Ventilation of the steam room from the rest room. Reliable ventilation in the dressing room with your own hands - how to do it right

Properly organized ventilation helps to improve the quality of bath procedures and increases the durability of the hygienic building. How to perform inexpensive and reliable ventilation of bath rooms and achieve the required air exchange, we will tell you below.

Content:

Bath ventilation is a competently organized exchange of exhaust and fresh air in rooms without compromising their temperature regime and the safety of the entire building. It helps to provide comfort from being in the steam room, eliminates carbon monoxide poisoning of people and contributes to economical consumption of heating oil. The ventilation device in the bath requires a responsible approach to this issue and is one of the most difficult stages in the construction of such facilities.

Types of ventilation in the bath

Ventilation is needed not only for a hot steam room, but also for other areas of the bath - changing rooms, shower rooms and rest rooms. For each of them, you can choose an individual type of air exchange.

Its three types are most popular:

Natural ventilation... Based on the principle of air circulation due to the difference in its pressure inside and outside the room.
Forced ventilation... Its effect is achieved through the use of electrical equipment and appliances for injecting or extracting air in houses.
Combined ventilation... Combines the principles of both of the above types.

What type of ventilation is most optimal for a bath, we will consider further.

With mechanical, i.e. forced air exchange, a comfortable environment can be created in any room. However, such ventilation, equipped in the steam room, will subsequently lead to considerable financial costs.

In a combined air exchange, the outflow of polluted air occurs with the help of an electric exhaust fan, and a fresh air flow enters in a natural way through a special channel located usually in the lower part of the room wall. Such a ventilation system has the right to life, but its use in a steam room will entail possible inconveniences, namely:

To adjust the rate of air exchange, the valve on the outlet channel will have to be periodically closed. This action creates an additional load on the fan, which is undesirable.
If the exhaust ventilation in the bath is too intense, then to maintain the high temperature in the steam room, you will have to additionally “feed” the sauna stove. But for quick ventilation and drying of the steam room, the exhaust fan is very useful.

If you look at the problem of ventilation through the eyes of a prudent owner, you will notice that a tool that can and should be used to organize high-quality air exchange is available in any steam room. This is a heater stove. With its help, air currents can move naturally thanks to the well-known laws of physics. Heated air is lighter than cold air. Using this truth and a stove built by hand, you can achieve high-quality natural ventilation of the bath without expensive costs.

Important: the selected ventilation scheme in the bath is obliged to provide five times air exchange in one hour, regardless of its type.

How to make ventilation in the bath

Consider the organization of natural air exchange in the bath with two options for the location of the stove insert: if it is located in a room that is adjacent to the steam room, and when it is present in the steam room.

Ventilation in the bath with the location of the firebox in the adjacent room with the steam room

The conclusion of the heating chamber of a sauna stove into a rest room or dressing room has quite obvious advantages:

Lack of burning, smoke, dirt and debris from firewood in the steam room.
The steam room is not cooled by the open door when the oven is being serviced.
The firebox heats the adjacent room without disturbing the temperature regime of the steam room.
There is always a place to store and dry the stock of firewood.
Using heat-resistant glass instead of a metal oven door, you can enjoy in the rest room the beautiful play of tongues of fire, which has a beneficial effect on the psyche.

In this case, the connection between the furnace and the firebox is carried out using a furnace tunnel. For this, an opening is made for it in the common wall with a margin of 3-4 cm in the direction of increase. Such a gap is necessary for the device of thermal insulation, which protects the wall from strong heating and deformation during thermal expansion of the tunnel. Basalt wool is used as insulation.

Then it is necessary to lay an air duct for the inflow of fresh air into the bath from the street. The air duct is made in the form of a box or pipe, the end of which is equipped with a mesh that prevents insects and small rodents from entering it. The other end of the air duct is introduced to the bottom of the firebox and is located at a distance of several centimeters from the metal sheet, which is attached to the floor and serves as its protection against accidental ignition. The ventilation ducts of the stove and the supply air duct form a single system that connects the steam room space with the natural flow of fresh air.

Depending on the design of the bath and its interior decoration, such an air duct can be located in the space under the floor or along its surface along the wall. The principle of positioning the exhaust duct is equally important. Its design is supplied with windows equipped with special latches. Air quality, its temperature and humidity depend on their location. A good place for a ventilation hood is a wall located at a distance opposite the stove.

At a distance of 30 cm from the ceiling, a ventilation damper can be cut into the air duct and with its help the intensity of air exchange can be controlled. Pretty simple, isn't it? But in this case, together with the exhaust air, hot steam will also come out. To reduce its outgoing flow and temperature drop, the valve will need to be closed. As a result, the supply of fresh air will decrease, and shortness of breath will appear. To eliminate this unpleasant moment will help two valves, enclosed in a vertical duct. One of them must be placed on the wall under the ceiling, and the other below under the shelves.

We open the lower valve in the process of accepting paired procedures. Fresh air heated by the stove rises up to the ceiling. When he meets an obstacle, he changes direction and gets to the reception to the lower valve. Here, one part of it enters the exhaust duct, while the other part of the steam continues to circulate. The resulting vacuum compensates for the supply ventilation box, supplying a certain amount of fresh air. As a result of the "cycle", we get a healthy air exchange while preserving precious heat in the steam room. If it is necessary to heat the bath, the supply valves are closed, and when the steam room is ventilated for drying, they open.

When calculating air exchange, it is important to determine the cross-sectional areas of the air ducts. The transverse dimensions of the supply ventilation ducts are usually taken 20% larger than the chimney and 10% smaller than the cross-sectional dimensions of the exhaust ventilation ducts. The exhaust duct must be connected to the ventilation riser, which is led out to the roof of the building and supplied with a diffuser. The height of the riser above the roof determines the thrust force in the furnace: the higher, the stronger.

Ventilation in the bath with the location of the firebox inside the steam room

The principle of operation of air exchange with the furnace firebox inside the steam room does not differ much from the previous one. Here, fresh air inflows and exhaust air are also carried out, the rules for minimum heat losses leaving through the hood are observed. But the main difference still exists. Namely, the pattern of the inflow of clean air is changing. It is complemented by a supply ventilation duct, which is necessary to maintain the fuel combustion process in the furnace.

In this case, the process of heating the steam room is controlled by two doors located one above the other. At the beginning of the oven heating, only the lower door opens, while the upper one is tightly closed. This position prevents the intake of cold air from the street. After the initial heating of the sauna stove with the upper door open, part of the air in the steam room will flow through the opening from the bottom, heat up again and exit into the steam room through the door located at the top of the box.

After sufficient heating of the steam room, the lower door should be closed and the upper one should be left open. With the subsequent heating of the room, cold air from the supply air duct enters the bottom of the ventilation ducts of the stove, heats up there and goes out into the steam room through the upper opening.

After the air in the steam room has completely warmed up, both doors are closed. Heating adjacent to the steam room can be done by opening the door located on the corresponding wall.

A video about ventilation in the bath is presented below:

So, we have studied the main points of the correct organization of healthy air exchange in the bath. With a strong desire, you can do the ventilation in the bath with your own hands, but you cannot do without the help of an experienced stove master in this matter. The construction of a stove is a process that requires solid knowledge and significant skills. Indeed, not only the heating of the steam room depends on its quality, but also the efficiency of ventilation, which means our health.

Bath ventilation is important when arranging a steam room, however, in order for it to function as it should, the layout of the air duct and other engineering channels must be well thought out. It is also required to select reliable equipment, ranging from dehumidifiers and heating to humidifiers and thermostats.

Having decided to mount the ventilation of the bath, you can try to understand how to do it yourself, but it is much better to turn to professionals who are well aware of the design of the exhaust system and the structure of other communications. At the same time, it is not necessary to consider mainly expensive high-tech options - it is quite enough to limit ourselves to basic solutions.

Speaking about how to properly design the ventilation of a bath, you must immediately take into account that a natural flow of fresh air is necessary not only for a comfortable stay, but also to maintain the combustion process, and this, as you know, largely depends on the availability of oxygen. Especially for the stove, it is recommended to lay a ventilation duct with an outlet through a steel sheet, designed to protect the floor from fire in case of hot coals from the firebox. The box should be about a quarter wider than the chimney.

Supply ventilation of the bath

Ventilation equipment is installed, due to which there is a forced injection of fresh air with its subsequent heating; such ventilation of the bath provides full control over the air exchange. In the channels through which the air moves, fans are mounted, directing the flows in the right direction. As a result, there is always enough oxygen in the steam room.

Ventilation of a bath with a furnace firebox
from the side of the rest room

Ventilation in the wash bath should be created taking into account high humidity. The hole through which the exhaust air leaves must be sufficiently heated, otherwise ice may form at its end from the street in winter. It is extremely difficult to design a good steam room on your own, since it requires experience. It is better to turn to professionals for this purpose. The company "RusPar" has been designing baths for a long time and is ready to fulfill orders of any level of complexity. We will hand over a turnkey steam room strictly on a predetermined date.

Ventilation of a sauna with a firebox
ovens in the steam room

Do you need ventilation in a log sauna?

It is very difficult to answer this question. On the one hand, air in such a room freely penetrates through the lower rims of the walls, on the other hand, this may not be enough for proper ventilation. Moreover, modern bath designs are often noticeably different from classical designs, so ventilation openings must be present in them. But what should be the ventilation of the bath, what kind of norms should be taken into account when designing it, especially when you start building with your own hands?

If a stove is installed, then the peculiarity of its blower should be taken into account: it is through it that air outflow occurs. Plus, floor ventilation is being installed, all the necessary communications are laid in the bath through the ducts, fans are attached in certain places, which will turn on if necessary to speed up air exchange. It is important that the room is guaranteed to be free of drafts and condensation.

What should be the organization of ventilation in a bath, if the floor is monolithic?

The temperature background and the high level of moisture in the bath are favorable conditions for the settlement of all kinds of harmful microorganisms. Among them are bacteria, viruses, molds that destroy wood and the lung system of lovers of bath procedures. Competently made ventilation in the bath will relieve the aforementioned negativity. How to do it?

We will tell you all about the rules for organizing ventilation systems designed to dry wet rooms. Using reliable information will help you design and implement a flawless ventilation project. The data presented for consideration is based on building codes and practical experience of builders.

The article describes in detail the methods of construction of ventilation systems designed to remove water suspended in the air, drying the finish and supporting structures. The materials and components required for their arrangement are described. Photo apps and video tutorials can help you master a tricky topic.

The bathhouse needs regular air renewal. This is a safety requirement for people taking bath procedures. Also, proper ventilation can extend the service life up to 50 years or more.

The type of ventilation system is selected individually and depends on the location, the size of the structure, and the materials used in the construction.

Bath ventilation schemes

According to the principle of operation, all existing ventilation systems are divided into natural, forced and combined. In the first case, ventilation occurs due to the arbitrary flow of street air, mixing it in the room and displacing the spent air through the holes in a natural way.

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If there is insulation, then a counter-lattice must be installed to ensure ventilation between the insulation and other layers of the roof. It is also used to ventilate wall structures so that condensation does not form in the thickness of the layers.

To dry the floors, use volley ventilation or equip a ventilated floor. This option should be considered during the construction phase. To do this, perform a rough floor, carefully pouring concrete under a slope, and the finishing floor is made of hardwood boards, leaving small gaps between them. This floor provides quick removal of excess moisture.

It is important to properly organize ventilation in all areas of the bath. Particular attention should be paid to the washing / shower room, where high humidity threatens the formation of mold and mildew

All bath rooms need aeration, including:

washing room;
dressing room / rest room;
other premises.

To arrange proper ventilation, you have to choose the optimal scheme that suits the requirements and conditions of a particular bath. It is important to remember that fresh air must be supplied to all rooms and also removed from all.

They build ventilation ducts, make supply and exhaust openings in the walls or mount a whole system of air ducts - everything is very individual

Experienced craftsmen do not recommend laying complex ventilation duct systems, preferring to stay on the simplest solution that is suitable for a particular case. The rule works here - the simpler the better. And for the price, a simple option will cost several times cheaper.

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Do you need ventilation in the sauna? This question raises doubts among many people. On the one hand, sanitary norms indicate the need to renew the air in any room where a person is, but, on the other hand, ventilation can cool the bathhouse, where it is so difficult to keep the required heat. The bathhouse is a very specific institution, and you should think carefully about solving the problem.

Steam room ventilation

The bathhouse includes several rooms with different functions. Therefore, it is important to figure out whether ventilation is needed in a Russian bath.

The heart of any bath is the steam room. If we consider a Russian bath, then an environment of saturated water vapor with a humidity of up to 80% and a high temperature of 60-65 ° C is provided here. The classic steam room is a small, isolated room. Several people can be in it at the same time for a fairly long time.

People breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide, which can accumulate in an enclosed space when there is no supply of fresh air. In the stagnant environment of the steam room, there is an excessive concentration of carbon dioxide, sweat secretions, bacteria and microbes, accompanied by unpleasant odors.

Attention! The answer to the question of whether ventilation is needed in the steam room is unambiguous - it is necessary.

The second problem is the destruction of the structural material. A Russian bath is most often constructed of wood, and the wood is subject to rotting when exposed to moisture for a long time, especially in a confined space at high temperatures. Saturated water vapor condenses on contact with any colder surface, which causes the presence of water in the material. As a result, microorganisms that destroy wood are actively developing, mold and fungi develop. If proper drying of structural elements is not ensured, then rotting will quickly render the structure unusable. This problem is not limited to wood. The process with varying degrees of intensity is typical for any building material, incl. concrete.

An analysis of the conditions that arise during the operation of a steam room indicates that there is no need to doubt whether ventilation is needed in the bath. Only an inflow of fresh air will avoid sanitary problems and material destruction in the steam room.

Features of other premises

When considering whether ventilation is needed in the bath, you should not think that only the steam room should be ventilated. All bath rooms are in difficult conditions.

The washing compartment is a constant stream of heated water, often mixed with detergents. Showers can be installed here, and this causes splashing water and active humidification of structural elements. When the doors are opened, clouds of steam rush from the steam room into the washing room, which condense on the walls and ceiling. In this room, moisture accumulation is as acute a problem as in a steam room, although the air temperature is much lower.

The dressing room plays the role of a dressing room, here the furnace of the stove can be located. There are no high temperatures in this room, and the humidity may rise slightly when opening the doors to the steam room or front doors when it is damp outside. A big problem is created by a furnace firebox, from which, with any chimney, combustion products of fuel come out anyway.

The recreation room is located in more favorable conditions. It provides normal temperature and humidity. However, ventilation does not hurt here either. After taking a bath procedure, you want to relax in a calm atmosphere, and breathing in fresh air is one of the conditions for comfort.

Bath ventilation principles

Ventilation in the bath is necessary for the flow of fresh air, elimination of unpleasant odors, drying of the construction material and prevention of rotting. Its arrangement is dictated by sanitary standards and technical parameters. There are no regulatory documents for private baths, therefore their owners must take into account the recommendations of specialists.

On a note! When operating a bath, you can apply the advice from the manual "Methodological recommendations for the design of baths and bath and recreation complexes" for public institutions, because their foundations take into account the basic requirements for comfortable operation.

This document proposes the following mode of air renewal in bath rooms:

steam room - up to 5 times per hour;
washing room - 8-9 times per hour, and in the presence of an isolated shower - in it up to 11-12 times per hour; rest room - 2-3 times per hour.

There should always be fresh air in the bath, in which only the aroma of wood, medicinal herbs and a steamed broom is felt.
Cold air in the winter season cannot be supplied in the area of the floor; it is better to provide the supply at the top, where the air mass will quickly warm up.
Before each visit to the steam room, the environment should be completely renewed.
Between bath procedures, good drying of all structural elements (floor, walls, ceiling, shelves) is necessary.
Oxygen is burned out by a red-hot stove, therefore, its replenishment must be ensured, with the simultaneous removal of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
When arranging ventilation, it is necessary to take into account the laws of air convection, when a heated mass always rushes upward, displacing a cold one downward.

Features of the arrangement of ventilation

Ventilation in the bath can be natural and forced. In the first case, it is provided by the free circulation of the air mass coming from the street. Air movement occurs due to the difference in temperature and pressure. This method is considered the most common in Russian baths. Forced ventilation requires the installation of air intake and exhaust devices. They allow you to suck in the required amount of air from the outside and direct it to the right place.

On a note! A simple and effective way to refresh the steam room is the so-called volley ventilation. It ensures the flow of air through the open front door, and the exit of stagnant air occurs through the window on the opposite wall.

Such operations should not be carried out if there are people in the steam room, but between ventilation procedures they give a quick effect. The duration of the volley ventilation is 3-5 minutes.

More sophisticated options have dedicated air inlets. There are several schemes for sauna ventilation with a different arrangement of these holes:

classic: the entrance hole is made near the floor at a height of 25-35 cm behind the stove, and the exit is on the opposite wall near the ceiling 30-35 cm lower;
with a constantly operating stove: the entrance is near the floor on the wall opposite the stove, and the exit is provided through the stove chimney;
when using an exhaust fan: the entrance behind the stove is at a height of 0.3 m from the floor, and the exit is slightly lower on the opposite side (20-25 cm from the floor), which ensures air circulation throughout the room;
entrance and exit on the same wall, both equipped with fans: one hole near the floor and the other near the ceiling.

Bath ventilation is required in all bath rooms. It will provide comfort, sanitary safety and reduce the risk of structural damage from moisture. When arranging the system, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of specialists.

Ventilation in the dressing room is a guarantee of a healthy rest. The quality of the microclimate in the bath depends on how correctly this type of work is performed. It is impossible to get a healthy spirit and the pleasure of relaxing in a room with a musty smell of dampness and mold, so it is important to study all the features of the arrangement of air exchange before it is even more important.

Diagram of the air exchange device in the dressing room

The construction of a bath is not complete without a set of basic premises: a steam room, a washing room, a dressing room, a rest room. It is this kit that helps you get a good rest and enjoy it. In order to save space, the dressing room is often used as a dressing room, a rest room. Since the maximum time vacationers will be in this room, the microclimate in it must meet the following requirements:

According to the above list, a direct dependence of the microclimate on heating and ventilation is visible.

Technical requirements for air exchange in the dressing room

When building a bath with your own hands, you can later face high humidity, which, ultimately, will lead to the appearance of rot, mold, and premature destruction of the building. The reason for such troubles can be an illiterate arrangement of ventilation, the absence or improper insulation of walls, floors, ceilings.

Calculation table for air exchange in different rooms of the bath

Before the stage of engineering work in the dressing room, a number of features should be taken into account:

There are three types of ventilation used for the bath:

Forced. Carried out with the help of electric fans;
Natural. Based on the laws of physics, where wind force and atmospheric pressure play a role. The principle of movement of air masses: warm air rises, cooled air descends to the floor;
Combined. A combination of the two previous types. Such a complex will provide an optimal microclimate in the entire structure in a short time.

Arrangement of ventilation in the dressing room

When building a bath, it should be understood that this is not only a steam room, but also a number of other premises. In general - a complex. Therefore, a single ventilation scheme is laid at the time of design. To do this, you should take into account a number of points:

Depending on the location of the rest room, the hood can be mounted on the wall behind which it is located. Forced ventilation is often used to improve the efficiency of air movement.

When doing work on laying ventilation ducts with your own hands, do not forget about their heat and.

An integrated approach to the condensate problem

By purchasing a ready-made bath, you may encounter the problem of condensation in the dressing room. If the inspection of the ventilation system on site has shown that everything is normal, the quality of the "pies" of the walls, floor, and ceiling should be reviewed.

Drawing of the placement of ventilation openings in the dressing room

Possible drafts and additional sources of moisture, cold from the outside create problems inside the building. As a result, such a way to solve the problem with condensation, how to make ventilation in the dressing room, will not help. A whole range of work will be required to eliminate such a deficiency.

Floor insulation

The ideal flooring option is tiles. It seals all drafts from the underfloor space, and also prevents moisture penetration. For greater comfort, a warm floor system can be laid under it, but this will increase the cost of finishing and operating. Therefore, most often they equip wooden coatings. The correct floor should be installed in the following steps:

Often, part of the heating and ventilation ducts is laid in the underground space. With this scheme, communications are insulated and waterproofed.

Ceiling insulation

Perhaps this is the weakest point in the dressing room. It is he who is most negatively affected by the effect of steam.

Ceiling insulation scheme in the dressing room

The warmer the ceiling, the less condensation will accumulate on it. The ideal filler option is expanded clay, which will replace both insulation and vapor barrier. But this is not always technically feasible.

Therefore, the false ceiling is the most popular:

Guide bars are stuffed, vapor barrier is laid;
Insulation is laid between the wooden profiles (mineral wool is recommended), sewn up with a reflector (foil film). The seams between the canvases are glued with metallized tape.

An important point is the ventilation gap between the insulation and the finishing ceiling lining.

Wall insulation

It is carried out according to the same principle as the ceiling sheathing. For assumed. And inside the arrangement of waterproofing.

Wall insulation scheme in the dressing room and waterproofing device

Another important point for conserving heat and optimizing ventilation is doors. The size of the entrance group to the dressing room is recommended 1800 * 800.

In this case, the insulation of the box is mandatory. The door to the steam room is made smaller than the entrance. Thus, heat loss in both rooms is reduced.

Heating

The sharp difference between the steam room and the dressing room is the main reason for the appearance of condensation. Therefore, experienced craftsmen strive to create the optimal temperature regime in each room. For this, the stove is used as a heat source.

There are several options:

Which method to choose is determined individually.