How to make a comfortable staircase in the house. How to install a staircase to the second floor of a house? What types of stairs are there? Important points about mid-flight stairs

Some people believe that making stairs is a very difficult and time-consuming process and it is better to entrust it to professionals. Perhaps they are right, but in fact, with a little free time, desire, a small set of tools, you are able to complete the installation of the stairs yourself. Well, so that you do not get confused and do not get lost when building stairs in your private house, we have prepared this article.

Types of stairs

By their design, the stairs are divided into many types and subspecies. Before starting the construction of stairs to the second floor, you need to decide on its type, because their classification is based on many signs:

according to their intended purpose, they are divided into basic ones, which are used regularly in everyday life; auxiliary (these include ladders for the roof, service and emergency ladders). There are also front staircases, garden and park staircases, moving (escalator);

depending on the location distinguish between internal stairs, outdoor stairs, intra-apartment and intra-house;
by material used distinguish between: wooden (from oak, pine, beech, larch, ash, cedar), concrete (mainly stairs are made from this material in most residential and industrial premises), reinforced concrete, brick, metal, forged, rope, glass and plastic, from natural and artificial stones; there are also various combined options;
stairs are subdivided by type of construction: stringer, bowstring, on bolts, cantilever ladders (floating ladder), modular;
by the presence of a riser distinguish between open, closed and semi-closed stairs;
by the number and configuration of marches stairs are subdivided into single-march, multi-march, rotary (you can make U-shaped, L-shaped stairs and spiral interfloor stairs);

depending on the shape distinguish between straight, run-in steps and steps called "goose step".

A staircase with your own hands can become a home decoration and a source of pride. Its creation is a very exciting process, and determining the type of stairs that you want to make is the most initial and very important stage of construction, which will help you to most fully form an idea of how the entire structure should look like as a whole.

The main constituent elements of the stairs

The main details of the staircase will largely depend on what type of structure you have chosen for the structure.

A very interesting and quite budget option for a staircase can be a staircase made of logs in the country or in a private house in the village. Using this example, we will try to disassemble all possible combinations and options for the necessary elements of the staircase.

List of required elements:

ladder frame - a do-it-yourself log ladder can howl made on a metal frame (not quite a budget option due to the high cost of metal), but this option is rarely used due to the fact that a ladder made of logs will look most harmonious when using wooden stringers, in addition to this it is also possible a variant of the structure on the bobbins with the use of handrail posts and steps as a supporting structure;
steps - for the steps of the stairs themselves, logs will be used, they must first be cut in half, it will be more convenient to do this with a circular saw;
marching spans and turning platforms separating them;
railings - various options are possible, both wooden, forged, metal, and combined, it all depends on your design decisions;
balusters - railing racks;
riser - the use of a riser in this variant of stairs is not advisable.

Requirements for the construction of stairs

When building stairs, it is necessary to adhere to the standards developed and specified in GOST and SNiP. Special attention should be paid to the following indicators:

a flight of stairs, if it is not respected, a staircase that is too steep may turn out;

required for a comfortable ascent or descent, the most optimal step width (tread) is considered to be a width sufficient to fully accommodate the foot on it;
(riser) - a very important parameter, observing which, you can reduce the load on many muscle groups and facilitate the ascent / descent;

also a very important parameter is the size of the opening in the ceiling, because it also determines how comfortable climbing stairs will be, especially for tall people. With insufficient opening, going up or down stairs, a person will be forced to bend over so as not to hit their head.

Assembly and installation instructions

Probably the most important thing is that when installing a ladder with your own hands, this is a step-by-step instruction, because, in order not to miss a single slightest detail, you must have an exact plan of action. There are many different examples in which people, believing that "I can do it anyway" or "and so should keep where it will go," of course, they are faced with the fact that the constructed staircase is simply not suitable for use and, in order to correct the admitted a mistake, most often you have to redo a lot or even start all over again.

After all, your task is not just to make a staircase so that it is, you need to make an integral part of the house, which will serve for a long time, reliably and become part of the interior, therefore speed in these matters is not an assistant.

Below we will analyze the main points to which you need to pay attention:

preparatory stage (to determine the materials used, form and location);
calculations (the most important stage in technical terms, without completing which, you risk making many mistakes that will lead to the impossibility of using the stairs in the future);
installation and assembly;
stage of processing, design, finishing.

How to make glass stairs to the second floor

The glass staircase to the second floor is probably one of the most unusual and interesting options for the execution of the staircase. Such a staircase looks very easy in the interior, a huge plus is that it can, both be completely invisible, and be a key element of the interior with the right design and lighting.

A glass staircase is probably almost the only type of staircase that is difficult to make yourself without the help of professionals.

Most of the stairs can still be made independently, depending on the type of construction chosen:

on a metal frame;
on the bolts;
cantilever ladder.

You can find more detailed information about each type of construction on our website.

The most difficult and crucial moment is the preparation of glass steps and fences. The thing is that in order for the glass to be strong enough and withstand the necessary load, it must go through the stages of tempering and gluing in order to ensure maximum resistance to possible loads. In terms of reliability, such a staircase is not inferior to analogues made of wood and metal.

The thickness of glass steps may vary depending on the project, but it should not be less than 19 mm.

At first glance, it may seem that the glass will be slippery and such a staircase can be dangerous, for this the steps must undergo a special treatment, the surface is made a little rough and a special coating is applied to it, which prevents slipping.

It is dangerous to use glass stairs outdoors. Moisture or frost will make the glass very slippery and this can lead to falls and injuries. It is also not recommended to use such a ladder in indoor areas with high humidity.

How to make a wrought iron staircase at home

Forging is the most beautiful and graceful material for stairs. Forged staircases, quite often attract the eyes, creates a feeling of a truly royal interior.

Wrought iron stairs are used not only in the interior, but very often they are installed on the veranda or terrace.

Making a forged staircase with your own hands in most cases is possible only using the "cold forging" technology. For hot forging, a special furnace (furnace) will be needed to heat the metal. In financial terms, hot forging is a more expensive method and is impractical for small production at home for their own needs.

Consider the cold forging technology. Although it is cheaper than hot, it also requires an additional tool. In the simplest version, a vise, a gas wrench, a hammer are needed, but with such a set of tools it is difficult to create many similar parts for a staircase. To do this, you need to use a specialized tool:

snail - with its help, it is possible to make a spiral from a bar with a diameter of up to 12 mm;

gnutik - allows you to bend the bar both in an arc and at a certain angle;

flashlight - with its help it is possible to make artistic elements, such as lighting lanterns and baskets from a bar (up to 16 mm for a square section and up to 30 mm for a round one);

wave - by passing a round or square bar, you can get a sinusoidal element. The sizes are set individually;

twister - the rod for the equipment can be bent around the axis several times. Outwardly it resembles a flashlight, it works with the same diameter of workpieces.

After all the elements have been given the necessary pattern and bend, a welding machine will be required to connect all the elements. At each junction of the elements with each other and with the frame, it is necessary to make small spot seams so that, if necessary, you can tear off and make changes. After the railing is assembled, all connections should be carefully boiled, cleaned and processed.

How to make a wooden staircase in the country?

The warmest material for stairs is wood, it brings extra warmth to the cozy atmosphere of the house. Wood is probably the most malleable material with which you can make staircase elements in a variety of shapes and styles, from classic rectangular and strict, to carved, with various curves and shapes.

Before proceeding with the manufacture of stairs, it is necessary to carry out full calculations of all parameters, the width of the stairs, the height of the steps, the angle of inclination of the stairs and, of course, determine the type of structure. The type of wood that will be used for the stairs is also selected.

Making a log house in a house, you will have to go through the following stages of installing a log staircase:

Rounded logs will act as kosoura in this staircase. Previously, in the logs, it is necessary to prepare semicircular notches of the same diameter as in the logs used for the steps.
The steps are available in two versions. Having cut the log into two equal parts in half, we get two steps. Alternatively, you can make a selection in the middle of the log so that the log remains round at the edges and flat in the middle. Provision must be made for this flat part to be wide enough to allow two people to separate on the stairs.

The final stage in the installation of any wooden staircase is wood processing. Wood is susceptible to decay, destruction is possible due to the formation of mold or insects, wood fire is also a very dangerous moment, to exclude all of the above points, it is necessary to treat the wood with antiseptics and fire retardants. Please note that some elements need to be processed before you completely assemble the stairs, because some parts will then be inaccessible, since they will overlap each other, for example, the grooves on the stringers.

We have given a variant of the simplest single-flight log staircase. Depending on the characteristics of the building, the height of the ceilings, the space under the stairs, there are many options for stairs, with turning platforms, spiral. Wooden stairs also do not have to be log or carved. Depending on the design, there are many modern options for wooden stairs, which in their uniqueness can compete with glass stairs.

How to build a concrete staircase in a house

If you decide to build, then this structure will be the most durable, reliable and will last longer than its counterparts from other materials. Durability and strength is achieved subject to compliance with all building standards, both in terms of the size of the stairs (so that there are not too long spans, sagging, without proper reinforcement), and in terms of using high-quality materials in the right proportions.

With a properly built-in structure (staircase formwork), it is possible to build a wide variety of staircases - from classic straight one-flight or corner staircases to round (spiral) ones. It is also possible to build stairs according to an individual design project with the most insane forms.

Consider the step-by-step construction of a staircase in a private house with your own hands:

As we wrote earlier at the initial stage (at the design stage), in order to achieve the required structural strength, it is necessary to perform all calculations according to the selected type of staircase. The main thing to remember is that any non-standard staircase requires careful attention to the calculations.
At the next stage, it is necessary to prepare the formwork, the formwork structure must be strong, therefore, special attention should be paid to the materials used. Planks or plywood from 20 mm are best suited, beams for supports are at least 50x100 mm. In the case of semicircular staircase elements, it is better to use a thin sheet of metal, it is strong enough, does not break under the weight of concrete and is quite elastic to give the steps a rounded shape. The weight of 1 m 3 of concrete is 2-2.5 tons. This must be borne in mind when selecting materials for formwork. It is better to connect the formwork elements using self-tapping screws.

Additional reliability of the staircase is given by a reinforced frame, the presence of which is mandatory in order to avoid the appearance of cracks in the concrete, the presence of which can lead to the collapse of the entire structure. The metal frame is formed from reinforcement with a diameter of 10-12 mm. It is important at the stage of pouring the floor and ceilings at the joints with the stairs to leave protruding reinforcement to connect it with the metal structure of the staircase.
Finally, the fill stage. The quality of concrete must be at least B 15 (cement quality is at least 400), it is allowed to use special stabilizers and water repellents, which increase the strength of concrete. It is necessary to fill the entire staircase at once. If there are a large number of flights, the fill should be split into spans.
After pouring, it is required to remove all air bubbles from the concrete. To do this, you need a special vibrating tool. It is immersed in the already poured concrete, under the action of vibration, the air will come out to the surface, this increases the strength of the concrete, excluding porosity.
Finally, the concrete must harden and become more durable, for this you need to periodically moisten the concrete, in hot weather the stairs must be covered with a film to slow down the evaporation of moisture. If this is not done, cracks will form, due to the fact that the concrete has dried faster than hardened. After 20-30 days, the concrete will gain the necessary strength, after which the film and formwork can be removed.

DIY metal staircase in the cottage

We have already considered one of the types of metal stairs above (forged stairs), in this section we will consider a simpler option for building a staircase to the second floor of metal.

Of course, from this material it is possible to build not only a simple staircase, but also the most unique one, it all depends on your project and your abilities. We, in turn, will try to describe as clearly as possible all the actions that you will need to perform in order for you to get exactly the ladder that you have in mind.

As with the construction of any staircase, at the initial stage you need to make all the calculations according to the chosen staircase option. Depending on the type of construction, dimensions and calculations, you should select materials for your future staircase.

In this article we will tell you about a simple single-flight metal staircase.

The stringer for the stairs will be made of a channel or rectangular pipe 80x100 mm. The two channels must be placed on the edge at a distance according to the design width of your staircase.

If the flight of the stairs must be made long, then it is imperative to install retaining pillars.
Further, fillets must be welded to the channel, which can be made from a channel of the same size, the fillets must be mirror welded to the channel.
In the future, steps will be laid on the filly made earlier, which can be made of various materials, depending on your interior and the place of operation of the stairs.

Painting and decoration of stairs

After you have completed the construction of the staircase, you are faced with the task of ennobling the staircase according to the interior of your home.

You can start finishing the concrete staircase without any intermediate steps. There are many variations in the design of a concrete staircase, the most common options are:

Wood stairs- it can be either laminate or solid wood. By using wood to decorate a concrete staircase, you can achieve such results that upon completion of the work, it will be difficult to understand that the staircase was originally concrete.

Painting stairs- it will be necessary to putty the entire staircase for painting in order to achieve a smooth surface, in this version it is better not to putty the steps themselves, but to paint immediately, because under load when walking, the putty will fly off the steps along with the paint.

Cladding stairs with tiles- there are many options for tiles: ceramic, porcelain stoneware, clinker. The choice of tiles largely depends on the location of the stairs and on the environment (should the tiles be frost-resistant, anti-slip, etc.).

Homemade forged and hand-made staircases, made of metal, must be additionally treated with a primer before painting them, this is due to the fact that the metal is susceptible to corrosion and it is necessary to prevent the formation of rust and destruction of the metal.

Wooden and log stairs are most often treated with clear varnish to preserve the texture of the wood, but whatever you start to paint a wooden staircase, you must also treat it to avoid mold, mildew or insects.

A glass staircase requires minimal processing, although a lot depends on the version of such a staircase. If the staircase is made on a metal frame, then it also needs to be processed, as described earlier.

Regardless of what material the staircase will be built from in a private house, it must be reliable and comfortable.

To achieve this, you must first understand its design features and take into account all the little things.

From our article, site users will learn:

What kind of ladder can be called comfortable;
What are their types of devices;
What is a bowstring, baluster, kosour, tread, riser;
Where does the calculation of the stairs begin;
What features must be taken into account when installing in a wooden house;
What you need to know about a monolithic staircase.

Features of designing stairs

When designing a structure, the following factors should be considered:

design of the house and premises;
free space reserved for the stairs;

It is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the opening of the second (third) floor, the height of the ceilings, the thickness of the floors.

the material from which the house is built, as well as the walls, ceilings and floor.

In pursuit of design delights, developers can forget about the main purpose of this device - to provide a comfortable and safe ascent and descent.

Therefore, it is necessary to think in advance:

where and how the stairs will be placed;
the material from which it will be made;
what area it will occupy in the house.

Worst of all, if you have to "fit" the staircase into an already built house: often you have to compromise between functionality and convenience. The result is a structure that is inconvenient and unsafe to walk on.

If the calculation was started at the design stage of the house, it becomes possible to virtually move the walls, change the arrangement of rooms, change the location of door and window openings and, thereby, subsequently install the stairs in the house as efficiently as possible.

It is best to position the staircase so that it connects several rooms at the same time, rather than going out into a corner or into a closed home space.

When designing, it must be remembered that:

1. For the convenience of walking on the stairs, the angle of inclination should not exceed 45 degrees.
2. If it is installed in the hall, then you should think in advance about the size of the opening in the concrete floor, and in the case of a wooden house - the location of the supporting and bearing beams.
3. If, for any reason, the design of the staircase is postponed to later stages of construction, then the minimum dimensions of the opening will be:

opening width - 1 meter.
opening length - ceiling height + second floor ceiling thickness.

Floor beams in a house or a small country house must be run along, and not across, the intended staircase!

Vit1959:

- Before you start calculating the stairs, first of all, you need to imagine how it will look in finished form, and understand whether its carved railings will fit into the simple interior of the house.

To make the design as convenient as possible, before calculating it, you should find out:

the height from the final floor of the first floor to the final floor of the second floor;
length of the staircase;
the width of the staircase;
overlap thickness;
direction of movement;
material, because there are a number of points when he determines the final design of the staircase.

Essential elements

The construction of two-storey houses is more preferable in a small area of land. During construction, some building materials are saved, and the functionality of such buildings is much higher. A very important point is drawing up a plan and marking the stairs on it, without which existence in the house will be meaningless.

The project of a two-storey cottage with the original location of the stairs

It is necessary to understand that the smaller the opening, the steeper the stairs should be placed. Steep structures, as a rule, are installed in summer cottages, where the movement from floor to floor is not too intense, but for residential buildings, such stairs can cause discomfort for residents.

Varieties of stairs

By design, the following types of stairs are distinguished:

Marching straight lines;
Marching with a turn;
Screw;
Curvilinear.

Let's consider each type in more detail and find out their functional features.

Marching stairs

Diagram of the device of the marching staircase

These stairs leading to the second floor are the most common and familiar in our opinion, however, they require the most usable space in the house. If, when designing, the staircase goes out too long, then the plan and the designation of the stairs on it are divided into several parts, and at the same time it is converted into a turning one.

Swivel stairs are divided into L-shaped and U-shaped. In the first case, the turn between flights will be a right angle, and in the second case - 180 degrees. To make the stairs more compact, the space between flights is equipped with a step, which slightly reduces the comfort when moving. You should choose a specific option, taking into account the plan of the house and its design features.

Spiral staircase device

These ladders are considered the most compact and can be made from wood or metal.

Existing types and types of stairs

Spiral flights allow such stairs to be located literally on a few square meters. In addition, the structure of the spiral staircase looks very attractive and gives the interior a special look. Of the shortcomings, some difficulties in operation can be noted due to the fact that the steps are run-in.

When creating a plan for a spiral staircase, it should be understood that it will be impossible to transport bulky cargo to the second floor along it, and also that the space under it cannot be arranged in a useful way.

With regard to residential private houses, the design of a spiral staircase is rarely used. Much more often it is erected as an interior decoration or another place for transporting people to the upper level. It is also worth noting that houses for temporary stay are also equipped with the help of a screw structure.

The shape and structure depend on the interior decoration, the height of the ceilings, and the area of the room. A march is called one span, according to their number and it is customary to classify all the stairs. For private two-story house the most common are one- or two-flight climbs.

Spiral staircase

The helical model, or spiral has a special charm, it looks especially good in houses made in empire, rococo, modern... Its delicate railings evoke associations with a fairytale castle. However, in real life, this is not very convenient. The spirals were created for small spaces in which it was not possible to install a wide passage. may not be safe for young children and the elderly. In the center of it there is a support - a wooden or metal pipe, to which a narrow edge is attached.

Spiral lifting steps

To climb safely, the width of the central part should be at least 25 cm, and the main wide part should be no more than 40 cm. The smaller the size of the opening in which it is installed, the steeper the steps will be for it. In modern houses, screw models are rarely used; they can play an auxiliary role for lifting to the roof or descending into the basement. You can also use a spiral design if you need an unusual way out. They can also be used as basic ones in homes to create a special atmosphere.

DIY calculations

Classic flight stairs with any features (straight, rectangular, swivel) are used in houses much more often. They have many design ideas, are much safer and go with any design. The marching structure was created for spacious premises, and in order to carry out its calculation and calculate the dimensions and dimensions, it is necessary to know the height of the ceiling and the length of the floor section. The ideal angle is 45 degrees.

The correct design should take into account the biomechanics of movement, ideally it should have at least 3 and no more than 15 steps (on average 10-11, if the dimensions allow it). If their number is greater, platforms are made between them, equal in size to the size of the march. The height may vary depending on the type of room in which it is installed.

Marching type can be with or without risers (open and closed types). With them, they all look more massive and solid, they are suitable for spacious rooms,. Models without risers look more modern, their main advantage is that they do not visually burden the space and can even be used in. Open - will fit perfectly into any modern design.

Marching models can be:

straight;
curved;
rotary.

The type with a turn takes up a smaller area than a straight line, as a rule, it is installed near walls. It is convenient to place a closet under it or pantry.

Variants on bolts and railings

Bolts can be distinguished as a separate category - special fasteners installed along the wall. The steps of such a model are held by bolts attached to the wall itself. This is the best solution for modern living. The advantages of such solutions are that they look very light and weightless, they allow lighting to penetrate into all corners of the room. This ladder is best suited for, loft, constructivism. It will also become a real boon for small spaces, because the width can be the smallest.

Advice! If the ascent with bolts has narrow steps, it is necessary to equip it with fences. With wide and safe passages, you can do without railings at all, which will make the environment even more airy.

A staircase is a functional architectural element, beautiful design and a beautiful lifestyle. Aesthetics, quality, creativity, design and innovation are critical factors for the overall experience. Now you are probably wondering what is the ideal design to bring absolute harmony to your room? Or do you already have ideas for stairs or railings that you want to bring to your home? When you need extraordinary solutions for climbing up to the second floor, get inspired by these amazing ideas. Everything is more detailed later in the article.

A way to move to the second floor as an object of art

A new look at vertical movement in the home embodies clear design, high artistic standards. Modern design, appropriate material, as well as flights of stairs, railings are created by designers, artists to provide a cozy, stylish atmosphere. Console designs that accurately reflect the spirit of the times are popular all over the world.

Glass lifts

Glass lifts are no less popular; they visually increase the space of rooms. Glass walls provide transparency, lightness.

Wooden steps

However, metal, wooden steps provide high stability. A balanced combination of different materials leads to complete harmony. Regardless of whether they are fixed, free standing or suspended - angle, length, width are planned individually.

A ladder is a structure that must invariably combine high comfort and durability. Those models that do not have additional wall mountings and loads are characterized by one central mount, fragile steps. Depending on the design, material, varieties of modern staircase designs are practically unlimited.

We coordinate with the general interior

When planning, you need to coordinate its elements with the overall interior design, if you like, take a look at some ready-made projects. For example, in a minimalist interior, a decorative staircase will look out of place.

On the other hand, if you want to turn it into a focal subject, you will choose a spectacular art design with an unusual shape, color, or interesting railings.

Remember that safety is of utmost importance, your ladder design should be comfortable and safe for young children or elderly family members.

8 different types for every home

There are different installations, each of which has its own pros and cons. When building or renovating a home that requires vertical movement, it is important to consider which type of lift is best for the structure as well as the owner's taste.

When it comes to choosing a structure for a house, you need to look at the shape of the space, where it will stand, how often it will be used, and its purpose (main or additional).

Some designers will tell you right away: the type of stairs is the first thing to think about. There are many different styles, decorations, materials that can be used to personalize an interior, but first we will only look at the types of stairs that will work best for different spaces.

Read about eight popular stair types, from no-frills models to complex designs. Show selected favorites to your contractor to discuss which options matter the most to your home.

Straight

Direct installations are the most widespread, popular, because they are convenient, functional, and the most cost-effective. In this classic design, the treads are arranged in a straight path with an even distribution. The straight shape has one linear span without changing direction.

When considering the most inexpensive and convenient construction, consider a straight ladder, which is not the wrong choice. It is especially suitable for minimalist homes and interiors because of its inherent simplicity.

However, this type takes up a lot of linear space without creating a barrier between floors, which does not create privacy.

L-shaped (angular)

A corner staircase is basically a straight staircase with a change in direction in the middle. The linear steps are complemented by a platform that turns the direction of travel by 90 degrees. Installation type has a second popular name L-shaped, can have more than one platform when more than one orientation change is required.

This type is very comfortable and safer than straight because of the landing that provides a place to rest in the up or down movement. This ladder will fit ergonomically into a corner position as it easily matches the space of the home's design.

This is a very logical use of space and can be much more visually interesting than the straight type. The downside is that it is more difficult to build and usually requires additional support support, making it less cost effective.

Hybrid

This is a less secure type, which excludes landing on 90 or 180 degree turns. The shape is compensated by wedge-shaped steps around the turns.

Visually interesting type, because it creates gentle, smooth lines, a smooth transition from one level to another. These characteristics make it popular in new homes and can be easily installed in the most inconvenient places.

The hybrid model requires less space, but it is complex in design, requires very accurate calculations and planning. The narrowing of the wedge-shaped steps also makes the turn more difficult to navigate, dangerous for a skipped step.

U-shaped (swivel)

The device allows you to change its direction by 180 degrees. This is also achieved with platforms that usually divide the steps into equal parts, forming a half-turn with parallel spans.

Such an installation is functional, much safer, since the wide possibilities of the flight of stairs limit the number of steps on which someone can fall. This type also has a lot of architectural interest in any design, and can easily fit into the plan of most houses. However, it is best suited for homes with high ceilings or when planning where there are multiple levels of passageways in the house.

Spiral

The compact design is centered around one pole here, so if you looked at it from above, you would see a perfect circle. But there are a few things to consider here: the narrow tapered steps of the spiral staircase are not the easiest ones to walk through.

However, this is by far the most interesting design. It has a spiral arc that resembles the shape of a spring. All steps are wedge-shaped, but unlike the hybrid, arched type, they have a consistent size. There is a central vertical support around which the steps are located.

Spirals are found mainly in urban apartments with attics, due to the economical use of space, ease of installation, and bandwidth limitations. The spiral is not suitable for frequent use as it has a limited area that is difficult to move over.

Only one person can move along it at a time, it is difficult to move large objects up or down along it. This is why many building codes do not allow the spiral to be used as the primary entrance to a full-size second floor.

Arched

The arched staircase is the pinnacle of elegance and the first image that comes to mind is the thought of a royal descending it. The steps are wedge-shaped, but due to the shape of the arc, the narrowing of the steps is not so noticeable.

Due to the graceful appearance of the arch, it is often located in the lobbies of expensive hotels. This is the best way to decorate a room when looking for a centerpiece or first impression of a home. The disadvantage of this design is that it is the most difficult to plan, build, since all its parts (including handrails) must be curved.

Forked

The most grandiose version of the bifurcated staircase is the style of the famous staircase on the Titanic. It includes one wide span, which then splits into two smaller spans going in opposite directions.

Alternative

Small home owners desperately need even the smallest additional square footage to be utilized effectively. Therefore, compact models are being used more and more, along with the growth of smaller and more practical customized home projects. An alternative way is essentially a stepladder, which comes with a removable structure.

Despite the environmental friendliness and responsible design, the compact models have many disadvantages. This is extremely inconvenient and not ergonomic at all. Its compactness is ensured by its safety and easy access. The compact ladder cannot be used in the main role, as it is not strong enough. It is used in rooms where there is not much movement.

At this point, you should have an idea of what type is best for your home. Now you can start thinking about how to use the space that this function will create.

Which design to choose?

The move to the second floor should be designed in such a way that it matches the service life of the facility. It serves as a key element for comfort in your home, so it's worth considering whether your home will perform better if you change the position of the stairs. Tearing down walls between rooms, expanding or changing the purpose of a room can mean changing the direction of movement. When planning, think about which room will be the most appropriate to place it in.

With an open floor plan, a flight of stairs can be seen throughout the space, so you can make it a feature.
The cantilever flight of stairs has steps supported by a hidden stringer in the wall and looks like they are floating in mid-air to create a light, open look.
A spiral or curved flight of stairs gives an instant wow factor, but works best in large spaces. The spirals wrap around the center pole and are good for small spaces, but they can be awkward to use for children, the elderly, or the infirm.
Concrete flights of stairs can be cheaper during the design phase, but can end up costing more than wood and steel due to casting and precision issues.
Spans made of wood and steel are a popular combination. They can be manufactured with millimeter precision, designed for open staircases. Concrete, steel spans can be clad with wood, stone or marble, and you will want to consider MDF stairs if you are going to do this.
Wood has a natural warmth and beauty, and there are many grades and finishes to choose from for steps and handrails. Hardwood railings are more expensive than softwood railings, but they are more durable and tactile.
Glass balustrades transmit light well, but dust and fingerprints are more visible on them. Check how the glass will be secured to the handrails - the custom design will not have visible fasteners. Two types of glass are commonly used - standard glass with a slightly green tint and the more expensive low-carbon glass with superior optical quality and reduced tint.
In Georgian times, stairwells were slender and elegant, and a similar effect could be achieved using a steel frame.
Stairways from the Art Nouveau era featured lively curves and balustrades inspired by nature, such as iron flowers, leaves and tendrils.
The Art Deco style signaled a shift towards a more stable and massive construction with sharp, strong lines.

The staircase design and installation work has increased safety requirements, so observe building codes and standards.

Creative projects of designers

In addition to reliable functionality and appropriate design, an architectural highlight is important in the staircase. This way of transforming a house never ceases to amaze.

Interesting patterns and textures, unusual colors, a tendency to use fabrics - the approach of designers to staircase design is often special, they love it so much. Check out their designs and ideas to make your own ladder more talented.

Colored tread and riser

Multi-colored steps - a bright accent in the interior

One trend that has gained popularity in recent years is highlighting treads using color. Previously, people tried to combine their staircase with their surroundings, but now many homeowners, on the contrary, try to highlight the staircase and set it apart.

To achieve this effect, an ombre or gradient color scheme will suitably fit. Ombre means that colors start out darker and end up lighter, or vice versa. A gradient has the same structure, but it can successfully combine different shades. Each riser pattern has a different hue for an interesting and personalized look. Choose a paint that you can add beige or white to. Some paint shops even offer different shades for you.

Attractive ornaments

Painting or applying mosaic patterns makes a very significant statement. These effects provide good examples for unique staircases. Maintain the same color palette throughout your design.

Take a look at the adjoining rooms for inspiration. Use stripes, chevrons, geometric shapes, polka dots, and any shape that feels fun and unique. If you are going to use paint, use masking tape to mask the area before you start painting.

Use stencils or stickers with increased wear resistance actively. The great thing about the stickers is that they can be removed, making them convenient for home rentals.

Be original and unique

You can find many interesting staircase design ideas in magazines, interior design websites. However, in addition to the inspiration they create for you, you should strive to ensure that your ideas reflect your unique personality and the existing design of your home. There are many tricks to customize the design for you.

Pure wood staircase designs have a nostalgic feel, especially when paired with vintage accessories. Using the technique of artificial aging of material and paints, a staircase can create a space as if you have moved in time.

Another option is tread upholstery, the riser with a durable fabric. It will add softness to a hard surface. Feel free to use bright, colorful fabrics, carpets.

Make sure that any fabric you put on the surface is properly fixed to avoid injury to the new decor. The unique staircase is made by bright colors, subtle patterns.

Storage under stairs

Storing under a flight of stairs is another good way to make the most of space and make it unique. There is usually quite a bit of space underneath. Creative designs with a non-standard outlook on storage look like a win-win and always have a huge practical edge. Once you create the stairs the way you want, immediately focus on the space below it. These ingenious storage ideas are creative, rewarding, helping you keep your home clutter-free and allowing you to access the things you need every day.

Shoe storage

This is a really great way to use your storage under the stairs. It can improve the decor, space efficiency in the home. Use this idea to end your family's endless arguments about putting away their shoes - just get them out of sight. You can think of a lot of different functions for this, from the counter to the drawers.

Boxes under the steps

Place the drawers under the steps for storage and a nice look. These boxes will not only be useful, but will also add an unusual touch of personality. This is a very organized form of storage with areas for different things.

Kitchen pantry under the flight of stairs

Kitchen belongings, products with a long shelf life often get in the way, do not fit in the kitchen. They can be placed under a flight of stairs - a room that can have one of the best uses for this. The unusual shape can make conventional storage quite difficult. Create convenient shelves for storing dry food. They will be easy to access, and it is very convenient to have a spacious storage room in the main part of the house.

Library under the flight of stairs, reading area

The cozy and discreet nature of the space under your stairs can make it one of the best places to read in privacy. If your design is open-ended, the idea will work especially well since you will have light access to the reading area.

Install bookshelves and a comfy chair (or pouf) to make it a suitable reading space.

Open

The open stairwells are very minimalistic and modern. Their sober, rather stern appearance helps to visually reveal the room. This option brings a very refreshing look to the space.

Wooden

Wooden staircases look classic even with an unusual design, they work in almost any room. However, a lot depends on what kind of wood you choose to cover. Make sure the tree is sealed and properly treated before installing it so that the finished structure will last a long time.

Tiles decoration

For a more exotic, personalized look, try hand-painted tiles. The variety of tiles available ensures that you can customize your staircase in almost any way: neutral or colorful, matte or glossy, or any combination of these. Try combining different patterns for a fun and eclectic look.

Glass

Install a glass staircase for a modern design. This style allows you to use the maximum amount of light in the room. Combine glass with finished wood or steel to give it some texture.

Carpet covering

Warm, soft and easy to touch, rug is a great choice for a home with kids. These stairs will never be slippery or warm, even during the cold season. It is a great choice for any style of home. The different types and colors of rugs available in the market will ensure you have many styling options.

6 structures for concrete

Concrete is widely used for buildings, houses and architecture, as well as stairs, due to its durability and affordability. Most people choose to use concrete because it will last much longer than any other material used in construction. For stairs, concrete can be used in any shape or design the homeowner wants. Concrete is increasingly preferred by designers and homeowners for stairs or walkways because it creates both simple straight structures and spiral patterns.

Typically, the different types of concrete stairs include:

prefabricated staircase;
cast;
supported on the floor;
suspended.

Regardless of the type of concrete structure for the staircase, its shape and style always bring elegance and sophistication to the home.

Check out these 6 beautiful concrete staircase ideas that add sophistication and elegance to your home. Some of them are made with the addition of marble, while others are pure concrete. Just take a look and get inspired by these designs so you can choose the right one for you.

Floating concrete steps on an open staircase will create the contradictory feeling that cold raw concrete is floating in the air. The addition of metal railings sharpens the initial feeling and emphasizes the apparent simplicity of the design, while not hiding, however, the engineering skill.
A straight staircase of a closed type, "as in the entrance", can also create an exquisite appearance for this room, if this project is combined with the Loft design, an interesting designed ceiling and the presence of multifaceted local lighting. A charming and simple idea that looks beautiful.
The exposed concrete steps combined with the glass railings create a simple yet beautiful color combination and contrast with the design. Such structures must be supported by strong walls that contain the main fastening element, invisible to the eye and providing everyone's favorite "floating in the air" effect.
An alternative to raw concrete is marble: use it for streamlined semicircular structures with no corners. Glass balustrades and wooden handrails are ideal for this design.
For lovers of minimalist design, a concrete staircase is suitable - it will be the embodiment of your outlook on life, because it is in minimalist design that there are a huge number of forms for raw concrete, which looks simply amazing. Combine your staircase with glass and wood railings. Neutral colors will lend a simple yet eye-catching quality to a design.
Marble with metal is another advanced combination that is primarily relevant for stairs. The marble should be streamlined and not contain sharp corners. Perhaps your staircase will have streamlined marble treads, spiral construction and cool stainless steel handrails in a minimalist way to contrast the structure and color of the stone.

As shown above, these stairs are truly beautiful to behold. There are simple, complex and elegant layouts here. This is a new look at concrete and the concept will undoubtedly spread.

Cantilever structures

The impact of a staircase on the interior design of a home is enormous. A flawed design can ruin the entire look and feel of the home. The correct design will become a "design anchor" around which all other elements of interior decoration will be built.

The cantilever staircase stands out from all other types of stairs, creating the illusion of floating, unsupported and weightless steps. She manages to be minimalist and at the same time creates a huge impact and offers a huge variety in terms of configurations and materials.

Concept

In recent years, the design of the staircase has emerged and has grown rapidly, which has an unusual architectural form, called "cantilever". A cantilever is a beam secured at only one end, allowing the protruding structure to hang without any visible anchoring or support.

The simplified cantilever design previously used for buildings, bridges and airplanes has been carried over to staircases to create various "floating" steps.

Moving from a standard staircase to one that does not need visible support is beneficial in that it creates an open space that exhibits a unique "floating" look that is extremely aesthetic.

Floating design

The floating structure is due to its structure. Because of its nature, it is imperative that the wall to which it is connected is strong and reliable enough to withstand the load. Console installations are available in the following forms:

straight;
L-shaped;
spiral;

curved.

Along with most architectural projects, the choice of materials for a cantilever staircase is close to infinity. One of the most common new styles includes wood, glass and stainless steel. The use of glass balustrades creates space within the home, allowing more light to enter the room.