is made is at least 10 degrees C and the holding time after each layer is at least 48 hours. Each layer must be sanded after drying. In addition to the seams, it is necessary to putty places where nails or screws are hammered.

7. To cover the frame of premises with high humidity, it is necessary to use a special waterproof drywall. In addition, the walls adjacent to the shower and bath should be covered with a water-repellent coating. Currently, the best water-repellent coating is ceramic tile. With reliable sealing of the seams, it can be glued, with a waterproof adhesive, directly onto drywall. The height of the water-repellent surface in the shower, from the stand is not less than 1.8 m, from the edge of the bathtub is not less than 1.2 m.

8. The final finish of the floor must be smooth, clean and wrinkle-free. In rooms where water can get on the floor, it is necessary to use waterproof materials for finishing the floor (ceramics, linoleum, concrete screed, etc.). In the bathroom, laundry room and other areas or places where plumbing fixtures are installed, it is necessary to lay a waterproofing layer under the final floor finish. The concrete screed must be 19 to 38 mm thick and the wooden parts of the frame adjacent to it must be waterproofed.9. If, when assembling the floor frame, a coating of non-groove boards or sheet material (plywood, etc.) was used without supporting all the edges on the frame elements, then, before installing a finishing floor covering of linoleum, tiles, parquet, carpet, it is necessary on black install additional paneling on the floor. For this, plywood, chipboard and fiberboard can be used. The thickness of the panel covering must be at least 6 mm. Sheets of this additional coating are punched along the edge through a distance of at least 150 mm, and on the sheet area itself along the grid, where the side of each square is at least 200 mm. The nails used for this, whether screw or knurled, must be at least 19 mm long for resurfacing panels 6 to 7.9 mm thick, and 22 mm for thicker panels. Joints of sheets of additional coating and subfloor panels must be at least 200 mm apart.

10. When using long wooden tongue-and-groove boards for finishing the floor, in any case, there is no need to install additional panels if the boards are placed across the beams of the floor frame. Outside the residential part of the house, for example, on a veranda or porch, it is possible to install a finishing coating directly on the frame of floor beams, while using non-grooved boards. The required sizes of boards for finishing the floor, and nails for their installation are given in the table.

11. When installing ceramic tiles, the base must be made, as shown in the figure:

PRACTICAL ADVICE FOR DESIGN

1. For interior decoration, it is necessary to select environmentally friendly building materials.

2. When designing interior decoration, it may make sense to move away from many traditional elements of the interior space of the house. For example, when using an efficient air heating system and window units with high resistance to heat transfer, it is possible to abandon the window sill in the traditional sense. The absence of this bulky design will save money, time for work and a modern interior. It is also possible to refuse platbands of windows and doors.

3. In bathrooms and toilets, it is necessary to provide for good waterproofing of the wooden parts of the frame of the house.

4. When designing the height of ceilings in rooms, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the wall sheathing panels, while achieving the minimum number of their scraps that cannot be used.

5. The thickness of drywall for wall and ceiling sheathing should correspond to the distance between the frame posts and the floor beams (see table B).

PRACTICAL ADVICE FOR INTERIOR FINISHING.

1. Before installing the insulation on the ceiling, it is necessary to install supports for fixing drywall to the ceiling. It is allowed not to fasten the edges of the sheathing sheets along the perimeter of the walls, while the drywall sheets installed on the ceiling must rest on the sheathing sheets installed on the wall. In practice, it is difficult to cut the sheets in such a way that they adjoin it everywhere along the perimeter of the wall without gaps. I believe that it is better to install supports where they are not and fix the sheathing around the perimeter of the ceiling, and if a gap forms between the wall and the ceiling, then it can be easily puttied.

2. If the frame of the walls and ceilings are assembled in accordance and the deflection of the boards satisfies the requirements, then the correct installation of the inner sheathing sheets will not cause any difficulties. All defects found in the frame must be corrected. If the distance between the racks or beams of the frame floors is greater than required for a given thickness of plasterboard panels, then it is necessary to install slats across the frame according to the data in Table A.3. It is best to cut the sheets to the required dimensions when they are leaning against the wall in a stack. You can perform this operation with a knife, making a cut along the chalk line, beaten off on the front surface of the sheet. The size of the workpiece should be 5 - 10 mm less than the required finishing size of the wall or ceiling plane covered by the sheet. The sheet is pressed against the plane and, with the help of nails or screws, is attached to the frame elements. The sheet must be fastened from the center of the sheet to its edges. If sheets are fastened with screws, then an electric screwdriver is required for work. Table C gives the size of the screws or nails in the wooden parts of the frame.

4. Drywall sheets should be installed so that small sheet inserts are not used over window and door openings. The joint of the sheets should be above the opening, but not on the frame posts that form the opening.

6. For some partitions and ceilings, it is necessary to install a double layer of drywall (for example, fireproof partitions).7. Drywall joints must be patched as described (see above). Internal corners must be glued with a “sickle” or paper tape without fail. At the outer corners, a metal mesh corner is installed, which is puttied in at least two layers, the first with a width of at least 75 mm, the second - 100 mm.8. Ceiling sheathing on the attic floor can be installed directly on the elements of the trusses and the truss system, which can be slightly deformed under the action of snow load on the roof. For proper fastening of the sheathing, it is necessary to install additional spacers between trusses or floor beams. The sheets are fastened so that they do not break when the floor beams are deformed.

STAIRS INSIDE THE HOUSE. An important communication element of an individual house, which has two or three levels, is the internal staircase. Depending on the number of marches, stairs can be one-, two- and three-flight. Intermediate platforms are usually arranged when the flights of stairs turn. According to the standards, the width of the flight of stairs must be at least 900 mm. When installing a single flight of stairs between two walls, its width must be at least 1100 mm. The number of steps in the flight of stairs must be at least three, since the ascent or descent, consisting of one or two steps, is poorly perceived visually and unsafe. When choosing the height and width of the steps, the following rule should be followed. The sum of the tread and rise (width and height) of the steps must be within 450 mm. So, for a staircase with a maximum allowable slope of 1: 1.25 (not steeper than 40 degrees), the height of the step will be 200 mm, and the width will be 250 mm. The width of the step can be increased due to the overlap of the tread by at least 25 mm. The width of the winder steps in the middle must be at least the width of the march steps, and at the narrow end of the step - at least 80 mm. The height between the platforms should be no more than 3.7m. The opening in the ceiling must provide a vertical distance from the nearest ceiling element to the stairs of at least 1.95 mm.

In an individual house built using a wooden frame, it is better if the internal stairs are assembled from wooden parts. The stringers (strings) serve as a support for the steps. If they are attached to the wall or reinforced with additional overlays, then boards for them can be taken with a thickness of 25 mm, in all other cases their thickness should be 38 mm. must be less than 90 mm. The steps must be made of boards with a thickness of at least 25 mm, if risers are installed under them and at least 38 mm without them, while the maximum distance between the stringers, additionally without step reinforcement, should not exceed 750 mm.

Using a square, it is easy to mark the string for the stairs, having previously calculated the height and width of the steps.

The interior decoration of any private dwelling is of great importance for the comfort of its inhabitants. It is especially important for frame houses, which have recently become more and more popular in our country.

Interior decoration - rules and features

To give all the premises of a frame residential building a cozy and residential look allows high-quality interior decoration. This operation is usually performed in two steps. First, the rough work is done. They are a set of measures aimed at competent preparation of ceiling, floor and wall surfaces. In practice, this means that it is required to level all these bases, free them from old coatings, install window slopes and floor screed. After rough work, they proceed to the finishing sheathing using the selected materials.

The interior decoration of a previously operated or just built frame house should be carried out taking into account the following recommendations:

1. Repairs should start from the farthest (in relation to the entrance to the dwelling) premises.
2. It is undesirable to carry out finishing at once in all rooms. It is better to act sequentially - sheathe one room, then the second, and so on.
3. It is necessary to finish the premises only after laying new or replacing old engineering networks (electrical wiring, sewer pipes, water supply, ventilation).
4. Separate areas of the room, in which finishing will not be carried out, must be protected from construction debris and possible pollution. Just cover all surfaces with a thick polyethylene film.
5. Finishing is almost always done from top to bottom. First of all, sheathe the ceiling. Then move on to the walls and floor. This scheme is not applicable in cases where it is planned to install a stretch ceiling. It is installed last.

It also makes sense to plan all the work in advance and stock up on the required amount of necessary materials. Then the interior decoration of any frame house, done by hand, will take place without any force majeure situations. When using modern sheathing materials, a dwelling with an area of 55-70 square meters is completely finished in 45-60 days. Invited builders carry out such work faster. But why pay the masters, if it is quite possible to perform all the activities on your own?

Sheathing materials - what to choose?

Finishing frame buildings from the inside is done in different ways. The choice of specific cladding materials is determined solely by the individual preferences of the owner of the home and the budget allocated for repairs. most often carried out using OSB-plates or drywall sheets. Such products reliably hide any flaws in the walls and ceiling, make it possible to prepare surfaces for the implementation of complex configuration design solutions. And most importantly - drywall and OSB are easy to install with your own hands.

The following materials are usually used for finishing:

Facing ceramic tiles. In stores for construction, it is easy to pick up a tile with any texture. Ceramics is highly decorative and wear resistant. But here you need to remember that such products are mounted on perfectly aligned bases. Walls with bends, height differences and other defects are best finished with other materials.
Wallpaper. For pasting frame houses, you can use any of their varieties - vinyl, paper, non-woven, acrylic, fiberglass, liquid.
Lining - plastic or natural wood. Artificial products are easy to install, they are not afraid of microorganisms, insects, and are inexpensive. Plastic lining is easy to care for. But its noise and heat protection indicators are quite low. Lining made of natural wood is devoid of all the shortcomings of plastic materials. It gives the living quarters a real home comfort. True, its cost can bite. If budget interior lining is planned, it is better to use plastic lining.
Decorative plaster. Material with excellent mechanical and flame retardant characteristics. Such plaster looks great on the walls of a frame house. It applies without major problems.

If you want the interior cladding of residential premises to be original and at the same time as practical as possible, pay attention to the newest finishing materials - flexible stone and. The first of these has a unique flexibility and great appearance. Flexible stone is made in the form of decorative plates of different sizes and wallpapers. It is resistant to mechanical stress, environmentally friendly, easy to install. Magnesium glass sheets are made from a special mesh (fabric plus glass), wood shavings and chemical additives that give products high moisture and fire resistance.

When you decide what is the best way to sheathe a frame house inside, take a building level, spatula, tape measure, purchase the required fasteners and start repair work. We will talk about the rules for decorating a house with different materials further.

OSB boards and drywall - flawless rough finish

Plasterboard sheets (GKL) are ideal for leveling walls in new frame houses. Their installation is carried out on a frame of metal profiles according to the following scheme:

1. Do, install UD profiles (they are called starting ones) along the line marked on the surface and the rest of the skeleton elements.
2. Lay electrical wiring in flexible corrugated pipes or plastic boxes.
3. Fill the free space between profiles and sheets with heat-insulating material.
4. GKL attach to the frame (it is advisable to use self-tapping screws for metal).
5. The gaps between the individual sheets of drywall are treated with a spatula with putty.
6. With a fine grit sandpaper, give the surface a perfect appearance.
7. Wallpaper can be glued to the installed GKL, plastered, finished with other materials.

OSB-plates are mounted according to a similar principle. But in this case, it should be borne in mind that they have a large mass. Therefore, they are fastened to a wood frame using special spiral nails 5 cm long. These hardware are driven in every 0.15 m. If OSB products are mounted on the floor, they are laid perpendicular to the logs.

After installing the plates, they should be processed with sandpaper (fine grain) and applied alternately on the surface of three layers of varnish. Important point! Each layer must dry completely in natural conditions (you can not use hair dryers, electrical appliances to speed up drying). If the rough base is planned to be finished with decorative plaster or painted, a primer is used instead of varnish. It provides the required level of adhesion and protects the boards from moisture.

Floors in frame houses are recommended to be finished with wooden coverings. For these purposes, a special board or laminate is well suited. A more budget option is linoleum. Its price is affordable for everyone, and the functional characteristics are quite high. The disadvantage of linoleum is its non-environmental nature, due to the synthetic origin of the material. For this reason, in most cases it is laid in utility and non-residential rooms.

Floors in bathrooms and kitchens are often finished with ceramic tiles or porcelain stoneware. Such products are well resistant to moisture, a variety of chemical influences, easy to clean, and have a long service life. They are fixed to the floor with a special glue.

The walls in frame buildings are lined with clapboard. Plastic panels are attached without the slightest difficulty. Unfortunately, visually, such a finish looks unnatural and not always aesthetically pleasing. The use of wooden lining solves such problems. Especially if you purchase and install Extra grade products, on the surface of which there are not the slightest defects. However, in bedrooms, lining of categories A and B can be used. Small cracks, knots, chips, dark spots may be present on its surface, which cannot seriously spoil the beauty and elegance of natural sheathing. But lining grade C is suitable only for utility rooms. It has quite a few visible defects.

To reduce construction and repair costs, instead of natural wood panels, some home craftsmen use imitation timber for wall cladding. This material is very resistant to external influences, is considered environmentally friendly, does not lose its attractive appearance for many decades.

Wallpaper on the walls of a frame house is glued using standard technology. Nuance. If textured products intended for painting are used, after gluing they must be given 24 hours for a high-quality setting with OSB or GKL boards. Applying paint to the wallpaper in less than a day is prohibited.

And the last tip. In cases where you want to install in a frame house, carefully study the technology of its installation with your own hands. Better yet, seek professional help. To perform such a finish, special equipment is required, which a home craftsman may not have.

When the frame house is fully assembled, sheathed on the outside and equipped with all necessary communications, it remains only to complete the interior decoration of the building in order to get the finished look of the house. But at this stage, developers are often lost and do not know how to sheathe a frame house inside. After all, the variety of modern building materials often drives the master into a stupor. In our material, we will figure out what types of material are suitable for rough sheathing of a frame house from the inside, what materials are used for fine finishing, and what are the general principles for finishing work.

Requirements for interior decoration

Before deciding on the material for cladding the interior of a frame house, we understand that both the rough and final cladding of rooms are performed only after the final wiring of electrical communications and water supply. Otherwise, all work will be nullified. Under the rough finish of a frame house, they mean sheathing the frame of the walls with a material suitable for the subsequent unhindered application of decorative sheathing. Fine finishing is the final decorative design of the walls in accordance with the chosen interior design of the cottage. And in order for the work to proceed without a hitch, you should adhere to the basic rules:

Sheathing of walls with rough material is carried out from the back room of the house, moving towards the exit. In this case, the installation is carried out from the ceiling, along the walls and then the floor. Fine finishing is carried out in the same order in order to be able to close the already decorated room and prevent building dust from entering the surface of the finished walls and ceiling.
Window blocks and other parts of the premises that are not involved in the decoration should be covered with a protective film.
Before performing work, it is necessary to calculate the exact amount of wall material in order to avoid downtime in work later. In addition, it is recommended to buy materials with a margin of 10% in case of cutting, etc. There is a principle here - the more complex the wall cladding (configuration complexity), the more you can increase the margin percentage.

Materials for rough sheathing

In order to initially prepare the walls of a frame house for finishing, it is necessary to sheathe the frame of the walls with even panels. They will become the subsequent springboard for the manifestation of the creative potential of the owners. Most often, gypsum boards, OSB boards or lining are used for these purposes.

Gypsum board is a gypsum board with the addition of fiberglass. The result is a solid panel with a small thickness of 1-1.5 cm. Such panels are very convenient to use, although they have a relatively large weight for each plate. Drywall is very easy to work with. The material is cut without problems and does not crumble. And if necessary, you can even bend the panels, creating sloping corners or wall turns in the house. There are three types of drywall:

Moisture resistant (GKLV). Designed for cladding rooms with high humidity, such as a bath or kitchen. If you neglect this purpose of the panels and use ordinary drywall slabs, the fine finish of such rooms will float over time.
Refractory (GKLO). Designed for lining the fireplace portal and other objects in the house that are subject to direct fire.
Standard drywall. Designed for wall cladding of living rooms of a frame house.
Acoustic drywall. Acts as a sound insulator in the house. It can also be used as a rough finish for the walls of rooms.
Gypsum sheet. This panel is characterized by high wear resistance and strength. Drywall wall decoration is the most commonly used.

OSB boards

Or oriented strand board. Such a panel is made from wood chips and fibers glued into a slab using resins and adhesives. The result is a strong and impact-resistant material that can withstand high mechanical and load-bearing loads. OSB boards are classified as follows:

OSB-1. The panels are suitable for use in standard humidity conditions or in furniture production.
OSB-2. Such boards are used as a basis for fine finishing indoors, subject to standard humidity.
OSB-3. The panels are suitable for use in rooms with a high level of humidity.
OSB-4. Material suitable for external cladding of premises as a base for subsequent facade finishing.
There is also a lacquered OSB board, laminated and grooved. The latter has special grooves and ridges for easier assembly of the skin into a single structure.

Important: OSB-3 and OSB-4 can also be used as a subfloor. Their strength withstands significant mechanical loads.

When installing OSB boards, it is necessary to take into account such moments and subtleties of the work:

It is necessary to fasten the OSB panels to the frame only using spiral nails, the length of which is 5 cm;
The pitch of the nails along the frame should be 15 cm;
Between the OSB panels and the wall, it is necessary to leave technical gaps of 1-2 cm for the linear expansion of the plates under the influence of temperature changes;
If the plates are mounted on the floor, then they should be laid perpendicular to the lag;
On the walls, the panels after installation can be further processed with fine-grained emery and varnished in several layers;
If the panels were mounted for painting or plastering, then they must first be primed.

clapboard

This type of wood paneling can be used both as a draft and as a finishing wall paneling of a frame house inside. If the owners have a desire to complete the interior of the house in a colorful natural style, then it is appropriate to use a lining, which can be placed simply on the mounted frame on top of the insulation. That is, when sheathing the frame, we immediately get a fine finish of the premises.

The lining is thin long wooden panels with a groove and a comb for easier assembly of the coating into a single sheet. As a rule, lining is made from coniferous wood, such as spruce, pine, larch. More expensive types of lining can be made from cedar, teak and more valuable woods. The finishing of such a sheathing consists in varnishing the wood.

The advantages of such wall cladding of a frame house are as follows:

There is no need to perform wet work in the house;
The finished sheathing is able to breathe, which ensures optimal air exchange in the house;
The color and attractiveness of the material create a cozy atmosphere in the premises;
With proper care, a tree can last 30 years or more.

Important: for beautiful cladding of the premises of a frame house, it is better to use an Extra or A class lining. Such lamellas are devoid of visible wood defects. If it is planned to lining the clapboard only for auxiliary premises, such as a balcony or vestibule, then you can save money and purchase a class "B" or even "AB" clapboard. Here, on the lamellas, the presence of resin pockets, traces of knots, etc. is allowed.

Finishing materials

If you select a finishing sheathing material, then everything is as simple as possible. In accordance with the intended design, it is possible to apply the following coatings on even walls made of drywall or OSB boards.

Wallpaper

The most familiar finishing material. Moreover, if earlier only paper rolls of material were called wallpaper, today the market is full of their variety for every taste and color. So, wallpapers are:

Standard paper. Environmentally friendly material that provides breathing to the walls. At the same time, it is afraid of water, mechanical influences and sunlight.
Vinyl coverings. Wall-paper differs in the increased resistance to moisture and mechanical influences. With modern technologies for their production, vinyl wallpapers also provide breathing to the walls in the house.
Acrylic wallpaper. Resistant to moisture and mechanics, but not recommended for pasting a child's room or bedroom.
Non-woven fabrics. Due to the foamed structure, such coatings are more often used instead of plaster for painting.
Fiberglass coatings. They are also used for painting and are distinguished by increased durability.

Wall plastering

An acceptable option for finishing the interior of a frame house. Especially when you consider that decorative paint can be repeatedly applied to the plaster, which will allow you to change the interior of the rooms.

The only disadvantage of plastering walls is the lengthy process of "wet" finishing work. That is, the final decoration of the premises can take 1-2 months, subject to such a finish in all rooms of the cottage.

Ceramic tile

Such material is ideal for the kitchen, bathroom and the territory adjacent to the fireplace. In addition, tiles (porcelain stoneware) can be successfully laid on the floor. The strength of the material is beyond doubt. A wide range of colors and design solutions allow you to embody the most daring ideas in the house. The tile is mounted both on a drywall base with a special glue, and on an OSB panel.

Plastic lining

Another finishing option for "wet" rooms. This cladding looks good in the kitchen, bathroom. The material is easy to install and maintain. And with a large variety of panel colors, you can create a bright or unusual interior design on a budget.

The PVC lining is attached in the same way as the wooden one. At the same time, such sheathing will serve as additional thermal insulation of the walls due to its cellular structure.

Important: if you do not know how to sheathe the internal volume of the house with the chosen material correctly, then it is better to invite professionals to do the work. Specialists competently use the material, ensuring the durability of the interior decoration of the frame house.

It would seem that the house has been built. However, it is not suitable for housing, as it still resembles an empty box. In order to give the room a residential and cozy look, it needs further finishing, both external and internal. By itself, the interior decoration of a frame house is divided into two stages: rough work and final fine finishing. Each of the stages is important in its own way and we will tell about them in more detail.

What is meant by interior decoration?

The interior decoration of the house allows you to give the room not only a complete look, but also to bring the repair or construction to its logical end. Actions vary depending on the task at hand. For example, if repairs were carried out inside an already built room, then it is not necessary to carry out rough finishing work.

There are several rules that you should rely on if you want to do the interior decoration of the house with your own hands:

decoration of the premises is carried out progressively, as it passes. It is not recommended to start finishing work in all rooms at once,
if there are several rooms, then the repair first begins in the room farthest from the front door,
all finishing work is carried out after new communications have been replaced or laid, such as cable channels, water pipes and electrical cables,
repairs are carried out "from top to bottom": first, work is carried out with the ceiling, then the interior walls of the house are finished. Next comes the turn of the floor. An exception is the case when stretch ceilings are used in a frame house. In this case, the ceiling is fixed last,
all areas of the room that are not involved in the decoration - it would be advisable to cover with a dense plastic film to protect surfaces from pollution and construction debris.

The speed of finishing, as a rule, is also influenced by several factors:

the complexity of finishing the room,
timely delivery of materials,
budget,
force majeure circumstances.

On average, the interior decoration of a small house with an area of 40 m2 can take a month, an area of 60 m2 already 1.5-2 months, and a complex finish of a multi-storey building will require 3 months of work. For the most part, the terms of work depend on the qualifications of the invited construction team. Many firms offer projects of frame houses already on a turnkey basis, while all work, from preparing the foundation to handing over the keys to the owners, takes no more than two months. If you want to carry out the finishing with your own hands, it must be borne in mind that without the proper amount of free time, repairs can drag on for years. No wonder it is said that "repair does not end, it is suspended."

The rough finish of the house includes measures to prepare the surface of the walls, floor and ceiling for finishing work. Such measures include the removal of old or low-quality coatings, the preparation and leveling of surfaces, floor screed and the installation of slopes on windows.

Fine finishing is the finishing stages of finishing work, when the walls and ceiling are painted or wallpapered, or finished with facing materials.

The use of lining made of natural wood will have a positive effect not only on the aesthetics of the interior, but also on the microclimate reigning inside the room. Moreover, the combination of cedar and linden wood will reduce the frequency of headaches. Properly selected finishing materials will allow you to change the interior beyond recognition in the shortest possible time.

What materials are used?

The modern material market offers many different solutions for every taste. In fact, it all depends on the allocated budget and personal preferences. For rough finishes, sheets of drywall and OSB are more often used. Their advantage is that the flat surface of the sheet allows you to hide the imperfections of the walls, such as:

curved or unfinished wall surface,
the need to install an internal partition,
implementation of complex design compositions,

These materials will allow in a short time to make sheathing of internal walls and prepare them for further finishing work. The following materials are used for finishing:

Wallpaper. The following varieties are on the market:
- traditional paper. They are distinguished by a low price, but at the same time they are often aesthetically unattractive, do not differ in resistance to moisture and cold, and at the same time are short-lived. Well suited for pasting the walls of non-residential premises, or as a temporary solution,
- vinyl varieties are characterized by increased strength and resistance to mechanical damage,
- acrylic wallpapers are good for their moisture resistance and durability,
- non-woven vinyl foam wallpaper is more often used as a basis for applying decorative paint,
- fiberglass wallpapers are characterized by high fire safety and mechanical strength. At the same time, they are suitable for painting walls,
- murals are remarkable in that they allow you to recreate a kind of “living” corner inside the house.

Ceramic tiles for facing. It is good because it is distinguished by high wear resistance and a high degree of decorativeness. It requires a perfectly flat surface. It is advisable to mount it on drywall, or on a carefully leveled wall surface. The tile is good because there are many textured varieties on the market that perfectly imitate various surfaces: from brick to natural stone.

Lining made of natural wood will bring the room a natural look and home comfort. In addition, wood has high heat and sound insulation characteristics. Experts divide the types of lining into categories according to the quality of the final product:
- grade "Extra" denotes a product of high quality, without defects on the surface,
- grade "A" allows the presence of small dark spots and chips in the lamellas,
- grade "B" means that there are several knots and cracks on one lamella,
- Grade “C” is notable for its low price, while wood lamellas often have surface defects such as cracks, knots, tar bags and blackout spots.

On the other hand, when creating a vintage environment, such lamellas will give the room a more fine antique look.

Plastic lining differs in the low price and simplicity in installation. Plastic or PVC are not affected by biological activities, but at the same time they are not able to bring real comfort into the room. The artificiality of the material is immediately noticeable to the eye. Their heat and sound insulation characteristics are inferior to similar models made of natural wood, but at the same time, the advantages of PVC for decoration made it possible to ensure such popularity of the material.

Liquid wallpaper is a dry mixture of a binder and cotton or cellulose fibers. This kind of wallpaper is successful in that it allows you to hide the defects of the surface on which it was applied. In addition, due to its texture, liquid wallpaper is valuable for its decorative effect.

Decorative plaster is known for its refractory and mechanical properties. At the same time, it is easy to apply, and the final cost is not high.

Magnesium glass sheets are a fairly new material. It consists of wood shavings, fiberglass mesh and chemical additives. Such a material has fire resistance and moisture resistance, while providing good adhesion to almost any applied material.

Flexible stone combines all the advantages of natural stone, but at the same time it has plasticity and flexibility. Such material is produced in the form of wallpaper and decorative plates. It is distinguished by ease of installation and wear resistance, along with high rates of environmental friendliness and resistance to external factors.

Where does the interior decoration of a frame house begin?

Any work begins with the preparatory stages. After all communication systems have been installed and laid, you must first determine the location of sockets, switches and outlets of the plumbing system. Further work is carried out depending on the material used.

First you need to stock up on a tool that is in demand in any situation:

roulette,
putty knife,
building level,

At the same time, it is also worth remembering that any work requires a proper degree of protection. Glasses with polycarbonate lenses will cover your eyes from building particles, and good durable gloves will protect your hands from possible cuts.

Plasterboard finishing: features

Drywall is good because it allows you to hide all the irregularities of any surface. At the same time, it is not necessary to make time-consuming alignment of the walls due to the fact that drywall sheets are attached to a metal frame. The assembly work itself is carried out quickly.

At the same time, the material demonstrates another advantage: the free space between the sheet and the wall allows you to hide cable channels with electrical wiring there. Among other things, the light weight of drywall sheets does not create a significant load on the floors, and due to this, complex geometric structures are built, including even multi-level ceilings.

If the frame house inside is an unfurnished dwelling, then the decision to use drywall for interior decoration will be the right one.

The installation of sheets itself is divided into several stages:

starting UD-profiles are attached along the intended line with the help of self-tapping screws,
wiring is laid in special plastic boxes or corrugated flexible PVC pipes,

free space, if necessary, is laid with insulation,
drywall sheets are laid on a profile and fastened to it with metal screws. In this case, the head of the self-tapping screw should be sunk at least 1 mm deep,
the seams between the sheets are filled with putty. At the same time, excess material is removed with a spatula and the seams are leveled,
after that, using a fine-grained sandpaper, all joints are polished and the surface of the drywall sheet is ready for finishing and applying any selected material to it.

Finishing with OSB boards

The installation of such boards itself is not much different from the process of plasterboard sheathing, with the only difference being that OSB boards have a much greater weight. Therefore, finishing a frame house with such material will require more durable and reliable fasteners.

When laying plates, it is worth considering the following features:

spiral nails 50 mm long are used to fasten the boards to the wooden frame,
at the joints, nails are driven in every 15 cm,
gaps of 1 cm should be left along the edges to the edge of the walls, the distance between the plates that do not have a connection is no more than 2 mm,
OSB sheets are laid on the floor perpendicular to the lags,

after fastening, it is recommended to sand the surface of the plate with fine-grained sandpaper,
plates are also recommended to be varnished in three layers, with thorough and natural drying of each applied layer. Such a coating will protect the structure of the material from possible penetration of moisture,

If it is planned to cover the surface of the OSB board with paint or plaster, then in this case it will need to be primed first.

Plaster and wallpaper for painting

Decorative plaster for interior decoration of the house, the photo with the performances of which are provided below, is an excellent option. Such material will hide the defects of the walls and its irregularities.

It is good because it is not afraid of moisture and does not absorb soot and odors, which is especially valuable for the kitchen. In addition, the plaster can be washed.

Wallpaper for painting is good because it allows you to fully change the interior over time without resorting to significant expenses. To do this, it is enough to repaint them, covering the old one with a layer of new paint. In addition, paintable wallpapers often have texture, allowing you to create a uniform and seamless surface.

The gluing of such wallpaper itself is no different from gluing simple wallpaper, with the difference that after gluing the wallpaper must be given a day before applying paint to them.

The use of lining and imitation of timber

Many varieties of lining are interesting in that they are able to recreate a full-fledged imitation of wood, which is especially important for country houses. The presence of wood resins will allow the timber to maintain its durability and other properties.

At the same time, the price of such material is affordable and affordable even for small budgets. Especially if you buy lining of grade “C”, which, despite the defective surface, will bring vintageness to the interior of a country house.

The price for high-quality lining starts from $8 for a lamella 4 m long and 10 cm wide.

Wood imitators are good for their environmental friendliness and durability. Due to heat treatment, lining does not crack over time and does not lose its qualities. Therefore, this material will remain attractive for a long time in the eyes of many owners of country houses who have decided to produce interior decoration with this particular material.

Without proper cladding, any house is just a box of little use for living. The quality of the interior decoration of a frame house will determine the comfort and style of your future home. Today we will analyze in detail the options for every taste and budget.

Before you start work, consider a few important points.

Do not start finishing in several rooms at once, move progressively, from one room to another.
To prevent repairs from dragging on for years, make a clear plan, each item of which is given time. Facing a small house takes from a month to three. The term depends on many factors: materials, complexity, the presence or absence of a professional team.
Pay special attention to the rough finish. If it is carried out poorly, then the end result is unlikely to be pleasing to the eye.
One of the features of the interior decoration of a wooden frame house is the strengthening of the walls in places next to which there are holes for window frames.

Work order

Work begins only after the electrical wiring and other engineering communications are laid.
Before giving the decoration of the house a finished appearance, a rough finish is carried out.
Always start in the room that is farthest from the entrance.
Before starting work, cover the surfaces with polyethylene - this will facilitate the subsequent cleaning of the house.
The principle according to which you will produce the cladding of each room is “from top to bottom”. This means that you should start from the ceiling, then switch to the walls and lay the floor last. However, there is one exception to this rule - stretch ceilings. If your choice fell on them, then mount the structure last.
Do not forget to purchase special equipment to protect the skin, and goggles that will protect your eyes from construction debris.
Necessary tools - building level, tape measure and spatula.

Rough finish

Rough finishing is no less important than finishing or finishing. It depends on it how warm the house will be, and how durable the repair will be.

Works include:

removal of old coatings;
ceiling screed;
laying a layer of insulation for walls;
wall cladding;
creation of a "rough" floor;
alignment of all surfaces that are planned to be faced;
slope installation.

Materials used

The construction market offers a huge selection of materials for rough and finish interior decoration of a wooden frame house. The main thing to focus on when choosing is the budget and the complexity of the work. Let's analyze the most popular options.

Finishing materials:

drywall;
OSB boards;
primer and plaster mixes.

OSB boards are considered the most progressive - they completely level the surface and are easy to install.

Finishing materials:

paper wallpaper;
liquid wallpaper;
lining wooden;
lining plastic;
ceramic tile;
decorative plaster;
glass-magnesium sheets;
flexible stone.

You can use any of the listed materials “solo”, or you can combine several - it all depends on your imagination. We will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of different types of materials for the rough and finish interior decoration of a frame house below.

Finishing options for a frame house

Drywall

Sheets of material are attached to metal profiles, which means that there is no need for preliminary alignment of the walls. Another important point is the ability to leave free space between the wall and drywall slabs. This creates freedom for the choice of insulation and the possibility of laying communications, including electrical ones. However, remember that if you decide to lay the wiring in this way, then it is placed in special corrugations that prevent fire. Many choose drywall also because, due to its low weight, it does not create additional load on the supporting structure.

Work order:

Before proceeding with the interior decoration of a frame house with drywall, mark up and, using self-tapping screws, fix the metal profile.
If provided, lay the walls with insulation.
Drywall is placed on the profile, and fastened with metal screws. Make sure that the hat "drowns" inside the sheet by at least a millimeter.
Fill the space between the sheets with putty, remove the excess and align the seams.
Take fine sandpaper and sand the surface.
Rough finishing is completed, now you can start finishing.

OSB

OSB boards are another common material for rough finishes. Their installation is similar to drywall sheets, with the only difference being that, due to the greater weight, a more secure fastening is required.

Work order:

The slabs are fastened to the wooden frame with nails in the form of a spiral at a distance of 15 cm.
If you are laying OSB on the floor, then this must be done perpendicular to the lags.
Before using a finishing material on top of the plates, go over them with fine-grained sandpaper and varnish them in three layers.

OSB boards are an excellent option for forming partitions in rooms, if necessary. The main difference between this material and drywall is its thickness, high density and strength. These qualities, depending on the goals and circumstances, can be assessed as an advantage or a disadvantage. If the curvature of the surfaces is so strong that the drywall can bend, then it is better to use OSB.

clapboard

Lining with clapboard is an environmentally friendly option for interior decoration of the walls of a frame house. In addition to an attractive appearance, you also get a particularly favorable indoor climate. In addition, the material has good sound insulation and excellent heat retention.

Kinds:

"Extra" - a variety without any defects, with an impeccably even and smooth surface.
"A" - small chips and blackouts in the lamellas are acceptable.
"B" - cracks and knots may be present.
"C" - the presence of blackouts, resin bags, cracks, knots over the entire surface is allowed.

Paradoxically, it has recently become fashionable to choose exactly the “C” variety. Such lining has a low cost and perfectly imitates the vintage style.

Work order:

Cover the slats with special bioprotective compounds against fungus and mold.
If color is fundamentally important, you want to make the coating darker or lighter, then cover with wood stain or other special substances to create the desired tone for wood materials.
The lining can be mounted on OSB boards, that is, immediately on the finished wall.
There are many options for fastening this material - with nails, staples, kleimers, etc. The best of them will be the one that will cause less damage to the material.

timber imitation

This material is considered a subspecies of lining. The main difference is the creation of the effect of laying logs. The category of “lumber imitation” includes PVC, which is sometimes called “plastic lining”, since wood is easily imitated with this material. The interior decoration of a frame house with an imitation of timber will cost less, but PVC lamellas are devoid of the advantages of wood.

Plaster and wallpaper

Plaster and wallpaper are simple materials in terms of work technique. Often, those who decide to do home improvement with their own hands choose them. Finishing plaster refers to the so-called decorative mixture, we will talk about it later, but now let's focus on wallpaper.

Wallpaper types:

Paper. For the interior decoration of the walls of a frame house, this is not the best solution - they are exposed to moisture, burn easily and do not differ in durability. However, they are often used as a temporary option, allowing you to give the walls an aesthetically pleasing look and save money.
Vinyl and acrylic. Wallpapers similar in their characteristics that can be used for decoration. They are durable, resistant to mechanical damage and moisture resistant.
Fiberglass. A great option, both for independent use and for painting. These are the strongest and most durable of all types of wallpaper.
Wallpaper. Today they are used infrequently, but are indispensable for some design decisions.

Decorative plaster

Once this material was considered "elite", but today it can be afforded with any budget. Using the finishing cladding with decorative plaster, you can hide minor flaws in the rough finish, give the walls an interesting texture. In construction stores, you can purchase special spatulas to form the structure of the wall, with their help even a non-professional can use interesting design solutions.

The advantage of the material is its resistance to moisture, fire and odors. That is why plaster is often used in the design of the kitchen.

Tile installation

Ceramic tiles are durable and aesthetically pleasing, but require a perfectly flat surface. If you decide to tile the walls, it is advisable to use a special reinforced drywall designed for installing tiles as a rough finish. Today you can find a lot of stylistic solutions - natural stone, brick, wood, mosaic and much more. It is also worth noting that this finishing option is not budgetary and will require significant investments.

Glass-magnesium sheets

Another, yet not so common, version of the rough interior decoration of a frame house. This material is distinguished by its special strength, flexibility and high performance. It is made of oxide and magnesium chloride, covered with fiberglass on top. Glass-magnesium sheets are very light, therefore, reinforced profiles are not required during installation. They are fastened with self-tapping screws, before finishing they are covered with a primer or plaster.

flexible stone

The material is made from sandstone, which is applied to a flexible fiberglass substrate. The main advantage is the possibility of installation in hard-to-reach places. The advantages of a flexible stone include such qualities as the ability to pass air, moisture resistance, minimum weight. Often it is used in rooms with high humidity - kitchens and bathrooms. Fastening is carried out using special glue on a leveled surface.