Whatever house is built, its entire structure is always based on on the solid foundation of one kind or another. The value of this structural element simply cannot be overestimated - it is he who takes over and distributes all the main weight loads. As a rule, the foundation always protrudes somewhat above the ground, forming the so-called basement. And now the question inevitably arises before the owner of the house - how to finish the basement?

There are many options for solving such a problem. But first of all, it’s worth understanding - is it really necessary to finish the basement?

Why is the plinth lined?

Many homeowners see plinth trim only as a special design touch to the overall exterior of their home. The desire to make your home as beautiful as possible outwardly is quite understandable and justified, but it turns out that decorativeness in this case, although important, is still secondary. The main purpose of the basement cladding is still different:

• Even such a seemingly indestructible element of a building as a foundation needs protection from external influences. Facing minimizes the effect of precipitation, high humidity, temperature changes, and direct sunlight on the plinth material.
• The walls of the house at the level of the basement are most susceptible to pollution. The liquid mud that gets on them always contains a lot of chemically aggressive substances that can cause erosion processes even in monolithic concrete.
• The plinth should also be protected from the development of biological life forms on its surface - mold spots, fungus colonies, insect nests.
• If possible, buildings should also be considered. At first glance, it’s a paradox, why insulate it if all the living quarters are located higher. However, this view is erroneous:

- By itself, the basement array becomes a very capacious accumulator of cold, it does not even form a “bridge”, but a whole “highway” for the penetration of low temperatures into the premises, from which even a conscientiously insulated floor of the first floor may not be saved. A significant part of the energy resources spent on heating will simply be wasted.

- The material from which the foundation is made, be it concrete, brick or stone, under the influence of low winter temperatures can freeze through, which activates erosion processes and reduces its strength.

So, the conclusion is categorical - the basement needs a high-quality finish for both operational and decorative reasons. What type of finish to choose? This will depend on the design features of the building, and on the preferences of the owner of the property, and on its financial capabilities.

Types of materials used for finishing the basement

Plastering and painting

One of the easiest ways to finish is to apply a layer of durable plaster to the surface of the plinth.

One of the easiest options is plastering the basement.

This finish will create a good sewn layer, characterized by high vapor permeability. The main advantage of this method is its low cost and availability of materials. Doing such work yourself or finding a master plasterer is usually not a big problem. And options giving there is a lot of decorativeness to such a base.

• Firstly, it can simply be painted with special resistant facade paints. A wide range of shades is on sale, and there is always the opportunity to choose the most suitable for the intended exterior design of the building.
• Secondly, a great solution would be to apply a finishing layer. A wide palette of colors and "rich" textures should satisfy any homeowner's needs.

• But that's not all. If you show imagination, then even just a plastered surface can be given a very original look.

Stone? No, this is a plastered plinth ...

In the photo, the plinth, it would seem, is trimmed with stone. In fact, each "cobblestone" is nothing more than a slide of ordinary concrete mortar, hand-formed right on the surface of the base.

... "cobblestones" of which are molded by hand ...

To sculpt such "stones" no special skill is required - the main thing is to make a high-quality dense solution. Everything else is the imagination and efforts of the home master. After hardening, it remains to decorate with the help of dyes - and the plastered base will become indistinguishable from stone.

... and tinted with paint

The disadvantages of the technology for finishing the basement with plaster include the relative fragility of the coating - you will have to constantly monitor the condition of the applied layer and timely repair or update damaged, cracked areas.

Finishing the plinth with DSP panels with real stone and granite chips

Of course, stone is the best option for plinth sheathing. But the question of price stops many. Especially for those who want to get a reliable and “expensive” plinth for many years, Eskosell panels from the Komak Plat brand were developed.

DSP panels

You get natural stone for the price of plastic. How does this happen? The basis of the panels is a rigid CSP plate, on which a crumb of stone and granite is applied. The large size of the crumb (5-6mm) qualitatively distinguishes the panel from plaster and analogues. Eskosell can provide your home with high-quality protection against mechanical damage and vandalism, they easily tolerate changes in temperature and humidity. A layer of epoxy adhesive compound and natural stone chips is not only home decor, but also a protective waterproof layer. It should also be taken into account that Eskosell are made from natural ingredients and do not emit various harmful substances even in case of fire.

Panel types

Prices for cement-bonded particle boards (DSP)

Cement particle boards (DSP)

Benefits of Eskosell Stone Chip Rounding Panels:

• ECOLOGY: not containing substances such as formaldehyde, asbestos, phenol, etc.
• FIRE-RESISTANT (G1): in case of fire they do not melt and do not emit harmful components into the air;
• FROST-RESISTANT: installation can be carried out at any time of the year, they will not crack either from frost or from temperature changes;
• WATER RESISTANT: the front surface of the plate is moisture resistant;
• BIOSTABLE: Eskosell prevent mold and mildew;
• RELIABILITY: will serve you and your home for more than 50 years;
• VANDAL-RESISTANT: hard, solid, anti-vandal material;
• EASY INSTALLATION: can be mounted without additional elements, using self-tapping screws or glue.

Eskosell chip panels

Sheathing the plinth with panels can be done simply with the help of screws. Or glue it on with foam adhesive. Unlike other panels Eskosell do not require additional elements for installation.

Finishing the plinth with natural stone

This type of finish, of course, can be called "elite". A building with such a base always looks very advantageous, and has excellent performance characteristics and will last a very long time.

Plinth with natural stone cladding - looks very rich

For cladding, specially prepared stone slabs are used - slabs, usually 20 ÷ 30 mm thick, which can have either a regular geometric shape or uneven edges, which gives a special decorative effect.

The surface of the stone can also be chosen to your taste - from polished to a mirror finish to rough chips.

With all the beauty and practicality of this type of plinth finish, it also has many disadvantages:

• Such cladding has a very significant weight, therefore it gives an additional load on the foundation of the building, especially in cases where the basement has a large surface area. If it is planned to finish with natural stone, then this is usually calculated at the design stage of the building.
• Large mass of stone slabs predetermines the increased complexity of their installation. So, very often even the highest quality adhesive solution is not enough, so there is a need for additional reinforcement and the use of special stops.
• Another significant drawback is, of course, the price of the material and the cost of installation work, which are far from always available for independent execution.

Even the most inexpensive types of natural stone - shell rock or limestone - cost more than 1200 - 1500 rubles per m². Granite and marble, with a polished or chipped surface, are more expensive types.

Well, if there is a desire to achieve complete exclusivity, then wealthy homeowners sometimes resort to cladding with materials such as gabbro or even labradorite, the price of which is generally “sky-high”.

Video: lining the basement with sandstone

Facing with artificial stone

In the event that you really want to use the stone lining of the basement, but the material possibilities or the design features of the building make this impossible, you can resort to another option - to purchase an artificial stone.

The cost of an artificial analogue is much less, the mass of the material is not so significant, and the illusion of naturalness is almost complete.

This material is made from cement-containing mixtures, often with the addition of light fractions (for example, expanded clay crushed stone), special polymer plasticizers and micro-reinforcing components. Tiles are produced using vibrocasting technology in special silicone molds that exactly repeat the natural texture of the stone, or by hyperpressing.

Laying hyper-pressed tiles "under the stone"

The form of release may be different. So, piece tiles with standardized correct sizes are widely used. No less popular are sets that are assembled per unit area, individual tiles of which can have different linear dimensions. Such finishing of the basement is carried out in the usual way - laying on building tile adhesive for external work.

Canyon type artificial stone panels

To facilitate the installation of the plinth cladding, you can purchase ready-made panels made of artificial stone, for example, of the Canyon type. At the production stage, metal mounting brackets are embedded in their concrete structure, having a verified geometric arrangement. These parts make it possible to mount the finished panels on the surface of the plinth not on mortar, but on fasteners - an indisputable advantage, especially when facing along the guides of the subsystem.

Find out how to swipe with detailed instructions from our new article.

If desired, such panels can also be installed on an adhesive solution - brackets bent inward will only increase the reliability of adhesion to the surface.

Another option - artificial stone tiles are attached with a reliable polyurethane adhesive to a rigid base, with or without insulation - this can be a slab of OSB, fiber cement or glass-magnesite. Such a substrate greatly simplifies the installation of the cladding, and gives it additional thermal insulation qualities.

The well-thought-out locking part of the panels completely hides the joints between them, creating the effect of natural masonry. The texture of the outer surface can be chosen to your liking - rocks, crushed stone, tuff, slate, etc. Mosaic solutions are also popular, with the inclusion of artificial mini slabs different texture or color.

Prices for the range of plinth panels

Plinth panels

Finishing the plinth with brick or "under the brick"

Strictness always gives the building a special respectability and harmonizes perfectly with any possible type of decoration of the rest of the facade area. To achieve this effect, you can use one of the existing options:

• Plinth cladding with natural bricks. This approach has the advantage that it is possible to create a ventilated gap between the plinth itself and the cladding, or fill this space with insulating material. In addition, the brick itself will also serve as additional thermal insulation, especially if its hollow varieties are used. However, it must be remembered that the brickwork itself will need a strip foundation - this issue should be considered when planning construction. Although they act differently - they create their own support for the masonry, which will subsequently be combined with a concrete pavement around the foundation.

For lining the basement, various types of bricks are used.

- The heaviest - hyper-pressed, characterized by very high strength and extremely low water absorption - what is especially necessary for the plinth. You can buy bricks of various sizes - from the "Russian" standard 250 × 120 × 60 mm to the elongated "American".

- The most economical option is silicate brick, but it is not particularly popular for such finishing work.

- Ceramic bricks, including clinker ones, usually have a hollow internal structure, which significantly reduces the weight of the cladding itself and gives a pronounced thermal insulation effect.

• However, it is not always possible to perform real brickwork and, to be honest, it is far from always advisable, because such a decorative effect can be completely achieved by using facing.

A simpler and more affordable option - clinker tiles

The material of its manufacture is in no way inferior in its performance characteristics to brick, and properly laid tiles give an absolutely reliable visibility of full-fledged brickwork. A variety of sizes, colors, external textures, special ways of decorating the surface (according to the technologies of artificial aging, uneven firing, inclusion of additional fragments) allows you to give the base of the building absolutely unique view.

As a rule, collections of clinker facing tiles also include corner elements that make it possible to simplify laying as much as possible without violating its overall pattern.

• It will be even easier to veneer the protruding part of the foundation "under the brick" if you use the plinth panels.

They can be produced on a thermally insulating polyurethane foam or polystyrene base. Tiles (clinker or artificial stone) are located and fixed on it with exact observance of the rows of "brickwork", interlocking pazoridge connections will not allow you to make mistakes during installation. Spaces are provided for placing fasteners for mounting panels to a wall or subsystem rails. Be sure to have elements for decorating external corners without breaking the linearity and “spreading” the rows.

Socle thermal panels - both decorative finishes and reliable insulation

In this case, it is preferable - the panels are more durable, the tiles are glued into them especially reliably, they have higher thermal insulation qualities. If you have to purchase polystyrene foam panels, then preference should be given to extruded PPS of increased density.

Video: installation of basement thermal panels

• If there is no need to insulate the basement, then it is worth purchasing such panels without a thermal insulation layer. In this case, the basis for rows of clinker tiles can be glass-magnesite, OSB or fiber cement panels.

- Fiber cement - durable, environmentally friendly, high impact strength. However, they are quite heavy, which predetermines the complexity of installation. In addition, such panels do not like fracture loads, that is, they require special care during transportation and temporary storage.

- OSB-based panels have practically no drawbacks - they are light, environmentally friendly, not afraid of external influences, of course, with the proper quality of the base.

— Glass magnesite is the most modern solution, since the material does not burn, withstands heating to very high temperatures, is not afraid of frost, and is resistant to ultraviolet radiation. A particular advantage is the flexibility that allows do work on walls, even those with a slight curvature that could not be eliminated by other methods.

Regular Thickness glass-magnesite bases - 8 mm, and this does not reduce the strength of the products and does not weigh down the overall design of the cladding

Basement siding finish

The design features of the plinth or the entire facade cladding system do not always allow the use of natural or artificial stone (brick). It's okay, a very high-quality finish can also be done using basement siding, which will give full visibility to natural material.

Plinth trimmed with polymer panels - siding

Under the concept of "basement siding" lies a huge variety of finishes. Panels can seriously differ in size, design, and material of their manufacture.

Plinth siding is made of polyvinyl chloride, polymer sand mixtures, fiber cement, other composite materials. As a rule, the panels are mounted on subsystem guides (in rare cases, directly on the wall), which makes it possible to place the required thickness of the insulation layer.

The dimensions of the panels and their shape can also be very diverse. Most often, the panels have a locking part and specially provided areas for attaching them to the rails.

There are so many options for surface texture, imitation of a particular material, colors that it is difficult to even describe them very approximately.

In addition to the traditional structure, basement siding panels can also look like rounded wooden beams (block house), ship planks or roughly chipped shingles.

The original solution - basement siding, imitating wood shingles

The main advantage of this approach to finishing the plinth is the light weight of the material, ease of installation, relative durability of the resulting lining and ease of maintenance.

Video: stone-like polymer basement siding

A necessary element for finishing the basement - ebbs

The basement of the building can have a different location. So, it can be slightly "drowned" relative to the surface of the walls. There is a basement flush with the rest of the facade, although this option is considered the most unfortunate - the base is not adequately protected from precipitation. Most often, the base protrudes outward in the form of a kind of step. It is in this case that its decoration will lose its meaning if it is not accompanied by the installation of ebbs.

Mandatory element with a protruding base - ebbs

These structural finishing elements will reliably protect the protruding part of the foundation from direct precipitation, drain water from the basement surface, and prevent moisture from penetrating into the gaps between the wall and the cladding materials

Drains can be made from different materials.

• In most cases, metal castings are used, which are produced from galvanized sheet steel with a polymer coating, which also becomes additional protection against corrosion and gives the desired decorative effect.

The most common are polymer-coated steel

You can find ebbs from aluminum, and as the most expensive option - even from sheet copper: they will harmonize especially well with the copper roof of the building.

Exclusive option - ebbs from sheet copper

Video: installation of metal tides on the plinth

• Plastic moldings will cost a little less, but this material does not have the same durability as sheet metal, simply for reasons of lower mechanical strength. To protect the base, this option is used infrequently. Although, if the walls of the house are finished with PVC siding, then the polymer tide will look very advantageous.
• If the ledge of the basement is large enough, and its lining is made of brick or clinker tiles, then laying out tides from profiled ceramic (clinker) blocks becomes an excellent option.

They can be in the form of a brick with edges beveled to one side, or in the form of rectangular tiles with a plane inclined to the horizon to ensure that water drains. The surface is normal or with a glazed layer applied (smalt tiles).

Profiled clinker panels with smalt coating - beautiful, but expensive

This ebb belt looks very impressive. But, it is true, its arrangement will require large material costs and laborious a laying process that only a very highly qualified master can perform.

So, there are a lot of options for how to finish the basement. You should evaluate in advance your financial resources, the fundamental possibility, expediency, decorativeness and performance of the selected cladding, the availability of its independent implementation. Ideally, all these issues should be considered at the stage of drafting the future structure.

According to the architectural canons, the plinth is a part of the building lying on the foundation, and is considered as a transitional wall between the foundation and the outer walls of the house. The complex of works on the exterior finishing of the entire building includes measures for finishing the basement, while the finishing materials for the basement of the house are somewhat different from the materials chosen for finishing the walls of the house. This is due to the proximity of the basement to the ground, where it is more susceptible to moisture and cold air than the walls of the residential building themselves. Thanks to the development of modern technologies for finishing the exterior surfaces of residential buildings and the creation of new finishing materials, builders of private houses have received ample opportunities for arranging original and practical plinths within affordable prices.

After finishing the basement, it even visually differs from the building

Purpose and functions of the base

Builders and architects have different interpretations of the purpose of the basement. Builders consider the plinth as part of the foundation, while architects consider it to be the lower part of the wall.

This is interesting! From the point of view of ancient Italian architects, the plinth is an independent structural element - the foot of a building, column or monument, lying on the foundation (the Italian word "zoccolo" literally translates as a shoe with a wooden sole).

In accordance with building codes, the foundation walls must be raised above the ground to a height of 15 to 250 cm. This visible part of the base, called the foundation wall, is called the plinth. The basement is an intermediate structure that combines the load-bearing walls of the building with the foundation. On fig. below is a concrete foundation, in which the plinth is brick.

The construction of a brick base on the foundation

The main functions of the basement wall of the building are:

perception of the load from the upper part of the residential building (bearing function);

ensuring the stability of the building, creating a solid pedestal, the perception of linear deformations during the settlement of the house (support function);

protection of walls from the effects of atmospheric sedimentary moisture (waterproofing function);

providing thermal protection for basements (heat-insulating function);

fencing the space between the piles and the grillage in the case of a pile foundation (enclosing function);

creation of an appropriate architectural appearance of the erected building (architectural and decorative function).

Video description

More about the advantages of the basement on the video:

Differences between basement and basement

The basement floor, also called the ground floor, should not be confused with the basement and presented as a kind of dark, damp room.

It is important! The basement floor is located inside the perimeter of the foundation walls and can be equipped in buildings with any type of foundation. The basement can only be equipped inside the strip foundation. In some variants of foundations (such as piles), the plinth is simply absent. In the case of a pile foundation, the pile heads are raised above the ground to a height of at least 20 cm, and a grillage is laid on them, which serves as a support for the walls of the house.

On fig. Below is a house on a pile foundation, where the piles protrude at a considerable distance from the ground. To close the resulting free gap, a false plinth is formed by laying piers of facing bricks or sheathing piles with decorative panels such as siding. Finishing the foundation will be inexpensively provided by using materials used for the outer cladding of the facade, taking into account the location of the false base.

For such a house you need a false base

Using the example of false plinths, the main differences between the basement and the basement become clear:

The walls of the basement of the house are always load-bearing, the load from the upper floors of the building is partially distributed on them. The walls of the basement are not always load-bearing, but can only perform enclosing and architectural and decorative functions without the perception of weight loads from the building.

The ground floor can be buried to a slight depth or even be above ground. Basement - a room buried in the ground. The basement can be classified as a basement, while the basement is not always buried in the ground and cannot be considered a basement in such cases.

Ground options for the ground floor are preferable in regions with deep freezing of the soil and during construction in areas with closely spaced groundwater. The arrangement of basements in such cases is very difficult and is associated with significant financial costs.

Despite such a significant difference in purpose and design, the ground floor and the basement allow for identical practical applications in relation to each other - on their areas you can equip a workshop, a garage, plan a living room and even build a full-fledged sauna.

Types of base structures

Practiced options for finishing the basement of the house take into account its location relative to the plane of the outer wall (see the figure below):

Types of plinth location relative to the wall

a - protruding type;

b - in one plane (flush);

in - sinking.

The figure shows the following positions:

pos. 1 - outer wall;

pos. 2 - waterproofing;

pos. 3 - foundation.

The protruding type of foot (pos. a) gives the building the appearance of a powerful building of increased stability. From an architectural and aesthetic point of view, the protruding type is more advantageous than the foundation walls, made flush or recessed.

The appearance of the protruding plinth

However, they necessarily require the construction of a protective eaves with drain functions to prevent water from running off the walls onto the basement. The construction of a protruding foundation wall is advisable for houses with thin walls or when building a warm underground for its thermal protection, in order to compensate for the small thickness of the outer wall with its width.

A sinking-type basement (pos. c), when the outer wall (pos. 1) hangs over the foundation (pos. 3), is considered more effective and reliable in terms of protecting the waterproofing layer (pos. 2) from mechanical stress and atmospheric moisture. It is more economical in terms of material consumption, since the thickness is less, and the construction of a drain cornice is not required. But as for its aesthetic qualities, the opinions of architects differ diametrically. Some are convinced of the aesthetic loss due to the impression that the house has a reduced stability compared to the actual one. Other designers consider the outline of the sunken plinth to be more compact and modern.

It looks like a wall with a sinking plinth

Sometimes the plinth is built flush with the plane of the wall. It is believed that in such cases the waterproofing line is broken, and the location of the waterproofing layer itself looks random.

When constructing a plinth flush, it differs only in color

The purpose of the basement finish, requirements for finishing materials

The basement experiences a greater volume of loads than the underground part of the base of the building. Along with the weight load from the entire structure, it has to counteract the buoyancy forces from the soil during soil heaving, that is, the mechanical loads on the base turn out to be multidirectional.

It is clear that for finishing the surface of the basement wall, it is necessary to use materials with increased quality indicators compared to traditional cladding. In addition to mechanical loads, they must withstand the effects of the environment well:

temperature fluctuations;

negative impact of sedimentary moisture - rain, snow, melt water, condensing fog;

exposure to solar ultraviolet;

wind loads.

As a result, finishing the basement of the house is carried out for the following purposes:

minimizing the negative impact on the foundation and the lower layers of the outer walls of the weather conditions of the environment;

preventing the penetration of dirt and chemical compounds into the materials of the walls of a residential building, provoking the processes of destruction of the foundation;

protection of the foundation from the possible formation of mold, fungus, insects.

Video description

In the video, an example of how to veneer the basement of a house inexpensively and beautifully on a pile foundation:

Rough plinth protection

In order for the base to fully perform its functions for a long time, it must be protected from wind loads, temperature extremes, atmospheric and all-penetrating ground moisture. Before proceeding with the finishing of the basement wall, it is necessary to carry out a set of measures for the so-called rough protection of the basement. There are five main aspects of the draft protection of the basement from possible destruction and the prevention of distortions of the geometry of the building itself.

On our website you can find contacts of companies specializing in finishing materials for decoration of country houses. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Laying drainage communications along the perimeter of the basement wall

To create a drainage system for the basement, a trench is dug into which drainage pipes are laid with perforation over the entire surface. Through them, the moisture that has got inside will be diverted to the drainage well. A trench with drainage pipes laid in a special way is sprinkled with sand and gravel, then filled with earth.

Video description

In the video, an example of drainage for the basement:

Applying waterproofing to the outside of the basement wall

The basement is waterproofed after the initial waterproofing of the foundation base and armored belt. Sequence of work:

the foundation superstructure is coated with hot bitumen or bituminous mastic;

several layers of roofing material are applied on top;

covered with a penetrating waterproofing composition.

Production of blind areas

The blind area is called an inclined strip filled with concrete around the perimeter of the building, coming close to the basement wall. A slight slope "away from the wall" prevents water from accumulating near the foundation superstructure during rain or when snow melts. The width of the blind area must be at least 25 cm greater than the size of the roof extension. Sequence of work:

remove the top of the soil;

lay a drainage cushion of sand and gravel;

a layer of concrete is poured over the pillow with a slope from the wall.

Blind area for the foundation

Plastering the plinth surface

It is carried out in order to level and strengthen the surface. This reduces the likelihood of cracking, provoking subsequent possible destruction. Usually, in preparation for plastering, a metal mesh is pre-packed and then plaster is applied. To impart water-repellent properties to the solution, a plasticizer is added to it.

Installation of ebbs

These structural elements act as a protective visor for the foundation wall. The ebbs can be ceramic, steel or aluminum, plastic or brick.

Upon completion of the complex of protective measures, they proceed to the main finishing of the basement.

Plinth finishing methods

Among the methods of finishing the basement wall, practiced in private housing construction, the most popular are the following technologies:

applying decorative plaster, creating relief compositions imitating granite, marble or natural stones;

the use of decorative siding panels;

finishing with profiled sheet and corrugated board;

resin tiling;

facing with natural or artificial stones, facing bricks, clinker tiles;

sheathing with thermal panels;

finishing with slate and cement particle boards.

Photo of finishing the basement of the house - imitation of stone when finishing the basement

Finishing with decorative plaster

Finishing the plinth or facing the foundation cheaply without loss of operational and aesthetic qualities can be done by decorative plastering. The main advantages of this technique are:

sufficiently high vapor permeability;

resistance to temperature changes;

ease of application to the plastered surface;

wide variety of color palette;

good maintainability for repair and restoration work;

affordable price.

Additional Information. Experts believe that when comparing the entire range of indicators in terms of cost, quality, durability, maintainability and practicality of the coating, finishing the plinth with plaster turns out to be the most advantageous option.

Among the shortcomings, users note:

small operational resource;

the need for constant updating of the paint coating;

difficulties in washing the surface from contamination.

Modern trends in the artistic and decorative design of the facades of residential buildings did not leave without attention the plaster finish of the plinths.

Decorative plaster can give the surface any shape

In private homes, the most popular types of plaster are now used, creating exclusive compositions:

texture compositions used to create paintings, drawings, color mosaics;

glazing compositions that help in creating interesting effects;

relief decoration "under the stone".

siding finish

When finishing the basement of a private house in Moscow with its climate and colder regions, siding panels are often used - the term “basement siding” has even entered into construction practice. At its core, siding is a universal way to finish any surface of a house, however, basement sheathing panels are somewhat different from classic wall counterparts.

If wall siding is represented by panels with a thickness of 0.7-1.2 mm and a length of almost 4 meters, then reinforced panels are produced for the basement with a thickness of 2.5 to 3.0 mm (almost 3 times thicker than wall cladding!) And a length of 1 0-1.13 m with a width of up to 47 cm. This ensures increased resistance to mechanical damage, including accidental impacts, and rigidity with respect to temperature deformations.

Standard brick siding panel

In the Russian market of facing materials, basement siding is represented by plastic and metal panels that imitate natural stones, wood, and brick in texture. Plastic plinth panels are made from PVC and polypropylene resins, modified with special components to improve strength, resistance to fire and precipitation. Metal - steel and aluminum.

The main advantages of basement siding include:

increased strength and rigidity of each panel individually and of the assembled structure as a whole;

resistance to the negative effects of biological factors - fungus, mold, insects;

excellent moisture resistance;

increased mechanical strength in relation to impacts and chipping;

wear resistance to abrasive action of dust and debris particles;

small deformations due to temperature differences, building settlement or soil swelling;

wide temperature range of application - the panels do not lose their properties both in severe frost (up to minus 50 degrees C) and in heat exceeding + 50 degrees. C);

resistance to solar ultraviolet - the material does not quickly age, and the color does not fade;

excellent maintainability - if necessary, the panels are easily replaced;

ease of care - the panels are easily washed from dirt.

A significant disadvantage of basement siding is the need to equip a special frame, which significantly increases the cost of the finishing material and the laboriousness of finishing work.

Siding panels cannot be installed without crates

Installing basement siding panels also has its pros and cons. The advantages of the panel installation process include the following aspects:

panels are installed on any type of plinth;

no pre-leveling of the wall surface is required;

high culture and cleanliness of installation and installation works;

the fastening of the panels with the frame battens by means of self-tapping screws and with each other with spikes and clamps ensures a rigid fixation of the siding on the plinth.

Installation problems for plinth panels include:

the need to properly position the frame under the panels;

painstaking installation, the likelihood of marriage when connecting panels, which may subsequently affect the appearance of the base and its performance;

the need to use a special tool for cutting and fitting panels.

Finishing with profiled sheet and corrugated board

Facing the plinth with a profiled steel sheet is to some extent an analogue of the siding technology, only the plinth panels are replaced with a profiled sheet or corrugated board with a corresponding refinement of the frame. In addition to the protective function, finishing can also be performed for decorative purposes.

Video description

In the video, an example of finishing the basement of an old house:

The wave profile of the corrugated sheet is made more rigid than that of the corrugated board. According to their purpose, profiled sheets are used as roofing material, however, C13 corrugated board, having a wave height of 13 mm, is allowed for facing the plinths of private residential buildings. The thickness of the corrugated board is 0.6-0.7 mm, which is quite enough to create a solid sheathing of the foundation superstructure. The professional flooring is delivered with a galvanized or polymeric covering.

The advantages of a profiled sheet include:

high strength qualities;

external attractiveness, the possibility of implementing various types of design compositions;

resistance to corrosion and discoloration from environmental influences;

ease of installation, minimal laboriousness for installation on a plinth;

price availability.

It is important! Facing the basement with corrugated board refers to budget options for finishing foundation and basement walls and clearly outperforms other technologies in terms of price / quality.

Among the shortcomings, two factors can be noted:

the monotony of the corrugated pattern, which is perceived by some users as an indicator of an unpresentable interior;

the need to take into account the geometry of the overall design of the building, since the wave bends of the sheets may not correspond at all to the artistic style of the building (“do not fit” into the design).

The question of combining the drawings of the wall and the basement is one of the main ones when finishing the basement of a private house with a profiled sheet

Resin tiles

The plinth tiles produced with resin binders are only 3-5 mm thick. Tiles are easily bent at any angle, they can even be rolled up, so this facing material is commonly called flexible stone. The length of the tile varies from 24 to 36 cm with a width of 5 to 7 cm. Resin-based tiles are produced with a smooth and embossed surface that imitates the entire range of natural facing materials in color and texture - stone, wood, facing brick.

Facing from "flexible stone"

Due to their high flexibility, resin-based tiles can be easily laid on plinths of any configuration, including arcuate geometries. Features of the installation of such tiles are as follows:

when laying, the tiles are glued with special glue to the previously leveled and primed surface of the basement wall;

it is allowed to lay tiles directly on concrete surfaces and on the top layer of thermal insulation;

tiles are easily cut with a knife and large scissors;

the time of complete drying of the glue is 2-3 days.

Finishing with stone, brick, clinker tiles

Finishing the basement "under the stone" or "under the brick" gives the residential building solidity and monumentality. It is not at all necessary for home owners to spend money on granite, marble, rubble stone or brick. The decorative functions of finishing from natural stone materials are successfully performed by various types of facing tiles with a texture that imitates natural stones or bricks.

Natural stone tiles

It is a complete decorative alternative to classic stone foundation masonry. On the back side, the tile is smooth, and on the front side, the stone is not processed, retaining its natural originality.

Facing with natural stone is an excellent option for finishing the foundation of a wooden house

Facing tiles "under the stone", imitating natural stones, are made on a cement-sand basis with the addition of paint, plasticizers and protective compounds. Artificial stones have high strength characteristics, do not absorb water, and are easy to clean with a water jet. Artificial stone is more ductile than natural stone, so it can better withstand accidental impacts and sudden temperature changes.

Facing "under the stone"

Clinker

Clinker tiles are a variant of facing bricks made by annealing a special refractory clay. Sintered clay is very hard and its glossy surface is highly hydrophobic. After laying, clinker tiles create an imitation of brickwork.

It is important! Clinker tiles are highly chemically inert to negative environmental influences and surpass natural and artificial stones in their durability.

Facing the basement with clinker - as an option, how to finish the foundation of the house from the outside

Facing brick is a natural ceramic product that fully imitates brickwork. It has high heat-insulating and strength qualities, which are so necessary to protect the basement and the entire facade.

Plinth trimmed with facing brick

Finishing basement thermal panels

Socle thermal panels are facing tiles equipped with a heater on the inside. The facing decorative material of thermal panels is clinker tiles imitating natural stones, brick, shell rock, porcelain stoneware tiles or ordinary ceramic tiles imitating "brick-like". Polyurethane foam or extruded polystyrene foam is used as a heater. The thickness of the insulation layer is 20-80 mm.

Note! Practice has shown that the use of thermal panels with foamed polystyrene for lining the basement wall is unacceptable. This type of insulation is short-lived and is characterized by weak heat-shielding properties.

Thermal panels are exterior decoration and insulation

Finishing with slate and cement particle board

Finishing the basement base with flat slate is a good budget option for the exterior of the house. Asbestos fiber, Portland cement and water are used to make flat slate. The lining of the basement wall is recommended to be made of pressed slate, which is much denser and stronger than its unpressed counterpart. The main advantages of slate materials include:

resistance to aggression of sedimentary moisture;

low coefficient of water absorption;

resistance to low temperatures and sudden temperature changes;

resistance to open flame, slate sheets do not burn;

slate can be painted using acrylic primer and acrylic or silicone paint;

long service life within 25-30 years.

Of the shortcomings, the following factors are necessarily mentioned:

increased fragility - slate is able to collapse from the effects of a dynamic nature, for example, from being hit by a stone;

asbestos dust generated when cutting sheets during installation is extremely harmful to humans. Sheets are processed only in respirators.

Budget options for finishing the basement

Cement-bonded particle boards (DSP) are made by pressing wood shavings with cement. CBPB is based on chips of a large fraction, the upper layer is formed from chips of a finer fraction. On the building materials market, DSP is offered with a sheet thickness of 8-36 mm. For finishing the basement wall, sheets with a thickness of 16 to 20 mm are used.

The advantages of the DSP are as follows:

good moisture resistance;

resistance to low ambient temperatures;

high degree of fire safety of DSP sheathing;

resistance to decay;

ease of machining.

There are two disadvantages:

the large weight of each element of the skin;

service life does not exceed 15 years.

Finishing the basement in a wooden house

When finishing the foundation of a wooden house and lining the basement, special attention is paid to the careful implementation of waterproofing and thermal insulation of the entire basement belt around the building. The wood from which the walls of the dwelling are built is susceptible to the processes of decay and mold reproduction, and is vulnerable to excess sediment and ground moisture. Only reliable protection of the base will prevent the penetration of liquid into the wall part and prevent it from freezing in the cold season. After taking measures for waterproofing and thermal protection of the basement, it can be finished using the technologies described above.

Finishing the plinth of a wooden house

Conclusion

The resource of long-term trouble-free operation of a residential building depends on the strength and reliability of the basement belt around the building. With the destruction of the basement, a destructive reaction of the building begins, leading to a deterioration in the appearance of the building and a decrease in its strength qualities, up to local destruction of the walls and foundation. Any way to finish the basement to a certain extent protects and ennobles the facade of the building. Developers are only required to achieve an optimal match between price, quality and decorative properties of the finishing material, so that the basement cladding does not stand out from the overall picture of the building's appearance.

The basement is one of the most important parts of the building. This is a kind of support, which is subjected to constant negative environmental influences. Finishing the basement of a private house not only gives it an aesthetic appearance, but also protects it from adverse factors. Therefore, finishing materials must be moisture-resistant, frost-resistant, reliable and durable.

Much of the building's foundation is below ground level and hidden from view. The protruding part above ground level is called the plinth. According to the norms, the height of the basement from the ground must be at least 20 cm. It is usually made of brick, stone or concrete slabs.

The construction of a stone plinth is the most practical solution, since the structure does not need additional finishing. However, it is worth considering that this is the most costly way. Brick plinth masonry is more affordable. This material is environmentally friendly, has low and good strength characteristics.

Facing the basement of the house is not only aesthetic. This is a reliable protection of the building from external influences. Finishing materials that will be used for sheathing the basement must have a high level of strength. Together with the plinth, its cladding will take the load created by the wall structures of the building and evenly distribute it over the foundation of the building. It must withstand pressure and protect the base from external factors such as precipitation, sunlight, humidity, temperature fluctuations.

Finishing material protects the foundation of the building from damage by mold, fungus and various types of insects. The lining of the basement is carried out in order to insulate the building. It is also necessary to protect the foundation from severe frosts, under the influence of which its strength decreases and the erosion process develops.

Leaving the surface of the plinth without sheathing will contribute to its slow destruction as a result of constant exposure to dry or liquid dirt containing aggressive chemicals and minerals.

Various options for finishing the basement of a private house, the photos clearly confirm this, turn the building into a masterpiece of design art, making it look complete and unique.

Varieties of basement structures

There are main variations of structures that are used for projects of houses with a plinth:

• protruding beyond the surface of the walls;
• flush with the building;
• sinking, relative to the wall.

Most often, when building a private house, a photo of the basement of the house clearly confirms this, using the first two options. A protruding plinth is recommended when a house is built with thin exterior walls, a warm underground is used, or a basement is provided in the building. In these cases, this type of plinth will provide the building with additional thermal insulation.

If the basement is made flush with the building, when thin walls are used for its construction, dampness and condensation in the interior are inevitable. Here it is most problematic to mount thermal insulation and perform finishing.

Important! When choosing these types of plinth, you should take care of the arrangement of low tides in advance.

The sinking base is less damaged by the influence of precipitation. Here you can easily hide the waterproofing, equip the insulation and complete the cladding with the necessary materials, which contributes to a longer service life. This type of plinth is recommended for buildings without a basement. Finishing materials for the plinth will perceive the pressure of the soil, performing a supporting function, thereby maintaining the safety of the entire structure.

The procedure for finishing the basement of the house

All work on the lining of the basement structure is carried out at the final stage of production - the exterior of the building. Work is best done in warm, dry weather. The basement sheathing consists of the following steps, which are performed in a certain sequence:

1. A trench is dug 20 cm deep, 50 cm wide around the entire perimeter of the building.
2. Filling the space with gravel to provide drainage. Additionally, the trench can be strengthened using a reinforcing mesh.
3. The surface of the wall, 50-70 cm high for the future plinth, is cleaned of dirt and processed. If necessary, all irregularities are eliminated.
4. Arrangement of thermal insulation.
5. Decorative lining of the plinth.

The choice of facing material and the way it is laid depends on the design of the plinth and the method of its outflow.

Arrangement of low tides for the basement of the foundation

To protect the basement from the negative effects of precipitation, an ebb should be installed, which is fixed above the protruding part of the basement, and is a kind of delimiter between the base of the building and the wall structure. One part is in contact with the wall at a certain angle, and the other hangs over the foundation, blocking it, collecting rain and melt water.

Ebb for the plinth are slats with a size of 50-400 mm. The color, size and shape of the tides should be selected depending on the finishing material of the foundation. A water-repellent structure can be made independently using waterproof materials, or you can buy ready-made ebbs for the foundation base at any hardware store.

Today, the industry produces several varieties of ebbs:

• plastic;
• metal;
• concrete;
• clinker.

The type of tide is selected based on the finishing material for the facade of the building. The most successful plastic ebbs are combined with vinyl siding, which is used for building cladding. Due to the wide range of colors, you can choose the most suitable option. The use of concrete or clinker flashings for the plinth is preferable for buildings that are lined with natural stone or brick. Metal visors can be used with any kind of finishing material.

Varieties of ebbs

The most budget option is to use plastic ebbs made of polyvinyl chloride. The cost of the product is 50 rubles. for 1 running meter Despite the high rate of water resistance, ebbs are highly sensitive to physical impact, especially in winter, when they can crack and split from the slightest blow.

Useful advice! Due to the fact that plastic ebbs have increased fragility, preference should be given to more durable and expensive products.

The most durable and durable are ebbs made of metal: steel, copper or aluminum. Installation of products is convenient and simple, and is determined by fastening metal strips to the walls of the building using self-tapping screws and dowels. When choosing this material from a wide range of types, special attention should be paid to the aesthetic appearance of the product so that it creates the completeness of the overall design of the building. The price of the product starts from 100 rubles/p.m.

Useful advice! When mounting the base sills, the strips should be overlapped one after another by at least 30 mm. To avoid damage to the protective layer of the product, which will lead to the formation of corrosion and destruction of the material, do not cut the planks.

Metal castings are made from high-quality and frost-resistant cement of the M450 brand with the addition of river sand, crushed granite and plasticizers. The solution is poured into silicone molds of various geometric parameters. The result is a flat and smooth product. These ebbs are attached to a special solution.

Ebb for the basement of the foundation, the price of which is the highest and starts from 200 rubles. for 1 running meter, these are products made of clinker tiles. This material has high strength characteristics, reliably protects the building from the negative effects of the environment and successfully emphasizes the design of the cladding.

Drain mounting technology

After choosing the ebb, you can proceed to its installation. Here, one should take into account not only the material from which the ebbs are made, but also the design features of the building. So, for a wooden house, elements that will be fastened with self-tapping screws or other fasteners are suitable. Since wood has low adhesion and is afraid of dampness, the use of adhesives is impractical.

For buildings made of brick or facing stone, ebbs can be used, which will be attached using polymer or cement-adhesive mortars.

Useful advice! When using concrete or ceramic sills, their installation should be carried out simultaneously with the plinth and wall cladding.

If it is necessary to install ebbs on a building already finished with facing material, then it is better to use metal or vinyl elements.

Before installing the ebbs, it is necessary to seal the joints of the walls with the plinth. All cracks and crevices should be treated with a water-repellent mixture, or sealed with a sealant. Next, you need to use the level to mark the wall. The highest point of the base is determined and a horizontal line is drawn along which the upper part of the tide will be mounted. The part of the foundation that protrudes must be compared with a horizontal plane using a cement screed. The lower part of the tide will rest on it.

Important! The ebb plane relative to the wall should be located with a slope of 10-15%.

Installation of metal and plastic sills

The installation of sills should be started from the corner, using special corner elements that can be purchased together with planks of the same width and color. Next, you need to finish all the protruding parts of the building structure: columns, pilasters and others.

Related article:

What materials are used for castings. Which of them is better to choose and in which case. Drainage installation.

In the upper part of the tide, holes are drilled with a drill at a distance of 40-50 cm from each other. Further, the element is applied to the previously outlined line on the wall of the house and is attached to it with dowels with self-tapping screws. The lower part of the tide is attached to the concrete base of the plinth with a dowel-nails in increments of 40-50 cm. The junction of the tide with the wall should be sealed with a putty or silicone compound.

Important! During the installation of the ebb, it should be borne in mind that it should protrude 2-3 cm beyond the edge of the base, which will provide better protection during precipitation.

After sheathing all corners and protruding elements, it is necessary to proceed with the installation of ebbs on straight sections. You need to start from one of the corners. Each next element should be overlapped on the previous one by at least 3 cm. All joints should be treated with a sealant to prevent moisture ingress.

Installation of concrete and clinker sills

Clinker and concrete sills should be mounted at the stage of facing the facade of the building, since their adjustment to size during installation is a laborious process.

These types of ebbs are better combined with facing materials such as brick, clinker tiles, natural or. For their fastening, a special adhesive composition for ceramics and stone, which is intended for outdoor use, should be used. It is purchased in the form of a dry mixture created on a cement or polymer basis, and with the help of water it is brought to the state of thick sour cream. The solution can be made independently, using cement and building sand in a ratio of 1:3 or 1:4.

Installation of concrete and clinker sills also starts from the corner. In order to avoid difficult processing of concrete sills, they should be pre-positioned in such a way as to minimize their cutting. This can be achieved by using the right size of the seam between the elements. You can adjust the dimensions of clinker products by using a tile cutter or a grinder with a diamond cutting wheel.

An adhesive mixture is applied to the back of each element. The tide is fixed strictly along the previously outlined line. After waiting some time for the solution to set, putty or silicone sealant is applied to the joints between the casting elements. After the adhesive has completely set, the walls of the building can be clad.

Foundation plinth waterproofing

The basement of the building is constantly in difficult conditions. It perceives a significant load from the above-ground part of the building and is in contact with the external environment, being under the influence of moisture. To protect an important part of the house from destruction, it is necessary to provide for a number of measures, one of which is the arrangement of waterproofing of the foundation basement.

Waterproofing can be horizontal and vertical. Usually a complex of works is performed, which includes both methods. Horizontal waterproofing is performed before the walls are erected and is aimed at protecting them from moisture. However, in order to provide a complete protective package of measures, it is also necessary to perform waterproofing between the foundation and the plinth.

Vertical waterproof protection is aimed at preventing the negative impact of surface and ground water on brick or concrete. Such isolation can be external and internal. The best effect has a double-sided protection against moisture.

Today, pile foundations are predominantly used in the construction of buildings. Here the plinth plays not only a decorative role, but also protects the house from heat loss. Despite the fact that this element is not load-bearing and does not have a direct impact on the durability of the structure, waterproofing the basement is mandatory.

Materials for waterproofing the plinth from the outside

Coating, roll and injection compounds with a penetrating effect are widely used as materials that are used for waterproofing the basement of the foundation.

To protect the foundation from the effects of groundwater, rolled waterproofing is often used, which can be welded or pasted over. Fused insulation consists of a base in the form of fiberglass, polyester or fiberglass and applied mastic. Adhesive waterproofing is laid on the surface of the foundation using bituminous mastic, which is first applied to the rolled material and to the monolith, then the element is glued, pressed and smoothed.

The main advantage of the roll material for the base plate is its low cost and high installation speed. However, this type of waterproofing is poorly resistant to mechanical stress and has a short service life. It cannot be used in places of passage or junction of communications. Before installation, clean the surface from dust and dirt, and dry thoroughly.

Bitumen, polymer, bitumen-polymer mastics, binder plasters and cement coatings are used as coating waterproofing materials, which are applied to the foundation surface with a brush or roller. This type of insulation is used for water pressure up to 2.6 kgf/cm².

Useful advice! To ensure increased strength of waterproofing after the first layer of mastic, it is recommended to reinforce the surface with fiberglass, and apply subsequent layers on top of it.

The material has a low cost and can be applied to the surface of any configuration. However, it is not durable, it requires preparatory work and the creation of additional protection against mechanical stress.

The use of injection and penetrating compounds is the latest technology for waterproofing a structure. The penetrating material is applied to the damp surface of the concrete base. Reacting with water, the composition turns into crystals that penetrate into the pores of the concrete, making it waterproof. The penetration depth reaches 150-250 mm.

Injection waterproofing is carried out using a liquid solution, which is injected under pressure into the cracks, pores and seams of the structure. This method can be used for waterproofing a building made of rubble and brick. The use of this waterproofing is a very time-consuming process that requires cleaning the structure to concrete or brick, and the complexity of the execution of the work itself requires the involvement of an experienced craftsman. In addition, such isolation is the most expensive.

Features of waterproofing a brick basement

Ceramic brick is most often used for the construction of a basement. The device of its waterproofing can be carried out by various methods.

For the construction of walls, solid red brick can be used. This building material has already been factory processed, where a layer of waterproofing was previously applied to it. Therefore, using this brick for the construction of a building, external waterproofing can not be equipped. Despite the fact that the cost of this material is relatively high, these costs are offset by the fact that after laying the brick, no other work is required.

The next way to waterproof a brick basement is to use bituminous grease, which is applied in several layers in cold or hot form.

Rarely, polyurethane foam spraying is used to insulate the basement. This is due to the fact that in order to perform such a thermal protection option, it is necessary to use special equipment, certain chemical components and attract highly qualified workers. The essence of the method is that the foamed polyurethane foam is sprayed onto any surface. Expanding, it penetrates into all voids and securely adheres to the base, forming a dense coating. This material can be used not only for spraying, but also for filling individual voids and areas.

Do-it-yourself technology for insulating the basement of the foundation from the outside with foam plastic

At the preparatory stage, it is necessary to prepare the foundation surface by cleaning it of old insulation, dirt and dust. Next, you should equip a layer of waterproofing to protect the structure from rain, ground and snow water. Any type of waterproofing is suitable for penoplex, with the exception of compounds with organic components.

Work begins with the insulation of the underground part of the foundation. For this purpose, PPS boards are attached using a specialized contact adhesive, which is applied around the perimeter of the product and in the center. The second level should be laid with a gap between the joints between the plates in relation to the lower level. After installation, all slots are filled with mounting foam.

The basement insulation layer with foam plastic requires additional protection against mechanical damage. To do this, an alkali-resistant reinforcing mesh is fixed on the plates, which is subsequently plastered with a solution with hydrophobic additives. Also, as protection, you can use wooden tongs, which are attached to the plates with dowel-nails. Wood must first be subjected to antiseptic, antifoam and hydrophobic treatment.

The final stage is the finishing of the plinth with facing materials.

Facing the basement of the house: what material is better to choose

Do-it-yourself plinth finishing is carried out with various materials that reliably protect and decorate its surface. This process must be carried out before wall cladding in order to be able to hide the ebbs under the wall finishing material.

The plinth cladding material must have the following performance characteristics:

• have low thermal conductivity to avoid heat loss from the building;
• provide reliable and strong adhesion to the base;
• have a high indicator of strength and wear resistance to mechanical damage;
• have low hygroscopicity and vapor permeability to prevent moisture penetration into the foundation and wall panels.

Today, when the question is raised, how to finish the basement of a house, the following materials are used that fully meet the above requirements:

• clinker or porcelain tiles;
• natural or artificial stone;
• brick;
• PVC panels or basement siding;
• profiled sheet;
• decorative or mosaic plaster.

For lining the base of the strip foundation, you can use any finishing material. But when the question arises, how to close the basement of a house on screw piles, you should give preference to brickwork, siding or profiled sheet.

Before deciding how to finish the basement of the house from the outside, it is necessary to take into account some of the nuances:

• lining the base with thick material, it is necessary to install a low tide above its protruding part;
• wanting to expand the foundation, it is better to use brickwork;
• when mounting or corrugated board, you must first install a frame, the space of which can be filled with a heat insulator for additional insulation of the foundation;
• frame-facing technology allows you to carry out work at any time of the year.

Using plaster for plinth cladding

When the question is: how to inexpensively finish the basement of a house, the answer is obvious - use plaster. However, this option is the least durable, and also has an unaesthetic appearance. Such a lining is easily damaged by any mechanical influences and does not provide adequate protection of the base from external factors. However, this method is widely used due to its low cost. It is also acceptable in the case of building a brick base on a strip foundation.

Plastering itself is not the final stage. To protect the layer from moisture and environmental influences, acrylic, alkyd, silicone paint, water-based or oil composition should be applied to it, which in turn decorates the base. The photo of finishing the house clearly demonstrates the various options for using plaster.

Useful advice! Enamel paints are not recommended for painting the plinth. They do not pass air and are environmentally unsafe.

Often, decorative plaster is used, which creates the effect of a fur coat and can be colored when using a dye. The use of mosaic plaster allows you to create a multi-colored mosaic on the surface, which is due to the presence of small crumbs in the initial mixture. The presence of resin, as a binder, gives the composition increased water resistance.

To solve the question of how to make a plinth around the house with your own hands with the effect of natural stone, the use of a special silicone stamp will help, with which prints are made on the plastered surface.

In private houses, the basement finish with a profiled sheet is widely used. The material has a high moisture resistance, is resistant to temperature fluctuations, is durable, easy to process and can be easily mounted on a wooden crate. However, corrugated board is not suitable as a finishing material for wooden buildings due to the fact that it is susceptible to corrosion under the influence of high humidity, which can lead to rotting of wood.

Profiled sheets are often used to finish the plinth of a pile-screw foundation, where it must be closed for reliable weather protection.

Features of using brick for finishing the basement

One of the expensive finishing materials is brick. However, having high strength and performance characteristics, it allows you to create a strong, reliable and durable protection. This material is suitable for any type of foundation. For brickwork, slotted, hollow, hyperpressed or ceramic bricks should be used. Work begins with the arrangement of the base for masonry.

If the brick is used to build the basement itself, it does not need additional finishing. However, here you should choose high-quality material in order to solve two problems at once: utilitarian, protecting the walls of the house from external influences, and aesthetic, giving the building a decorative look. In deciding which brick is better for the foundation basement, it is necessary to give preference to red burnt brick, which is resistant to aggressive environments.

In the case of finishing the plinth of the pile-and-screw foundation with brickwork, it is necessary to install the base in the form of a strip of reinforced concrete or a metal profile. Bricklaying occurs with dressing. To connect the elements, a cement-sand mortar is used. The thickness of the seams is 10-12 mm.

Facing the basement of a private house is important, so you should carefully consider the choice of material for work. It acts not only as a decorating element, but also is a reliable protection of the entire building from the effects of atmospheric and mechanical factors.

The basement is the above-ground part of the foundation, and at the same time the lower part of the facade of your house from the outside. Like the entire base, the base will have to be protected from moisture, freezing, and make sure that myriads of fungi and insect colonies do not settle on its surface. Otherwise, the foundation will begin to collapse. To do this, after completing the capital work, you will need to clad the base - protect the entire surface with a waterproof layer of material.

How can you finish the basement at home

The base can be sinking when the plinth contour is inside the outer wall contour. The water that flows down the walls, in this case, does not fall on the base at all. Sometimes the walls of the house are built flush with the walls of the foundation, or the basement extends beyond the walls of the house, then it is called speaking. In any case, this part of the foundation is especially in need of protection.

You can take any of the materials you like, the main requirement is that the finish should protect the upper part of the foundation from moisture. If everything is in order with this, choose the option that you will enjoy looking at every day, and which will suit you at a cost.

There are a few general rules to keep in mind.

1. The side surface of the base must be strictly vertical
2. The upper cut of the protruding base must have a slope. Then it will be possible to install an ebb on it, through which water will flow down without falling on the side surface.
3. The surface of the plinth must be prepared: cleaned, sanded, treated with an antiseptic and, if it is hopelessly uneven, apply a layer of primer.

The scheme of fastening the ebb to the base

№ 1 . You can cover the surface of the plinth. The composition of the plaster for the foundation walls includes sand or a cement-sand mixture, mineral and polymer additives. This is a traditional and budget way. Its minus is laboriousness. Standard technology requires that the coating be applied after special preparation in several layers.

On a clean and flat surface of the plinth, you will need to lay a metal or fiberglass mesh and fix it with dowels - plastic fastening spikes with a wide neck. The mesh will strengthen the structure and help hold the applied layers of plaster.

The first layer is sand and cement in a ratio of 2.5: 1, the mixture of which is diluted with water until the density of the dough. With this solution, you will make a slope on the upper edge of the base and fix it with a board. Boards will also be required in order to limit the corners. To make the solution layer even, use special ones. Install them vertically over the entire height of the plinth. Fill with mortar the space around the foundation walls that you have limited with boards and beacon profiles.

After installing the limiter profiles, you will need to prepare two more layers. One, liquid, is applied with a thickness of 4 mm over the entire surface, has the consistency of liquid sour cream and is not leveled. It consists either of a mixture of sand and cement in a ratio of 3:1, or of a cement-lime cocktail with a ratio of cement and lime of 2:1. While it hardens, you can prepare a primer - the same as for preparatory work, similar to dough and thick. You will apply it on the base with a layer of 2-3 cm. After it hardens, make a grout - again a liquid layer 2 mm thick. Before smearing it on the wall, moisten the surface.

Important: layers of the mixture can only be laid sequentially, on one side of the base. Process the next face when the previous one dries.

After you apply and dry all layers of the coating, remove excess boards and beacons, and level the surface. You can cover the foundation walls. You can also cover the plinth. Sometimes stone or travertine is imitated from the same cement-sand mixture. This way to ennoble the walls of the base is cheap, but takes time.

The cost of materials, if you decide to plaster the base using the above technology, per square meter can be calculated as follows:

Material type	Cement-sand mixture	Grid	Decorative plaster	beacon profile
Consumption per 1 m 2	12 kg with a layer thickness of 1 cm
Material price, in rubles	9.5 rubles / 1 kg	30 rubles \ 1 m 2	25-100 rubles \ 1 kg	10-30 rubles \ 1 m
Cost per 1 m 2	340 rubles		90-370 rubles	5-15 rubles

Important: the insulation must overlap the floor line, otherwise a cold bridge will form and the house will lose heat. Between the insulation and the panel, make a layer of waterproofing - roll waterproofing is suitable: and its analogues or a moisture-resistant membrane.

You will also need additional elements: internal and external corners, starting and finishing strips into which panels are inserted, ebbs for finishing the protruding cut of the basement, ventilation grilles. You will also need fasteners - self-tapping screws, nails, washers.

Important: before you start installing the panels, treat the surface of the base with an antiseptic, and then with a primer.

The average cost of one panel is from 400 to 1400 rubles. To veneer one square meter of the base, two panels are required. Insulation, if you choose foamed polystyrene foam, will cost about 250-300 rubles per 1 m2. All other costs can be estimated at about 10% of the cost of basic materials, and you get the total cost of finishing.

Service life of siding panels - 50 years. The disadvantage is that the basement, if you finish it with siding, will increase in volume. Another point - if you violate the installation technology and do not completely seal the seams, condensate will begin to accumulate on the walls of the foundation.

№3 . , or profiled sheet- embossed metal sheets. They are painted with water-, heat- and light-resistant paints or special coatings that repeat the look and structure of wood or brick. Traditionally, such steel sheets were used to cover roofs. But to decorate the basement with them is quite a suitable option. You can arrange thermal insulation under this coating.

Decking is marked in accordance with GOST 24045. The letters at the beginning of the designation indicate the purpose: C - only for wall fencing, or for cladding, HC - for flooring and wall fencing, H - only for flooring, including roofing and ceilings - for the basement this option is redundant. Important marking parameters are the height of the profile, which is indicated immediately after the letter designation, the dimensions of the sheet and the presence of a coating. The working width of the sheet is always slightly less than the real one, this figure follows the height of the profile. The sheet coating can be paint-and-lacquer or polymer, the latter being less sensitive to mechanical damage and frost.

One square meter of corrugated board costs an average of 300-700 rubles. To the cost, you need to add the cost of the frame, fasteners and anti-corrosion agents for cuts and seams. The technology is almost the same as when finishing with siding, but the sheets are overlapped. In order not to cut sheets to the desired height on site and avoid the cost of excess material, order sheets of the desired length immediately. Otherwise, if you take a sheet 1 m long with a base height of 40 cm, a piece of 20 cm long will remain from one sheet, which cannot be used for cladding.

The disadvantage of corrugated board is that if the coating is broken, the metal will suffer from corrosion. But if you properly process the ends and cover them with an anti-corrosion compound or paint them, the service life of the profiled sheet on the base will be 20-25 years.

№4 . Clinker tiles- pressed clay ceramic tiles, which are fired once at a temperature of 1200 0 C. Thanks to this technology, the tiles have a water absorption level of 1-6% and low thermal conductivity. It can cover the concrete, wooden or brick walls of the basement. Clinker tiles are not afraid of frost and are neutral to the action of aggressive chemical compounds. Clinker tiles are laid in the same way as any other ceramic tiles - from the bottom up, from the corners, on a special solution, and then the seams are overwritten. It is better to make the seams as wide as possible - otherwise the condensate that forms inside the thermal circuit of the house will not come out. Under the panels of clinker tiles, you can also put insulation, and fix the panels with glue.

Finishing the plinth with clinker tiles

The cost of facing with clinker tiles can be calculated as follows: 1m 2 tiles costs 1200-3500 rubles. The grout consumption depends on the laying method, the width of the joints, the height of the tile. For tiles with dimensions of 200x100x14 with a joint width of 15 mm, you will need about 5 kg per 1m 2. The cost of grouting this area can be 200-300 rubles. It is also necessary to take into account the insulation and glue, or mortar.

The service life of clinker tiles is equal to the service life of the building itself, if you lay it correctly.

№5 . Polymer sand tiles also suitable for trimming the basement. The advantages are that it perfectly tolerates temperature changes, does not wear out, does not fade in the sun. The composite material of the tile will withstand the test of acids and alkalis, which contain groundwater and rainwater in excess. The tiles are easy to cut. It can be laid on a solution or on glue.

The cost per square meter of tiles is 800-900 rubles. Since this material appeared on the market 20 years ago, it is difficult to estimate the actual service life. According to information from manufacturers, polymer sand tiles will last 50 years.

Another plinth can be finished with natural stone, brick, porcelain stoneware. All these methods are also used, but natural stone will most likely be extremely expensive. If you will clad the walls with bricks, keep in mind that there should be a concrete base under the brickwork around the entire perimeter. In general, in order to lay a brick, you will need tens of kilograms of mortar and weeks of your time. You can get by with an option that imitates a brick, but it turns out to be stronger and more durable.

Building yard

5 best basement finishing materials

The long-awaited moment of completion of construction has come, there are mere trifles left: to complete the cladding of the facade of the building, not forgetting, of course, the basement. This name refers to the part of the foundation that rises above ground level. The basement needs reliable reinforcement and must be in harmony with the overall exterior of the building.

Plinth cladding options

The construction market offers many ideas for plinth cladding. The materials used for these purposes come in different configurations, they can only be classified according to the feedstock, so there are the following options:

• stone;
• siding;
• plaster;
• tile.

All methods are good in their own way and they usually choose the one that suits the cost and the overall design project of the building. Some difficulty will be the choice of a suitable plinth design for a wooden house - far from all possible finishing materials are suitable here. Let's consider each option in more detail.

Stone plinth cladding

A good choice, natural and artificial stone are durable and have high strength characteristics. Do-it-yourself installation of stone finishes is not always available, so labor costs for employees may increase. In the assortment of various colors and textured solutions, you can choose how to finish the basement of the house. You can buy some varieties of artificial stone relatively inexpensively, but here, as always, the price / quality principle works.

Siding installation

Of all the variety, it is better to use special plinth panels. The maintenance of such a decor is minimal, the surface can be washed and, if necessary, easily replaced. The disadvantage in use is the laborious installation process, which includes the installation of a special crate and guide. Do not forget about the necessary tolerances for temperature deformations. With your own hands, some types of siding are quite problematic to install. Often the plinth of a wooden house is sheathed with siding.

The simplest and most affordable method is surface plastering. At the same time, you can additionally insulate the base with polystyrene foam or polystyrene. Such decor will decorate any building, except perhaps a wooden one.

The undoubted advantages of plastering include:

• moisture and temperature resistance;
• low cost;
• the possibility of doing it yourself;
• simple work algorithm.

The disadvantages will be low strength and service life compared to similar materials, the need for regular painting and surface dressing. Washing off serious dirt without a trace will also fail, so caring for such surfaces often comes down to regular repairs.

In some cases (large differences in surface level, thick application layer), it is better to use an additional reinforcing mesh. This will slightly increase the cost of finishing, but will give the plaster sufficient rigidity and strength. The use of decorative plaster is much more effective than the usual solutions, but its cost will also be an order of magnitude higher. In addition, applying decorative plaster with your own hands requires the necessary skills.

Installation of tile materials

A variety of tile materials are also used as exterior cladding.

These include porcelain stoneware or quartz agglomerate - a slab of quartz or granite chips, fastened together with resinous substances. Agglomerate is characterized by high strength and incredible resistance to external influences. This is probably the ideal option for facing the facade of a building that is almost eternal, the only drawback of which is a rather high cost compared to other materials.

Also, when finishing the basement, the so-called facade tiles are used, the main varieties of which are given below and can also be seen in the photo.

Almost all facade tiles can be installed by the "dry" method - on the profile, with additional thermal insulation. If the size and weight of the tile is quite significant, it is better to use the "wet" method. This method involves the use of an adhesive solution and additional fixation. These technologies can be studied in more detail on photo and video materials.

Basement cladding master class

In the video tutorial on the installation of natural stone as a basement finish, you can see some of the nuances of the work, as well as several new ideas for the design of such works.

Conclusion

To complete the lining of the basement of a building is an easy task, especially if you carefully study the proposals of the construction market for such work. The choice of a suitable material should take into account not only the final cost of the project, but also the aesthetic orientation of the finish. A basement lined with natural or artificial stone will look out of place on a wooden house. The same applies to the plastered plinth on the facade of the building, lined with porcelain stoneware or facade tiles.

The service life is also important when purchasing the right material. Excessive savings are not always appropriate here, especially on the quality of facing materials and adhesives. It is best to invite specialists for such work, but it is quite possible to mount some materials with your own hands.

The better to finish the basement at home with your own hands updated: February 26, 2018 by: zoomfund