Insulation of silicate brick outside. Silicate brick for building a private house

Building a brick house is quite popular throughout the Russian Federation, because. brick walls have many advantages. They are reliable, fire resistant and able to stand for many years. But there are also disadvantages, for example, they do not retain heat efficiently enough. The problem is easily eliminated if additional external insulation of the brick walls of the house is carried out with special materials. Almost every owner thinks about how to insulate a brick house from the outside.

In the process of building a brick house, you have to spend a lot of money, which is why the question often arises of how to carry out home insulation work with your own hands. Everything is quite simple, and if you thoroughly approach the issue, study all the nuances and choose the right material, insulate the house from silicate brick, it will turn out without the involvement of hired specialists. The answer to the question of how to insulate a brick house from the outside, any seller of a hardware store knows.

There are a lot of insulation technologies, for a start we will consider a variety of insulation for siding.

The question of how best to insulate a brick house from the outside is very common on specialized forums. It is worth thoroughly studying all the information presented, and choose what suits you. The main separation of wall insulation occurs according to the installation principle, there are those that require additional finishing, and those that do not need it. There are simply a huge number of varieties of materials for insulation and soundproofing, many of them are similar in characteristics, and differ only in price and manufacturer.

Mineral insulation (mineral wool). It is often used, due to the fact that the price for it is quite low, and the characteristics are suitable. For example, its thermal conductivity is 0.04 W/(m*K). In addition, it is quite environmentally friendly and even an inexperienced person can mount it. Mineral wool is able to burn, so it has a low level of fire safety, which can be considered a minus, and even during installation it will be necessary to carry out additional work related to the moisture insulation of the walls, because. the material absorbs condensation well.
Expanded polystyrene (polystyrene). Thermal conductivity 0.036 W/(m*K). Lightweight, practical, with high moisture resistance. Just like mineral wool, it is environmentally friendly. The disadvantages of insulating a brick house from the outside with polystyrene foam are toxic emissions during combustion, fragility, and vapor permeability.
Extruded polystyrene foam (penoplex), a warm counterpart of conventional polystyrene. But it is produced using a different, fundamentally new technology. Due to this, it has improved characteristics of heat and sound insulation, as well as vapor and water permeability. Insulation of the house with penoplex is very popular.
It is possible to insulate a brick house from the outside with modern methods, using foaming technology. Mounting polyurethane foam. The product is new, but has already won a large part of the market. Perfectly warms and protects from hit of moisture. Minus, the application is carried out using special equipment.

insulation of a brick house from the outside by spraying polyurethane foam

Two types of insulation that do not require additional finishing

Another method of insulating a brick wall from the outside, using a brick-like thermal panel, is a fairly new technology. The main advantage is that such panels do not need to be hidden under the siding. They have a beautiful appearance.

Thermal panels under the brick

insulation for a brick house using warm plaster, innovative look. In our country, it is becoming increasingly popular due to its simplicity and low cost.

Warming for a brick house using warm plaster

Scheme of installation for siding

Surely not everyone knows how to properly insulate a brick house from the outside, or rather how to install the insulation. Installation, groups of heaters for siding, is fundamentally similar for all types of materials in this group. Before insulating a brick wall from the outside, it is necessary to expose the frame for the subsequent installation of siding. For this you will need to have:

Hammer drill with an 8 mm drill, or an impact drill with a drill of the same diameter.
Screwdriver.
Construction level.
Construction corner.
Roulette, hammer.

As a material for the manufacture of the frame, you can use a metal profile 60 * 27mm., Or wooden bars with a section of 50 * 50 mm.

Work should begin with cleaning the wall of everything that will interfere with the installation of the frame. Dismantle ebbs and slopes from windows. After that, you can proceed to the installation of the extreme bars. If the wall to be insulated is fairly even, then the frame can be made of wood, and the bars can be fixed with dowels - nails, through and through. For exterior walls that have irregularities, it is better to use a metal profile.

The extreme bars are installed, using the building level, strictly vertically. After that, between them, for convenience, they pull the cord, it is convenient to control the installation of the remaining bars along it. All installed bars should be at a distance of 60 cm from each other in the same plane.

Insulation, cut into pieces of the required length and placed between the bars. It should be fixed using dowels - nails for insulating materials, having previously drilled holes for them in the wall.

If additional vapor barrier is required, it is mounted before installing the bars, directly on the wall, and only then proceed with the installation of the frame bars. If a metal profile is used as a frame, the whole scheme looks about the same, only instead of bars, profiles are installed using special suspensions.

Foam insulation

The process of insulating the brick walls of the house from the outside, using mounting foam, is slightly different in the order of work. You should start by cleaning the wall and removing everything that will interfere with the proper installation of the frame. The next stage is the marking and installation of hangers for mounting profiles on the wall. After mounting the suspensions, proceed to the application of mounting foam. The last step after applying the foam is the installation of profiles. As in the case of the bars, the extreme profiles are installed first, and then the cord is pulled and the rest are mounted with it. The profile must be in the same plane.

Important: Hangers, before applying the foam, should be bent in such a way that they are ready for the installation of profiles in them, if this is not done, then after applying the foam this will no longer work.

After installing the frame and insulation, the next step is the installation of siding. The installation scheme depends on the type of siding panels, but the general points are worth noting.

Installation is carried out starting from the bottom of the house.
The installation of the first panel is carried out strictly horizontally using a level.
Each next panel is mounted in the previous one.

Finishing the facade of a brick house can be carried out using other technologies. For example, mount mineral insulation boards (mineral wool) and then plaster and paint the surface. Or insulate the walls from the outside with foam and overlay with bricks.

Insulation of the facade of a brick house using a clinker thermal panel has a fundamental difference from the installation of mineral wool and other similar types of insulation. It consists in the fact that the installation of a frame and, accordingly, siding is not required. The pattern of clinker panels can be different, there are panels for brick, natural stone, etc.

Before installation, as in the case of conventional insulation, the wall must be cleaned of dust, dirt and anything that may interfere with installation. The clinker panel is installed from the bottom up. The process from the side resembles the assembly of a puzzle. First, the corners and the plinth are assembled, then the inside of the wall is gradually filled. Fastening takes place using dowel nails for insulating materials, as well as a small amount of mounting foam, which is applied under the insulation and then glues it to it.

Warm plaster

Abroad, for a long time, this type of insulation of the outer walls of a brick house is considered one of the best and it is used almost everywhere. In Russia, the benefits of warm plaster have not yet been properly appreciated, although many builders are already putting it into practice.

Warm plaster has a composition almost the same as ordinary plaster, but instead of sand, foam bubbles, or perlite or vermiculite, are added to it.

Styrofoam is a good insulation, anyone even unfamiliar with building technologies knows this. The use of plaster with the addition of foam plastic will allow you to insulate the house at no great cost, and in a short time. Applying plaster does not require special preparation of the walls. It is enough just to moisten with water, and you can apply the mixture. Thermal insulation using warm plaster is quite effective. there are no joints, cracks or other defects on the wall through which heat can escape. Another indisputable advantage is the complete incombustibility of the plaster and the absence of the need to replace the slopes on the windows, which also allows you to save on finishing.

In addition to the article, watch the video:

Content

Owners of private houses are well aware of how serious the issue of warming the facade of the house is. This has become especially true with rising energy prices. Insulation of the facade will allow you to keep thermal energy inside the house, creating a comfortable and cozy atmosphere in it. In addition, it allows you to significantly save on paying utility bills. To understand how to insulate a brick house from the outside, you need to familiarize yourself with existing technologies and installation features.

Features of external thermal insulation

With external insulation of the walls of a brick house, many nuances must be taken into account. The thermal conductivity of the wall depends on the structure of the brick, for example, it is hollow or solid. The quality of the selected heat insulator is important. It is unacceptable to use thermal insulation intended for internal insulation for facade insulation. After all, it has significant differences in technical characteristics.

Materials for thermal insulation of external brick walls

Insulating the walls from the outside means changing the appearance of the house. The final result will be influenced by the chosen thermal insulation technology.

Among the advantages:

Saving energy resources during the heating season.
Increase the service life of the bearing part.
External insulation of the facade of a brick house allows you to change the appearance.
Increased sound insulation.

Two technologies are known, using which you can competently insulate the house from the outside:

Multilayer.
Frame.

In the first case, the insulation is glued directly to the wall. For this, a special adhesive mixture is used. Additionally, the heat insulator is fixed with plastic dowels. The surface is treated with special plaster mixtures, with the help of which the appearance of the facade is formed.

External wall insulation

In the second case, a frame is constructed according to the principle of a ventilated facade. A heater is placed between the racks of the frame. The frame can be made of wood or aluminum profile. Facing material is mounted on it, for example, lining, siding, etc.

The choice of thermal insulation material for warming the house outside

On the market you can see a large selection of thermal insulation materials. Each of them has its own technical characteristics. Our article will help you deal with the question of how to insulate brick walls.

There are several important criteria that the insulation must meet.:

Coefficient of thermal conductivity. The higher the ratio, the better.
Water absorption. This figure should be minimal.
Density. Specifies the total weight of the material. The higher the density, the heavier it is.
Flammability. For insulation of the outer walls of a brick house, it is recommended to choose a class G4 insulation. In the absence of a source of fire, the material stops burning.
Lifetime.
Vapor permeability.

When determining the thickness of the heat-insulating layer, it is recommended to pay attention to:

Type of building material. The brick has different types: silicate, oven and so on. Silicate double has the lowest thermal conductivity. For him, the layer of thermal insulation can be minimal.
Laying method. If the wall masonry is solid, the outer walls are insulated. If the masonry has air pockets, then installation is carried out only for internal walls.

Thermal insulation of the walls of the house with external facade plaster

So, what is the best way to insulate a brick house from the outside? Let's compare several technologies:

Material	Properties
Styrofoam	This is expanded polystyrene, the cells of which are filled with gas. This structure provides a low coefficient of thermal conductivity, which reaches 0.033. Styrofoam, in addition to insulation, increases the quality of sound insulation of the structure. This heater is lightweight. Density - from 35 to 50 kg / m 3. For finishing the facade, a thickness of 100 mm is recommended. Disadvantages of polystyrene: flammability, sensitivity to ultraviolet rays, vapor permeability.
Extruded polystyrene foam	Possesses all properties of polyfoam. But it has an additional advantage: the thermal conductivity coefficient is up to 0.028. Extruded polystyrene foam is stronger than polystyrene and easier to install.
Mineral wool	Not amenable to combustion. Environmentally friendly. The minimum density is from 35 to 125 kg/m 3 . Thermal conductivity ranges from 0.04 to 0.045. Passes steam, which eliminates the likelihood of dampness. It has good soundproofing properties. Sold in the form of rolls, plates and mats. For reliable protection of a brick house, material up to 150 mm high is recommended.
Basalt wool	The density of slab basalt wool is from 75 to 150 kg/m 3 . Easy to install. A big minus is the high level of water absorption. The insulation is necessarily protected by a special waterproofing layer.
Warm plaster	This is a mixture of perlite, expanded clay, expanded polystyrene granules, plasticizer, lime and cement. Thermal insulation level from 0.06 to 0.065. Does not sustain or spread fire. It has a high coefficient of vapor permeability. Copes with the negative effects of moisture. Increases the sound insulation of walls. The density of warm plaster is from 200 to 350 kg/m 3 . Because of this, a serious load is placed on the foundation. The recommended thickness is 50 mm.
Thermal panels	The thermal panel has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity (not more than 0.025 with a product thickness of 100 mm). The thermopanel is based on polyurethane foam. Thanks to a large assortment, in addition to insulation, you can immediately decorate the facade. The front side of the thermal panel is lined with ceramic tiles. The insulation has a high resistance to moisture and frost. Very easy to install.

When deciding how to insulate the facade of a brick house, one should not take into account the individual technical characteristics of the building.

How to insulate the exterior brick walls of the house with modern materials

Of all the materials listed, the most popular are foam and mineral wool. If the work is done by hand, then we offer step-by-step instructions on how to properly insulate a brick house.

Warming with mineral wool

We propose to consider 2 ways of fixing mineral wool: on glue and in a frame.

Mineral wool for thermal insulation

Technology of insulation with mineral wool on glue:

The evenness of the walls is determined. It is possible to glue mineral wool on relatively even and smooth walls. Therefore, the quality of brickwork must be appropriate.
Along the perimeter of the facade, a line is beaten off with a laser level to fix the starting bar. The profile is fixed with dowels. It will serve as a support for the first row.
The surface of the wall is covered with a primer to increase the quality of adhesion.
A special composition is being prepared for gluing plates.
Glue is evenly distributed over the entire surface of the mineral wool.
The heater is gently pressed against the wall.
The plate must be fixed with plastic dowels. To do this, mounting holes are drilled through the plate and fungi are hammered into them. Their caps should be slightly recessed so that there are no bumps when finishing the facade. One plate can take up to 5 dowels.
Having thus secured the first row, the second begins with an offset of exactly half. All subsequent rows are also mounted in a checkerboard pattern.

Advice! When insulating a house using mineral wool slabs, you can detect irregularities that form at the joints of the joint. They should be eliminated with special graters for mineral wool.

In conclusion, it remains to perform the reinforcement of the insulating surface. Finishing is covered with a decorative layer of plaster and painted.

How to insulate walls with mineral wool using the frame method. Sequence of work:

A crate is made for fixing facing material made of wood or metal.
The step between the crate should be 20 mm less than the width of the thermal insulation so that it is tightly inserted.
Mineral wool is installed between the crate.
After installing the insulation, a plastic film and a facing facade material are fixed.

Frame method of insulation

Insulation with expanded polystyrene

There are features of insulation of brick walls from the outside with polystyrene foam. Sequence of work:

The technical condition of the base brick wall is analyzed. Cracks are covered up. The surface is well cleaned from dust, dirt and other contaminants.
Be sure to prime the entire plane to increase the adhesion of the adhesive to the wall.
A starting profile is fixed along the perimeter of the facade. When installing, it is recommended to use a laser level.
The adhesive composition is being prepared.
Glue with plumes is laid out on a sheet of polystyrene foam.
The sheet is moderately pressed against the wall. Be sure to control the evenness of the glued sheet with a long rail or rule.
For additional fixation, plastic dowels with caps are used. For their installation, technological holes are drilled through the insulation.
In case of formation of gaps between the sheets of expanded polystyrene, fill them with mounting foam.

Styrofoam for thermal insulation of brick walls

Each subsequent row is stacked in a checkerboard pattern. In conclusion, the surface is reinforced and a decorative finishing plaster for outdoor work is applied to it. After complete drying, the plaster can be painted in the desired color.

Important! If you follow the recommendations, you can do all the work yourself without the involvement of specialists. Moreover, there is no need to use expensive equipment and tools.

Conclusion

We tried to consider in detail the question of how and what is the best way to insulate brick walls. The choice of thermal insulation material should be based on the features of the masonry and the structure of the brick. You should not save on the quality of a heat insulator, because a well-insulated facade will save you money when heating your house in winter. We suggest watching a video in which you will find many nuances that will help you do the installation yourself.

Professional home insulation is a complex and lengthy process that will delight residents with a comfortable and warm room in the winter. Thanks to the insulation of a brick building, you can reduce energy costs for home heating.

The insulation of brick walls is different from the insulation of concrete or wooden structures. To identify the material for thermal insulation, you need to set the type of brick.

Brick density is of two types:

Hollow weighs less, inside there are voids filled with air.
Solid - solid type of brick.

There are two types of masonry: solid and building with the formation of air voids. In the process of the second type of masonry the heat-insulating element is poured into the inner part of the wall- special air pocket.

Why is thermal insulation needed?

The main function of thermal insulation is energy saving and utility bills. The walls and ceiling can be covered with heat-insulating material on both sides, and the windows and floor can be covered from the inside.

Additionally, you can close up window and door gaps, as well as cover the walls that separate the house from the street with insulating material.

Thermal insulation of the room will get rid of mold and other fungi that live inside wet and cold walls.

Mold formed due to the large difference in temperature outer and inner surface of the wall. It is better to insulate a brick wall on both sides.

Modern materials

The durability of the finish depends on the choice of materials. and degree of insulation. Some materials are better suited for finishing the inside of the wall and crevices, and some are made specifically for the outside.

As materials for the insulation of brick houses are used:

mineral wool;
Styrofoam;
extruded polystyrene foam;
polyurethane foam;
plaster;
thermal panels.

Let's look at each type in more detail.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool is a substance consisting of fused silicone fibers mixed with metallurgical waste.

The most important advantages of mineral wool are a high coefficient of heat conductivity, as well as no combustible elements in its composition. Cotton wool is a durable material, it is difficult to break it or break its integrity.

cotton wool repels water easily and does not absorb rainfall. The substance ideally isolates the room from sound signals and noise. The material does not melt or deform under high temperature. It is resistant to chemicals and biological agents. Minvata is easy to install.

Resins, phenol and heavy metals that make up cotton wool, can adversely affect the human respiratory system. Expanded polystyrene, silicate fiber and polyurethane foam are considered less harmful materials for construction.

Styrofoam

Polyfoam occupies a leading position among the materials used for insulation of residential premises.

He low cost, easy to install. A thin layer of foam plastic is enough to insulate the living space, isolate it from external noise.

Styrofoam has the following advantages:

does not deteriorate under the influence of chemicals;
has a high density;
does not absorb moisture, rain and precipitation;
does not lose its shape under the influence of mechanical damage;
it is enough to lay a layer of foam, which will be ten times thinner than the wall, to prevent the penetration of cold into the room;
the material is durable and can last up to half a century;
weighs little;
resistant to decomposition processes;

Styrofoam is used as a heat-insulating material for insulating roofs, walls, facade structures, foundation slabs and the basement.

Extruded polystyrene foam

Expanded polystyrene is produced by mixing polymer metal particles with a blowing agent. A sheet is smelted from a liquid mixture of these substances. After curing sheet becomes light and strong.

Advantages:

the material is durable and can withstand heavy loads;
resistant to chemicals and high temperatures;
does not pass or absorb moisture;
serves for a long time;
does not pass harmful vapors;
ecologicaly clean;
does not ignite.

Due to its low vapor permeability, expanded polystyrene promotes the formation of mold and fungi.

Such a feature contributes to the destruction of the supporting structure of the house and poor health of residents. This material is used only for the insulation of facades in buildings whose height does not exceed nine floors.

polyurethane foam

Polyurethane is a type of plastic. He has a foamy texture, and the gaseous substance in its composition reaches 90 percent.

Polyurethane is easy to manufacture, it can be made right on the construction site.

The advantages of this material include:

adheres well to any kind of walls: brick, concrete, stone, wood, etc.;
there is no need to carry out additional processing of the wall surface;
increases the strength of walls and partitions;
does not respond to temperature changes;
forms a single solid structure without gaps and seams.

Material can wear out quickly as a result of the negative effects of ultraviolet rays. This material must be protected with plaster.

The heater does not burn, but under the influence of high temperatures will begin to melt, so you should not use it near smelters and in production.

Warm plaster

Plaster is inexpensive has adhesion to various surfaces, does not ignite, has a bactericidal effect, is non-toxic, resistant to moisture penetration.

If water gets on the plaster, it can cause it to freeze and development of fungal growths inside the wall.

Thermal panels

Thermal panels give the facade a respectable look, as well as perfectly insulate the house. They consist of several layers of expanded polystyrene and polyurethane foam with the addition of air. For decoration, artificial stone is used.

The benefits include:

environmentally friendly solution for thermal insulation;
installation does not depend on the season and weather conditions;
their use reduces the installation time.

The cons include:

before installation, the wall surface must be carefully leveled;
are expensive, especially corner elements.

What is the best way to insulate a home?

Insulation is selected depending on the material from which the walls are made.

Housing made of concrete slabs insulated with foam or mineral wool. The stone house is insulated with the same mineral wool or polyurethane foam.

Walls made of gas silicate blocks are well insulated with mineral slabs or polystyrene. These materials have good thermal insulation properties and have a long service life, they will be a good protection against the cold for walls made of gas silicate.

For insulation of houses from foam blocks the following materials are used:

mineral wool;
expanded polystyrene;
Cork;
penofol;
polyurethane foam.

For insulation of residential premises from aerated concrete well suited:

plaster;
Styrofoam;
mineral wool;
polyurethane foam.

These materials excellent wall protection aerated concrete house from freezing and increase the life of the building.

brick walls insulated with the following materials:

mineral wool;
expanded polystyrene;
Styrofoam;
polyurethane foam;

Read in this article about modern materials for soundproofing walls in an apartment.

How to properly insulate a brick house from the outside with your own hands?

Insulating a living space with foam plates is easy. It is enough to adhere to the following algorithm of actions.

pre-surface wall debris and dirt must be removed. Then trim it with plaster.

Important: treat the wall with primer to achieve evenness, and then wait for it to dry. Foam plates will firmly lie on the primed surface.

Then it is necessary nail the starting profile horizontally. The plates are glued to the wall starting from the bottom edge. You can treat the wall with glue or apply the substance directly to the slabs with a spatula.

Laying of plates must be done in a checkerboard pattern. When the glue dries, the plates must be fixed with dowels. The gap between the plates must be sealed with the same material or filler.

At the last stages of masonry plates are fixed with mesh, and the dried facade must be covered with plaster.

Warming a house with your own hands is not an easy task, but doable with some preparation. Insulation is selected depending on the material of the walls. The choice of material is also influenced by its cost, heat-insulating and waterproof qualities, as well as environmental friendliness and safety for the health of residents.

Do-it-yourself insulation of a brick house: video instruction.

Let me, just in case, describe how I understand your situation (so that I understand everything correctly and do not advise too much). It's just that you have a question not only about insulation, but also about heating (in another thread, here), so I'll "gather" all the information together. And you, if anything, correct it. So:

Now you live in a house where there is no heating, except for three fireplaces. House on one floor + residential attic. The walls of the house are built with a thickness of 370mm (one and a half bricks). The walls are insulated from the inside with 50mm foam. The attic is not insulated. The floors are not insulated. It's cold in the house.

In this thread you ask how to insulate, and in the other (link above), which heating to choose. Since the answer for heating depends on the answer for insulation, let's first decide how best to insulate, then (when it is clear how to insulate), we will calculate the amount of heat loss for your house (taking into account that you insulate it). Knowing the amount of heat loss, it will be possible (knowing your prices for electricity and gas) to understand the cheaper it is to heat.

I hope I explained :-). So let's start with insulation.

Walls. It is best to insulate the walls of the house normally from the outside, and remove the insulation from the inside altogether. The simplest insulation from the outside is insulation under the cladding. Insulation - mineral wool or fiberglass wool. Mineral wool density 35-50 kg / m3, fiberglass wool - 17 kg / m3 (plate, not roll positions). A crate (wooden or metal) is attached to the wall from the outside. A heater is placed in the crate. On top of the insulation - a superdiffusion membrane (it waterproofs and protects from the wind), then a gap of 2-4 cm, and the lining material (siding, for example). Thickness of a heater - 100 mm. If you insulate the house from the outside in this way, then, in principle, you can not remove the foam from the inside. It will only be necessary to perform a calculation on whether you have enough ventilation (both inflow and exhaust). I'll explain why. You now have plastic windows (they do not let air through), the walls in foam plastic also do not let air through. And in the house there should be both an inflow of air, and an extract. Otherwise, the walls will get wet and it will be stuffy. To check how you have (enough supply and exhaust or not), I need to make a calculation. For the calculation, I need the following data:

plans of the first and attic floors, with the name of the premises, and with the areas of all premises
mark on the plans where the windows, doors
note where the exhaust channels are located, and their diameters
the height (on the facade) of all the walls of the house, and separately on each floor the height of the ceiling

this information can be sent in any quality, as long as it can be parsed, here, look how the reader specified the same data,. You can draw, photograph and post by hand.

Roof. If the attic is residential, then you need to insulate the roof slope completely. How your attic room is made (in form) will depend on the insulation scheme and the type of insulation.

How did you make your attic room:

1. right under the roof

Room under the roof

2. or "a room rectangle in a roof triangle" :-)

How you insulate it will depend on which option you have (1 or 2).

Floor. You didn't write how it works. Without that, I can't recommend anything.

Looking forward to your clarification, thanks.