Artists churches. "Icons should enlighten"

The history of Russian land is invariably connected with the church and worship. Cities around the temples arose, built villages. Wooden, and after and stone buildings served as a place where people acquired peace of mind, talked to God, were equal. Modern morals have changed: shopping and entertainment events replaced hiking to church, the prayers have become a rarity in the house. But the architecture of church structures still causes reverence and trepidation. Therefore, oil paintings on which temples are written are in demand in the design of the premises.

A variety of plot lines

Golden making on the background of the blue sky, supported by white with white cumulus clouds, is not the only option when creating such a canvase. Temples are the main objects in writing summer, winter, autumn and spring landscapes. Buildings occupy a central or lateral plan, harmoniously woven into the village flavor or urban architecture ... In some kind of churches are universal with regard to the plot. And it facilitates the search for your canvas.

Another point is associated with the accuracy of the image. To decorate the room with a web, carrying realism, means to admire every day the severity of the lines and the variety of details that are so full of church construction. Etude, made in the genre of impressionism, with a slightly blurred outline and free strokes, has special magic. He conveys a mood in which the thrill, solemnity and majesty of these buildings are concluded.

In search of an ideal place

Temples are a symbol of purity, invisibility and tranquility. Their images create around a pacifying atmosphere. Therefore, paintings with churches or monasteries are preferable to place in rooms where the rest is planned. Canvas are relevant in the design of the living room and bedrooms. They will be alive in the Decore of the Personal Cabinet. Hang them above the sofa or opposite the desk, so that the Etude is always before your eyes.

Buying oil paintings with temples, take into account the interior style. They are most in demand in the classics. Design refinement in combination with proper geometry depicted on the canvas architecture looks great and elegant. Complement the picture of a suitable frame with curly elements or without decor.

No matter what format or size you will get a cloth with a church or a monastery. The main thing is that it gives the feeling of calm and harmony, which is not enough in the modern world. In our catalog, you can see and choose the closest picture of the plot and bring a bit of warmth and comfort to the house.

September 21st, 2016, 09:26 pm

The Cathedral of Christ the Savior in memory of the victory in the Patriotic War was built on the Project of Constantine Tone and consecrated in 1883. With the arrival of the Bolsheviks, an antireligious campaign began and on the site of the temple was planned to build a grand architectural monument to a new building - the Palace of Soviets. The temple was blown up in 1931, the draft of the Soviet skyscraper prevented the realization of war and on the historical foundation built an outdoor swimming pool "Moscow".

1904-1905: https://pastvu.com/p/2805

The explosion in the temple was requisitioned by values \u200b\u200band dismantled everything that could be useful, for example, large marble memorial boards were used to finish new administrative buildings. Several burners decorated the facade were saved from the destruction - now they can be seen in the Don monastery. Six picturesque cloths Vasily Vereshchagin were wound on the shafts, transferred to storage to the Kazan Cathedral in Leningrad and later renovated. Fragments of the wall painting "The Last Supper", adorned by the altar, survived and are in the Museum of the Church of Christ the Savior. The altar marble chair has been preserved.

In 1988, in the Atheistic Soviet Union, the millennium of the Baptism of Russia was solemnly noted. The state policy towards religion softened and the Orthodox groups began to refer to the revival of temples. Such an initiative group that rattled the restoration of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior at the same place was collected by thousands of signatures, the Foundation of the Facility of the Temple and the authorities decided to close the pool and build a temple, an externally coping building of Constantine Tone.

The construction of the historic temple lasted 44 years, but with modern construction technologies, the work arose faster and occupied only five years. On December 31, 1999, the temple was opened for a visit, and the first solemn liturgy was served in Christmas night. In the 19th century, the design of temple interiors took two decades, the painters of the Imperial Academy of Arts Vasily Surikov, Ivan Kramskaya, Vasily Vereshchagin, Heinrich Semiradsky, were working on the painting, Alexey Korzukhin, Fedor Bruni.

The painting inside the modern temple covers an area of \u200b\u200babout 22,000 square meters. I do not undertake to judge how detailed the historical decoration in detail, but the main picturesque works are reproduced exactly, it is enough to compare them with old photos. The Russian Academy of Arts was re-creating the story and ornamental paintings of the temple. He headed the work of Zurab Tsereteli, the coordinator of a group of specialists in the art decoration was the priest Leonid Kalinin. Two dozen masters were headed by the brigades of artists, this is Vladimir Ananyev, Nikolai Gavrilov, Vasily Nesterenko, Sergey Smeekin and others.

Altar of the temple. 1883-1910: https://pastvu.com/p/385918

Temple interiors. 1883-1910: https://pastvu.com/p/385917

The temple has three thrones - the chief in honor of the Nativity of Christ and two side on the choir - in the name of Nicholas of the Wonderworker (South) and St. Prince Alexander Nevsky (Northern).

At the head of the main dome, artists portrayed the Lord Savaof, the Old Starrows. According to the word of the Almighty Creator, there is a globe and winged cherubs, illuminated in flight with a flame of primitive fire. The head of the Lord, according to the biblical legend, was rooted with gray, hands will be painful. He creates the universe and at the same time blesses the created them.

The belt of the main dome is represented by images of the Old Testament Church, which are of particular importance in relation to the Savior of the world - or as a presence of his coming, or as witnesses of his life and preachers of his teachings.

On the crop of small domes, the Holy Spirit in the form of a pigeon, in bright radiance, surrounded by the seven divine gifts; Savior, sitting on the throne in the royal closure with a book and a scepter in his hands; Baby Jesus Christ surrounded by angels; Lord Almighty, holding a Scepter and the Book of Fate, sealed by seven seals.

The chief iconostasis of the temple is made in the form of an eight-marched chapel made of white marble, with ornament and inlay colored marble breeds. The chapel is crowned with a bronze gilded tent, at the top of the narrowing, and consisting of four tiers intended for the placement of the icons. Inside it is the throne. On the lower tier to the right of the royal gates, the image of the Lord of the Almighty is depicted, and the way is the image of the Blessed Virgin. The second tier of the iconostasis consists of the Lord and Virgin Holidays, the third tier represents the New Testament Church and the fourth tier consists of the waist images of the forefathers and the prophets of the Old Testament Church.

Sacred images are placed on the sails of the temple: the Transfiguration of the Lord, and under it - the evangelist Matthew; The Ascension of the Lord, and under it - the evangelist John; Resurrection of Christ, and under him - evangelist Mark; The descent of the Holy Spirit on the Apostles, and under him - the evangelist of Luka.

Painting "Resurrection of Christ" (artist Evgraf Sorokin). 1885: https://pastvu.com/p/79368

Painting "Fathest of the Holy Spirit" (artist Evgraf Sorokin). 1885: https://pastvu.com/p/79371

Among the main shrines, the temple of St. Metropolitan of Moscow Filaret (Drozdova)

Large chandelier about 148 candles. 1880-1883: https://pastvu.com/p/64914

On the walls of the corridors on marble boards in chronological order, descriptions of the battles of the war of 1812 with places and dates, the names of military units, the names of the dead and wounded, obtained by the awards were given. Here, the highest manifestos about the joining the French army are reproduced within Russia, appealing to the people of Russian about the militia, manifestos about the expulsion of Napoleon from the limits of Russia, thanks to the Russian people and the Russian nobility, Manifesto on building the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow.

When recreating the temple, new spaces appeared, which were not in the Tone Project. These are placed stylobate part built on the site of the hill. It has the Temple of the Transfiguration of the Lord, the Museum Gallery, the Hall of Church Cathedrals, the Hall of the High Church Council, the Forestry Chambers, as well as technical and office premises.

The hall of church cathedrals is intended for meetings of local and bishop councils, and, on the blessing of the His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, Alexy II, for secular events. The hall opened in 2000, it is equipped with modern acoustic equipment and is designed for 1250 seats. There are concerts of church choirs, symphonic music, folklore groups, festivals and conferences.

In the photo: The concert "XII of Sacred Psalms" performed by Galina Bosoya, accompanied by the patriarchal choir of the Church of Christ the Savior.

Among the variety of paintings of Russian painting, a special place is occupied by works depicting various architectural objects. Most often, these are monuments of architecture - temples and monasteries - centuries causing the views of artists, but often the theme for sketches, and sometimes large paintings, are at first glance, minor buildings or even elements of buildings, like windows, arched outlooks or columns. Not too much paying attention to the reality, transferred to the canvas hand of the master, they become a complete work and make a look no worse than genre painting or portraits.

Deciding to buy ready-made paintings, one way or another, reflecting the topic of architecture, connoisseurs of the Russian school of painting will receive a rare opportunity to first see the continuity of generations. Churches and monasteries often became the subject of work of Soviet artists, but also modern authors also appeal to this topic. Soviet painting presented to the world such works as "Church in Ostankino" Igor Rubinsky, "Cathedral in Suzdal" Enver Ismametova or "Monastery" Vladimir Gremitsky. It is not by chance that each of these works shows the viewer just winter. The muffled cold paints and the lack of scratch-bright parts remind us that churches and monasteries are primarily spiritual monastery, and not architectural attractions for the development of tourism. Supplementing the home interior of such a picture, lovers of painting will be able to enjoy the strict simplicity of architectural forms and excellent technique of Soviet painting masters.

Modern authors, "shifting the relay" from the previous generation, also cannot refuse the images of cathedrals and churches. The current artists dedicated to this topic distinguishes a constant search for innovations. There were works written from an unusual perspective, such as "Barhov. View from the bell tower "Olga Sorokina or" Nizhny Novgorod. View of the street christmas »Darya Sparroweva. The viewer seems to get a glimpse of a glimpse on the church from a height, catch the glare of the light on the golden domes and see the outlines of the city around the temple. Other authors focused on the game of light. Painting Yuri Anniskina "Assumption Cathedral at sunset" is surprisingly accurately transmitting the soft radiance of the setting sun, reflected from the walls of the Cathedral of the Astrakhan Kremlin. The same topics is visible and in the work of Igor's names with the poetic name "the sun in the trunks confused."

And during the time of the USSR, and now the artists are not limited to the image of the Orthodox churches alone. The authors will attract the sophisticated beauty of Oriental Mosques and Mausoleums. The world-famous Samarkand complex Shahi Zinda was captured by many Russian artists. His azure dome wrote Valery Kovinin, Mausoleev's skillfully decorated arches was fascinated by Alevtina Kozlov. Buy paintings by oil on canvas with the image of this architectural ensemble - it means to bring a thin oriental note to the interior and to give himself a unique opportunity to admire every day to see the legacy of the ears of the erasing.

Compare with other world masterpieces of architecture in area and height, but in greatness and holiness, as well as in the liberty and luxury of the inner decoration, no monument of sculptural art cannot be compared. Inside it looks like an elegant malachite box. During construction and in his finish was used unprecedented number of stone species. Here you can meet marble of various shades. It was mined throughout Russia, and also purchased abroad. Tivdiy pink, Siena Yellow, red from France. From the Russian Kamenolomen brought white, dark red, lemon.

Yashma, Shokhinsky Porphir, Badakhshansky lazuli, Ural Malachite were also used in the decoration. France, Italy, Afghanistan, Karelia - that's just an incomplete list of places from where the gems from. Over 400 kg of gold and more than a thousand tons of bronze left for the decoration of the temple. Nowhere and never more in the world has been erected by temples using such a number of finishing stone. Facing the walls inside the temple is striking by skill and grace. Each detail is made with amazing accuracy.

Splendor finish

Internally, the decoration of St. Isaac's Cathedral amazes with beauty, scope and unusualness. The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe finishing of interior premises has been preserved since the time of Peter the Great. In the first cathedral, it was impossible to install a high altar with several tiers. And then the architects were installed in the iconostasis only the main icons of the lower row. And the images of the two-month holidays placed on the walls of the temple. This idea was adhered to and under the subsequent restructuring. Although in the modern council, the height of the iconostasis made it possible to equip many tiers, but they did not do that. Icons that have not included in the iconostasis are placed in niches in carved marble frames. Under them, fililers from burgundy marble are located, on which explaining inscriptions are written as gilded letters.

Stitched

For the royal gates of the main throne, you can see the stained glass window, which shows the resurrection of Christ. Such images were not in the tradition of Orthodox churches. But the idea was supported by the representatives of the Synod, who were jealously followed the construction of construction and the observance of all church canons. After Isaacia, stained glass windows became in many temples. The creation of this masterpiece was led by the German artist Heinrich Maria von Hess. Stained glass area 28.5 square meters. It is one of the main monuments of the stained glass of Russia.

Canopy and mosaic

Twenty-two famous artists of the time: Shebeyev, Bruhlov, Bruni, Basin, Plushar and many others were brought to the design of the inner decoration of the temple. The temple has a museum in which you can see a collection of religious and historical painting of 1840-1850. It includes 103 wall paintings and 52 pictures made on canvas.

During the work, the designers understood that the canvas would not be able to preserve in the conditions of the raw St. Petersburg climate. Artists had to redo their masterpieces due to the instability of the paints several times. Only four years before the end of the construction found a resistant composition of dyes, which could withstand such conditions.

But in 1851, work began on the translation of scenic cloths into mosaic works. This painstaking work continued until 1917. Now in the Cathedral of 62 mosaic canvases, the total area of \u200b\u200bwhich exceeds 600 square meters. To give the liveliness and brightness, the works were used over twelve thousand shades of Smalt. The researchers estimated that the completion of 1 square meter of the mosaic picture was left for about a year of hard work.

At the exhibition in London in 1862, mosaic works from Isaacia were presented. They got the highest rating. The whole world acknowledged that the production of smalt was brought to Russia to perfection.

Dome

The main dome of the temple attracts the attention of the amazed public. His arch decorates the painting of the Bryullov "Our Lady in Glory", where the Virgin Mary surrounded by John the Baptist, John the Theologian and the Holy Patrons of the Tsarist Family. Unfortunately, the artist failed to complete the work in connection with the deterioration of health. The background and figures of the apostles on his cardhouses completed another painter - Basin.

The dome drum decorate the figures of the twelve angels who look from the height at the people who came to the temple. The crown of the composition is a silver plated figure of a pigeon, soaring at an 80-meters altitude. One-meter memeter bird is a symbol of the Holy Spirit.

All in this amazing temple admire and amazes. Everything is made with skill and grace. Despite the abundance of bright elements, there is nothing superfluous. It is impossible to describe the splendor of the temple with words - it needs to be seen.

In the temple, the icons of "all mournful joy" on a high-chapter street there is an icon of the new martyer Ekaterina Petrograd (Arsk). From other faces it is distinguished by the fact that all is dressed in gold jewelry. In the temple, they say that rings, chains, bracelets - gratitude to those who miraculous icon helped become parents. It turned out that many of the parishioners decades went to this. By icon Victor Bender He told what he was different from the ordinary artist, and why there should not be a sophisticated saint.

In search of yourself

The iconography of Victor Bender has been engaged for 20 years. How many faces came from under his hands over these years, does not remember. But it is recognized that the day does not spend without this classes. "I write every icon necessarily with a prayer. Otherwise, it is impossible, "he says. - Only one did without prayer - still in the army. But that face I created rather from love for fine art, and not to God. I have learned him a lot later. "

Victor grew up in the usual family of St. Petersbugurgian doctors. His parents were people baptized, but unchurvented. Then, like now, many often baptized "for a tick" because it is necessary. And to God came much later.

Victor did not exception. He said that in the late 80s he was "free Mazila": it was drawn, then vanguard. But it was not pleased with any other. "And in the 90s, I got the phrase Edward Man" You will not be an artist if you don't like painting most, but if you have nothing to say - goodbye! ", - The icon painter shares and sighs. "And I understood with the annoyance then that I really had nothing to tell me, except for ordinary post-Soviet tribulations. And I didn't love my work then. It erected me to an active search. And I searched first of all myself. "

Then he began rummaged in libraries, actively engaged in sports. Bought in the hole, ran in winter in some sports cowards, pulled up on the horizontal bar. And even lost 30 kilograms. And she continued to study painting. I read that it was forces, but a clear understanding that actually he wants to convey to the viewer, nevertheless there were no. "Active reading, painting to a sharp in the eyes, Sport to Pota Grave brought their fruits," he notes. - In the field of view, in addition to European and eastern philosophers, another kind of literature began to fall. "

One day one of the friends of Victor, an avant-garde artist, brought him to the sulfur-printed book "Iconostasis" printed by Samizdatov. "By then, I have already become amazed to discover for myself that the Orthodox Church is not quite a" institution for ignorant old women ", and not just an ethnographic museum, which I thought it earlier, says Victor. "At the exhibitions, I began to detect not just landscapes with temples, but a modern avant-garde painting, clearly inspired by Christian motives."

At that time, Benders realized that it was impossible to engage in painting. Need to be laid out. "Suddenly came to the conclusion that before I just" slapped "paint on paper," he remembers. - But it is not necessary to work "for the fun of workers of all countries," and for those who have grief and sorrow. And people as I understand it, usually goes not to the exhibition, but rather to church. Thus, the idea came that I should become an icon painter. "

Spiritual revolution

Having decided to become an icon painter, Bender learned that somewhere in the spiritual academy there is an icon-painted class. There, he found a young Hieromonach Alexander Fyodorov and asked to enroll him there. But it turned out that not every wishes could become a student of this class. And the point here is not in registration, as it happens in simple schools. Hieromona warned that before you need to start living a church life - to come to conversations on Sunday school (for catechization) and regularly visit the temple.

Such conditions could push each person, but in Bender, it only strengthened the desire to engage in iconography. First of all, Victor confessed and fell. Remembers how literally the pupil read Simeon of the New Theologian and other similar Orthodox literature. "I had a powerful coup inside," he confesses. - I sharply "screwed nuts" and stopped "slap" my pictures. And only a year later I was taken to the iconographic class. "

Enrolling, Victor was periodically horrified by everything rolled out of her hands. After all, he believed that he used to be able to write paintings, but only at the Academy, after three school years, learned to spend the line really exactly. And by the end of the study, wrote the icon "Savior Independent".

If you carefully look at the icons of Viktor Bender, you can notice one common line - there is no characteristic chagrin print on the face. The icon painter says that he himself with difficulty perceives faces with such a mood. "Icons should please the eyes, enlighten a person. It is important to correctly convey the emotions in the view, barely noticeable smile, - he is sure. "Therefore, I always make a strong emphasis based on facial expression."

Today, the icons of Victor can be found in different temples of St. Petersburg. Especially many of them in the chapel of the Kolpinsk educational colony. Victor goes there several times a week in order to help adolescents, which in the world are called difficult, stand up true. "He every time at the meeting hugs all the guys. And this is very important - to combine spiritual contact and body, "says the head of the colony Vladimir Ivlev.