Growing peach in the middle lane from the seed. Rules for growing peach from seed at home

Many novice gardeners believe that the cultivation of fruit trees from seed is the lot of breeders or industrialists. This is not true! Almost any fruit tree can be grown in this way. Including peach. This southern fruit tree gradually ceases to be such, every year moving further and further north. What do you need to grow a peach from a stone? In fact, a little.

• Choose the right seed.
• Choose a landing method and strictly observe the technology.
• Desire and faith in success.

Growing a peach tree from a stone

Selection of planting material

Looking ahead, I note that it is best to germinate peach seeds in a covered ground. That is, in an ordinary container or flower pot in a room. In such conditions, even the bone of the fruit brought from the hottest south can germinate. But for you, such a seedling will be absolutely useless. He will not survive in your climatic conditions. Therefore, the peach kernel should be taken from the fruit of a tree grown specifically in your climatic zone. Ideally, it will be a fruit from the tree of your neighbor, growing and bearing fruit for several years. You can look for such fruits in the market. But the probability of running into the wrong material is high. Shop peaches, for seed germination, are almost always unsuitable.

Note!  The fruit should be removed only from the root peach tree. Peaches from grafted branches are unsuitable for propagation!

According to statistics, only a quarter of the planted seeds are able to shoot and survive in the growth process. Therefore, do not limit yourself to one or two bones. Try to get them as many as possible.

Methods for growing peach from stone

There are several ways. You can rely on luck, and just dig it in the fall in a secluded corner of the garden. But you need to have great luck and a lot of peach seeds, so that this method will bring results. This is not our method. We will germinate peach bones in closed ground at home.

Method one

This method is closest to the natural process. When it is used. That is, keeping the planting material in cold and humid conditions. In fact - an imitation of winter conditions. For this, the lower compartment of the refrigerator is quite suitable.
  Stratifying peach bones is best in moist coarse sand or perlite. Pure peat can also be used. As utensils, ordinary technical flower pots with large drainage holes are suitable. Peach bones are deepened to a depth of 5 - 8 centimeters. Then the pot is placed in a plastic bag, in which several small openings for air access must first be made. The process of seed germination with this method can take up to four months. Throughout this period, check the moisture content of the sand (perlite, peat). It should always be slightly moist. When the seeds sprout, they can be taken out of the refrigerator. Then they are transplanted into fertile, light soil. You can use the same pots. You can not bring them immediately to a warm place. Provide them with good lighting and a temperature within +10 degrees (on the loggia, for example). In a week they can be brought into the room. Watering should be moderate - as the topsoil dries up.

This method of germinating peach seeds, the most effective, giving the highest percentage of germination.

Second way

Simplified or "warm." With this method, preliminary preparation of planting material will be required. First of all, peach bones must go through the process of accelerated stratification in the same refrigerator, but already on the upper shelves. It will be enough 7 - 10 days. After this, it is advisable to scarify the peach bones. Scarification is a violation of the integrity of the hard shell of the seed. How to do this, you can see - "". Scarified bone is placed in a solution of any stimulant (Epin, Heteroauxin, Kornevin) for several hours. Peach bones prepared in this way are planted immediately in a light nutrient mixture to a depth of 5 - 8 centimeters. To create a greenhouse effect, the pot is covered with a piece of transparent material or a transparent cap (glass jar, for example). Germination should take place in a warm, bright place. With this method, the process of germinating peach seeds also takes a lot of time - up to four months. After the appearance of the sprouts, the cap is removed.

Third way

Quick. The essence of this method is to extract the kernel from the peach kernel. It doesn't matter how you do it. The main thing is to do everything very carefully, without damaging the kernel. Place the extracted grain in a glass of warm water. There it will spend several days until it swells. Change the water in a glass every day. Usually three days is enough for the grain to swell and visually increase in size. After that, it is planted in a pot with fertile soil to a depth of 4 - 5 centimeters, covered with a film or a glass cover and placed in a bright, warm place. Such a peach seed will grow much faster.

Note!  Regardless of the method chosen, at all stages of germination of the peach kernel, do not allow either overdrying or waterlogging of the planting substrate. It should always be slightly moist.

Peach Sprout Care

Land

The most favorable soil for the growth and successful development of peach shoots is light, loose, fertile. It can be composed of two parts of leaf (garden) land, one part of peat, part of humus (greenhouse land) and part of sand (agroperlite).

Temperature

Normal room temperature is quite suitable. But sharp changes in temperature and cold drafts should be avoided.

Lighting

Young seedlings require maximum light, but without direct sunlight. If there is insufficient light, which is relevant for winter and the beginning of spring, provide artificial lighting with phytolamps or white fluorescent lamps.

Watering

Water the peach sprouts regularly, but in moderation.

Peach planting in open ground

Peach seedlings can be planted both in spring and autumn. But if you plan to plant them already this year, then you should refrain from autumn planting. Young peaches should be given time to thoroughly take root and adapt in the open ground. You can wait with planting, growing seedlings during the year at home as a houseplant. But for this you need a cool wintering (+3 - 5 degrees).

The peach landing area should be spacious, well-lit and protected from drafts and cold winds. Also, it should have light and fertile soil without stagnation of water. If necessary, enrich it with the application of humus, compost, organic fertilizers.

In the first couple - three years, young peach trees need increased attention. Regularly loosen the soil around the trunks, water them to preserve moisture. For the winter, be sure to wrap the tree with insulation (sacking works well). To protect the roots, sprinkle a thick layer of fallen leaves, sawdust, and pine spruce around the trunk.

A peach grown from seed will produce fruit in three to four years. And it will already be a tree fully adapted to the conditions of your area.

About growing peach from seed - Video

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Growing exotic tropical trees such as orange, kiwi, pomegranate, is becoming more fashionable among amateur gardeners. They try to “domesticate” other cultures, such as peach. But to go to the store for such a tree is useless. The only way to acquire it is to grow it from the seed yourself. This is not a big deal, from a grower you only need desire, a little patience and the ability to follow the rules and recommendations exactly. The process is time consuming, but very interesting.

Selection of planting material

There is hardly a person who would not like peaches. That is why more and more flower growers, partly following fashion trends, are trying to grow a fruiting tree in their windowsill. But just sticking a peach in the ground and expecting a crop would be at least naive. The procedure is much more complicated, it requires preliminary preparation, the ability to act according to these recommendations, the availability of free time and, of course, desire.

To grow a fruiting peach tree at home is quite a task even for a not too experienced gardener

It is useless to extract seeds from peaches bought at the store and plant them.  There will definitely not be seedlings. The fact is that these fruits are grown very far from Russia (Spain, China, Thailand, Turkey). In order for the crop to endure transportation safely, the fruits are harvested long before the onset of not only biological, but also technical maturity, practically green. In addition, to better preserve and extend the shelf life, peaches are treated with chemicals. The seeds inside the seeds simply do not have time to ripen; talking about germination does not make sense. And the drugs used contribute to the fact that the shell becomes very fragile, easily breaks, bursts in half. By the way, such fruits are not recommended.

Peaches bought in a store cannot be used for planting material

Only peach seeds grown in local farms and in private garden plots can sprout. Therefore, for planting material, you need to go to markets, agricultural fairs, neighbors in the country, and so on. But even the “right” fruit does not guarantee success. Practice shows that, on average, one out of four seeds germinates, and a significant part of the seedlings die within two to three months after emergence. Therefore, planting material is desirable to stock up in excess.

Seeds at home can only be obtained from peach seeds taken from a tree after full maturity

It is also advisable to ask the seller if the peach tree has been grafted. In root plants, the “descendants” fully inherit the varietal characters of the “parent”. And the germination of seeds extracted from grafted peaches is a kind of lottery. Until the first harvest no one can say what the fruits will be.

Even if you can’t get peach fruits at home, you will get a wonderful interior decoration - this tree blooms very beautifully

In principle, peaches of any varieties ripen at home. But if you have a choice, you should give preference to those that are characterized by short stature, early ripeness and the presence of the ability to self pollination. From cultivated in Russia and countries of the former USSR, the varieties Pineapple, Krasnodar, Kiev, Kiev, Mignon early, Redhaven are fully consistent with these characteristics.

Peach Redhaven - an old well-deserved hybrid, bred in the USA, it is quite suitable for growing at home

Video: is it possible to grow a peach from a seed at home

Planting seeds and preparing for it

Peach seeds necessarily require preplant planting. There are several ways that vary in duration, labor, and effectiveness. The fruits from which the bones are extracted must be overripe, but absolutely healthy, without the slightest suspicious symptoms indicating the development of pathogenic fungi, viruses, bacteria or traces that resemble injuries left by insects.

Stratification

Stratification or the so-called cold method is the most common option for pre-planting preparation. Its essence is to imitate “winter” for seeds, creating conditions as close as possible to natural ones. In this case, the natural mechanism of preparing the seed for germination is triggered, chemical reactions begin, in the process complex organic compounds are decomposed into simple components that the embryo is able to use for nutrition and assimilate.

In order for the stratification to be successful, peach bones must be thoroughly cleaned of particles of pulp

In addition to low temperature (2–5ºС), in order for stratification to be successful, peach seeds need to provide good aeration and high air humidity (70% or more). You can put them, for example, in the refrigerator, in a special compartment for storing vegetables and fruits. And also a good solution - a cellar or basement. If winter is expected to be warm and snowy, the tank is simply dug in the garden. They begin preparations in the middle of autumn, calculating the time so that by the time the seeds germinate, it is still quite cold outside.

The temperature in the fruit and vegetable compartment is optimal for stratification of peach seeds

The stratification procedure itself looks like this:

1. Shallow containers are filled with coarse river sand or peat chips. Previously, the substrate must be thoroughly washed and sanitized, steamed, calcined in the oven, held in the freezer. Some gardeners recommend sawdust or moss-sphagnum as a “soil”, but when using them it is very difficult to provide the required humidity.
2. Peach bones, neatly cleaned of slabs of flesh (the latter can cause rot development), are planted in the ground, deepened by 7–9 cm.
3. The container is placed in a paper or transparent plastic bag, having made 3-4 holes in it with a knife, and placed in the refrigerator. The state of the soil is constantly monitored, as it dries, moistening the soil from a finely dispersed atomizer. If condensation occurs, the bag is opened for 5–7 minutes for ventilation.
4. After 10-12 weeks, the seeds will sprout, their shell will open. When this happens, the container is removed from the refrigerator, peaches are planted in individual pots with a diameter of 7–9 cm. The soil is prepared independently by mixing peat crumb, humus and universal soil for indoor plants or leafy soil in approximately equal proportions.
5. Peaches provide enough light by placing them on the south or southwest windowsill. A sharp change in the microclimate should not be allowed. The temperature is raised gradually. For 5-7 days, the seedlings are kept on a glazed loggia, at 10-12ºС. Then they can be brought into the apartment, providing coolness (17–20ºС). All this time, peaches are watered very moderately, only when the soil dries.

Seed extraction

The existing bone is simply gently split, extracting the seeds. If everything is done correctly, seedlings will appear much earlier than with stratification. But due to the complete lack of hardening, such peaches are especially demanding on the conditions of detention, they need perfect care. Plants very poorly tolerate even slight fluctuations in temperature, humidity and so on.

Peach bone is chopped very carefully so as not to damage the seed, even its shell

You need to act like this:

1. Peach bones are washed thoroughly and dried for several days, laid out on linen napkins or paper towels. Then they are very carefully broken using a knife and a hammer. Seeds ("kernels") that have received even the slightest damage in the process can be thrown away right away.
2. The extracted seeds are kept for 3-4 days in water warmed to room temperature, changing fluid every morning. They should swell, having noticeably increased in size.
3. When this happens, peach seeds are planted in individual pots, deepened by 4-5 cm. They create "greenhouse" conditions, tightening containers with plastic wrap, covering with glass.
4. Future peaches are provided with lower heating, darkness, temperature 26–28ºС. Every day for 5-10 minutes the “greenhouse” is opened for ventilation, while erasing the accumulated condensate. Moisturize the soil very mildly and only when it dries. High humidity often provokes the development of rot.
5. As soon as the shoots appear, the “shelter” is removed, the containers are exposed, providing a “day” of at least 12 hours. The requirements for temperature and watering do not change.

The "greenhouse effect" is absolutely necessary so that the peach seeds extracted from the seeds give seedlings

Seed germination in vivo

The simplest option, requiring minimal time and effort. The so-called warm method does not require the creation of a special microclimate for seeds. Enough ordinary home conditions. Bones extracted from the fruit are simply planted in pots filled with soil and hope for the best. If you're lucky, sprouts will appear in 3-4 months.

Peach seedlings obtained from seeds that have not undergone any preliminary preparation are extremely rare

You can increase the chances of success as follows:

1. Bones for 7-10 days are placed in the refrigerator, providing at least short-term stratification.
2. Then they are soaked for 3-4 hours in a solution of any biostimulator prepared according to the instructions. The most common remedies are Epin, Kornevin, Heteroauxin, potassium humate, succinic acid, aloe juice.
3. Bones are planted in cups filled with universal soil for indoor plants, having been buried by at least 5 cm. It is imperative that there are several drainage holes and a layer of expanded clay (or other suitable material) on the bottom, 2-3 cm thick. First, the soil must be well moistened.
4. The bones are provided with the same conditions as described in the previous method. Particular attention should be paid to watering - peach categorically does not tolerate stagnant moisture. When sprouts appear, the containers are transferred to the brightest place in the apartment, providing protection from any drafts and direct sunlight.

Biostimulants used in the process of seed germination have a positive effect on seed germination and strengthen the immunity of future plants

The peach tree does not differ in growth rate. Sometimes it even seems that seedlings do not develop at all. First, the tree forms the root system, and only then - the aerial part.  But then it rapidly starts to grow, stretching for 8–10 weeks by 45–60 cm in height. The first crop can be expected in 4–5 years after emergence of shoots.

A young peach tree does not grow very quickly, but you should not worry about this, for it is completely normal

Transplant procedure

The first time a peach tree is replanted when it reaches a height of 15–20 cm. The soil is prepared independently by mixing peat crumb, humus, river sand and ordinary garden soil in a proportion (1: 1: 1: 2).

Flowering and fruiting greatly deplete the plant, so the soil for it must be nutritious, one of its mandatory components is humus

A too frequent transplant to a peach tree is not needed. Once every 2-3 years is enough.  Some crowding will even benefit the roots by stimulating more abundant flowering. The optimal time for the procedure is early spring (before the start of the active vegetation period) or the first half of September (when fruiting ends).

For a peach, choose a pot resembling a bucket in shape. This is still a tree, so its root system is developed. It is best to purchase a container made of ceramic - it is more stable and ensures proper aeration.

In a shallow flat pot, peach roots simply do not have enough space

Further care

In nature, peach grows in the tropics. This is what you need to focus on, creating a suitable microclimate for the tree. It is worth listening to his “requirements”, because flowering and fruiting are possible only under optimal or close conditions.

Creating the right microclimate

Peach is very photophilous. The plant needs to provide daylight hours of 12-14 hours. In most of the territory of Russia, natural light cannot be dispensed with, so simple fluorescent or special phytolamps will have to be used for illumination. They include not only in autumn and winter, but also in summer, in cloudy, cool weather.

LED phytolamp consumes not so much electricity, but it allows peaches to provide daylight hours of the desired duration

A pot with a peach tree is placed near a window facing south or southeast.  As a rule, this is the brightest place in the apartment. But a plant, especially a young one, can suffer from burns, so during the period of maximum solar activity it must be shaded, covering with tulle, gauze, a paper screen.

The plant has a very positive attitude towards fresh air, but categorically does not tolerate cold drafts. This must be taken into account when choosing a place in the apartment. In summer, the peach feels great on the loggia, veranda, balcony, garden, if it is protected from rain and wind.

Peach is very fond of fresh air, therefore, if the temperature is suitable, it can well be taken outside

The optimum temperature varies depending on what stage of development the plant is at.  He definitely needs a rest period at 2–5ºС. It lasts from November to early March. Then the temperature is raised to 12-15ºС. Higher rates can cause buds to fall. After flowering, the plant needs heat, but not heat (22–26 ° C). The peach tree will not survive negative temperatures.

Humidity is not a critical indicator for peach. It will be completely satisfied with the standard 50-60%, to maintain which in modern apartments there is no need to make any efforts. However, in the heat, a peach will not mind daily spraying. It is also useful for sanitary purposes from time to time to wipe the leaves with a damp sponge or a soft cloth, getting rid of dust.

Peach is a moisture-loving plant, but does not tolerate stagnant moisture in the pot categorically. Moisturize the soil regularly, allowing it to dry 2-3 cm deep. This is easy to verify by sticking a toothpick into the substrate. The intervals between watering vary depending on the weather outside. In the heat, the peach will have to be watered daily or every two days, the rest of the time - 2-3 times a week (during the ripening of the fruit, you can do one). Half an hour after the procedure, it is absolutely necessary to drain excess moisture from the pot.

The plant needs the most abundant watering after leaving the dormant period, when leaf buds begin to “wake up”. As soon as flowering is over and fruit ovaries are formed, it is reduced. Waterlogging can cause falling ovaries and cracking the fruit. During the wintering period, peach is watered very rarely and moderately, every 2.5–3 weeks.

Water for irrigation is used soft, warmed up to room temperature. The one that flows from the tap must be defended for at least a day. Or you can speed up the process of precipitation by adding a few crystals of citric acid or 2-3 drops of apple cider vinegar.

Rain water, as well as melt, spring water is ideal for watering a peach

After each watering, after about half an hour, the soil is loosened. It must not be allowed to turn into a crust on the surface of the soil. This prevents normal aeration of the roots and provokes stagnation of moisture.

Flowering and fruiting take a lot of power from the tree. Therefore, top dressing for peach is strictly required. For this, you can use organic fertilizers based on vermicompost, and complex mineral preparations. But natural remedies are also suitable - infusions of wood ash, nettle leaves, dandelion. Fertilizers are applied every 12-14 days during the entire growing season. During the wintering, feeding is stopped.

Nettle leaf infusion is a natural source of nitrogen and phosphorus, before use it must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 8

When using garden fertilizers (urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, etc.), preparing a solution for irrigation, the concentration recommended by the manufacturer is halved. The amount of land in the pot is limited, because of this fertilizing is not washed out of the ground. A moderate "overfeeding" is not dangerous for a peach - it will only cease to bear fruit, "concentrating" on building green mass (sometimes such plants are called "fattening"). But regular excess doses of fertilizer - this is intoxication and the likely death of the plant.

The macro- and microelements most needed for the plant are phosphorus, potassium, calcium and copper.  Nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied only in the spring, they help to stimulate the peach after intensive winter hibernation to intensively build up green mass. Experienced flower growers, in order to provide it with everything necessary, are advised to spray the tree once a month and a half, dissolving soda ash (4-5 g), copper sulfate (1.5-2 g), 2-3 crystals of potassium permanganate in a liter of warm water a drop of iodine.

A peach tree, grown at home, is sensitive to copper deficiency, a solution of copper sulfate will help to fill it

A running peach tree does not look very attractive and almost always refuses to bear fruit. Therefore, it needs regular pruning. Formation begins in about a year and a half, when the seedling reaches a height of 65–70 cm and several side shoots are formed on it.

It is on them that the fruits ripen. Therefore, the growth of the tree up must be slowed down.  In principle, the grower is limited only by the height of the ceilings in his own apartment, but practice shows that the optimal peach height is 1.5–1.7 m.

The first pruning of the peach is pinching the top at the desired height. This is done in the fall. Next spring, 2-3 buds shorten last year’s lateral shoots, stimulating more intensive branching. And they also get rid of all unsuccessfully located branches, directed inside the crown and down. It is recommended to leave 6-8 of the most developed lateral shoots annually, and cut off the rest to the growth point. Branches older than ten years are also removed, they will no longer bear fruit.

Video: Peach pruning rules

How to get vaccinated

The peach seedling obtained from the seed, if its variety is known, can be used as a graft for a garden tree. And sometimes it, on the contrary, is grown as a stock for a high-quality cuttings. They are vaccinated in several ways, but, in any case, the tool used in the process must be disinfected and sharpened. Sterility is also very important. The less the gardener will touch the cuts, the better.

The most common method, including among gardeners. The best time for the procedure is the beginning of spring. The graft (the grafted part of the plant) and the stock (the plant to which the grafting is made) should approximately coincide in diameter. The first one must have a minimum of three growth buds.

The grafts and stocks should be about the same diameter, this applies not only to peach

The rootstock tree is cut at a height of 25-30 cm. A vertical incision is made perpendicular to the cut plane, about 5 mm deep. The base of the scion-graft from both sides is cut at an angle, forming a V-shaped wedge.

To speed up the process, the scion base is soaked for several hours in a solution of any biostimulant prepared according to the instructions. In addition to store preparations (Epin, Zircon, Kornevin), you can use, for example, succinic acid, aloe juice. Practice shows that powdered products give much worse results.

Vaccination in a split is the most popular way among gardeners and gardeners, you can plant one and two cuttings at once

The wedge of a scion is inserted into a cleft on a stock. He must go in there with some effort. Then the whole structure is fixed, wrapped with plastic film, adhesive tape, electrical tape or coated with garden var. If you do not wind it tight enough, the moisture from the tissues will simply evaporate, the stalk will dry out. When a characteristic “influx” appears on the cortex around the vaccine, called callus nerds, the film can be removed.

One of the main conditions for vaccination success is reliable fixation of the structure.

There are other ways of vaccination - the combination of oblique slices on the scion and stock, vaccination for the bark (if it is thick enough). The procedure does not fundamentally differ from vaccination in the split, but the first method at home gives better results. The latter method is rarely used at home - the process takes a long time, it is highly likely that the grafted stalk will simply break off after removing the polyethylene.

Budding

Cowling is a somewhat more complicated way, requiring a certain experience from the grower. In fact, this is the same vaccination, but as a graft, not a whole cuttings are used, but only one growth bud. It is possible to conduct budding at any time.

The kidney is cut off with a layer of tissue 2-3 mm thick and 2.5-3 cm wide (the so-called shield). It is advisable to do this in one motion. In the process, try to touch it as little as possible.  The tool used is a scalpel or razor blade.

It is advisable to cut off the kidney for budding in one motion, touching it as little as possible with your hands

Further, an incision is made in the form of the letter X or T, with a depth of 1.5–2 mm, on the bark of a tree stock. If you carefully bend the bark, it forms something like a pocket. The cut kidney is inserted into it, securely fixed with a strapping. It can be removed when callus is formed, indicating that the procedure was successful.

Fixing a kidney on the scion requires certain skills from the grower, if part of the cortex sticks out of the “pocket”, this is normal

The result of the procedure will become clear after about 25-30 days.  In addition to the formation of callus, success is evidenced by the activation of the growth of the cuttings or "awakening" of the kidney. If this does not happen, the winding is carefully removed, the scion is removed, the vaccination site is disinfected, rinsing with 1% solution of copper sulfate, and covered with garden var.

A growth bud that has taken root on a stockstock "wakes up" somewhere in a month

Gardeners are very inquisitive people. Not more than a hundred years ago in the middle zone of Russia there were few orchards with apples and cherries of folk selection. Most modern varieties appeared within one generation.

The technology of growing cherries and apricots has already been mastered, winter-hardy varieties of these trees have been bred. Gardeners did not calm down on this. Growing a peach from a seed at home, getting fruits in the middle of Russia is the dream of many gardeners. How to do it right and what you can count on, this is our story.

Seed reproduction

Recently, a growing enthusiasm has been growing for growing exotic southern trees at home. Pavlovsky lemons began, successfully bearing fruit on the northern windowsills.

Over time, tangerines, grapefruits, oranges joined lemons. Then came the turn of coffee, feijoa, papaya and pineapple. Peaches grow much closer to the middle lane than these exotics, which feel good in the house. Why not try and breed peach at home.

Important! Of course, there are no special varieties of indoor peaches.

Although this is a low plant, but still a tree. Therefore, it will not be possible to grow it in a pot. However, growing peaches through seedlings grown from potted seeds is a very promising activity.

Rules for choosing a suitable planting material

For successful propagation of the plant, you need to know which seeds to choose. Fruits purchased at the store are not suitable for this event:

• fruits were brought from very warm countries (Turkey, China, Italy) and their trees will not be able to acclimatize in Russia;
• the fruits are harvested in the stage of technical ripeness for long-term transportation, the nucleoli in them are unripe;
• fruits are treated with chemicals to extend shelf life, which makes bones brittle and often crack.

You can grow a peach from any fruit. But in the garden, the seedling will die due to the inappropriate local climate for it.

Important! For breeding peach bone  buy fruits grown in Russia. And the closer they grow peaches  to the place of future landing, the better.

Growing a fruiting peach from a seed at home is a laborious, but very interesting process. Such trees are best adapted to local conditions.

If you can get peach seeds winter-hardy early varieties, then success is guaranteed. Such varieties growing in the southern regions of Russia without shelter, and in the suburbs with shelter, include:

1. Kiev early - a low tree of 3-meter height. A distinctive feature of the variety is a quick recovery after damage from frost. Fruits weighing 80–90 g ripen in early August, have a greenish-white flesh.
2. Pushkin early - the tree grows up to 6 m in height. Fruits weighing 100-120 g ripen in late August and have a greenish-creamy flesh.
3. Redhaven - an old American variety reaches a height of 5 m. In late August, large fruits ripen weighing 140-160 g with an orange-yellow core and pink stains in the center.

The seeds of these varieties are best suited for cultivation in the central regions of Russia. Propagation by seeds does not repeat the varietal characteristics of the parent plant, but the seedlings are the most adapted to local climatic conditions.

Landing

How to grow a peach from a stone at home is not an easy question. The seed germinates reluctantly, only 25% of the planted seeds will give seedlings. To still get the seedlings, you must follow certain rules:

• completely clear the seed from the pulp of the fetus;
• soak 10 days before planting. In the last two days, it is advisable to add a growth stimulator to the water.

The nucleolus will sprout only after wintering, so the planting pot should be dug in the garden. The best time to land is late October or early November. If this is not possible, you can put the pot in a cold cellar or in a refrigerator. In this case, you need to check the humidity of the earth.

Important! Peach is undemanding to the soil, any prepared land is suitable.

Naturally, it should be loose. Plant the seed to a depth of 6-8 cm.

After 3-4 months, sprouts appear from the seeds. It is important that the air temperature does not change sharply. You can not take out the seedlings of their refrigerator and put them on a sunny window. Gentle sprouts will quickly die from such sudden changes. Seedlings are kept in a cold place, gradually accustoming to heat.

Such difficulties do not arise if the seedlings grow in the garden. Quenching from them takes place in a natural way.

You can grow seedlings from the seed in the room. Before planting, seeds should lie in the refrigerator for 6-8 days. The pot is covered with glass or a plastic bag. If condensation occurs, ventilate it.

Germination begins with the development and growth of the root. Therefore, seedlings from peach seeds will have to wait several months. After emergence, the shelter made of polyethylene can be removed.

The disadvantage of this method of obtaining germinated seeds can be called the fact that the grown plants will be less adapted to an inappropriate climate due to the lack of hardening.

Experienced gardeners use a different technique for growing seedlings:

• the bones are soaked for two weeks;
• open them, revealing the shell;
• the nucleoli are again soaked for two days;
• swollen nucleoli are sown to a depth of 3-4 cm.

With this method, planted nucleoli achieve faster and more friendly shoots.

How to germinate a peach kernel, which method to use, garden exotics lovers decide based on their capabilities and conditions.

Care for seedlings at home

Over the summer, a peach young tree from a stone on the windowsill can grow in height more than a meter. The main thing is to create good conditions for development for him:

• sufficient illumination;
• timely watering;
• plentiful top dressing;
• the right temperature;
• effective cropping.

Important! Peach - a plant with a pronounced period of rest. In the winter months, he does not need backlighting and top dressing.

You only need to monitor the moderate soil moisture in the pot and keep the sleeping tree in a cool room at a temperature of + 2–4 ° С. Only with swelling of the kidneys does the plant need to provide intensive care.

The southern plant needs good lighting. If seedlings in the house appeared before April, they will need additional illumination. LED lamps consume little electricity and emit a spectrum of light suitable for plants.

At a young age, the tree is very hygrophilous. Watering is carried out as the soil dries up with warm water.

For fertilizer, a complex mineral fertilizer with microelements such as Agricola is used, since the plant is demanding for the presence of microelements such as copper. Seedling needs top dressing only from the second year of life.

Leaf feeding is preferable. To do this, prepare an effective solution, which contains all the basic elements of nutrition and trace elements. Take and mix:

• 5 g of soda ash;
• 1 g of boric acid;
• 2 g of copper sulfate;
• drop of iodine;
• potassium permanganate crystalline;
• litere of water.

Spraying is repeated twice a month. Top dressing is done 2 times a month until September. In September, the tree begins to prepare for the winter season.

Important! The temperature of the content of young seedlings in spring should correspond to + 10–15 ° С, after flowering and before harvesting + 18–25 ° C.

Starting from the second year of life, young seedlings begin to form using pruning. Care for them is impossible without creating the correct goblet crown and adjusting the height of the tree. Flowering takes place on the lateral branches, so vigorous shoots are pruned annually.

Is it possible to grow a peach tree at home? Only if there is a greenhouse, conservatory or insulated loggia. It is impossible to create suitable conditions in the room. Therefore, at the age of one, they are planted in the garden.

Transplant to the ground

In the first year, a young seedling grows to 1–1.5 m in height. In September, seedlings of grown trees are planted in the garden.

How to plant a peach so that it grows actively in the garden? The place should be well-lit by the sun, closed from strong winds. The distance between peach trees is 3-4 meters. The same should be before growing nearby trees and buildings.

A landing pit is dug in advance with a diameter of 1 m and the same depth. Under landing make a bucket of humus or manure, several buckets of water. Saplings are planted on a mound of fertile land, fall asleep and rammed. After planting, watered again.

A young tree is tied to a peg driven in next to it, the trunk circle is mulched with organic matter.

Important! Not all varieties are self-pollinated plants, so at least 3-4 plants should be planted nearby.

In the first years of life, a peach grown from seedling from a seed should be especially carefully prepared for winter: cover the trunk circle with a thick layer of mulch, tie the stem with a building insulation, and wrap it in burlap.

A tree can get sick with fungal diseases and other infections:

• scab;
• curly leaves;
• fruit rot;
• kleasteropsoriosis;
• moniliosis.

In addition, it can be affected by garden pests: aphids, scutes, spider mites and moths.

To prevent all these troubles, you need to know how to do preventive maintenance for peach. In spring and autumn, a tree is regularly formed, performing sanitary and anti-aging pruning. Preventive treatment with fungicides is done.

Peach is a quick-growing plant. Perhaps, already 2-3 years after planting in the garden, he can bear the first fruits.

Conclusion

Is it possible to plant a peach orchard in central Russia? How to grow a fruiting peach from seed? Everyone can plant a seed; not everyone can grow a tree. Only a patient and attentive gardener can grow a peach grove in central Russia.

Everyone at least once wanted to try to grow a fruit tree at home. Harvesting fruit from your peach tree is a particularly tempting idea that needs the knowledge presented below on how to grow a peach from a stone at home. In fact, this is a very difficult task, but the result will pay off in full.

Seed selection and preparation

Quality seeds are the first step towards the goal. Peaches from Spain and Turkey have an amazing taste, but their seedlings will not grow in our climatic conditions. Therefore, you need to choose seeds that are adapted to our climate.

It is worth taking seedlings from their own trees, and not grafted, so the fruit will inherit the characteristics of the mother. Seeds should be selected in the fall and always from ripe fruits, on which there are no signs of spoilage and decay.

Preparatory Activities

In order to grow a peach from a stone, you need to remove the edible part from the fruit and wash the stone under warm water. Then it should be dried and removed away from moisture.

Cultivation methods

Seasoned flower growers have in their arsenal 3 ways to grow peach at home:

• Cold method - an imitation of weather conditions occurs, which allows the seeds to naturally prepare for germination.
• Seed extraction is the quickest way to crush a bone and extract its contents. Seeds germinate much faster.
• Warm way - the seeds are rooted in pots with earth, where they grow at room temperature.

Peach - a very whimsical plant, demanding heat and light, so many gardeners do not dare to engage in its cultivation even from prepared cuttings. But it turns out that growing a peach and getting a fruit crop is not so difficult if you follow certain rules. The most common way to propagate this plant is by planting seeds, and it is very important to observe the technology so that a strong sprout is made from the seed.

Pros and cons of breeding peach seed

As you know, there is nothing ideal, and the seed method, for all its advantages, has drawbacks, which include the fact that varietal qualities are likely to be lost. This is due to the fact that the ovary of seeds is formed as a result of cross-pollination and subsequently the fruits may not have the qualities of a mother tree. To know exactly the “sexual” affiliation of a plant, you need to wait for its fruiting, and it occurs in the fourth year of life.

Subject to the rules of planting and proper care, the peach will give an excellent harvest

The advantage of seed reproduction is that the specimens that have grown from seeds are much more resistant to adverse environmental influences, low temperatures and diseases.

Preparatory stage

First of all, it is important to choose the right planting material. Try to buy those peaches that were grown as close as possible to the place where you live. It is unlikely that seedlings from sprouted seeds of Turkish or Spanish varieties will take root in our latitudes. You should not even take up this matter, since the probability of a positive outcome is extremely low.

If you get a strong seedling from such a bone, then in the open ground it is likely to die with the onset of winter cold. In addition, another problem is characteristic of imported planting material: such trees rarely bear fruit. You will receive a barren flower, uselessly taking up space on a site or performing decorative functions at home.

When choosing planting material, pay attention to the fruit: it must be ripe, large and whole, without traces of rot and other similar damage.

When choosing planting material, keep in mind that the peach should be ripe and undamaged

Note! Since not all seeds will sprout, prepare just in case a few pieces, according to the principle "the more the better." Ideally, at least 4 seeds, because the sprouts can also die over time.

It is very important to choose a peach variety that is most suitable for growing in our latitudes, sustainable and productive. This will give you some guarantees that the work will not be in vain. Best suited for landing:

Gallery of peach varieties suitable for our latitudes

Growing at home

There are two easy ways to grow peach from the seeds of a house. Let's consider each of them in more detail.

Stratification

1. Take away the seeds of the ripened fruit. Thoroughly peel the remaining pulp. Store in a cool, dark place for storage for stratification for the entire winter period.
2. Bones need to be stratified in a small container, filling it with wet sand or sawdust. The container must be open.
3. Stratified bones will begin to burst, a sprout will hatch from them. It needs to be planted in a pot with a fertile soil mixture. You can cook it yourself, taking peat and humus in equal parts.
4. After some time, the root system will form. After that, the formation of the tree itself will begin.
5. Watch the soil. As soon as the earthen lump begins to dry out, moderately water it, avoiding excess moisture. At this point, place the plant in a place well lit by the sun so that growth does not slow down. In addition, the temperature should be maintained for the first time at a level of +18 to +20 ° C.

Pot growing

You can apply another method that is different from stratification and takes less time.

Note! The peach seed germination is quite low, so you should plant several seeds at the same time, and when the shoots appear, choose the healthiest and strongest.

Care Rules

1. When the seedlings sprout, provide them with proper care. A young plant needs a lot of sunlight. If the room where the seedlings are grown is not lit enough, create artificial lighting.
2. Regularly moisten the soil and loosen it.
3. During dormancy, keep the tree in a cool room at a temperature of +2 to +4 ° C. In spring, a flowering period begins. At this time, transfer the peach pot to a warm room with a temperature of +10 to +15 ° C. After a while, the required temperature will be from +18 to +25 ° C.
4. Peach does not need abundant watering during dormancy and during fruit ripening. Sometimes enough to moisten the soil.
5. A transplant in another pot should be carried out before flowering, in early spring or early September. To do this, prepare a soil mixture of leaf soil, turf, peat, humus and sand in the proportions of 2: 1: 1: 1: 1.
6. Fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers, apply twice a month from early March to late August.
7. The tree needs annual pruning and pinching of vigorous shoots.

The peach grown from the seed develops rapidly and can reach a height of 50 cm in a couple of months. After the appearance of the side branches, begin the formation of the apex. The fact is that it is on the side branches that the fruit crop appears and they will not develop if the growth of the tree goes up.

Cultivation in the country

The best time to plant peach in the ground is the last decade of October and the first half of November. First you need to prepare the bones: either soak in water, or carry out a scarification. To do this, slightly file the shell with a file or slightly prick with a hammer. There is no need to completely get the seed.

If weather conditions are favorable, seeds can be sown in open ground. Planting depth is 7–8 cm. Choose an open and sunny place - for a peach this is an important condition. Cover the wells with soil, mulch and mark with pegs.

There are 2 classic peach planting schemes.

Do not prune the peach in the first year of life, it must grow freely to create a full-fledged central shoot. Water the tree regularly and feed with complex fertilizers.

In the second year of life, you need to start the formation of the crown of peach. In April, when sap flow begins, shorten the axial shoot to form a stem. In summer, you can thin out the most advanced shoots.

Peaches planted with a "meadow garden" do not form a standard. Make spring pruning, leaving two shoots at a height of 10 cm from the soil. One of them will go to growth for fruiting, the second will fulfill the role of reserve. By the end of autumn, cut off the frustrated shoot so that the second begins to bear fruit fully. It also needs to be cut, leaving two shoots: the main and the spare. This pruning scheme needs to be used in subsequent years. It is called the "principle of the fruit link."

Video about growing peach in a summer cottage

How to deal with diseases and pests

To prevent peach diseases and pests, use insecticides and fungicides.

1. Insecticides act on pests directly or penetrate into various parts of plants, where they destroy insects.
2. Fungicides provide protection against diseases or inhibit them. They must be used for preventive purposes or at the initial stage of the disease.

To use poisons to fight diseases, you need to have certain knowledge and skills. Otherwise, you risk harming your own health, destroying beneficial insects and the plant itself, as well as poisoning the soil around.

The most common peach diseases:

Pests:

• spider mite;
• eastern codling moth;
• plum moth;
• scale shield.

Inspect the peach regularly for pests and diseases, take preventative measures in a timely manner, and you will successfully grow an excellent crop. It is very important to collect in the fall and burn all fallen leaves - it is in it that pathogens like to winter. Also, timely cut the shoots that are cracked and crusted. So you save the tree from disease and death.

Pest Control Video

As you can see, there is nothing complicated in growing peach from seed, both at home and in the country. All you need is desire, accuracy, attention and patience. Share with us in the comments your experience in growing and caring for such trees. Good luck to you!