Do-it-yourself water-based ceiling painting. We paint the ceiling with water-based paint manually and with a spray gun

Repair work related to finishing the ceiling structure is of particular importance, since this surface is always in sight, so any defect will be visible immediately. Ceiling decoration can be carried out using a variety of paints, but the most popular today is water-based, since it is not only easy to use, but also safe. But do not forget that this paint has its own characteristics, which consist not only in the composition, but also in the methods of application to the surface.

Features of the coloring composition

The main component of water-based paint is water. It is in it that particles of matter are dissolved. Some give a shade to the surface: these are pigments, while others contribute to the formation of a protective film. After applying the composition to the surface, the water evaporates and the substances dissolved in it form a strong film.

The composition of the paint can include a variety of substances. that improve the properties of a particular type. Thickeners, antiseptics, antifreezes, defoamers and other additives are used as additives.

The most common source of white is zinc oxide. Titanium dioxide is sometimes added. In inexpensive brands, they use chalk, as they did many years ago. Also, minerals such as barite, calcite, mica, talc are used as dyes. In modern paints, as a rule, minerals can be added in a complex manner, thus improving the properties of the paint.

All water-based paints have a percentage of input substances, where the film former accounts for 50%, the share of pigments and fillers 37%, plasticizers 7%, and other additives about 6%.

Varieties

Today there are several varieties of water-based paint.

The most inexpensive are those that include a substance such as polyvinyl acetate. An emulsion based on polyvinyl acetate is used mainly in rooms with a low level of humidity, since this composition does not tolerate moisture well: the surface treated with it cannot be washed.

For concrete and stone areas, paint is used, which includes liquid glass. This type belongs to silicate paints.

Silicone-based paints are able to level the surface with small cracks (up to 2 mm) without pretreatment. The ceiling, treated with silicone paint, is water resistant, so it can be used for kitchens or bathrooms.

Emulsions containing acrylic resins are suitable for all surfaces. The ceiling will turn into a flat surface that is resistant to moisture and temperature extremes. The composition of acrylic paints allows hiding small cracks, and the surface itself is resistant to the effects of gentle detergents.

How to choose?

In order to choose the right paint, you need to pay attention to its characteristics, indicated by the manufacturer on the can with this composition.

Usually manufacturers indicate the composition of the paint and the type of material. for which it is intended. For surfaces made of concrete, brick, stone, wood and drywall, there are different types of emulsions. The most versatile is acrylic paint. It is suitable for all surfaces, including painting ceiling tiles. After all, there is not always the opportunity and desire to change the ceiling surface completely, sometimes it is enough to just update it, and paint with acrylic resins will perfectly cope with this task.

Manufacturers always indicate in the annotation for which premises the paint is suitable. Here, the level of humidity in the room and the degree of required resistance of the surface to detergents play an important role. Antiseptic and antifungal components in the emulsion are of great importance if the ceiling is located in a room with high humidity, to which the bathroom belongs. The presence of these components will protect the ceiling surface from mold and will extend the service life.

The choice of paint also depends on how you can take care of the ceiling surface after painting. Manufacturers produce three types of composition, on which the method of caring for the ceiling surface depends.

The composition that forms the washable coating is not suitable for wet cleaning, therefore, such a ceiling can be maintained only with a dry cloth or vacuum cleaner. The remaining two types of leave-in composition tolerate wet cleaning well. One type of composition does not tolerate the effects of detergents, therefore, the ceiling surface is cleaned with plain water. And the other composition is resistant to cleaning agents, so the ceiling can be washed using a suitable product.

Of no small importance when choosing an emulsion is the degree of gloss of the ceiling surface.

Manufacturers produce a wide variety of paints that give the surface a matte, semi-matte, deep matte, glossy and semi-gloss shade.

The matte surface is a suitable option for rooms where it is required to visually increase the height of the ceiling.

It also helps to hide some small flaws in the ceiling. But it is worth remembering that caring for such a ceiling is somewhat more difficult than for a glossy one. The glossy surface has a more presentable appearance, lasts longer, but any defect on it is noticeable. The golden mean is the choice of an emulsion that gives a semi-matt or semi-glossy surface to the ceiling.

Coverage (density) depends not only on the composition of the paint, but also on the material covered with the emulsion. The more uneven and loose structure the material has, the more mixture will be needed to cover the ceiling surface.

When buying paint for more than one can, you should pay attention to the batch number: it affects the shade of the mixture. All purchased cans must be under the same number in order to exclude any color variation on the ceiling surface.

Required tools

To paint and prepare the ceiling surface, you will need to purchase a number of tools, which you cannot do without during all work.

The main tool for coating is the paint roller. The quality of the coating depends on the correct choice of this tool.

Today there are many rollers of various sizes and materials. Foam rollers are the least suitable for applying paint, as bubbles can form on the ceiling surface due to the porosity of the material. The velor spinning base allows for an economical use of the mixture, but such rollers require perfect surface preparation.

The best option is a roller with a fur base. where the pile can be either medium or above medium length. The short-nap roller is not able to absorb the required amount of paint, so you will have to dip it into the paint more often. Rollers with long pile have a different problem: they absorb too much emulsion. Because of this, smudges may form on the surface.

Rollers are used to paint a large surface area, and in order to paint over hard-to-reach places (corners, seams, joints), it is better to use brushes of small width. As a rule, a pile base width of 4 cm is sufficient.

You can also apply paint with a very convenient device - a spray gun. This tool is not only easy to use, but also allows you to apply a layer of paint quite smoothly and quickly.

But it is worth remembering that a spray gun is more expensive than a regular roller. If painting the ceiling is not your main activity, then it is better to limit yourself to buying cheaper tools.

Using a brush or roller, a cuvette is indispensable. It helps to economically use paint. This container consists of two compartments. In one, the paint is poured, and the other with a corrugated side allows it to be distributed over the entire surface of the roller base. The paint lies flat on the ceiling surface without smudges, excess mixture remains in the cuvette.

An important device when painting the ceiling is a stepladder. The presence of a stepladder allows you to approach the ceiling surface at the most convenient distance. But do not forget that the ladder will have to be moved from time to time. In order to facilitate the work, you can use a special roller with a telescopic handle.

A stepladder or a table paired with a stool will help not only with painting, but also with preparing the surface for it. The stable classic version of the table with four legs will perfectly support the weight of a person.

To prepare the ceiling surface, you will need plastic wrap. By covering all surfaces and furniture that cannot be removed, splashes of paint can be avoided.

Other tools may also be required for preparatory work. Cleaning and further preparation is carried out with a spatula, sandpaper, a bucket and a foam sponge.

Preparation

Before preparatory work, you need to understand one rule: any old coating needs to be removed, since there is a high probability of peeling off the old paint when applying a new coating. Regardless of whether the old layer holds well or badly, and what kind of paint was on the ceiling.

A properly prepared ceiling covering is the key to a flat, smooth surface without the slightest flaws. As preparatory measures, it is necessary, if possible, to take out the existing furniture in the room and cover the open surfaces with foil or old newspapers. You can use masking tape to fix the protective coatings. Now you should start preparing the ceiling, using suitable tools for these works.

How do I clean the surface?

Ceiling cleaning is always done depending on the type of paint. Surfaces coated with water-based paints or wallpaper are easiest to clean. Solvent-based ceilings are more difficult to clean, but will still have to be removed.

Any cleaning should begin by dampening the surface using a roller or hand spray.

In order to remove the easily lagging old layer, it is enough to keep the surface in a damp state for 20-30 minutes. For layers that are difficult to lag, it is better to increase the dampening time, and to facilitate the task, you can open windows and doors in the room, making a draft.

The swollen layer of paint must be cleaned off with a spatula. With solvent-based paints, it will not be possible to quickly clean the surface, you have to tinker. For relief, solvents or other agents may be used to aid in the treatment of the surface.

Then it is necessary to wash off the remnants of paint or wallpaper using water and a sponge. The dried surface must be carefully examined for the presence of various stains. You can use effective remedies to remove them. These include a 3% hydrochloric acid solution, a 5% copper sulfate solution and a composition in which lime with denatured alcohol is present in an amount of 50 ml.

How to make the base flat?

In order to level the ceiling surface and give it a smooth shape, it is necessary to use a fine-grained gypsum plaster. It is flexible and adheres well to all materials. First you need to treat the ceiling with a primer. In addition, existing cracks need to be putty.

Then you can proceed to the continuous application of the putty. using a special wide spatula. A spatula is also used to take the mixture from the container, but its surface has a narrower base than the main tool. With a product with a narrow base, the mixture is collected, and then transferred to the main instrument. Only then is it applied to the ceiling surface.

At the end of the leveling process, you need to wait for the surface to dry. Then you can start sanding the ceiling. For this work, a special abrasive mesh with fine meshes is used. Thanks to this cellular structure, the surface becomes even and very smooth.

Primer application

Ceiling surface treatment prior to direct emulsion application is a must. The emulsion adheres better to the ceiling surface. In addition, the likelihood of the appearance of such defects as cracks and swelling of the applied layer is excluded.

Each emulsion has its own type of primer. The basic substances involved in the formation of a film on the surface must be identical to those contained in the primer. But you can prepare a solution for priming the surface yourself. To do this, you just need to dilute the prepared paint with water in equal proportions.

For 1 liter of paint, 1 liter of water is taken, everything is thoroughly mixed. You can start priming using a roller for a larger area and a brush for corners and joints.

It is better to prime the surface several times. Typically, two times are sufficient to prepare the ceiling for paint application. After each primer, it is necessary to wait until the layer is completely dry.

How to dilute the material?

Before painting, it is imperative to check the consistency of the mixture. Water-based paint is poured by manufacturers into cans, which indicate how much water needs to be added before use. As a rule, water must be added immediately before painting, after stirring the contents of the can. The amount of water added to the container should not exceed 10% of the total mass of the emulsion.

The degree of concentration also depends on the type of painting tools used. For a spray gun, paint should be diluted in a larger amount than for a regular roller or brush.

The mixing and dilution process should be done slowly and gradually. Water is poured into the container in small portions, mixed thoroughly. There should be no lumps or lumps in the mixture. Before painting the main surface, it is advisable to check the consistency of the prepared emulsion in a small area. Only then can you start the main painting.

There is an indicator that affects the cost of work and the density of the layer. Different types of emulsions have their own consumption per 1 m2.

This table shows the consumption for the first coat applied to the ceiling surface. Less paint is required for the second layer, so all of the above indicators have lower values:

Dyeing technology

Observing certain rules and following step-by-step instructions, you can achieve high-quality coating of the ceiling surface with your own hands.

Any painting, as a rule, starts from a certain place. The ceiling surface is no exception. In this case, you first need to paint the joints of the ceiling plate with the wall, starting from the far corner relative to the door. To do this, you need to use a paintbrush to walk along the perimeter of the surface. The width of the painted surface should be at least 5 cm. Such a margin will help protect problem areas from excess paint.

The main stage of the work is carried out in three passes. The appearance of the surface depends on the direction in which the layer will lie.

The main application of the layer should start perpendicular to the window opening. The starting point is at the window. In the next step, paint should be applied in a different direction, namely parallel to the window. The final layer should be applied in the direction of the window, starting from the doorway.

After applying the first layer of emulsion, it is necessary to withstand a certain time. Typically, the ceiling surface dries for at least 8-12 hours. The second coat should not be applied earlier than the specified date.

When drying the ceiling, it is worth excluding the possibility of sunlight hitting the surface. In addition, during this period it is worth taking care of the absence of drafts, otherwise spots may form on the surface, and the ceiling will have to be repainted.

Do not forget that the use of additional heating devices to speed up drying will lead to disastrous results. It is optimal to carry out drying in natural conditions.

Step by step, the process of painting the ceiling is as follows:

A small amount of the paint, stirred and brought to a certain consistency, is poured from the can into the cuvette. The prepared roller is moistened in the mixture and then, for uniform distribution of the composition, is carried out over the corrugated surface.
The layer overlay starts from the far corner located on the left side of the window opening. We carefully paint over the ceiling. After the first run, we change the direction, while monitoring the quality of the layer. Correctly applied layer should be uniform, without visible transitions.
If excess paint appears on the surface, then they can be removed by rolling a roller over the corrugated surface of the cuvette.
Before the third time, you can change the rotating part of the roller to a new one. This will help improve the quality of the layer.

Can I paint over whitewash?

Very often people have a question: is it possible to paint the ceiling surface if it has an old layer of whitewash that adheres well? How will the new emulsion lay down? Will it last for a long time?

It is better to clean the surface from the old layer, but if it has a low density and holds firm enough, and the surface itself is free from defects, then the ceiling can be painted without removing the previous layer. Such an approach to surface painting will even save not only money, but also the time required to apply the second layer of the emulsion.

But there are some nuances that must be considered before applying paint. For better adhesion, the old coat should be primed.

It makes no sense to paint the ceiling according to the old whitewash, if it has even small spots of rust or ordinary smudges on it.

It is better to clean off a thick layer of old whitewash to prevent shedding or peeling of the new layer of paint.

Painting the ceiling takes a lot of time, so every person wants the process to go through without additional waste of money and effort, and the result is pleasing. But sometimes excesses do happen. In order to avoid some mistakes, there are a number of recommendations, following which you can avoid many problems.

In order to paint the ceiling without streaks and ugly stripes, you need to keep track of the time. It is better to allocate no more than 20 minutes for painting the surface.

After this time, the water contained in the emulsion begins to evaporate intensively, and visible transitions can form at the joints of the dried layer.

The presence of good lighting makes it possible to view the painted surface from any angle. You need to turn on the lighting even in the daytime. So you can control the places where paint is applied, without missing even a small area. It is also worth remembering about the heating system, it is better to cover the batteries.

But sometimes the paint is unevenly distributed over the surface, after which areas with different shades from the rest of the surface are formed. To eliminate such an error, it is imperative to observe the directionality when staining.

You should not immediately correct such an oversight: you need to wait time, let the layer dry. Only then can problem areas be painted over.

Re-painting is not always able to correct the situation, so sometimes you have to clean problem areas with sandpaper. Only a new coat of paint will help to freshen the surface. If all efforts are in vain, then you will have to repaint the ceiling again, and the surface must be cleaned and washed again before painting.

For information on how to properly prepare and paint the ceiling with water-based paint, see the next video.

Water-based paint is ideal for painting ceilings. It is not too expensive, but it looks very neat. However, of course, the surface will look spectacular only if the required processing technologies are strictly observed. Further in the article, we will consider how to paint the ceiling without streaks.

Reasons for the appearance of stains

After drying of such paint, various kinds of defects often appear on the ceiling. First of all, these are spots that are clearly visible at unequal angles or when using different light sources. Unfortunately, this defect is considered difficult to fix. The fact is that when painting spots, the unevenness of the coating usually only intensifies, which aggravates the situation. And therefore, when such defects appear, the work on finishing the ceiling most often has to be done again. In order to avoid such a problem, you should first of all carry out the correct preparation for staining.

How to choose a roller

So let's see, water-based paint without streaks. And first, let's figure out how to choose the right tool to perform this operation. Accurately painting the ceiling can only be done using a roller. The brush will definitely leave streaks and slight streaks. A long nap roller is most suitable for water-based paint. With such a tool, you can apply the composition as evenly as possible. In this case, foam and velor rollers are absolutely not suitable, since after them ugly "pores" can remain on the surface.

How to stir the paint correctly

Dilute products such as water-based paints for interior use only according to the instructions on the label. In most cases, no more than 10% of water is allowed to be added to this type of paint. Otherwise, the composition will turn out to be very liquid, and it will not be possible to paint over the ceilings. Water can be poured directly into the paint can. Add a little of it, constantly mixing the composition. For the last operation, it is best to use an electric drill with a special attachment.

How to color paint correctly

Traditionally, ceilings are treated with white water emulsion. However, coatings with a light shade also look very impressive: pink, blue, green. Those who wish to decorate the ceiling in this way, be sure to first familiarize yourself with the rules for tinting water emulsion. They are as follows:

The shade of paint should be selected with the lighting that will be used most often in the room. In this case, it is worth using a special tinting card.

The selected color should be added immediately to the entire volume of paint necessary for decorating the ceilings in the apartment. Otherwise, the surface will definitely turn out to be spotty.

Stir the color in the paint only with a drill and for a rather long time - at least 10 minutes.

How to apply paint to a roller

How to properly apply a water-based emulsion to the ceiling, we will consider a little below. Now let's figure out what the technology is for recruiting the composition onto the roller itself. Of course, in order for the ceiling to be neat, this procedure must be performed correctly. The roller must be completely covered with paint. However, dipping it whole in a bucket, of course, is not worth it. It is very easy to paint correctly on this tool. The roller should be lightly dipped in paint and rolled out on some hard surface. This can be, for example, a piece of plywood, linoleum or plastic. If necessary, the rolling procedure can be repeated twice.

Sometimes experienced painters do things differently. In this case, some paint is simply poured into the tray. Further, the roller is periodically rolled over a surface specially created for this during the processing of the ceiling.

How without streaks and right

Of course, there is also a certain technology for applying the composition to the surface. The roller itself should be taken quite wide. This will allow you to do the work not only efficiently, but also quickly. You can trim the ceiling from a stepladder or from a high table.

Actually, the very answer to the question of how to paint the ceiling with a roller is simple. The basic rules for performing this procedure are as follows:

First of all, the perimeter of the room is painted over with a strip about 10 cm wide. To perform this procedure, it is best to use an appropriate brush.

Rub the paint over the surface with a roller as thoroughly as possible. When painting, you need to ensure that no drops remain on the ceiling.

In the process of processing, you should get off the ladder from time to time and inspect the surface from different angles. Thus, you can achieve the most uniform coloration.

Water-based paints for interior work are usually applied in at least two layers. In this case, before painting the surface a second time, wait until the ceiling is completely dry. The water emulsion dries pretty quickly. Layers should be applied in such a way that the first is perpendicular to the second. In this case, you will get a more uniform design. Painting should be done so that the second layer is carried out in the direction of the rays of light from the window.

What else you need to know

Water-based paint is an excellent answer to the question of how to paint the ceiling in a room. However, in order to get the most accurate surface, among other things, you should follow these rules:

You only need to buy new paint. The old one may have an uneven consistency.

Before painting, check the roller. The villi of this instrument should never lag behind.

Seams and unevenness on the ceiling should be eliminated before painting, and the surface itself should be primed.

Paint price

Of course, many apartment owners are also worried about how much it costs to paint the ceiling with a water emulsion. The price for this product is really very low. So, for example, a 3-liter can costs about 150-170 rubles. This amount is enough to process ceilings with an area of about 30 m 2 in one layer. On a standard two-room Khrushchev, therefore, you will need no more than 2 three-liter cans or 300-400 rubles.

So, we have figured out how to paint the ceiling with water-based paint without streaks. As you can see, this procedure is relatively simple. The main thing is to correctly carry out the preparatory work, choose a good tool and not violate the technology for applying the composition to the surface.

Starting to renovate their home, whether it be a city apartment or a house in the countryside, everyone understands that the most difficult stage in this case will be finishing the ceiling. Modern companies specializing in apartment renovation offer a wide variety of options for this: finishing with ceiling tiles or wallpaper, suspended or suspended ceilings, etc. But not every householder can afford their services. Therefore, do it yourself is still relevant.

Until recently, this type of ceiling decoration, such as. But with the development of new repair technologies, this method is used less and less. This is due to the fact that, despite its cheapness and the harmonious combination of a snow-white ceiling with an interior of any type, many are not satisfied with the complexity of the preparatory work. In addition, the whitewashed surface quickly becomes dirty and loses its attractive appearance.

Today, painting the ceiling with water-based paint continues to be one of the most popular ways to finish it. Unlike whitewashing, the surface painted with it retains its aesthetic appearance for a longer time. In addition, it allows for quick and easy maintenance of the ceiling surface.

This is one of the cheapest repair methods. By its composition, this paint is a suspension based on polymer particles and pigment substances dissolved in water. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that after application to the surface, intense evaporation of water occurs, and the polymers form a coating with high resistance to moisture. Water-based paint is an environmentally friendly material that does not cause allergic reactions and negative effects on the human body.

The choice of water-based paint for the ceiling

If you decide that the best option for you is to paint the ceiling with your own hands using water-based paint, then you have a difficult task: choose from a huge assortment of goods that would suit you in price and quality. Today on the consumer market you can find emulsion paints with various additives:

acrylic,
acrylic with the addition of latex,
based on polyvinyl acetate,
with a silicone or silicate base,
with a mineral composition.

The cheapest of them are - polyvinyl acetate... But they can only be used in dry rooms. Ceilings painted with this paint cannot be washed.

Latex paints- the most expensive. They have a number of advantages, such as the possibility of wet cleaning with the use of detergents, obtaining a smooth, beautiful surface, etc.

Acrylic water-based paints- the most demanded. They can be used in almost any room and are highly resistant to abrasion during washing.

Silicate paints(liquid glass) are widely used for painting plastered, stone or concrete surfaces.

How to choose a water-based paint so that it has high strength characteristics, gives a beautiful surface after staining, etc. From the names of the paint cans for sale, it is difficult to understand how one type differs from another, and what are their advantages. Moreover, the seller himself often tries to sell first of all goods that are more expensive, without thinking too much about its quality.

Read the label

Therefore, in order not to be mistaken with the choice, you should carefully read what is written in the annotation, on the label of the can with water-based paint. In it, the manufacturer indicates:

What type of work is it intended for,
What is the consumption of paint per square meter (which is very important for determining the required amount),
The degree of coverage (the ability of the paint to cover a dark background with white, in the form of a continuous canvas),
Its resistance to abrasion during wet cleaning, etc.

Be sure to pay attention to what is written in small print. Most often, the basic information about the technical characteristics of the paint is concluded there. For example, if the annotation says that the paint has:

"High resistance to dry abrasion"- this means that the surface painted with such paint cannot be washed, but you can only wipe it with a dry cloth or use a vacuum cleaner.
"Use in dry rooms with reduced operating load"... This inscription indicates that the water emulsion is not suitable for painting kitchens with a large amount of greasy fumes from cooked food, as well as in bathrooms with high humidity.
"High resistance to abrasion, indelible"- a ceiling painted with this paint can be washed with water without using detergents.
"Possesses dirt-repellent properties, high resistance to abrasion during intensive washing"... This is the best type of water-based paint. Surfaces covered with this type of paint may be washed with mild detergents.

Water-based paints can be glossy and semi-gloss, matte and semi-matte. The difference lies in the fact that matte paints slightly mask small surface defects and visually increase the height of the room. But they are difficult to wash. The surface covered with glossy paint is easier to clean, it is more resistant to abrasion, but small cracks and other ceiling imperfections are visible on it. The best option is the choice of semi-gloss or semi-gloss paint.

Another important point. You need to purchase water-based paint in a store that has an insulated warehouse. The fact is that when it freezes, the structure of the paint is disturbed, which is no longer restored when it thaws. This means that the purchased paint has lost all its useful properties.

It is recommended to use a water-based paint, the purpose of which is to paint the ceiling. It spreads well over the surface, practically does not drip and has excellent adhesion.

Preparing the ceiling for painting

Before you start painting the ceiling surface with water-based paint, you need to carry out preparatory work. First, you need to free it from whitewash or layers of old paint. To get rid of chalky or lime whitewash, you will need to moisten it abundantly with water using a paint roller, and then scrape it off using a chisel or steel spatula. Finally, wash the ceiling with a sponge.

Removing the old paint coat

To update a ceiling painted with water-based paint, it will take much more time for preparatory work. This is due to the fact that the process of removing the previous paint itself is quite laborious, since the layers of old paint practically do not dissolve in water, and therefore it is not possible to completely scrape them off the ceiling. Most often, this work comes down to removing areas of peeling paint with a spatula.

To facilitate this not entirely pleasant work, you can use this technique: moisten the old coating with plenty of water using a water spray or foam roller. Repeat this procedure twice with an interval of twenty minutes. The moisture should soak well the old coating. Then you need to create a draft by opening all doors and windows. A layer swollen from water forms bulges, and it will not be difficult to remove the old water-based paint with a spatula.

This work must be done very quickly so that the surface to be treated does not have time to dry out. After that, it is necessary to treat stains from smudges and rust with a 5% solution of copper sulfate. If there are stubborn stains on the ceiling, use one of the following:

a solution of hydrochloric acid, two or three percent concentration (gently, trying not to get acid on the skin, wipe the stains);
a solution of 20 parts of crushed lime, diluted with one part of drying oil,
a thick solution of water and lime with the addition of denatured alcohol (about 50 ml).

Any of the last two mixtures is applied for 10-15 minutes on contamination. Repeat until they are completely removed. Usually two procedures are enough.

If whitewashing was applied to your ceiling before the current repair - (in the same place you will find information on how to find out what the ceiling was painted with earlier).

Ceiling alignment

As soon as the ceiling surface is completely cleaned, it is necessary to level it. A thin-layer putty is best suited for this, which has good adhesion properties, has excellent plasticity and gives a smooth surface that can be easily sanded with fine-grained emery paper. Apply the filler to the ceiling using a putty knife.

Often, the ceiling is leveled by applying a special whitewash putty on an oil-glue basis, which is evenly distributed over the surface using a roller, brush or spatula. Before that, it is necessary to close up all the cracks and cracks in the ceiling, filling them with the prepared composition. In order for the putty to completely fill the gaps, they need to be widened a little before applying it.

Primer

The next preparatory operation is surface priming, which is performed with the same paint. It is applied in a thin layer. It is allowed to dry well so that the putty does not come off.

The main stage of painting

Painting tools

To perform a high-quality painting of the ceiling with paint based on an aqueous emulsion, you will need:

paint brush for painting butt joints between the wall and ceiling, as well as corners;
narrow brush for correcting;
fur, long-haired roller,
bath for paint,
ribbed surface for even paint distribution over the roller surface.

Staining rules

just as with chalk whitewashing, it is better to apply the first layer of paint parallel to the rays of light from the window, and the second - parallel to the window frame

Many do not know how to paint the ceiling with water-based paint correctly. In most cases, they do not take into account during painting, the direction of the luminous flux and many other nuances. Therefore, the painted surface is uneven, with stripes from the passage of a brush or roller, with lighter or darker spots. To prevent this from happening to you, follow these rules.

It is always necessary to start painting from the corners and joints between the wall and the ceiling. In this case, the farthest corner relative to the entrance door is painted first. To do this, a wide paint brush is moistened halfway in the paint, then squeezed out slightly to remove excess. A passage is made around the entire perimeter, with a width of 3 to 5 cm. Due to this, with further painting with a roller, the joints of the ceiling and walls, as well as the corners, will not be damaged.
The main whitewashing of the ceiling with water-based paint is performed with a roller. It is applied in three passes, regardless of what type of paint is selected. In this case, the very first paint pass is performed parallel to the rays of light falling from the window. The second is perpendicular to it. The latter should always be directed towards the window.
Each subsequent staining is carried out only on the well-dried previous layer. This takes 8 to 12 hours.

Painting technology

In a tray filled with paint, moisten the roller and run it three to four times over a rough surface. This will allow the paint to spread evenly over the roller.
Make the first pass on the ceiling section. Starting from the corner on the left side of the wall opposite the window.
It is necessary to move the roller from left to right. Then change direction. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the paint lays down in an even layer, without visible transitions. You can move the roller and W-shaped movements.
The following technique will help to remove the excess of the applied paint: when there is no paint left on the roller, pass it along the painted surface. He will absorb all the surplus.
In the process of painting, check the quality of the painting using a directed bright beam of light.
Using a new roller during the last painting will give a uniform surface.
Until the paint is completely dry, no drafts are allowed in the room. It is advisable to protect the painted surface from direct sunlight. This will avoid staining. Do not try to dry the painted surface with electrical appliances.

Features of painting a plastered surface

The plastering ceiling can be painted using a special spray gun or a regular vacuum cleaner. They give a high-quality, uniform distribution of paint on the plastered ceiling surface. At the same time, it lays down in a thin, even layer. It is best to paint with a spray gun on a primer already made with a roller or brush.

Most often, attention is paid to the beauty and decor of the walls, unreasonably forgetting about the huge influence of the ceiling on the overall perception of the interior. If we consider all the volumes of the room from the point of view of a surface open to the eye, then, unlike walls with furniture, the ceiling is completely open. Accordingly, it is the largest area of a room or room that can be seen. Whatever the quality, design and amount of money spent on wall decoration, it is impossible to create a good interior without a beautiful ceiling.

Painting is the final part of the design of the ceiling surface. Of course, you shouldn't consider lime whitewashing as a painting medium these days. As you know, it has properties to crumble, is easily contaminated and is inferior to modern paints in all respects. The industry has stepped forward for a long time, and the most modern means for painting ceiling surfaces is water-based paint. From the point of view of decorativeness, a matte finish will suit any interior. You can easily add any shade to your ceiling using special pigments. For example, giving it a warm shade for the most complete impression and coziness of the room. You can use colder shades to give the room a more spacious and airy feel. And, of course, the timeless classic - the white matte ceiling. Next, we will talk in detail about the features of the operation and application of water-based paint.

Ceiling paint features

The popularity of painting the ceiling with water-based paint is due to its properties:

non-toxicity;
no obvious smell;
the ability to apply over the old coating;
high ease of use.

Even an inexperienced craftsman can use it to paint a ceiling surface. The equipment required for the work is simple and easy to clean at the end of the work. If necessary, the paint can be thinned with water to obtain the desired consistency. It is permissible to use specialized tinting pigments to give different color shades required by the interior design. We also note the low cost of this product in the market of goods for finishing works. The combination of these properties has made water-based paint the most popular for many years.

Preparing to paint the ceiling

Before starting work on applying paint, a number of preparatory work should be carried out. This will help you avoid additional complications and wasted time. To begin with, a thorough examination of the surface is carried out using special lighting "at an angle". With this method, you can notice all the flaws and better assess the condition of the surface under investigation.

In the case of severe defects, additional work must be carried out to level the surface. Rough irregularities, bumps and cracks cannot be repaired with paint alone. We'll have to allocate additional time to eliminate such flaws. In this case, additional costs will arise for the purchase of leveling materials and appropriate tools. Old paint must be removed as well. Only after the end of the process of leveling the ceiling and drying it will it be possible to proceed to the next stage.

Painting over the old layer

It often happens that old paint is in a satisfactory condition, does not flake off, but only has an unsuitable color shade. If the ceiling surface does not have visible cracks, potholes and waves, the ceiling can be painted over the old paint, thereby significantly reducing the time and money spent on the entire complex of work. If the ceiling already had a layer of water-based paint, and at the same time there are islands of material peeling on the surface, do not be discouraged. Unlike whitewashing, old water-based paint does not need to be removed completely. It is enough to restrict ourselves to surface cleaning of the exfoliated segments, and you can safely proceed to the next stage - painting over the old coating.

The stage preceding the direct painting of the ceiling is the application of a primer. There are no special requirements here. In stores, there is a wide selection of primers suitable as a base for water-based emulsion. The price category of this product is also low and affordable.

The choice of water-based paint

The type of paint we are considering is a suspension of water-based particles. Simply put, an aqueous emulsion is an aqueous emulsion consisting of pigment particles and a binder base. Such a composition is extremely stable in its form and is difficult to disintegrate from external influences.

Consider the main types of water-based paint:

Acrylic based.
On a silicate base;
Silicone based;
Mineral based.

The most common and in demand is acrylic-based paint. As the name implies, this paint contains acrylic resins in its composition, providing a balance of price and quality. The addition of latex substances gives the whole composition the property of elasticity. This ability ensures the closure of cracks on the treated surface. The size of cracks that such paint can handle is no more than 1 millimeter. The increase in price provided by the latex supplement is also worth noting.

The silicone binder gives the paint an increase in water resistance and impermeability. Accordingly, this type of product should be chosen for surfaces of rooms with high humidity and dampness. For example, for a bathroom ceiling, it fits perfectly. In the composition of the paint, as the name implies, silicone resins are added, which determine these features. The size of the cracks that the product in question is able to cope with already increases to 2 millimeters. The cost, respectively, is higher.

The most unpopular type of water-based emulsion is a paint based on a mineral binder. The flaw lies in the fragility of the surface created by this product. The reason for the composition is the content of slaked lime or even cement. The cost of goods is the lowest among other representatives of finishing materials.

So, the choice is not difficult. The modern industrial field provides all the possibilities for finding the most suitable option for your goals. When buying a water-based paint, you should pay attention to the marking - covering. The higher the number, the fewer coats you will need to apply to the ceiling to achieve perfect results. On the label, the manufacturer often indicates the recommended areas in which the painting can achieve the best result.

Stages of work

If we paint the ceiling over an old finish, the preparatory stage will take a minimum of time. You just need to remove the peeled elements of the ceiling, if necessary, putty it, filling up all the cracks and crevices, potholes. Next, a layer of primer is applied, and after it has completely dried, we can finally start painting the ceiling.

If you've primed your ceiling in the morning, it's time to start painting in the afternoon. By this time, the primer is completely dry. It is reasonable to apply the second layer of water-based paint in the morning of the next day.

Sequencing.

Reading time ≈ 9 minutes

In an apartment, this is the most affordable finishing method today. High-quality and modern materials are able to get a stunning effect. Whitewashing is a thing of the past, and water-based or acrylic paint allows you to decorate the surface in any tone and emphasize the dignity of the interior. Let's consider how to properly paint the ceiling with paint so that the decorative coating is durable and retains an attractive appearance for a long time.

Choosing a special paint

In a hardware store, it is easy to get lost in the variety of different water-dispersible and soluble ceiling paints. Of the large abundance of species, the most common can be distinguished:

Acrylic. One of the most demanded and popular types of paint among many builders and craftsmen, it does not require a lot of consumption when painting. To make the ceiling pure white, you only need to apply two coats. The paint has an elastic structure, lends itself to tinting (mixing to find the desired shade), versatile, environmentally friendly and not harmful to health, resistant to abrasion, durable, easy to clean, it can be wiped with a damp cloth and washed, is resistant to moisture and ultraviolet radiation, has vapor barrier properties. This type of paint does not emit toxic substances, has no smell, perfectly tightens small cracks and removes all defects on the surface. A feature of acrylic is its darkening after drying, this should be remembered when choosing a color in a store.
Latex. The most expensive type of paints, it has a powerful water-repellent effect. The painted surface can be washed many times with soapy water, the paint easily tightens up microcracks, is resistant to moisture, abrasion and mechanical damage. The downside is the low level of lightfastness, as well as difficult cleansing when removed. Latex paint is excellent for embossed surfaces, it has a thin elastic matte layer. The coating is porous in structure and therefore allows the material under the paint to breathe. The composition of the paint includes polymer fillers, so when painting it does not drip from the ceiling, is easy to use and does not flake off.
Water-based. To better understand how to paint the ceiling with water-based paint, you need to have an idea of its properties. This type is widespread among craftsmen and beginners, as it is not toxic and does not pose any harm to health. In addition, this paint does not emit fumes and does not have a specific odor. It is practical and versatile, suitable for almost any surface except glossy paint. Easily washed off with soapy water, if necessary, suitable for further staining. This is a budget option for simple renovations, since the cost of the paint is not great.
Silicone. They are made on the basis of silicone resins, combine the properties of organic and mineral coatings, they can be called a new generation of paints. This type is able to create a strong and elastic coating, tighten the smallest cracks and hide irregularities, remove microscopic defects on the ceiling, is vapor-proof, resistant to abrasion and moisture. This paint has water-repellent properties, so it is not afraid of pollution. It is environmentally friendly and safe for health, does not emit toxic vapors and substances, is easy to clean and work, and is durable. Silicone paint has a fairly high cost, which really justifies its high quality indicators. To learn how to paint your ceiling with streak-free paint, be sure to purchase silicone pigment. So the surface will be even and smooth, without any smudges and defects.
Silicate. This type is suitable for ceilings in technical rooms and large industrial plants. The paint is able to protect the surface from the risk of mold formation, does not require additional antiseptic treatment, is suitable for swimming pools, garages, basements, warehouses, porches, etc. The basis for the manufacture of this type of paint is taken from liquid glass (silicate), therefore, these dyes have high bactericidal and antiseptic properties.
Mineral. In the manufacture of this type, cement or slaked lime is used as a basis. In terms of properties and appearance, the paint is similar to an ordinary whitewash, it is moisture-proof.
Polyvinyl acetate. Made on the basis of PVA glue, durable, moisture resistant. However, this type of paint can leave marks during application and is not easily erased, so you should be as careful and accurate as possible when painting.

As for the aesthetic side of the issue, ceiling paints are divided into:

How to choose a tool

The convenience and quality of tools for work determines the comfort of the staining process and the final result. The most important and necessary tool for painting a ceiling is a roller. There are many models that differ from each other not only in technological properties and functionality, but also in cost and quality indicators. The most common ones are:

To understand how to properly paint the ceiling with a roller, when choosing a tool, you need to pay attention to the following nuances:

Check the quality of the tool by carefully examining all seams and joints on the material. They should be almost invisible.
When choosing a fluffy roller, pay attention to the villi, pull on them and see if some of them remain in your hand.
Remember that paint quality will also be affected by the absorbency of the roller. Therefore, check the manufacturer's data.

In addition to a paint roller for painting the ceiling, you will need:

Painting bath (tray with a raised bottom for rolling out the roller).
Fine sandpaper.
Small spatula.
Masking paper tape.
Polyethylene film.
Stepladder or wide table.
Paint brushes of different sizes.

Cooking the surface

The ceiling should be thoroughly cleaned of old traces of finishing: paint, plaster or. All protrusions must be carefully knocked down and cleaned off. If cracks are present, apply a little primer and then cover the surface with a finishing coat of putty. If there are strong differences in height and unevenness on the ceiling, you will have to use plaster for leveling. In this case, it is necessary to plaster in several layers in order to achieve the smoothest possible surface. The ceiling should be putty in the direction from the corner to the opposite wall. When the putty is dry, it is primed and then painted. How to properly prepare the surface and paint the ceiling with paint is shown in this video.

Primer

Applying a primer to the ceiling is a mandatory and important step in the preparatory phase. Thus, you will fix the result of the putty or other old surface, increase adhesion, and provide protection for the future paint layer from immediate moisture absorption. The primer is also able to protect the surface from possible mold and mildew growth. The application process is simple, care should be taken to ensure that no excess and unnecessary drops of soil remain on the ceiling.

The ceiling is usually primed in two layers, after which it is worth waiting for the primer to dry completely. Then the surface must be sanded and all construction dust removed with a brush and a clean dry cloth.

At the stage of preparing the ceiling, do not forget about the following nuances:

Dyeing process

The ceiling is leveled and free of dust, which means it is ready for painting. Water-based paint must be diluted, based on the proportions indicated on the package, and mixed thoroughly to a thick and uniform consistency.