Persons (5). Postcards - "cosmonauts of the USSR Minaev: It turns out, then they would have waited endlessly
QUOTES:
“There is a hobby that could be enclosed in quotes, based on the fact that the training schedule was quite tight. This is the time I decided to devote to the upbringing of my son. "
"God grant us and all the guys who are on board now that there is work, that there is an appetite."
“When you just look at the Earth with your naked eye, you can hardly see anything. And that's great. The Earth is still a planet to live on. But, if we take a camera lens, we already observe local negative moments: oil spills, for example. "
INTERVIEW:
Listen to the interview
Minaev: Good morning to everyone, dear friends! Retro FM continues the traditional space week dedicated to the upcoming day of astronautics. We have a guest in the studio again. The cosmic guest is the hero of Russia, cosmonaut Sergei Revin. Good morning!
Vetrova: Hello!
Sergey: Good morning.
Dima: Well, immediately a question ...
Minaev and Vetrova: Wait, wait!
Minaev: We congratulate you on the upcoming Cosmonautics Day! Naturally, all the best and everything cosmic!
Sergey: Thank you!
Dima: So far you have only one flight behind you, but what a flight! 125 days, if I'm not mistaken. When is the next one?
Sergey: I hope for the best. For now, we are waiting in line. 2016 is already planned. But, hopefully, maybe for the coming years.
Minaev: Are you waiting in a relaxed state? Or do they not let you relax?
Sergei: Intense, I would even say.
Minaev: Even so?
Sergey: This tension is connected more with the function of our space squad, we work constantly with the guys, with the youth. Constantly on the road. This is a tradition that was established by Alexey Yuryevich Gagarin. Therefore, we follow in his footsteps. Now, after the flight, I have defended my pedagogical dissertation.
Minaev: So you are also a teacher nowadays? With the title.
Vetrova: Do you have a normal vacation to do nothing? Four weeks, at least two weeks?
Sergei: We have a long vacation, in fact. But I still want to do something.
Minaev: What about a hobby? Maybe you collect stamps? Considering their entire vacation for a month?
Vetrova: Sash, why do you judge everyone by yourself?
Sergey: There is a hobby that could be enclosed in quotation marks, based on the fact that the preparation schedule was quite tight. And after the flight it was somewhat plump. This is the time I decided to devote to the upbringing of my son.
Vetrova: How old is he?
Sergey: Well, already big, 14.
Vetrova: Wow!
Sergei: I'm afraid to be late, so I intensified my impact.
Dima: Smoking?
Sergei: No, he's an athlete so far.
Vetrova: Greetings to him.
Minaev: What kind of sport?
Sergey: Tennis.
Minaev: Well, tennis players make good money. More astronauts, probably!
Sergei: We are still spending. While investing.
Minaev: Right. You said that you had been waiting for the first flight for 16 years. Tell me, if it hadn't happened, how long would your patience have been? Have you set any bar? For example, 20 years - and that's all - I go to a monastery!
Sergey: The only bar is health.
Minaev: It turns out that they would have waited endlessly then.
Sergei: Until I got old, anyway.
Minaev: You said that the schedule is not so tight during the flight. There, a mandatory item is food intake. And if there is no appetite, do you still need to eat through force? Is someone monitoring food intake at the station?
Sergey: Thank God that I had and still have an appetite.
(laugh)
Minaev: And it will be!
Sergey: I hope! And he was, because there was a permanent job. Therefore, God forbid us and all the guys who are on board now that there is work, that there is an appetite.
Minaev: Well, someone is watching this: ate, did not eat? Have your dishes washed?
Sergey: Commander!
Minaev: Commander?
Sergey: Just kidding! The commander is not watching.
Vetrova: Listen, what time did your morning start on the ISS? And what time does it start here?
Sergey: Well, about the same. At 6 or 7 o'clock, getting up, breakfast - and work began.
Vetrova: What is the difference between earthly and space breakfast?
Sergey: You collect food on Earth, relying on your earthly habits.
Minaev: You were there for 125 days. Have you made a menu for 125 days? Did you get 125 different breakfasts?
Sergey: Periodic repetition, let's say. Of course, you can also arrange in space along the way. But the foundation is still earthly.
Vetrova: We know that sometimes in space the taste changes dramatically, like in pregnant women. I want salty, for example.
Sergei: I still wasn't pregnant, so my taste, apparently, hasn't changed somehow. I assumed that I might be drawn to something, but I did this cooking. Blueberry jam.
Vetrova: On the ISS, you conducted experiments, as we know, some kind of research related to the flight to Mars. Explain what they are.
Sergei: I would say that this is a general medical area. All information is accumulating, and the general idea of these directions is to understand the effect of weightlessness on a person. The same flight to Mars lasts approximately eight months. You have to fly there healthy, work on the surface healthy, from there fly away healthy and fly to Earth healthy as well.
Vetrova: The question has arisen. Various animals flew into space. Why are cats not taken into space?
Minaev: They are targeting!
Dima: They stink!
Sergei: They walk by themselves, but our team must be well-developed.
Vetrova: But, in principle, is it real?
Minaev: Anyone can be launched. Just what will be the result?
Vetrova: Well, a cat is an animal that relieves stress.
Sergey: This is in earthly conditions, and there ...
Minaev: It is not known who will relieve the stress of whom.
Sergei: Although theoretically it is probably possible. Pussy tourist. Or send instead of a tourist.
Minaev: Put a cat instead of a pig.
Sergey: Right in the chair - let the cat fly. For money.
Minaev: Sergey, you did some experiments on board at the request of schoolchildren.
Sergey: Two experiments. The guys made a small flying saucer with motors. It was interesting for the guys to study the flight of a saucer of this design. The second experiment is the behavior of liquids of different densities in zero gravity. They took pictures, reported - it was interesting for the guys.
Minaev: Foreigners of the braid don't look, why are you doing such childish amusements?
Sergei: They do it themselves sometimes. In particular, they were with them all the time - when the shuttle was still flying - toys on rubber bands.
Minaev: Probably, in order to excuse ourselves, they say, we are setting up experiments.
Vetrova: We have heard your statement about space tourists that you, in principle, are not against them, let them fly, but on their own. The only problem is that they take your place in the line for a flight into space.
Sergey: At that stage, it turned out, in my opinion, correctly. Now this business is organized more correctly. The main thing is to organize your business correctly. So that the guys who are waiting for their flight do not stand in line for five or ten years ...
Vetrova:… because of these nasty tourists!
Sergei: Well, not because of them, because of the work, which may not be properly organized.
Vetrova: Tourists don't do anything like that ... Well, let's say they just fly, watch, admire, take pictures? Or are they all the same ...
Minaev: ... are they sticking their hands somewhere?
Sergey: I know that many of them then, of course, write some books about their impressions. Publish them ...
Minaev: And they are beaten off from the flight, as I understand it ...
Sergei: To some extent, yes ... They have their own company, of course, the company is being presented. Perhaps there is some kind of mutually beneficial cooperation here.
Vetrova: Are they studying some technical aspects? All these handles, levers ...
Sergei: Well, you should know the toilet.
(laugh)
Minaev: Are there also handles and levers?
Sergey: And buttons.
Vetrova: One professional cosmonaut is flying with them, is that so?
Sergey: One or two.
Vetrova: That is, they don't need to know anything.
Sergey: The main thing is that nothing is pressed not on command.
Dima: Sarah Brightman will give concerts as sponsors. You will listen to how she sings from there.
Sergei: Well, let's see, I don't know. Let's see. God grant that she succeeds.
Minaev: We already have Christina on the line, she got through from Moscow.
Christina: Sergey, hello!
Sergey: Good afternoon!
Christina: Oh, how nice to hear from you! My question is, how many cosmonauts on board the ISS are constantly training? On Earth, do you go to the gym, maybe run in the morning? Are you on a diet?
Sergei: Of course, we live like students, according to the schedule. Almost every day we have physical education on our daily schedule - two hours. We come, we run, we swim, we pump muscles.
Vetrova: By yourself or with a leader?
Minaev: Do you have a physical education instructor?
Sergey: Since we are adults, our task is to keep fit. And some come at the moment when it is necessary to pass control figures, norms.
Dima: Well, show us what you ran into here!
Minaev: That is, something like a TRP.
Sergey: You need to pull yourself up a certain number of times.
Minaev: By the way, how much should the cosmonaut pull up?
Sergey: 15.
Minaev: Wow! It is more than…
Vetrova: ... how can Sasha!
(laugh)
Minaev: More than the TRP norms. I can't do it at all!
Dima: What about the diet?
Sergey: We have a flight canteen, all the guys mostly go to the flight canteen. The food there is already quite good. That is, the usual diet.
Minaev: Well, and at home, in the evening, in a relaxed state? By the way, do you get close to the refrigerator at night?
Dima: And at the station?
Minaev: While everyone is sleeping.
Sergey: No, no, no. I sleep tightly at night - I fell asleep and that's it.
Minaev: Does anyone eat at the station at night?
Dima: Was it like that?
Sergei: We have no pillows at the station, so there was nowhere to hide.
Minaev: I see! Nobody dragged on the sly! Tell us about the intentions of our space leadership. What will happen to the ISS? What will happen with the development of the moon?
Vetrova: We have heard that they want to move the ISS orbit closer to the Moon.
Sergei: As far as I know, there are no such precise projects now. Only theoretical thoughts. As for the ISS, it will be in its orbit, God forbid, it will fly even longer. Most likely, a decision will still be made to extend our participation after 2020. During this time, we will probably be able to formulate our space policy. Because the concept of the development of cosmonautics cannot be accepted in any way. Rogozin said not so long ago, three weeks ago he set the task, or rather, announced: to ensure leadership in space. Therefore, I hope this leadership in space will be ensured through manned space exploration as well. Will wait. Maybe within six months, all this will become apparent.
Minaev: And if you are offered to move to the moon? A base with permanent residence will be made there. They will allocate you there these same 6 acres, a house, a vegetable garden, and they will say: "Sergei, we need you to live there."
Sergey: If another well is drilled ...
Minaev: All life support systems will be there.
Sergey: With pleasure. In general, leaving Earth is great. Well, not forever, of course.
Minaev: Well, it's nearby, you can fly on weekends.
Sergey: From the moon, our planet is clearly visible, beautiful. I would love to fly to work there.
Minaev: Just to work?
Sergei: Well, live, research. If there is a task, return.
Dima: And if not?
Sergey: I think that our leadership is still humane ...
Dima: As in the joke, where they flew in the sun at night ...
Minaev: You are dealing with serious environmental problems. And the ISS also dealt with this issue. And what problems related to ecology are visible from space if you look at the Earth?
Sergey: When you look at the Earth with your naked eye, you can hardly see anything. And that's great. The Earth is still a planet to live on. But, if we take a camera lens, we already observe local negative moments: oil spills, for example. We periodically monitor this case. We look beyond the glaciers and many others. I almost constantly climbed behind the panels at the station, looked for fungi, mold, some kind of moisture. I can say that she is not. The ecology is fine. Outside, of course, there are small problems. Micro-micro cracks, many broken windows outside.
Minaev: You say, windows, there is some small damage outside. Is there a technical possibility to replace the window, the glass itself, in space?
Sergey: As far as I know, there are no such works. While the observation is underway, I think so, it greatly interferes with the work, the observation of the Earth. But there are no big problems.
Minaev: It's good when there are no problems.
Vetrova: Let them never be.
Flight engineer: Alexey ELISEEV (cosmonaut-15)
And the reader already knows it. In January 1969 he took off as a member of the Soyuz-5 crew. Then, for the first time, the transition of cosmonauts from ship to ship, or rather, from one working compartment of the orbital station to another, was carried out. Then, for the first time, a new profession was recognized: the onboard engineer of a spacecraft. He became its first representative.
And here again Alexei is in flight. This time, the tasks of the flight engineer became more complicated, as did the entire program of the new space experiment. So today. And tomorrow? This question is not new to him. He already answered it after his first date with the stars. We will retell his thoughts in his own words.
“Cognition of space began, but we only opened our eyes. We still have to look and analyze for a long time before we understand the laws of the cosmic element, we understand the mechanism of its impact on earthly phenomena. We already know a lot, but we have a lot more to learn. And for this, people will create lunar observatories, long-term orbital stations, go to distant planets.
Let's try to look ahead for decades, try to imagine the responsibilities of the crews of the ships of the future, the travel times of which will increase from several weeks to several years. Some trends are already visible today.
The increase in the volume and complexity of scientific research, the complication of control of the spacecraft, the long duration of the flights, the distance to the great distances from the Earth - all this will require an even higher level of training for the cosmonauts. Depending on the scientific tasks of the flight, in addition to the pilot-cosmonaut commander, there may be an astronomer, geophysicist, meteorologist, mechanic, biologist, etc. on a spacecraft or orbital station.Each of these astronaut scientists must be a highly qualified specialist, and not only in their field. In flight, the crew will have to solve very complex problems related to various branches of science and technology.
The first task is space navigation. Already modern launch vehicles are able to bring the ship out very accurately. Even experts call the achieved accuracy fantastic. However, even with such an accuracy of insertion, significant errors accumulate during long-distance and long-term flights. When flying, for example, to Mars or Venus, a miss due to the accumulation of errors can be tens of thousands of kilometers. On the other hand, we know that in order for, say, Probe-type spacecraft to return to Earth, the deviation from the calculated trajectory when entering the Earth's atmosphere should not exceed about ten kilometers. This means that in flight it is imperative to correct the trajectory - to carry out a correction. Hence it follows that it is necessary first of all to know the true flight trajectory, to know how much it differs from the calculated one. To do this, it will be necessary to systematically carry out measurements, and the results of observations must undergo complex mathematical processing.
In terrestrial conditions, the navigator (sailor or pilot) determines the trajectory of the ship relative to a seemingly motionless Earth and only in two dimensions: the latitude and longitude of the point at which the ship or aircraft is currently located. The space navigator must plot the trajectory of the ship in all three spatial dimensions, using a more complex coordinate system for this purpose. The navigator must take into account the movement of the planet to which the ship is flying, determine the arrival time, calculate how the correcting engine should be directed, when and for how long to turn it on in order to ensure the arrival in a given region of the planet.
All this requires very deep mathematical knowledge, the ability to work with optical sighting devices, with an on-board computer, analyze the results of calculations, applying the methods of applied mathematics and applied celestial mechanics.
The second big task facing the crew is ship control. The spacecraft, in a relatively small volume, contains a whole complex of the most complex systems for various purposes. Suffice it to mention the systems of orientation and stabilization, thermal regulation, communications, life support, control of the operation of onboard equipment, and medical control of the state of the crew.
The crew is obliged to continuously monitor the operation of all these systems, to prevent possible malfunctions. To do this, it will be necessary to regularly carry out preventive inspections of devices, possibly reconfigure and adjust them, and, during long flights, repair them. Before the most complex and critical space experiments (such as landing on or taking off from another planet), the crew must be able to conduct comprehensive tests of all major systems. And if any malfunction has happened, you need to be able to quickly and accurately find its causes and eliminate it with the help of the means at hand.
Essentially, the crew of a spacecraft on a long-distance flight, willy-nilly, must take on those functions of analyzing the operation and prevention of onboard systems, which, for example, in aviation are performed by highly qualified engineering and technical personnel of ground services. Therefore, the crew members need excellent knowledge of electronics, electrical engineering, mechanics, etc.
Another of the important tasks of the crew on a long-distance space flight is to maintain normal living conditions in the ship's cabin. It is necessary to monitor the composition of the atmosphere in the living quarters, the level of radiation, sanitary conditions. During a long flight, the crew will have to regenerate drinking water and oxygen.
Illness of any of the crew members of the spacecraft jeopardizes the fulfillment of the flight program. Therefore, there must be good medical care on board. It is necessary that the cosmonaut can always, at any moment, be able to count on qualified medical assistance. Thus, high requirements are also imposed on the biological and medical training of cosmonauts.
It is quite clear that all these tasks cannot be solved by one person. The crews of distant spacecraft will consist of a group of cosmonauts, the responsibilities between which will be clearly distributed, similar to how, for example, duties are now distributed among the crew members of air liners. It is clear that at the same time cosmonauts must possess a certain universalism for interchangeability, if necessary.
As you can see, future cosmonauts will have more than enough responsibilities. And those who today ask us how to become astronauts, who are going to devote their lives to space, should prepare themselves for the fact that they will have to master a whole "spectrum" of professions and at least one perfectly. "
It has already begun, this new stage in terms of space exploration and exploration. Science itself, with its own eyes, looked around in the endless ocean of stars. Three ships entered different orbits. On board each of them were people of different professions: pilots - masters of control of complex machines, engineers and scientists - masters in understanding the processes and laws of the universe.
And yet, what can I say about him - about the engineer Alexei Eliseev? Kind? Persistent? A talented engineer? A capable researcher? .. All this is true. In "Zvezdny" he is treated with great respect. Why?
“I don’t think he was specifically looking for opportunities to please everyone,” his namesake Alexei Leonov says about him. “He’s just such a charming person. Very modest, tactful. For a long time, no one here knew that he was a master of sports in fencing - he fenced well with bayonets. Lesha believed that he had nothing to brag about ...
This modesty, tact, and great self-control are characteristic of him. Eliseev has an excellent quality - the ability to listen to the interlocutor. He will not interrupt him, let him state all the arguments and then calmly express his point of view ... Lesha is fond of painting, collects a collection of reproductions, tries not to miss exhibitions, among his favorite writers are Ilf and Petrov, Hasek, Chekhov. This is understandable, by the nature of his character he is a cheerful, witty person. Sometimes he knows how to arrange a joke with a stone face. It is unlikely that he will be able to take advantage of this in space - his comrades know him well ... "
Yes, comrades know Alexei Eliseev, a communist and an astronaut.
TOKYO. All Japanese newspapers continue to widely comment on the new achievement of the Soviet Union in space exploration, post photographs of Soviet cosmonauts, and detail the biographies of space explorers.
Observations of the "Seven of the Bold", as the "Sankei Shimbun" calls Soviet heroes-cosmonauts, will surely enrich science with an immeasurable number of new facts.
Mainichi stresses that the Soviet space experiment will be the most outstanding technological achievement in history.
TASS THANK YOU FOR YOUR TRUST Central Committee of the CPSU Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR Soviet governmentOn behalf of the Soyuz spacecraft crews, we report to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet and the Soviet government:
Now the manned spacecraft Soyuz-6, Soyuz-7 and Soyuz-8 are successfully performing group flights in near-earth space.
Seven Soviet cosmonauts embarked on an extensive program of scientific and technical research, observations and experiments. Our friendly space team is confident that the planned space exploration program will be fully implemented.
The mood is excellent, we feel good.
We heartily thank the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the Soviet government for their confidence.
Cosmonauts: SHONIN, KUBASOV, FILIPCHENKO, VOLKOV, GORBATKO, SHATALOV, ELISEEV. SOVIET PEOPLE WISH YOU SUCCESS A welcoming telegram from the leaders of the party and government to cosmonauts comrades Shonin Georgy Stepanovich, Kubasov Valery Nikolaevich, Filipchenko Anatoly Vasilyevich, Volkov Vladislav Nikolaevich, Gorbatko Viktor Vasilyevich, Shatalov Vladimir Aleksandrovich, Eliseev Aleksei StanisovichDear comrades!
On behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, we warmly congratulate you on the successful group flight of the spacecraft Soyuz-6, Soyuz-7 and Soyuz-8.
For the first time in the history of space exploration, three manned spacecraft are simultaneously in near-earth orbit. This outstanding achievement in the field of cosmonautics serves as new proof of the high level of development of Soviet science and technology, the inexhaustible creative potential of the Soviet people.
All our people wish you a successful mission and a safe landing.
We hug you and wait for you in our native land.
L. I. BREZHNEV, N. V. PODGORNY, A. N. KOSYGIN.ISS cosmonauts
Oleg Ivanovich Skripochka
general information
Hero of the Russian Federation, pilot-cosmonaut of the Russian Federation
Serial number: 107th Russian cosmonaut / 516th - world
Number of flights: 3 , is currently on the ISS
Duration of two flights: 331 days 12 hours 30 minutes
Duration of the third flight:
Spacewalks: 3
Total duration of exits: 16 hours 39 minutes
Date and place of birth: December 24, 1969 in the city of Nevinnomyssk, Stavropol Territory.
Family status: married.
Wife- Elena Vladimirovna Milovanova. The family has two children.
Education
V 1987 year graduated from high school number 28 with a physical and mathematical bias in the city of Zaporozhye.
V 1993 year graduated from the State Technical University. N.E. Bauman (Moscow State Technical University named after Bauman) with a degree in rocketry with the qualification of a mechanical engineer.
work experience
During the period since 1987 on 1991 year worked at NPO Energia (now RSC Energia named after SP Korolev) as a cable and special equipment tester, as a product testing locksmith.
WITH 1991 year on 1993 year- in the design department as a technician.
After graduation since 1993 on 1996 year worked at NPO Energia as an engineer in the design department for the development of cargo and transport ships.
WITH 1996 year on 1997 year- in the department for the development and operation of ground equipment.
Preparation for space flights
V July 1997 By the decision of the State Interdepartmental Commission he was selected to the cosmonaut corps of RSC Energia.
During the period since December 1997 on November 1999 took a course of general space training at the RGNIITSPK them. Yu.A. Gagarin.
V December 1999 he was qualified as a test cosmonaut.
WITH January 2000 on December 2002 trained as part of a group of test cosmonauts for flights to the ISS.
V December 2002 Was assigned to the backup crew of the ISS Visiting Crew 6 as a flight engineer. However, after the crash of the space shuttle "Columbia" in connection with the change in the flight program, the crew was disbanded.
WITH April 2007 on April 2008 He was trained as a backup crew member of the ISS-17 as a flight engineer of the Soyuz TMA spacecraft and a flight engineer of the space station.
WITH August 2008 on October 2010 trained as part of the ISS-25/26 prime crew as a Soyuz TMA-M spacecraft flight engineer and station flight engineer.
WITH September 2013 on september 2015 was trained as part of the ISS-45/46 / EP-18 backup crew as the Soyuz TMA-M crab commander and the station flight engineer.
WITH September 2015 on March 2016 He was trained as a member of the ISS-47/48 prime crew as a flight engineer of the Soyuz TMA-M spacecraft and a flight engineer of the station.
WITH October 2017 on May 2018 was trained as part of the ISS-57/58 backup crew as the Soyuz MS spacecraft commander and the station flight engineer.
WITH May on November 2018 ONE He was trained as part of the ISS-59/60 prime crew as commander of the Soyuz MS spacecraft, ISS-59 flight engineer and ISS-60 commander. However, due to the accident of the Soyuz MS-10 spacecraft with the ISS-57/58 crew, the ISS flight program for 2019 was changed.
WITH March 2019 He was trained as part of the ISS-61/62 / EP-19 prime crew as commander of the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft, ISS-61 flight engineer and ISS-62 commander.
Space flight experience
- 1 space flight committed with October 8, 2010 on March 16, 2011 as a spacecraft flight engineer and ISS-25/26 flight engineer together with cosmonaut Alexander Kaleri and astronaut Scott Kelly. During the flight, he performed three spacewalks with a total duration of 16 hours 39 minutes. Flight duration: 159 days 08 hours 43 minutes 05 seconds.
- 2 space flight completed with March 19 to September 7, 2016 as a flight engineer of the spacecraft "" and an ISS-47/48 flight engineer. The flight duration was 172 days.
- 3 space flight space flight has begun September 25, 2019... The launch of the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft took place at 16:57 Moscow time from site No. 1 of the Baikonur cosmodrome.
Awards
in 2017 he was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree;
in 2011 he was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation with the presentation of the Gold Star medal and the honorary title of the Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation;
Roscosmos departmental awards: Gagarin's badge, Korolyov's badge, the badge “For promoting space activities”;
medal "For Merit in the All-Russian Population Census 2010".
Hobbies
- parachuting;
- cycling tourism. space flight preparation
Today, pilot-cosmonaut, twice Hero of the Soviet Union Georgy Grechko celebrates his 80th birthday.
In a congratulatory telegram from President Dmitry Medvedev, in particular, it says: "The famous pilot-cosmonaut, a professional of the highest class, you participated in three orbital expeditions, did a lot to implement the national space program and major research projects."
The head of the Federal Space Agency Vladimir Popovkin in his congratulations noted that the hero of the day is one of those cosmonauts who are the personification of the era of man's breakthrough into space and whose fruitful social activities aimed at popularizing Russian cosmonautics are invaluable for educating young people.
Georgy Grechko was born on May 25, 1931 in Leningrad. In 1955 he graduated with honors from the Leningrad Mechanical Institute, worked in a design bureau, a member of the CPSU.
Since 1966, in the Soviet Cosmonaut Corps, where he completed a full course of general space training, preparation for flights on spacecraft of the "Soyuz" type, as well as for a flight to the moon.
From January 11 to February 9, 1975, together with Alexei Gubarev, he made his first flight on the Soyuz-17 spacecraft as a flight engineer.
On January 12, 1975, the spacecraft docked with the Salyut-4 orbital station in orbit in 1974. The flight lasted 29 days 13 hours.
From December 10, 1977 to March 16, 1978, together with Yuri Romanenko, he flew as a flight engineer on the Soyuz-26 spacecraft and the Salyut-6 orbital station. In flight, which lasted 96 days and 10 hours, the manned spacecraft Soyuz-27, the first ever automatic cargo transport vehicle Progress-1, and the spacecraft Soyuz-28 docked to the orbital station.
Grechko returned on board the Soyuz-27 ship. After this flight, he was awarded the title of Hero of Czechoslovakia.
He made the third flight from 17 to 26 September 1985 as a flight engineer together with commander Vladimir Vasyutin and research cosmonaut Alexander Volkov on the Soyuz T-14 spacecraft and the Salyut-7 orbital station.
After working on board the Salyut-7 - Soyuz T-13 - Soyuz T-14 orbital complex, he returned to Earth together with Vladimir Dzhanibekov on the Soyuz T-13 spacecraft. This was the end of the Dzhanibekov-Savinykh "rescue" expedition to the orbital station that had lost control from the Earth.
Grechko was the host of the television program "This Fantastic World" from 1977 to 1990, he also worked as Vice President of OTP Bank.
Instructor-test cosmonaut 1st class (05/18/1978). Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (17.02.1984). Candidate master in motor sports, has the 2nd grade in gliding, 3rd grade in airplane sports, 2nd grade in rifle and pistol shooting, 1st grade in parachuting (64 jumps).
A bronze bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union Gergy Grechko was installed in his homeland in the Moscow Victory Park in St. Petersburg.
He was awarded two medals of the Hero of the Soviet Union, three Orders of Lenin, many medals, including "For Merit in Space Exploration", "For Distinction in Labor", "For Valorous Labor", "For the Development of Virgin Lands."
The editorial staff of Polit.ru joins in congratulations!
,
commander of the spaceship "Vostok-2"
03. NIKOLAEV Andriyan Grigorievich (September 5, 1929 - July 3, 2004) - Wikipedia,
commander of the Vostok-3 and Soyuz-9 spaceships
04. POPOVICH Pavel Romanovich (October 5, 1930 - September 30, 2009) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
commander of the Vostok-4 and Soyuz-14 spaceships
05.BYKOVSKY Valery Fedorovich (born August 2, 1934) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
commander of the Vostok-5 and Soyuz-22 spaceships
06. NIKOLAEVA-TERESHKOVA Valentina Vladimirovna (born March 6, 1937) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union,
the world's first female cosmonaut, commander of the Vostok-6 spacecraft
07.KOMAROV Vladimir Mikhailovich (March 16, 1927 - April 24, 1967) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
commander of the Voskhod and Soyuz-1 spaceships
08. FEOKTISTOV Konstantin Petrovich (February 7, 1926 - November 21, 2009) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union,
Researcher, crew member of the Voskhod spacecraft
09. Boris Borisovich EGOROV (November 26, 1937 - September 12, 1994) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union,
doctor, crew member of the Voskhod spacecraft
10.BELYAEV Pavel Ivanovich (June 26, 1925 - January 10, 1970) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union,
commander of the spaceship "Voskhod-2"
11. LEONOV Alexey Arkhipovich (born May 30, 1934) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
the first person to walk into open space, the co-pilot of the Voskhod-2 spacecraft and the commander of the Soyuz-19 spacecraft
12. BEREGOVOY Georgy Timofeevich (April 15, 1921 - June 30, 1995) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
the only one who was awarded the first star of the Hero for the Great Patriotic War, and the second for a flight into space, the commander of the Soyuz-3 spacecraft
13. SHATALOV Vladimir Alexandrovich (born December 8, 1927) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
commander of the Soyuz-4, Soyuz-8 and Soyuz-10 spaceships
14.VOLYNOV Boris Valentinovich (born December 18, 1934) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
commander of the Soyuz-5 and Soyuz-21 spaceships
15. ELISEEV Alexey Stanislavovich (born July 13, 1934) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
flight engineer of the spacecraft Soyuz-4, Soyuz-5, Soyuz-8 and Soyuz-10
16.Khrunov Evgeny Vasilievich (September 10, 1933 - May 19, 2000) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union,
research engineer, crew member of the Soyuz-4 and Soyuz-5 spaceships
17. SHONIN Georgy Stepanovich (August 3, 1935 - April 6, 1997) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union,
Soyuz-6 spacecraft commander
18.KUBASOV Valery Nikolaevich (January 7, 1935 - February 19, 2014) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
flight engineer of the Soyuz-6 and Soyuz-19 spaceships and the commander of the Soyuz-36 spacecraft
19. FILIPCHENKO Anatoly Vasilievich (born February 26, 1928) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
commander of the Soyuz-7 and Soyuz-16 spaceships
20.VOLKOV Vladislav Nikolaevich (November 23, 1935 - June 30, 1971) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
flight engineer of the Soyuz-7 and Soyuz-11 spaceships
21. GORBATKO Victor Vasilievich (born December 3, 1934) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
research engineer on the Soyuz-7 spacecraft, commander of the Soyuz-24 (Salyut-5) and Soyuz-37 (Salyut-6) spaceships
22. SEVASTYANOV Vitaly Ivanovich (July 8, 1935 - April 5, 2010) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
flight engineer of the spacecraft Soyuz-9 and Soyuz-18
23. RUKAVISHNIKOV Nikolay Nikolaevich (September 18, 1932 - October 19, 2002) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union,
test engineer on the Soyuz-10 spacecraft, flight engineer of the Soyuz-16 spacecraft and the commander of the Soyuz-33 spacecraft
24.DOBROVOLSKY Georgy Timofeevich (June 1, 1928 - June 30, 1971) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union,
Soyuz-11 spacecraft commander
25.PATSAEV Victor Ivanovich (June 19, 1933 - June 30, 1971) - Wikipedia,
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union,
test engineer on the Soyuz-11 spacecraft
